EP0946760B1 - Method and device for producing silicon-rich foundry iron - Google Patents

Method and device for producing silicon-rich foundry iron Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0946760B1
EP0946760B1 EP97918880A EP97918880A EP0946760B1 EP 0946760 B1 EP0946760 B1 EP 0946760B1 EP 97918880 A EP97918880 A EP 97918880A EP 97918880 A EP97918880 A EP 97918880A EP 0946760 B1 EP0946760 B1 EP 0946760B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
vessel
iron
direct current
sleeve
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP97918880A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0946760A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Hofmann
Wolfgang Reichelt
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SMS Siemag AG
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SMS Demag AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
    • C21B13/023—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces wherein iron or steel is obtained in a molten state
    • C21B13/026—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces wherein iron or steel is obtained in a molten state heated electrically

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing silicon-rich Foundry iron and a direct current furnace with a centrally arranged ins Oven vessel protruding into the vicinity of the bottom and an electrode Counter electrode arranged in the bottom of the furnace vessel for carrying out the Procedure.
  • Silicon-rich foundry iron is an alloy of iron, about 3% carbon and up to 20% silicon. It is melted in foundries, for example at one Silicon content of about 2.5% around centrifugal cast iron pipes for To manufacture water pipes.
  • WO-A-94/10348 relates to the melting of scrap in a direct current furnace with a cathode 21 projecting centrally into the shaft furnace vessel 11 into the vicinity of the base and an anode 22 arranged in the base.
  • the cathode 21 is surrounded by a coaxial tube 31 , whose lower section 34 narrows conically downwards (Fig. 1).
  • Burners are arranged near the bottom of the vessel in order to melt the scrap used with the open flame in addition to the arc on the outer edge of the flat cross section.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a method and a corresponding device create the final alloy with simple means and inexpensively of the silicon-rich foundry iron is melted.
  • the invention achieves this goal by the characterizing features of Process claim 1 and device claim 7.
  • silicon oxides and ferrous carbon metals are proposed in a shaft furnace Ferrous materials such as scrap, sponge iron, briquetted sponge iron etc. and carbonaceous feedstocks to reduce silicon oxides and Charging carburizing, feeding the batch through a ring shaft, doing it to keep in a strongly reducing atmosphere and the radiation heat, especially by a transferring arc to melt.
  • Ferrous materials such as scrap, sponge iron, briquetted sponge iron etc. and carbonaceous feedstocks to reduce silicon oxides and Charging carburizing, feeding the batch through a ring shaft, doing it to keep in a strongly reducing atmosphere and the radiation heat, especially by a transferring arc to melt.
  • the melting process conducted by electrical energy is independent of the electrical conductivity of the feed materials as well as their bed angle. Furthermore, there are no special requirements for the size of the input materials posed. For example, scrap pieces can only be used be limited by the clear width of the ring shaft.
  • the silicon oxides and independently of the normal material column come to this Material feed lances for use or a hollow electrode. This will make it possible, precisely metered amounts of silicon oxide of sufficiently fine grain size in melt as short as possible. This silicon oxide condenses further on relatively cold coal at the top of the shaft. It undergoes a transformation and is melted as the batch sinks further.
  • a downhole furnace is used to carry out the process has an annular shaft, which has a combustion chamber, the under Consideration of the angle of repose of the feed throughout Process is kept free, so that the radiant heat to the material is unhindered can be transferred.
  • the inner shaft is conical, so that the Feedstocks can be guided towards the furnace floor without hindrance.
  • the ring shaft has a size that allows the feed materials to be melted down safely.
  • a closed furnace vessel is used to carry out the method, in which maintains a strongly reducing atmosphere. This will make it possible to safely reduce the silicon oxide.
  • the silicon content of the input materials can be up to 20%.
  • Iron carriers are used: 80% scrap pieces, 10% turnings, 5% tin and 5% iron turnings.
  • the iron carriers mentioned can in a further step by iron ore or Sponge iron to be replaced.
  • a furnace vessel 11 is shown, the furnace bottom 12, in which a bottom opening 13 is provided. Furthermore, the in the furnace vessels shown in the figures have a gas vent 19.
  • the electrode 21 corresponds to a counter electrode 22 provided in the bottom 13.
  • the outer diameter of the sleeve is denoted by d and the inner diameter of the Oven vessel 11 with D,
  • the sleeve surrounding the electrode is closed with a cover 15.
  • the sleeve is conical, wherein it is at an angle ⁇ in Tapered towards the bottom of the furnace.
  • feed means 31 provided, here on the conveyor belt 33, which can be loaded via a lock 32.
  • the sleeve 14 can be displaced vertically by displacement elements 41. Furthermore, a lance 34 is provided in FIG. 2 as material supply means 31 the entry end of which is arranged a lock wheel 35. The lance 34 is also included connected to a pump 36 via which the supplied material can be conveyed pneumatically is.
  • the sleeve 14 is enveloped by a double sleeve 17.
  • the gap between the sleeves 14 and 17 is used as a material feed into which the batch Via conveyor 31, here a conveyor belt 33 is fed, which via a Lock 32 on the belt 33 is conveyable.
  • a pump 36 is still on the feeder connected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a process and apparatus for generating high-silicon foundry pig iron. In the process:a) silicon oxides and iron-carbon metals are charged in a shaft furnace;b) the charge is kept under a highly reducing atmosphere;c) the material column is guided annularly at least in the vicinity of the vessel bottom andd) exposed to the radiation heat of a heat source located in the free space in the outlet region of the annular material column above the furnace base.The furnace has a centrally arranged electrode, which projects into the furnace vessel and is guided up to the vicinity of the base, and a counterelectrode arranged in the base of the furnace vessel. The electrode projecting into the vessel is enclosed by a coaxially guided sleeve whose outer diameter "d" is in a ratio to the inner diameter "D" of the furnace vessel such that d;D is about 1:4. The sleeve mouth is at a distance "a" from the base of the furnace vessel such that 2xd<=a<=4xd.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung von siliziumreichen Gießereiroheisen sowie einen Gleichstromofen mit einer zentrisch angeordneten ins Ofengefäß hineinragenden bis in die Nähe des Bodens geführten Elektrode und eine im Böden des Ofengefäßes angeordnete Gegenelektrode, zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for producing silicon-rich Foundry iron and a direct current furnace with a centrally arranged ins Oven vessel protruding into the vicinity of the bottom and an electrode Counter electrode arranged in the bottom of the furnace vessel for carrying out the Procedure.

