EP0951930B1 - Apparatus for separating solids from a slurry - Google Patents

Apparatus for separating solids from a slurry Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0951930B1
EP0951930B1 EP98107444A EP98107444A EP0951930B1 EP 0951930 B1 EP0951930 B1 EP 0951930B1 EP 98107444 A EP98107444 A EP 98107444A EP 98107444 A EP98107444 A EP 98107444A EP 0951930 B1 EP0951930 B1 EP 0951930B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
tube
carrying
filter elements
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP98107444A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0951930A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Kupka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baukooperation GmbH
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Baukooperation GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Baukooperation GmbH filed Critical Baukooperation GmbH
Priority to EP98107444A priority Critical patent/EP0951930B1/en
Priority to DE59811639T priority patent/DE59811639D1/en
Priority to AT98107444T priority patent/ATE270135T1/en
Priority to US09/446,621 priority patent/US6419842B1/en
Priority to PCT/EP1999/002787 priority patent/WO1999055441A1/en
Priority to AU38227/99A priority patent/AU745848B2/en
Publication of EP0951930A1 publication Critical patent/EP0951930A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0951930B1 publication Critical patent/EP0951930B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B7/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes using a combination of processes not covered by a single one of groups F26B3/00 and F26B5/00

Definitions

  • the most common method for separating solids from a slurry consists in filtering the slurry with the help of more or less fine-pored filter media.
  • a major disadvantage this method is that the pores of the filter media add relatively quickly with solid particles from the slurry, so that a significant hydrostatic pressure is applied to the slurry in order to get any liquid through the To get filter media through. That hydrostatic pressure in turn leads to the fact that the particles are only firmer in the Pores of the filter medium are pressed, reducing the filter performance is deteriorated further.
  • a filter device which Starting point of the present invention according to the preamble of claim 1 and contains the tubular filter elements, consisting of perforated tubes with on the outside attached filter media.
  • the filter elements are on one of a circular ring formed tube and arranged into a cage connected to each other and form a rotor which in one the container to be filtered around liquid and after is drained outside.
  • the invention has for its object a filter device of the aforementioned type, with which a separation of Solid particles from a slurry in continuous or quasi-continuous Operation is possible, and being an increased Performance can be achieved without a too high hydrostatic on the turbidity Pressure must be applied.
  • the filter device 1 consists of FIGS. 1 and 9 a boiler 4 consisting of an upper shell 4o and a lower one Shell 4u, which is approximately in the middle of the boiler 4 with the help of the damage formed upper and lower flanges 5o or 5u are releasably connected to each other.
  • the end walls 6o and 6u of the boiler 4 are arched lenticular.
  • the diameter of the Boiler 4 is approximately 1.3 times the height of the jacket sections of the shells 4o and 4u.
  • the a filter element group is assigned to the upper shell 4o and contains filter elements, which are designed as a disk stack 7o are on two circles on an upper support structure 8o are attached.
  • the upper support structure 8o is on an upper one Hollow shaft 9o attached to the upper end wall 6o Shell 4o penetrates and is rotated by an upper motor 10o is relocatable.
  • On the upper hollow shaft 9o are adjacent upper end wall 6o also the blades 11o of an upper turbine attached, which belong to the upper support structure 8o.
  • a lower filter element group is comparable to the lower shell 4u assigned, consisting of filter elements that likewise disk stack 7u are different on two concentric circles Diameters are arranged and of a lower supporting structure 8u are held, which are attached to a lower hollow shaft 9u is.
  • the lower hollow shaft 9u penetrates the lower end wall 6u of the housing shell 4u and is from a lower motor 10u driven opposite to the direction of rotation of the upper hollow shaft 9o.
  • On the lower hollow shaft 9u are close to the lower one End wall 6u also the blades 11u of a lower turbine attached, which belong to the lower support structure 8u.
  • the upper filter element group surrounds the lower one Filter element group.
  • the sludge chamber is via a feed line and a pump (both shown important) 14 in the boiler 4, in which the filter element groups and their support devices are located with a slurry feedable.
  • a feed line and a pump (both shown important) 14 in the boiler 4 in which the filter element groups and their support devices are located with a slurry feedable.
  • the filter elements each exist from a stack on a common support tube with mutual Distance between filter disks 307o and 307u.
  • the filter discs deserve a precise description. This should be given with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • FIG. 2 A schematic radial sectional view of the filter element arrangement with one part within the filter device of FIG. 1 the supporting structure is shown in FIG. 2.
  • Each filter element consists of a stack of filter discs, 3 of which two filter disks 307o are shown are.
  • the filter disks 307o of a stack are of one Support tube 308o held, with spacers 309 and sealing rings 310 are inserted, the adjacent filter disks 307o keep at a distance from each other.
  • the filter discs 307o have each have a hollow interior 311 (see also FIG. 3) on, which by at least one associated breakthrough 312 in Support tube 308o is drained into this.
  • the support tubes are at one end over the support bracket holding them completely comparable to the filter candles already described dewatered, see also Fig. 3, upper section of the Drawing.
  • the embodiment 4 shows a possible embodiment of the interior Construction of the filter discs 307o or 307u.
  • the embodiment 4 shows two close-meshed lattice structures 313 from a coarse-mesh lattice structure 314 to one another Kept clear.
  • the close-meshed lattice structures 313 are covered on its surface by filter cloths 316, the edge the filter disc on an axially separable clamping ring 315, 317 are held under clamping of O-rings 318.
  • the Parts 315 and 317 of the clamping ring have an elastic circumferential closure on to the clamping ring to exchange the To be able to open filter cloths 316.
  • Near the support tube 308o or 308u are the filter cloths 316 due to the O-rings already mentioned 310 captured and sealed.
  • a rigid, porous, disc-shaped hollow body are used on the edge the filter cloths are fixed by a potting compound that a cavity between a ring and the edge of the hollow body fills. It is also possible to form the filter cloth in one piece, so that the top and bottom of a rigid, porous, disc-shaped hollow body covers, so that an attachment of the filter cloth only in the area of the support tube is.
  • the construction with filter discs has the advantage that a Sub-group filter elements so close together can be mounted that in the presence of a mutual axial offset the filter discs of the one filter element in the spaces between the filter discs of the penetrate adjacent filter element. This is in Fig. 1st and 2 clearly recognizable.
  • FIG. 5b shows, by twisting of the brackets on their supporting structure and - because of the cranking of the Holding the ends of the support tubes 309o or 309u - by twisting of the filter elements on their brackets the distance the filter element groups have to change from each other.
  • the Fig. 5b shows solid lines an arrangement that a wide space Z results, and in dashed lines Lines an arrangement that a narrow space z to Consequence. You can also in the circumferential direction of the space seen alternating distances to provide the pulsation effect within the cloudiness that runs through the mutual of the filter element groups results to vary, in particular to reinforce.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 A variant of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 is in Fig. 6 shown.
  • the filter discs 307o and 307u each at an angle of inclination with respect to the axis of the respective support tube 308o and 308u, respectively with alternating positive and negative angles of inclination, whereby these angles of inclination all with respect to a common one Axial plane are defined.
  • the one on both sides of a filter disc neighboring filter disks are thus mutually exclusive parallel.
  • angles of inclination can be selected differently. she are in the illustrated embodiment for the filter discs 307u, which are closer to the axis of rotation (not shown) larger, i.e. deviate more from the perpendicular to the support tube axis Arrangement from than the distant from the circumferential axis Filter discs 307o. This will make the different Radial components within the turbid flow caused by the Turbines (not shown) are invoiced carried.
  • the filter elements of a subgroup can be used as for Example of Fig. 1 can be arranged so that the filter discs two filter elements overlap each other, the arrangement is taken so that seen from the tube axis mutually approaching sections of second upstream filter disks a filter candle in the space between those seen from the pipe axis that are distant from each other Sections of two filter disks of the neighboring, downstream Immerse the filter candle.
  • Fig. 6 this is very much illustrated clearly. This creates a nozzle effect generates the turbidity into the crevice that downstream located filter disks with the upstream Form filter discs. Upstream they are radially wider internally arranged filter cartridges, while the downstream filter candles arranged radially further outward.
  • the orientation of the openings, each two filter discs form, can be such that these are directed into the circulation center are, but you can also choose the orientation so that the through the circulation of the filter element groups around the circulation center generated inflow with turbidity in the narrowing gap occurs between two filter disks, i.e. the filter discs are twisted in relation to the aforementioned orientation.
  • the Choice of setting depends on the type of turbidity and the circulation speeds of the filter element groups determined thereby and the strength of the pump flow.
  • FIG. 7 are on a support tube 508 radially protruding holding tubes 506 attached via connection brackets 573.
  • On every holding tube 506 is a package of filter disks arranged parallel to one another 507 attached, in the manner of the filter disks of FIG. 3 and 28 can be executed. Comparable to the embodiment 3, these filter disks 507 are at a distance held and sealed to the holding tube 506.
  • the filter discs 507 are over the support tubes 506 and connection brackets 573 drained into the support tube 508, which in turn over the Support structure is drained.
  • a middle support tube rotates in the axis of rotation of the support structure, the other support tubes run on circular orbits around this axis.
  • the holding tubes can be Adjust 506 on the support tubes 508 so that two neighboring ones Filter element pairs, each consisting of two packets of filter discs 507 exist on their associated support tubes 506, in mutual Distance can be changed. It is also possible to provide the individual packages with cranked feet and heads. Then the two packages of a pair can be in mutual Distance can be adjusted.

