EP0947423A2 - Autonome Beleuchtungseinrichtung am Ende eines Hubschrauberrotorblattes - Google Patents

Autonome Beleuchtungseinrichtung am Ende eines Hubschrauberrotorblattes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0947423A2
EP0947423A2 EP99301653A EP99301653A EP0947423A2 EP 0947423 A2 EP0947423 A2 EP 0947423A2 EP 99301653 A EP99301653 A EP 99301653A EP 99301653 A EP99301653 A EP 99301653A EP 0947423 A2 EP0947423 A2 EP 0947423A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lighting device
light source
blade end
helicopter blade
battery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99301653A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0947423A3 (de
EP0947423B1 (de
Inventor
Zeev Pniel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Technologies (Lasers) Ltd
International Tech Lasers Ltd
Original Assignee
International Technologies (Lasers) Ltd
International Tech Lasers Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Technologies (Lasers) Ltd, International Tech Lasers Ltd filed Critical International Technologies (Lasers) Ltd
Publication of EP0947423A2 publication Critical patent/EP0947423A2/de
Publication of EP0947423A3 publication Critical patent/EP0947423A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0947423B1 publication Critical patent/EP0947423B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D47/00—Equipment not otherwise provided for
    • B64D47/02—Arrangements or adaptations of signal or lighting devices
    • B64D47/06—Arrangements or adaptations of signal or lighting devices for indicating aircraft presence
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
    • H05B47/11—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters by determining the brightness or colour temperature of ambient light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D2203/00—Aircraft or airfield lights using LEDs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lighting device and, more particularly, to an autonomous lighting device for helicopter blade end (tip).
  • a helicopter is an aircraft that is lifted and sustained in the air horizontally by rotating wings or blades turning on vertical axes through power supplied by an engine.
  • Helicopters are used for civil, military and law enforcement applications. Some heavy helicopters are adapted to carry dozens of passengers (e.g., worriers) and their equipment.
  • helicopters fly in a close formation which includes a pair or more of helicopters, under low visibility conditions (e.g., at a dark night), which increases the chances of a collision between closely navigating helicopters.
  • Helicopter blade end lighting systems are known for several years. Such systems include a light source which receives power from the main power source of the aircraft. These prior art systems are controlled by the pilot from the cockpit. As such, these systems are wired both to the cockpit and to the main power source via sliding contacts at the rotor's shaft.
  • an autonomous helicopter blade end lighting device According to the present invention there is provided an autonomous helicopter blade end lighting device.
  • the device comprising a light source being connectable to a helicopter blade end, and a power source being connectable to the helicopter blade end for providing the light source with power for operation.
  • a method of lighting a helicopter blade end comprising the step of attaching an autonomous lighting device to the helicopter blade end, the autonomous lighting device including a light source being connectable to the helicopter blade end, and a power source being connectable to the helicopter blade end for providing the light source with power for operation.
  • the device further comprising a housing connectable to the helicopter blade end, the housing holding the light source and the power source.
  • the power source is a battery.
  • the battery is oriented such that its pointed end faces away from the end of the blade.
  • the battery provides at least three volts and at least 1500 milliampers ⁇ hour.
  • the battery is a lithium battery.
  • the battery is a lithium thionylchloride battery.
  • the power source is a voltage generator (e.g., a dynamo).
  • the voltage generator includes a wind operated turbine.
  • the power source and the light source are resistible to g forces developing at the helicopter blade end when rotated.
  • the power source and the light source are resistible to 1200 g force.
  • the light source is an infrared light source.
  • the infrared light source emits in a wavelength detectable by night vision systems.