Siliziumreiches Gießereiroheisen ist eine Legierung aus Eisen, etwa 3% Kohlenstoff und bis zu 20 % Silizium. Es wird in Gießereien erschmolzen, beispielsweise bei einem Siliziumgehalt von etwa 2,5 % um Schleudergußrohre im wesentlichen für Wasserleitungen herzustellen.Silicon-rich foundry iron is an alloy of iron, about 3% carbon and up to 20% silicon. It is melted in foundries, for example at one Silicon content of about 2.5% around centrifugal cast iron pipes for To manufacture water pipes.

Üblicherweise wird Gießereiroheisen im Kupolofen erschmolzen und dann anschließend durch Zulegieren von Ferrosilizium auf die entsprechende Zusammensetzung eingestellt. Nachteil dieser Verfahrensweise ist der hohe Preis des FeSi.Usually foundry iron is melted in the cupola furnace and then then by alloying ferrosilicon to the corresponding one Composition set. The disadvantage of this procedure is the high price of the FeSi.

Die WO-A-94/10348 betrifft das Schmelzen von Schrott in einem Gleichstromofen mit einer zentral in das Schachtofengefäß 11 bis in die Nähe des Bodens hineinragenden Kathode 21 und einer im Boden angeordneten Anode 22. Die Kathode 21 ist von einem koaxialen Rohr 31 umgeben, dessen unterer Abschnitt 34 sich nach unten konisch verengt (Fig.1).
In der Nähe des Gefäßbodens sind Brenner angeordnet, um zusätzlich zu dem Lichtbogen am Außenrand des ebenen Querschnitts den eingesetzten Schrott mit der offenen Flamme zu schmelzen.WO-A-94/10348 relates to the melting of scrap in a direct current furnace with a cathode 21 projecting centrally into the shaft furnace vessel 11 into the vicinity of the base and an anode 22 arranged in the base. The cathode 21 is surrounded by a coaxial tube 31 , whose lower section 34 narrows conically downwards (Fig. 1).
Burners are arranged near the bottom of the vessel in order to melt the scrap used with the open flame in addition to the arc on the outer edge of the flat cross section.

Ziel der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine dazu entsprechende Vorrichtung zu schaffen, bei der unmittelbar mit einfachen Mitteln und kostengünstig die Endlegierung des Siliziumreichen Gießereiroheisens erschmolzen wird.The aim of the invention is to provide a method and a corresponding device create the final alloy with simple means and inexpensively of the silicon-rich foundry iron is melted.

Die Erfindung erreicht dieses Ziel durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Verfahrensanspruchs 1 und des Vorrichtungsanspruchs 7. The invention achieves this goal by the characterizing features of Process claim 1 and device claim 7.