Abstract

Process for liquid filtration in a two-stage process comprises concentrating solids in a filtration section, passing the concentrated wet solids into a second vessel, in which they are dewatered in a press, and disintegrating, drying and removing. The installation has two vessels: a filter unit (1) and a press unit (2). The raw fluid is pumped into unit (1), which contains two sets of filter candles (7o,7u), one facing vertically downwards and the other facing vertically upwards. Each set is mounted in a circular pattern at different pitch circle diameters on separately driven supports so that they can rotate concentrically in contrary motion. This provides the principal circulation in the primary concentration stage. Blades (11o,11u) at the top and the bottom drive fluid downward and upward respectively around the candles. The concentrate passes through line (3a) into the press chamber (16) whose jaws are closed hydraulically. Additives (K1) may be used to aid dewatering during compression. When compression is complete the jaws are partially opened and the lower plate is rotated so that teeth on both plates disintegrate the filter cake. The particles fall into a drying chamber where they are fluidized by a number of rotating blades (18). Drying heat is supplied either by hot filtrate passing through the double walls of the drying chamber, or by direct radiation. The principal objective is therefore to allow the filter elements to operate at relatively low pressure so that only their surfaces retain the residues and the pores remain unclogged. Altogether 60 subsidiary claims, supported by drawings, describe aspects of the system.

Description

Das verbreitetste Verfahren zum Abtrennen von Feststoffanteilen aus einer Trübe besteht in der Filterung der Trübe mit Hilfe von mehr oder weniger feinporigen Filtermedien. Ein Hauptnachteil dieser Verfahren ist, daß sich die Poren der Filtermedien relativ schnell mit Feststoffpartikeln aus der Trübe zusetzen, sodaß ein erheblicher hydrostatischer Druck auf die Trübe aufgebracht werden muß, um überhaupt noch Flüssigkeit durch das Filtermedien hindurchzubekommen. Dieser hydrostatische Druck führt seinerseits dazu, daß die Partikel nur noch fester in die Poren des Filtermediums gedrückt werden, wodurch die Filterleistung weiter verschlechtert wird.The most common method for separating solids from a slurry consists in filtering the slurry with the help of more or less fine-pored filter media. A major disadvantage this method is that the pores of the filter media add relatively quickly with solid particles from the slurry, so that a significant hydrostatic pressure is applied to the slurry in order to get any liquid through the To get filter media through. That hydrostatic pressure in turn leads to the fact that the particles are only firmer in the Pores of the filter medium are pressed, reducing the filter performance is deteriorated further.