  • the infrared light source emits in a wavelength between 750 and 900 nm.
  • the light source is detectable from 300 meters.
  • the light source provides a beam of about 30° in vertical width.
  • the light source is a semiconductor light source.
  • the light source is a light emitting diode.
  • the light emitting diode emits at 750-900 nm.
  • the light source produces light intensity of at least one milliwat, preferably at least 20 milliwat.
  • the device further comprising a background light sensor for limiting the operation of the light source to background light below a predetermined threshold.
  • the background light sensor is resistible to g forces developing at the helicopter blade end when rotated.
  • the background light sensor is a photoresistive sensor.
  • the device further comprising a centrifugal switch for limiting the light source to operate only above a predetermined g force value.
  • the predetermined g force value is 150-200 g .
  • the device further comprising a magnetic field sensitive switch bypassing the centrifugal switch, magnetic field sensitive switch serves for conducting maintenance functionality tests of the light source.
  • the housing includes a hardened molded substance for supporting and protecting the power source against g forces and vibrations.
  • the device further comprising a second light source connectable to the helicopter blade end and receiving power from the power source, the light sources being arranged tail to tail.
  • the device weights less than 100 grams.
  • the present invention successfully addresses the shortcomings of the presently known configurations by providing an autonomous, self powered, helicopter blade end lighting device which operates only when the rotor of the helicopter rotates in the dark. Additional preferred features and advantages of the lighting system according to the present invention will become apparent to one ordinarily skilled in the art from the following descriptions.
  • the present invention is of an autonomous lighting device for helicopter blade end which can be used to render the rotor of the helicopter detectable by a pilot of a second helicopter in a formation. Specifically, the present invention can be used to reduce the chances of a collision between helicopters flying in close formation.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of the relations among the basic components of the lighting device according to the present invention.
  • Figures 2-4 illustrate the basic components of the device according to the present invention, which is referred to hereinbelow as lighting device 20 .
  • lighting device 20 includes a light source 22 .
  • Light source 22 is connectable (either directly or preferably indirectly via a housing as further detailed below) to a helicopter blade end or tip 21 .
  • Device 20 further includes a power source 24 .
  • Power source 24 is connectable (either directly or preferably indirectly via a housing as further detailed below) to the helicopter blade end 21 and provides light source 22 with power for its operation.
  • lighting device 20 further includes a background light sensor 26 .
  • Sensor 26 serves for limiting the operation of light source 22 to background light below a predetermined threshold value, e.g., below 1 - 50 Lux (twilight equals about 10 Lux, deep twilight equals about 10 lux).
  • a predetermined threshold value e.g., below 1 - 50 Lux (twilight equals about 10 Lux, deep twilight equals about 10 lux).
  • Sensor 26 is preferably a photoresistive sensor, which therefore includes a resistor having resistivity which depends on light level to which it is exposed.
  • a suitable sensor is distributed by EG&G (U.S.), Cat. No. VT20N.
  • Sensor 26 is alternatively a photodiode, e.g., a P.I.N photodiode.
  • lighting device 20 further includes a centrifugal switch 28 .
  • Switch 28 serves for limiting light source 22 to operate only above a predetermined g force value, say 150-200 g .
  • source 22 operates only when the motor of the helicopter rotates, typically upon flight, and power is saved.
  • sensor 26 and switch 28 ensure that source 22 operates only when the motor of the helicopter is operated in the dark.
  • a suitable centrifugal switch is distributed by Interia (Switzerland), Cat. No. 6UO-200.
  • lighting device 20 further includes a magnetic field sensitive switch 30 .
  • Switch 30 is implemented such that it bypasses centrifugal switch 28 and serves for conducting maintenance functionality tests of light source 26 .