Erfindungsgemäß wird vorgeschlagen, in einem Schachtofen Siliziumoxide und Eisenkohlenstoffmetalle oder eisenhaltige Einsatzstoffe wie Schrott, Eisenschwamm, brikettierter Eisenschwamm u.s.w. und kohlenstoffhaltige Einsatzstoffe zum Reduzieren der Siliziumoxide und zum Aufkohlen zu chargieren, die Charge durch einen Ringschacht zu führen, sie dabei unter stark reduzierender Atmosphäre zu halten und sie durch die Strahlungswärme, insbesondere durch einen übertragenden Lichtbogen, zu schmelzen.According to the invention, silicon oxides and ferrous carbon metals or are proposed in a shaft furnace Ferrous materials such as scrap, sponge iron, briquetted sponge iron etc. and carbonaceous feedstocks to reduce silicon oxides and Charging carburizing, feeding the batch through a ring shaft, doing it to keep in a strongly reducing atmosphere and the radiation heat, especially by a transferring arc to melt.

Durch das Führen der Einsatzstoffe in einem Ringschacht gelingt es, einen Kontakt zwischen Einsatzmaterialien und Elektrode zu verhindern. Würde es zu einem Kontakt zwischen den elektrisch gut leitenden Einsatzmaterialien wie Schrott, Eisenschwamm, brikettierter Eisenschwamm und Kohle/Koks und der Elektrode kommen, hätte dies einen Kurzschluß zur Folge, und es wäre nicht möglich, die für den Prozeß benötigte elektrische Leistung aufzubringen. Wird eine Elektröde eingesetzt, so gelingt es einmal das Material von dieser Wärmequelle fernzuhalten. Es wird durch den entstandenen Freiraum der Lichtbogen ungehindert zwischen der Graphitelektrode und dem Schmelzbad aufrechterhalten. Durch die abgestrahlte Energie des Lichtbogens werden die durch das Innengefäß zum Ofenrand gedrängten Einsatzstoffe aufgeschmolzen und die für die Reduktion des Siliziumoxids benötigte Energie bereitgestellt.By guiding the feed materials in a ring shaft, contact is made between the feed materials and the electrode. Would it be a contact between the electrically highly conductive feed materials such as scrap, sponge iron, briquetted sponge iron and coal / coke and the electrode would have done this a short circuit and it would not be possible to get the one needed for the process to apply electrical power. If an electrode is used, it succeeds once keep the material away from this heat source. It is created by the Free space for the arc between the graphite electrode and the Maintain melt pool. By the radiated energy of the arc the feed materials pushed through the inner vessel to the edge of the furnace are melted and the energy required for the reduction of the silicon oxide is provided.

Der durch elektrische Energie geführte Schmelzprozeß ist dabei unabhängig von der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit der Einsatzstoffe wie auch von ihrem Schüttungswinkel. Weiterhin werden keine besonderen Anforderungen an die Größe der Einsatzstoffe gestellt. So können beispielsweise Schrottstücke eingesetzt werden, die nur noch durch die lichte Weite des Ringschachtes begrenzt werden.The melting process conducted by electrical energy is independent of the electrical conductivity of the feed materials as well as their bed angle. Furthermore, there are no special requirements for the size of the input materials posed. For example, scrap pieces can only be used be limited by the clear width of the ring shaft.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung wird vorgeschlagen, die Siliziumoxide direkt und unabhängig von der normalen Materialsäule zu führen. Hierzu kommen Materialzuführlanzen zum Einsatz oder auch eine Hohlelektrode. Hierdurch wird es möglich, exakt dosierte Mengen an Siliziumoxid von ausreichend feiner Körnung in möglichst kurzer Zeit aufzuschmelzen. Dieses Siliziumoxid kondensiert an der weiter oben im Schacht befindlichen relativ kalten Kohle. Es erfährt dabei eine Umwandlung und wird beim weiteren Niedersinken der Charge mit aufgeschmolzen.In a further embodiment it is proposed that the silicon oxides and independently of the normal material column. Come to this Material feed lances for use or a hollow electrode. This will make it possible, precisely metered amounts of silicon oxide of sufficiently fine grain size in melt as short as possible. This silicon oxide condenses further on relatively cold coal at the top of the shaft. It undergoes a transformation and is melted as the batch sinks further.

Kommen gesonderte Zuführmittel für das Siliziumoxid nicht zum Einsatz, so wird das gesamte Einsatzmaterial vor dem Einbringen in den Ofen sorgfältig durchmischt. If separate feed means for the silicon oxide are not used, this will be the case Thoroughly mix all of the feed material before placing it in the oven.

Zur Durchführung des Verfahrens kommt ein Niederschachtofen zum Einsatz, der einen Ringschacht aufweist, welcher einen Brennraum besitzt, der unter Berücksichtigung des Schüttwinkels des Einsatzmateriales während des gesamten Prozeßes freigehalten wird, so daß ungehindert die Strahlungswärme auf das Material übertragen werden kann.A downhole furnace is used to carry out the process has an annular shaft, which has a combustion chamber, the under Consideration of the angle of repose of the feed throughout Process is kept free, so that the radiant heat to the material is unhindered can be transferred.