Diese nachteiligen Effekte lassen sich vermindern, wenn man den Filtervorgang mehrstufig mit progressiv abnehmenden Porengrößen der Filtermedien ausführt, doch ist der dazu notwendige Aufwand erheblich.These adverse effects can be reduced if you take the Multi-stage filtering process with progressively decreasing pore sizes executing the filter media, but it is necessary Effort considerably.

Eine andere Abhilfe besteht in der sogenannten Querstromfilterung, bei der die Trübe in einer quer zur Oberfläche des Filtermediums verlaufenden Bewegung gehalten wird, um das Absetzen von Feststoffpartikeln auf der Oberfläche des Filtermediums zu behindern. Filtervorrichtungen, die in dieser Weise arbeiten, sind beispielsweise aus EP 0 178 389 A1 bekannt. Auch bei ihnen ist der Aufbau eines Filterkuchens auf den Filtermedien prinzipiell nicht vermeidbar, wodurch die Filterleistung beeinträchtigt wird.Another remedy is the so-called cross-flow filtering, where the turbidity is in a cross to the surface of the filter medium ongoing movement is held to the weaning of solid particles on the surface of the filter medium hinder. Filter devices that work in this way are known for example from EP 0 178 389 A1. With them too is the principle of building a filter cake on the filter media unavoidable, which affects filter performance becomes.

Eine weitere, mit Querströmung arbeitende Filtervorrichtung ist aus EP 0 226 659 A1 bekannt. Bei dieser ist ein Rotor, der in der Trübenkammer umläuft und während des Filtervorgangs die Trübe in Bewegung hält, nach Abschluß des Filtervorgangs gegen das unbewegte Filtermedium vorschiebbar, sodaß mit dessen Hilfe der auf dem Filtermedium unvermeidbar anwachsende Filterkuchen Another filter device working with cross flow is known from EP 0 226 659 A1. There is a rotor in this the turbidity chamber rotates and during the filtering process Turbidity keeps moving after the filtering process is finished the immobile filter medium can be advanced so that with its help the filter cake that inevitably grows on the filter medium

Der Betrieb dieser Vorrichtung sieht somit bewußt das Abscheiden der Feststoffpartikel auf den Filtermembranen vor und erfordert zyklische Unterbrechungen, die notwendig sind, um die entstandenen Filterkuchen auszupressen und aus der Filtervorrichtung zu entfernen. Der Aufbau von Filterkuchen während des Filtervorgangs erfordert außerdem erheblichen hydrostatischen Druck, um einigermaßen befriedigende Filterleistungen zu erzielen.The operation of this device thus deliberately sees the separation the solid particles on the filter membranes before and requires cyclical interruptions that are necessary to compensate for the incurred Squeeze filter cake and out of the filter device too remove. The construction of filter cakes during the filtering process also requires significant hydrostatic pressure to to achieve reasonably satisfactory filter performance.

Aus der WO 93/23139 ist eine Filtervorrichtung bekannt, die den Ausgangspunkt der vorliegenden Erfindung nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 bildet und die tubusförmige Filterelemente enthält, bestehend aus perforierten Rohren mit auf der Außenseite angebrachten Filtermedien. Die Filterelemente sind auf einem von einem Rohr gebildeten Kreisring angeordnet und zu einem Käfig miteinander verbunden und bilden einen Rotor, der in einem die zu filternde Flüssigkeit aufnehmenden Behälter umläuft und nach außen entwässert ist. In dem Behälter sind mehrere solcher Rotoren unterschiedlicher Durchmesser ineinander angeordnet, und einander benachbarte Rotoren rotieren in zueinander entgegengesetzten Richtungen. Es ergeben sich dadurch pulsierende Strömungen in der zu filternden Flüssigkeit, die eine vorzeitige Verstopfung der Filtermedien durch Sedimentation verhindern.From WO 93/23139 a filter device is known which Starting point of the present invention according to the preamble of claim 1 and contains the tubular filter elements, consisting of perforated tubes with on the outside attached filter media. The filter elements are on one of a circular ring formed tube and arranged into a cage connected to each other and form a rotor which in one the container to be filtered around liquid and after is drained outside. There are several such rotors in the container different diameters arranged one inside the other, and adjacent rotors rotate in opposite rotors Directions. This results in pulsating currents in the liquid to be filtered, which is premature constipation prevent the filter media from sedimentation.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Filtervorrichtung der vorgenannten Art anzugeben, mit der eine Abtrennung von Feststoffanteilen aus einer Trübe in kontinuierlichem oder quasi-kontinuierlichem Betrieb möglich ist, und wobei eine erhöhte Leistung erzielbar ist, ohne daß auf die Trübe ein zu hoher hydrostatischer Druck aufgebracht werden muß.The invention has for its object a filter device of the aforementioned type, with which a separation of Solid particles from a slurry in continuous or quasi-continuous Operation is possible, and being an increased Performance can be achieved without a too high hydrostatic on the turbidity Pressure must be applied.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche. This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1 solved. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und Details näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Längsschnittdarstellung einer Filtervorrichtung nach der Erfindung;
Fig. 2
eine Axialschnittansicht nur durch die Filterelemente der Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
als Einzelheit eine vergrößerte teildarstellung eines Filterelements aus Fig. 1 und 2;
Fig. 4
eine Schnittdarstellungen einer Ausführungsform einer Filterscheiben der Filtervorrichtung von Fig. 1;
Fig. 5a und 5b
einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 1 zur Erläuterung der Strömungsverhältnisse und eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung davon;
Fig. 6
als Teildarstellung eine gegenüber Fig. 1 abgewandelte Ausführunsgform; und
Fig. 7
als Ausschnitt eine Seitenansicht einer alternativen Filterelementanordnung.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings using exemplary embodiments and details. It shows:
Fig. 1
a longitudinal sectional view of a filter device according to the invention;
Fig. 2
an axial sectional view only through the filter elements of FIG. 1;
Fig. 3
as a detail an enlarged partial illustration of a filter element from FIGS. 1 and 2;
Fig. 4
a sectional views of an embodiment of a filter disc of the filter device of Fig. 1;
5a and 5b
an enlarged section of Figure 1 to explain the flow conditions and a schematic cross-sectional view thereof;
Fig. 6
as a partial representation a modified embodiment compared to FIG. 1; and
Fig. 7
a detail of a side view of an alternative filter element arrangement.