  • Closing switch 30 is effected by providing a magnet in its proximity.
  • a suitable magnetic field sensitive switch is the REED SWITCH which is distributed by Philips, Cat. No. RI-23AAA.
  • lighting device 20 further includes an electronic control card 32 , i.e., a P.C. board.
  • Card 32 electronically communicates with the other components of device 20 , ensuring their operation as herein described.
  • a suitable card is distributed by International Technologies (Lasers) Ltd. (Israel) Cat. No. ITL473100100.
  • power source 24 is a battery 36 .
  • Battery 36 is preferably oriented such that its pointed end 38 (as opposed to the flat end), which seals battery 36 during its manufacture, faces away from end 21 of the helicopter blade when assembled therein, such that g forces acting on the electrolyte within battery 36 will force the electrolyte away from pointed end 38 , to prevent leakage therefrom of the electrolyte.
  • Battery 36 is preferably engaged within a battery housing 37 which includes a spring 39 positioned away from blade end 21 , such that it serves to maintain the contacts of battery 36 with housing 37 even under the high g forces developing.
  • the spring engaged the pointed end of the battery.
  • battery 36 provides at least three volts (e.g., 3.6 volts) and at least 1500 milliampers ⁇ hour.
  • Battery 36 is preferably a lithium battery, most preferably a lithium thionylchloride battery.
  • a suitable battery is a lithium 3.6 V AA battery, distributed by SAFT (France), Cat. No. LS14500, having a total weight of 15 grams. This battery is adapted to perform under a wide temperature range (-50 °C to +80 °C).
  • power source 24 is a voltage generator (e.g., dynamo) 40 (shown in Figure 7), e.g., capable of transforming mechanical energy into electrical energy.
  • a suitable voltage generator for example, includes a wind operated turbine 42 , which is rotated by wind associated with the rotational rotor action and/or vectorial flight itself.
  • voltage generator 40 includes a vibrateable magnetic element.
  • One ordinarily skilled in the art would know how to devise and implement voltage generator 40 within device 20 .
  • light source 22 is an infrared light source, which emits in a wavelength detectable by night vision systems, e.g., in the near infrared spectral range, say between 750 and 900 nm, preferably 830 nm.
  • An infrared light source is the preferred embodiment for military applications, wherein helicopters flying at night are preferably darkened, such that they are harder to detect and target.
  • the light source may also emit in the visible spectral range (e.g., yellow or red light).
  • light source 22 is detectable from 300 meters, either to the naked eye or when assisted with night vision systems (e.g., AN/AVS-6 - aviator night vision system, Litton, ITT defense (U.S.).
  • night vision systems e.g., AN/AVS-6 - aviator night vision system, Litton, ITT defense (U.S.).
  • Light source 24 is preferably selected and/or implemented such that it provides a vertical lighting angle ⁇ of, say about 30°, preferably between 0° and 30°, wherein 0° is defined as the rotation plane of the helicopter blades.
  • Light source 24 is preferably further selected and/or implemented such that it a horizontal lighting angle ⁇ , which is wide enough to generate a ring of light when the blades are at maximal speed, e.g., 60° (see Figure 5).
  • Light source 24 is preferably a semiconductor light source, most preferably a light emitting diode (LED), which produces light intensity of at least one milliwat, preferably at least 20, 30 or 40 milliwat. Suitable LEDs are distributed by Hitachi (Japan), Cat. No. HLP 20RG or 30RG or 40RG or Model C, 830 nm.
  • LED light emitting diode
  • light source 22 is preferably deployed such that it emits light upwardly and sideways, such that it is not vieable from the ground.
  • a second light source 22 connectable to helicopter blade end 21 and receiving power from power source 24 may be employed in a head to tail configuration with the first light source 22 , such that device 20 is better viewable by other aircrafts.
  • Another option to achieve substantially the same effect is to equip blade end 21 with a reflective surface positioned to reflect some of the light radiation emitted from a single light source in directions from which it is not directly perceived at any given moment.
  • both power source 24 and light source 22 are selected resistible to g forces developing at helicopter blade end 21 when rotated at maximal speed, e.g., 1200 g force.