Die Filtervorrichtung 1 besteht gemäß den Fig. 1 und 9 aus einem Kessel 4 aus einer oberen Schale 4o und einer unteren Schale 4u, die etwa in der Mitte des Kessels 4 mit Hilfe von an den Schaden ausgebildeten oberen und unteren Flanschen 5o bzw. 5u lösbar miteinander verbunden sind. Die Stirnwände 6o und 6u des Kessels 4 sind linsenförmig gewölbt. Der Durchmesser des Kessels 4 beträgt etwa das 1,3-fache der Höhe der Mantelabschnitte der Schalen 4o und 4u. The filter device 1 consists of FIGS. 1 and 9 a boiler 4 consisting of an upper shell 4o and a lower one Shell 4u, which is approximately in the middle of the boiler 4 with the help of the damage formed upper and lower flanges 5o or 5u are releasably connected to each other. The end walls 6o and 6u of the boiler 4 are arched lenticular. The diameter of the Boiler 4 is approximately 1.3 times the height of the jacket sections of the shells 4o and 4u.

In dem Kessel 4 befinden sich zwei Filterelementgruppen. Die eine Filterelementgruppe ist der oberen Schale 4o zugeordnet und enthält Filterlemente, die als Scheibenstapel 7o ausgebildet sind, die auf zwei Kreisen an einer oberen Tragstruktur 8o befestigt sind. Die obere Tragstruktur 8o ist an einer oberen Hohlwelle 9o befestigt, die die obere Stirnwand 6o der Schale 4o durchdringt und von einem oberen Motor 10o in Drehung versetzbar ist. Auf der oberen Hohlwelle 9o sind benachbart der oberen Stirnwand 6o außerdem die Flügel 11o einer oberen Turbine befestigt, die zu der oberen Tragstruktur 8o gehören.There are two filter element groups in the boiler 4. The a filter element group is assigned to the upper shell 4o and contains filter elements, which are designed as a disk stack 7o are on two circles on an upper support structure 8o are attached. The upper support structure 8o is on an upper one Hollow shaft 9o attached to the upper end wall 6o Shell 4o penetrates and is rotated by an upper motor 10o is relocatable. On the upper hollow shaft 9o are adjacent upper end wall 6o also the blades 11o of an upper turbine attached, which belong to the upper support structure 8o.

Damit vergleichbar ist der unteren Schale 4u eine untere Filterelementgruppe zugeordnet, bestehend aus Filterelementen, die gleichfalls Scheibenstapel 7u sind, die auf zwei konzentrischen Kreisen unterschiedlicher Durchmesser angeordnet sind und von einer unteren Tragstruktur 8u gehalten werden, die an einer unteren Hohlwelle 9u befestigt ist. Die untere Hohlwelle 9u durchdringt die untere Stirnwand 6u der Gehäuseschale 4u und ist von einem unteren Motor 10u entgegengesetzt zur Drehrichtung der oberen Hohlwelle 9o angetrieben. Auf der unteren Hohlwelle 9u sind nahe der unteren Stirnwand 6u weiterhin die Flügel 11u einer unteren Turbine befestigt, die zu der unteren Tragstruktur 8u gehören.A lower filter element group is comparable to the lower shell 4u assigned, consisting of filter elements that likewise disk stack 7u are different on two concentric circles Diameters are arranged and of a lower supporting structure 8u are held, which are attached to a lower hollow shaft 9u is. The lower hollow shaft 9u penetrates the lower end wall 6u of the housing shell 4u and is from a lower motor 10u driven opposite to the direction of rotation of the upper hollow shaft 9o. On the lower hollow shaft 9u are close to the lower one End wall 6u also the blades 11u of a lower turbine attached, which belong to the lower support structure 8u.

Die obere Filterelementgruppe umgibt die untere Filterelementgruppe.The upper filter element group surrounds the lower one Filter element group.

Über eine Zuführleitung und eine Pumpe (beides wicht dargestellt) ist die Trübenkammer 14 im Kessel 4, in denen sich die Filterelementgruppen und ihre Tragvorrichtungen befinden, mit einer Trübe beschickbar. Durch eine von den Motoren 10o und 10u hervorgerufenen gegenläufige Bewegung der Filterelementgruppen 7o und 7u und der Turbinen 11o und 11u wird in der in der Trübenkammer 14 befindlichen Trübe eine intensive Strömung hervorgerufen, die im Zentrum des Kessels einen gegenüber dem peripheren Bereich erhöhten Druck hervorruft. Diese Strömung streicht an den Filterelementen 7o und 7u vorbei radial nach außen. Durch den Umlauf der Filterelemente um die Achse des Kessels 4 ergibt sich eine weitere Bewegungskomponente zwischen den Filterelementen und der Trübe, die quer zur Oberfläche der Filterelemente an diesen vorbeistreicht. Details werden später erläutert. The sludge chamber is via a feed line and a pump (both shown important) 14 in the boiler 4, in which the filter element groups and their support devices are located with a slurry feedable. By one of the 10o motors and 10u caused counter movement of the filter element groups 7o and 7u and the turbines 11o and 11u is in the in the turbidity chamber 14 there is an intensive flow caused the one in the center of the cauldron opposite causes increased pressure in the peripheral area. This current sweeps radially past the filter elements 7o and 7u outward. By the circulation of the filter elements around the axis the boiler 4 results in a further movement component between the filter elements and the turbidity that is transverse to the surface the filter elements sweep past them. details will be explained later.

Gemäß Fig.1 bestehen die Filterelemente jeweils aus einem Stapel auf gemeinsamem Tragrohr mit gegenseitigem Abstand angeordneter Filterscheiben 307o bzw. 307u. Die die Filterscheiben haltenden Tragrohre 308o und 308u sind an Konsolen gehalten, die ihrerseits an Ringrohren 58 bzw. befestigt sind. Diesbezüglich kann auf eine detaillierte Erläuterung verzichtet werden, doch verdienen die Filterscheiben eine genaue Beschreibung. Diese soll anhand der Fig. 3 und 4 gegeben werden.According to Figure 1, the filter elements each exist from a stack on a common support tube with mutual Distance between filter disks 307o and 307u. The the Support tubes holding filter discs 308o and 308u on consoles held, which in turn on ring tubes 58 or are attached. In this regard a detailed explanation is dispensed with, however, the filter discs deserve a precise description. This should be given with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

Eine schematische Radialschnittansicht der Filterelementanordnung innerhalb der Filtervorrichtung von Fig. 1 mit einem Teil der Tragstruktur zeigt die Fig. 2.A schematic radial sectional view of the filter element arrangement with one part within the filter device of FIG. 1 the supporting structure is shown in FIG. 2.

Jedes Filterelement besteht aus einem Stapel von Filterscheibeh, von denen in Fig. 3 zwei Filterscheiben 307o dargestellt sind. Die Filterscheiben 307o eines Stapels sind von einem Tragrohr 308o gehalten, wobei Distanzstücke 309 und Dichtungsringe 310 eingefügt sind, die benachbarte Filterscheiben 307o auf gegenseitigen Abstand halten. Die Filterscheiben 307o weisen jeweils einen hohlen Innenraum 311 (siehe auch Fig. 3) auf, der durch wenigstens einen zugehörigen Durchbruch 312 im Tragrohr 308o in dieses hinein entwässert ist. Die Tragrohre sind am einen Ende über die sie haltende Tragkonsole hindurch vollkommen vergleichbar den schon beschriebenen Filterkerzen entwässert, siehe hierzu auch Fig. 3, oberer Abschnitt der Zeichnung.Each filter element consists of a stack of filter discs, 3 of which two filter disks 307o are shown are. The filter disks 307o of a stack are of one Support tube 308o held, with spacers 309 and sealing rings 310 are inserted, the adjacent filter disks 307o keep at a distance from each other. The filter discs 307o have each have a hollow interior 311 (see also FIG. 3) on, which by at least one associated breakthrough 312 in Support tube 308o is drained into this. The support tubes are at one end over the support bracket holding them completely comparable to the filter candles already described dewatered, see also Fig. 3, upper section of the Drawing.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt eine mögliche Ausführungsform des inneren Aufbaus der Filterscheiben 307o bzw. 307u. Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 4 werden zwei engmaschige Gitterstrukturen 313 von einer grobmaschigen Gitterstruktur 314 auf gegenseitigen Abstand gehalten. Die engmaschigen Gitterstrukturen 313 sind auf ihrer Fläche von Filtertüchern 316 überdeckt, die am Rand der Filterscheibe am von einem axial teilbaren Spannring 315, 317 unter Einspannung von O-Ringen 318 festgehalten sind. Die Teile 315 und 317 des Spannrings weisen einen elastischen umlaufenden Verschluß auf, um den Spannring zum Austausch der Filtertücher 316 öffnen zu können. Nahe dem Tragrohr 308o bzw. 308u sind die Filtertücher 316 durch die schon genannten O-Ringe 310 festgehalten und abgedichtet.4 shows a possible embodiment of the interior Construction of the filter discs 307o or 307u. In the embodiment 4 shows two close-meshed lattice structures 313 from a coarse-mesh lattice structure 314 to one another Kept clear. The close-meshed lattice structures 313 are covered on its surface by filter cloths 316, the edge the filter disc on an axially separable clamping ring 315, 317 are held under clamping of O-rings 318. The Parts 315 and 317 of the clamping ring have an elastic circumferential closure on to the clamping ring to exchange the To be able to open filter cloths 316. Near the support tube 308o or 308u are the filter cloths 316 due to the O-rings already mentioned 310 captured and sealed.

Als Träger für die Filtertücher kann auch ein starrer, poröser, scheibenförmiger Hohlkörper verwendet werden, an dessen Rand die Filtertücher durch eine Vergußmasse festgelegt sind, die einen Hohlraum zwischen einem Ring und dem Rand des Hohlkörpers ausfüllt. Ferner ist es möglich, das Filtertuch einstückig auszubilden, sodaß es Ober- und Unterseite eines starren, porösen, scheibenförmigen Hohlkörpers überszieht, sodaß eine Befestigung des Filtertuchs nur im Bereich des Tragrohres sicherzustellen ist.A rigid, porous, disc-shaped hollow body are used on the edge the filter cloths are fixed by a potting compound that a cavity between a ring and the edge of the hollow body fills. It is also possible to form the filter cloth in one piece, so that the top and bottom of a rigid, porous, disc-shaped hollow body covers, so that an attachment of the filter cloth only in the area of the support tube is.