  • lighting devic e 20 further includes a housing 34 .
  • Housing 34 is connectable to helicopter blade end 21 and serves for holding light source 22 , power source 24 and other components of device 20 , as applicable.
  • Housing 34 preferably includes a cover 48 removably attachable thereto, such that access to power source 24 is allowed, e.g., for easy replacements of source 24 when exhausted.
  • housing 34 is filled with a hardened molded substance 35 (see Figure 3).
  • Substance 35 serves for supporting and protecting power source 24 and other components within housing 34 against g forces and vibrations associated with helicopter rotor operation.
  • Housing 34 is formed with an opening 50 positioned above sensor 26 for allowing sensor 26 to sense the level of background light radiation.
  • Housing 34 is preferably formed with a special protruding habitat 37 which serves for holding and securing light source 22 , such that when device 20 is implemented over blade end 21 , source 22 is elevated and therefore rendered more detectable by other aircrafts.
  • housing 34 is shaped and designed acceptable by a recession 23 formed in blade end 21 , such that the level to which device 20 protrudes from the surface of the blade is minimized, so that the aerodynamic properties of the blade are affected to a minimum degree as possible.
  • Both housing 34 and the blade are provided with screw holes 52 to assist in screwing device 20 and the blade together. Further attachments may, for example, include adhesives resistible to the g forces developing upon rotor rotation. Examples include, but are not limited to, LOCTITE by Loctite Inc., U.S.
  • recession 23 is formed in a cover element 27 which is designed to replace a conventional cover (not shown) of the weights housing typically deployed in helicopter blade ends.
  • the overall weight of device 20 is selected low, e.g., about or below 100 ⁇ 1 grams, such that the functionally of the blade will be minorly affected.
  • FIG. 5 shows a helicopter 60 having a body 62 and a rotor 64 connected via a shaft 65 on top thereto.
  • Rotor 64 includes two blades 66 , one of which is equipped with lighting device 20 .
  • the lighting effect is of a light ring 67 having a radius which is dictated by the distance in which device 20 is implemented with respect to rotor axes 65 .
  • angles ⁇ and ⁇ are selected as described above, light ring 67 is undetectable from the ground.
  • FIG. 6 shows an electric circuit 70 which is suitable for device 20 as described herein with respect to its preferred embodiments.
  • Circuit 70 includes a printed circuit board (PCB) driver, wherein W1 to W8 are connection terminals.
  • Circuit 70 includes a power source S which is preferably a lithium battery of 3.6 volts, a centrifugal switch (marked as SW2 or "G” switch), one or two light emitting diodes ( LED1 and LED2 ), a magnetic field sensitive switch marked as SW1 , photoresistive sensor marked as LDR1 and a transistor Q4 which functions as a current switch.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the negative pole (-) of lithium battery S is connected to circuit 70 via connection W4 , which serves as a common ground for circuit 70 .
  • the positive pole (+) of lithium battery S is connected via terminal W3 to switch SW2 and switch SW1 which are parallel connected normally open switches. When either of switches SW2 or SW1 is closed, current is able to be drawn by consumers LED1 and/or LED2 of circuit 70 .
  • Capacitor C13 functions as a high frequency filter to protect circuit 70 from electrical spikes that may cause improper operation and/or damage.
  • Transistor Q4 , sensor LDR1 and resistor R1 are functioning as a current switch which is sensitive to an ambient light. When sensor LDR1 is exposed to light, its resistance drops and as a result transistor Q4 cannot supply LED1 and/or LED2 with current. Resistors R3 and R4 serve for current adjustment for the operation of LED1 and/or LED2 . It is clear that circuit 70 is not intended to be limiting, rather to serve as a simple example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
EP99301653A 1998-03-06 1999-03-05 Autonome Beleuchtungseinrichtung am Ende eines Hubschrauberrotorblattes Expired - Lifetime EP0947423B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/035,891 US6048172A (en) 1998-03-06 1998-03-06 Autonomous helicopter blade end lighting device
US35891 1998-03-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0947423A2 true EP0947423A2 (de) 1999-10-06
EP0947423A3 EP0947423A3 (de) 2000-01-05
EP0947423B1 EP0947423B1 (de) 2004-05-26