Die Konstruktion mit Filterscheiben hat den Vorteil, daß eine Untergruppe bildende Filterelemente derart dicht nebeneinander montiert werden können, daß bei Vorhandensein eines gegenseitigen axialen Versatzes die Filterscheiben des einen Filterelements in die Zwischenräume zwischen den Filterscheiben des benachbarten Filterelements eindringen. Dieses ist in den Fig. 1 und 2 deutlich zu erkennen.The construction with filter discs has the advantage that a Sub-group filter elements so close together can be mounted that in the presence of a mutual axial offset the filter discs of the one filter element in the spaces between the filter discs of the penetrate adjacent filter element. This is in Fig. 1st and 2 clearly recognizable.

Wie in Fig. 5a dargestellt ist, hat dieses zur Folge, daß der freie Querschnitt, den eine diese Filterelementen-Untergruppe anströmende Strömung vorfindet, sich von einem großen Querschnitt in Richtung auf den Überlappungsbereich der Filterscheiben zu einem kleinen Querschnitt verengt und anschließend wieder vergrößert. Man erhält somit eine Düsenwirkung für die Trübenströmung innerhalb der Filterelementen-Untergruppe. Diese Düsenwirkung und damit verbundene Druckverminderung zieht Trübe in die Untergruppe hinein und verbessert die Überströmung der Filterflächen. As shown in Fig. 5a, this has the consequence that the free cross section that one of these filter element sub-group incoming flow finds itself from a large cross section towards the overlap area of the filter discs narrowed to a small cross-section and then enlarged again. A nozzle effect is thus obtained for the Turbid flow within the filter element sub-group. This The effect of the nozzle and the associated reduction in pressure cause turbidity into the subgroup and improves the overflow of the Filter surfaces.

Es versteht sich, daß der gegenseitige Abstand der Filterelemente durch asymmetrisch bezüglich der Scheibenstapelachse ausgeführte Montageeinrichtungen 72, 73 auch veranderbar eingerichtet sein kann, um Anpassungen an die Arbeitsbedingungen zu ermöglichen.It is understood that the mutual spacing of the filter elements through asymmetrical with respect to the disc stack axis Mounting devices 72, 73 can also be configured to be adaptable to enable working conditions.

Es ist, wie Fig. 5b ferner zeigt auch möglich, durch Verdrehen der Konsolen an ihrer Tragstruktur und - wegen der Kröpfung der Halterung der Enden der Tragrohre 309o bzw. 309u - durch Verdrehen der Filterelemente an ihren Konsolen den Abstand, den die Filterelementgruppen voneinander haben, zu verändern. Die Fig. 5b zeigt durchgezogenen Linien eine Anordnung, die einen breiten Zwischenraum Z zur Folge hat, und in gestrichelten Linien eine Anordnung, die einen schmalen Zwischenraum z zur Folge hat. Man kann dabei auch in Umlaufrichtung des Zwischenraums gesehen wechselnde Abstände vorsehen, um den Pulsationseffekt innerhalb der Trübe, der sich durch das Aneinandervorbeilaufen der Filterelementgruppen ergibt, zu variieren, insbesondere zu verstärken.It is also possible, as FIG. 5b also shows, by twisting of the brackets on their supporting structure and - because of the cranking of the Holding the ends of the support tubes 309o or 309u - by twisting of the filter elements on their brackets the distance the filter element groups have to change from each other. The Fig. 5b shows solid lines an arrangement that a wide space Z results, and in dashed lines Lines an arrangement that a narrow space z to Consequence. You can also in the circumferential direction of the space seen alternating distances to provide the pulsation effect within the cloudiness that runs through the mutual of the filter element groups results to vary, in particular to reinforce.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt auch, daß die sehr eng stehenden Filterelemente, die sich quasi gegenseitig durchdringen, zusammen jeweils eine Art Käfig bilden, der bis auf die Zwischenräume zwischen den Filterscheiben an seinem Umfang geschlossen ist. Dieses hat zur Folge, daß die von den Turbinen axial gepumpten Trübenströmungen eine Druckdifferenz zwischen dem Zentrum der Filterlementanordnung und deren Peripherie erzeugen, die sich über die Käfigstrukturen abbaut. Diese Druckdifferenz erzeugt an den Filterscheiben einen Staudruck, der das Filtrat (Permeat) durch die Membranen drückt, ohne daß es erforderlich ist, die Trübe unter einen hydrostatischen Druck zu versetzen. Dieses gilt entsprechend auch für Ausführungsformen mit zylindrischen Filterkerzen.2 also shows that the very narrow filter elements, quasi interpenetrating, together each form a kind of cage, except for the gaps between the filter discs is closed on its circumference. The result of this is that those axially pumped by the turbines Turbid currents a pressure difference between the center of the Filter element arrangement and its periphery generate that degrades over the cage structures. This pressure difference creates a dynamic pressure on the filter discs, which the filtrate (permeate) pushes through the membranes without requiring to put the turbidity under a hydrostatic pressure. This applies accordingly to embodiments with cylindrical Filter cartridges.

Eine Variante der Ausführungsform der Fig. 1 bis 4 ist in Fig. 6 dargestellt. Bei ihr sind die Filterscheiben 307o und 307u jeweils unter einem Neigungswinkel in Bezug auf die Achse des jeweiligen Tragrohrs 308o bzw. 308u angeordnet, und zwar mit abwechselnd positivem und negativem Neigungswinkel, wobei diese Neigungswinkel sämtlich in Bezug auf eine gemeinsame Axialebene definiert sind. Dieses bedeutet, daß zwei benachbarte Filterscheiben zwischen sich einen Spalt bilden, der sich von einem in dieser Axialebene liegenden Randpunkt der Filterscheiben zu einem diametral gegenüberliegenden Randpunkt derselben Filterscheibe verengt. Die zu beiden Seiten einer Filterscheibe benachbarten Filterscheiben sind somit einander parallel.A variant of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 is in Fig. 6 shown. With her are the filter discs 307o and 307u each at an angle of inclination with respect to the axis of the respective support tube 308o and 308u, respectively with alternating positive and negative angles of inclination, whereby these angles of inclination all with respect to a common one Axial plane are defined. This means that two neighboring ones Filter discs form a gap between them, which is from an edge point of the filter disks lying in this axial plane to a diametrically opposite edge point of the same Filter disc narrowed. The one on both sides of a filter disc neighboring filter disks are thus mutually exclusive parallel.

Die Neigungswinkel können unterschiedlich gewählt sein. Sie sind im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel bei den Filterscheiben 307u, die der Umlaufachse (nicht dargestellt) näher liegen größer, d.h. weichen mehr von der zur Tragrohrachse senkrechten Anordnung ab, als bei den der Umlaufachse weiter entfernten Filterscheiben 307o. Hierdurch wird den unterschiedlichen Radialkompontenten innerhalb der Trübenströmung, die durch die Turbinen (nicht dargestellt) hervorgerufen werden, Rechnung getragen.The angles of inclination can be selected differently. she are in the illustrated embodiment for the filter discs 307u, which are closer to the axis of rotation (not shown) larger, i.e. deviate more from the perpendicular to the support tube axis Arrangement from than the distant from the circumferential axis Filter discs 307o. This will make the different Radial components within the turbid flow caused by the Turbines (not shown) are invoiced carried.

Weiterhin können die Filterelemente einer Untergruppe wie beim Beispiel der Fig. 1 so angeordnet werden, daß die Filterscheiben zweier Filterelemente einander überlappen, wobei die Anordnung so getroffen ist, daß die sich von der Rohrachse gesehen einander annähernden Abschnitte zweiter stromaufwärtigen Filterscheiben der einen Filterkerze in den Zwischenraum zwischen die von der Rohrachse gesehen sich voneinander entfernenden Abschnitte zweier Filterscheiben der benachbarten, stromabwärtigen Filterkerze eintauchen. In Fig. 6 ist dieses sehr anschaulich dargestellt. Es wird hierdurch ein Düseneffekt erzeugt, der Trübe in die Spalte hineinzieht, die die stromabwärtig gelegenen Filterscheiben mit den stromaufwärtig gelegenen Filterscheiben bilden. Stromaufwärtig sind die radial weiter innen angeordneten Filterkerzen, während stromabwärtig die radial weiter außen angeordneten Filterkerzen sind. Furthermore, the filter elements of a subgroup can be used as for Example of Fig. 1 can be arranged so that the filter discs two filter elements overlap each other, the arrangement is taken so that seen from the tube axis mutually approaching sections of second upstream filter disks a filter candle in the space between those seen from the pipe axis that are distant from each other Sections of two filter disks of the neighboring, downstream Immerse the filter candle. In Fig. 6 this is very much illustrated clearly. This creates a nozzle effect generates the turbidity into the crevice that downstream located filter disks with the upstream Form filter discs. Upstream they are radially wider internally arranged filter cartridges, while the downstream filter candles arranged radially further outward.

Die Ausrichtung der Öffnungen, die jeweils zwei Filterscheiben bilden, kann so sein, daß diese in das Umlaufzentrum gerichtet sind, man kann die Ausrichtung aber auch so wählen, daß die durch den Umlauf der Filterlementgruppen um das Umlaufzentrum erzeugte Anströmung mit Trübe in den sich verengenden Spalt zwischen zwei Filterscheiben eintritt, d.h. die Filterscheiben sind gegenüber der zuvor genannten Ausrichtung verdreht. Die Wahl der Einstellung hängt von der Art der jeweiligen Trübe und der dadurch bestimmten Umlaufgeschwindigkeiten der Filterelementgruppen und der Stärke der Pumpströmung ab.The orientation of the openings, each two filter discs form, can be such that these are directed into the circulation center are, but you can also choose the orientation so that the through the circulation of the filter element groups around the circulation center generated inflow with turbidity in the narrowing gap occurs between two filter disks, i.e. the filter discs are twisted in relation to the aforementioned orientation. The Choice of setting depends on the type of turbidity and the circulation speeds of the filter element groups determined thereby and the strength of the pump flow.

Eine andere Variante ist in Fig. 7 dargestellt. Gemäß Fig. 7 sind an einem Tragrohr 508 radial davon wegstehende Halterohre 506 über Verbindungskonsolen 573 befestigt. Auf jedem Halterohr 506 ist ein Paket parallel zueinander angeordneter Filterscheiben 507 befestigt, die nach Art der Filterscheiben der Fig. 3 und 28 ausgeführt sein können. Vergleichbar dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 3 sind diese Filterscheiben 507 auf Abstand gehalten und an dem Halterohr 506 abgedichtet. Die Filterscheiben 507 sind über die Halterohre 506 und Verbindungskonsolen 573 in das Tragrohr 508 entwässert, das seinereits über die Tragstruktur entwässert ist. Ein mittleres Tragrohr rotiert in der Umlaufachse der Tragstruktur, die anderen Tragrohre laufen auf Kreisbahnen um diese Umlaufachse um.Another variant is shown in FIG. 7. 7 are on a support tube 508 radially protruding holding tubes 506 attached via connection brackets 573. On every holding tube 506 is a package of filter disks arranged parallel to one another 507 attached, in the manner of the filter disks of FIG. 3 and 28 can be executed. Comparable to the embodiment 3, these filter disks 507 are at a distance held and sealed to the holding tube 506. The filter discs 507 are over the support tubes 506 and connection brackets 573 drained into the support tube 508, which in turn over the Support structure is drained. A middle support tube rotates in the axis of rotation of the support structure, the other support tubes run on circular orbits around this axis.