Family

ID=21885400

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99301653A Expired - Lifetime EP0947423B1 (de) 1998-03-06 1999-03-05 Autonome Beleuchtungseinrichtung am Ende eines Hubschrauberrotorblattes

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US6048172A (de)
EP (1) EP0947423B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69917520T2 (de)
IL (1) IL128606A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2205775C1 (ru) * 2002-02-18 2003-06-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Казанский вертолётный завод" Аэронавигационная светосигнальная система вертолёта
DE102004048217A1 (de) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-13 Eurocopter Deutschland Gmbh Luftfahrzeug mit Kabinen-Differenzdruck-Warnsystem
WO2008111932A1 (en) 2007-03-12 2008-09-18 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. Rotor blade visual lights
US7854590B2 (en) 2007-03-12 2010-12-21 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. Rotor blade visual lights
CN106005457A (zh) * 2016-05-06 2016-10-12 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 一种防撞灯安装支架

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US7326435B2 (en) * 2002-07-22 2008-02-05 Defense Holdings, Inc. Method of illuminating a rotary blade by application of a photoluminescent paint
US20050046195A1 (en) * 2003-08-28 2005-03-03 Kousoulis Theodore P. Motor vehicle with wind generator device
US20070009357A1 (en) * 2005-07-05 2007-01-11 Solak David M LED fan clip giving circular light bar during fan operation
US7324016B1 (en) 2005-11-22 2008-01-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Navigational indicating system for rotary wing aircraft
DE202008008517U1 (de) 2008-06-27 2008-08-28 Eurocopter Deutschland Gmbh Energieautarkes Beleuchtungssystem für Rotorblattspitzen, Hubschrauber mit einem derartigen Beleuchtungssystem und Energiesammler dafür
EP2550199B1 (de) 2010-03-23 2014-03-12 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. An einer taumelscheibe montierter permanentmagnet-generator
EP3072813B1 (de) * 2015-03-27 2020-01-15 Goodrich Lighting Systems GmbH Hubschrauberbeleuchtungssystem mit einem schichtmaterial zur anordnung auf einer rotorblattspitze des hubschraubers sowie hubschrauber damit
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US10875664B1 (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-12-29 Hamilton Sunstrand Corporation Propeller tip warning marker light
WO2021010271A1 (ja) * 2019-07-12 2021-01-21 株式会社小糸製作所 航空機用灯具
CN115723956B (zh) * 2022-11-30 2025-08-08 四川沃飞长空科技发展有限公司 照明系统和飞行器
US12221226B2 (en) * 2023-04-06 2025-02-11 Textron Aviation Inc. Contactless power generator for powering lights on a propeller

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2205775C1 (ru) * 2002-02-18 2003-06-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Казанский вертолётный завод" Аэронавигационная светосигнальная система вертолёта
DE102004048217A1 (de) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-13 Eurocopter Deutschland Gmbh Luftfahrzeug mit Kabinen-Differenzdruck-Warnsystem
DE102004048217B4 (de) * 2004-09-30 2007-04-19 Eurocopter Deutschland Gmbh Luftfahrzeug mit Kabinen-Differenzdruck-Warnsystem
US7633409B2 (en) 2004-09-30 2009-12-15 Eurocopter Deutschland Gmbh Aircraft provided with a cabin differential pressure warning system
WO2008111932A1 (en) 2007-03-12 2008-09-18 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. Rotor blade visual lights
US7854590B2 (en) 2007-03-12 2010-12-21 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. Rotor blade visual lights
CN106005457A (zh) * 2016-05-06 2016-10-12 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 一种防撞灯安装支架
CN106005457B (zh) * 2016-05-06 2018-04-10 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 一种防撞灯安装支架

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69917520D1 (de) 2004-07-01
EP0947423A3 (de) 2000-01-05
DE69917520T2 (de) 2005-06-23
IL128606A (en) 2003-09-17
EP0947423B1 (de) 2004-05-26
IL128606A0 (en) 2001-10-31
US6048172A (en) 2000-04-11

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