Aufgrund der Verbindungskonsolen 573 lassen sich die Halterohre 506 an den Tragrohren 508 so verstellen, daß zwei benachbarte Filterelementpaare, die jeweils aus zwei Paketen Filterscheiben 507 an ihren zugehörigen Halterohren 506 bestehen, im gegenseitigen Abstand verändert werden können. Es ist ferner möglich, die einzelnen Pakete mit gekröpften Füßen und Köpfen zu versehen. Dann können die beiden Pakete eines Paares im gegenseitigen Abstand verstellt werden.Due to the connection brackets 573, the holding tubes can be Adjust 506 on the support tubes 508 so that two neighboring ones Filter element pairs, each consisting of two packets of filter discs 507 exist on their associated support tubes 506, in mutual Distance can be changed. It is also possible to provide the individual packages with cranked feet and heads. Then the two packages of a pair can be in mutual Distance can be adjusted.

Claims (12)

  1. A filtering device, comprising a vessel (4) with at least two filter element groups arranged therein concentrically inside each other and rotating at opposite directions around a common axis of rotation, said filter element groups including filter elements (7o; 7u) which are held by carrying structures (8o; 8u) attached at hollow shafts (9o; 9u) arranged in the axis of rotation, drainage channels from the filter elements (7o; 7u) extending through said hollow shafts, characterised in that each filter element group includes a plurality of subgroups each being formed by at least two filter elements (7o; 7u) each including a carrying tube (308o; 308u) and a packet of filter disks (307o; 307u) attached thereon at mutual distances, the subgroups being each attached on consoles (67) which in turn are mounted on the carrying structures (8o; 8u).
  2. A filter device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the filter disks (307o; 307u) are all parallel to one another.
  3. A filter device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the filter disks (307o; 307u) have longitudinally of the carrying tube (308o; 308u) an alternating positive and negative inclination against a vertical towards a tube axis, wherein two filter disks adjoining a filter disk at both sides are parallel to one another.
  4. A filter device as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the angle enclosed between two filter disks (307o; 307u) is smaller at radially more outwardly arranged filter elements than at radially more inwardly arranged filter elements.
  5. A filter device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the filter elements of a subgroup adjoin each other so closely that the filter disks (307o; 307u) of different filter elements radially overlap one another by keeping a mutual axial spacing.
  6. A filter device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the heads (91) of the filter elements of a subgroup are held in a hollow head console (57), the_head consoles (57) of all subgroups are attached at an annular tube (58; 59), and at least one connection tube (61; 66) is provided which connects the interior of the annular tube (58; 59) with the interior of the hollow shaft (9o; 9u) to establish a fluid connection from the interior of each filter element to the hollow shaft.
  7. A filter device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the filter elements (7o; 7u) each have a screw connector (55) and a mounting stud (50) arranged in the axis of the filter elements (7o; 7u) and each held by angled connecting elements (72, 73).
  8. A filter device as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the filter elements (7o; 7u) are all arranged in parallel to the axis of rotation.
  9. A filter device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that a plurality of circumferentially spaced carrying tubes (508) are fixed to the carrying structure, a plurality of filter elements (506, 507) being attached at each of said carrying tubes and extending normal to the axis of the respective carrying tube.
  10. A filter device as claimed in claim 9, characterised in that the filter elements each comprise a stack of filter disks (507) attached at a holding tube (506) at mutual distances, their filtrate chambers being drained via said holding tube (506) and the carrying tube (508), wherein said holding tube (506) extends normal to said carrying tube (508).
  11. A filter device as claimed in claim 9 or 10, characterised in that the mutual distance of the filter elements (506, 507) is adjustable by turning a cranked connecting tube (573) arranged between each filter element (506, 507) and the carrying tube (508).
  12. A filter device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the consoles (67) are pivotally mounted at said carrying structure (8o, 8u) and fixed thereto in predetermined positions.
EP98107444A 1998-04-23 1998-04-23 Apparatus for separating solids from a slurry Expired - Lifetime EP0951930B1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98107444A EP0951930B1 (en) 1998-04-23 1998-04-23 Apparatus for separating solids from a slurry
DE59811639T DE59811639D1 (en) 1998-04-23 1998-04-23 Plant for the separation of solids from a slurry
AT98107444T ATE270135T1 (en) 1998-04-23 1998-04-23 SYSTEM FOR BURNING SOLID COMPONENTS FROM A MURDY
US09/446,621 US6419842B1 (en) 1998-04-23 1999-04-23 Method and installation for separating solids contents from a pulp
PCT/EP1999/002787 WO1999055441A1 (en) 1998-04-23 1999-04-23 Method and device for separating solid particles from a slurry
AU38227/99A AU745848B2 (en) 1998-04-23 1999-04-23 Method and device for separating solid particles from a slurry

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98107444A EP0951930B1 (en) 1998-04-23 1998-04-23 Apparatus for separating solids from a slurry

Publications (2)

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EP0951930A1 EP0951930A1 (en) 1999-10-27
EP0951930B1 true EP0951930B1 (en) 2004-06-30

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US (1) US6419842B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0951930B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE270135T1 (en)
AU (1) AU745848B2 (en)
DE (1) DE59811639D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1999055441A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
US6419842B1 (en) 2002-07-16
AU745848B2 (en) 2002-04-11
AU3822799A (en) 1999-11-16
EP0951930A1 (en) 1999-10-27
ATE270135T1 (en) 2004-07-15
DE59811639D1 (en) 2004-08-05
WO1999055441A1 (en) 1999-11-04

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