In vorteilhafter Weise ist der innere Schacht konisch ausgeführt, so daß die Einsatzstoffe ohne Behinderung in Richtung Ofenboden führbar sind. Der Ringschacht weist dabei eine Größe auf, die ein sicheres Einschmelzen der Einsatzstoffe erlauben.Advantageously, the inner shaft is conical, so that the Feedstocks can be guided towards the furnace floor without hindrance. The ring shaft has a size that allows the feed materials to be melted down safely.

Zur Durchführung des Verfahrens wird ein geschlossenes Ofengefäß eingesetzt, in dem eine stark reduzierende Atmosphäre aufrechterhalten wird. Hierdurch wird es möglich, das Siliziumoxid sicher zu reduzieren. Der Siliziumgehalt der Einsatzstoffe kann dabei bis zu 20% betragen.A closed furnace vessel is used to carry out the method, in which maintains a strongly reducing atmosphere. This will make it possible to safely reduce the silicon oxide. The silicon content of the input materials can be up to 20%.

Als Eisenträger kommen zum Einsatz: 80 % Schrottstücke, 10 % Drehspäne, 5 % Dosen blech und 5 % Eisen-Drehspäne.Iron carriers are used: 80% scrap pieces, 10% turnings, 5% tin and 5% iron turnings.

Die genannten Eisenträger können in einem weiteren Schritt durch Eisenerz oder Eisenschwamm ersetzt werden.The iron carriers mentioned can in a further step by iron ore or Sponge iron to be replaced.

Ein Beispiel der Erfindung ist in der beigefügten Zeichnung dargelegt. Dabei zeigen die

Figur 1
Das Schema eines mit einer Mittenelektrode versehenen Ofens, der einen ringförmigen, konisch zulaufenden Innenrinnschacht aufweist.
Figur 2
Das Schema eines Schachtofens mit einer Elektrode, die von einer ringförmigen Hülse umgeben ist und eine Materialzuführlanze, die parallel zur Hülse geführt ist.
Figur 3
Eine Materialzuführhülse, die die Schutzhülse für die zentrale Elektrode umhüllt.
An example of the invention is set out in the accompanying drawing. The show
Figure 1
The diagram of a furnace provided with a central electrode, which has an annular, tapered inner gutter shaft.
Figure 2
The diagram of a shaft furnace with an electrode which is surrounded by an annular sleeve and a material feed lance which is guided parallel to the sleeve.
Figure 3
A material feed sleeve that envelops the protective sleeve for the central electrode.

In den Figuren 1 bis 3 ist jeweils ein Ofengefäß 11 dargestellt, das einen Ofenboden 12 aufweist, in dem eine Bodenöffnung 13 vorgesehen ist. Weiterhin besitzen die in den Figuren dargestellten Ofengefäße einen Gasabzug 19. In the figures 1 to 3, a furnace vessel 11 is shown, the furnace bottom 12, in which a bottom opening 13 is provided. Furthermore, the in the furnace vessels shown in the figures have a gas vent 19.

In das Ofengefäß ragt eine Hülse 14, die eine Elektrode 21 umhüllt. Die Elektrode 21 korrespondiert mit einer im Boden 13 vorgesehenen Gegenelektrode 22.A sleeve 14, which surrounds an electrode 21, projects into the furnace vessel. The electrode 21 corresponds to a counter electrode 22 provided in the bottom 13.

Der Außendurchmesser der Hülse ist mit d bezeichnet und der Innendurchmesser des Ofengefäßes 11 mit D,The outer diameter of the sleeve is denoted by d and the inner diameter of the Oven vessel 11 with D,

Die Elektrode umgebende Hülse ist jeweils mit einem Deckel 15 verschlossen.The sleeve surrounding the electrode is closed with a cover 15.

In der Figur 1 ist die Hülse konisch ausgeführt, wobei sie sich unter einem Winkel α in Richtung des Ofenbodens verjüngt. Im Bereich des Ofenkopfes sind Zufuhrmittel 31 vorgesehen, hier an dem Förderband 33, das über eine Schleuse 32 beschickbar ist.In Figure 1, the sleeve is conical, wherein it is at an angle α in Tapered towards the bottom of the furnace. In the area of the furnace head there are feed means 31 provided, here on the conveyor belt 33, which can be loaded via a lock 32.

In der Figur 2 ist die Hülse 14 durch Verschiebeelemente 41 vertikal verschiebbar. Weiterhin ist in der Figur 2 als Materialzufuhrmittel 31 eine Lanze 34 vorgesehen, an deren Eintrittsende ein Schleusenrad 35 angeordnet ist. Weiterhin ist die Lanze 34 mit einer Pumpe 36 verbunden, über die das zugeführte Material pneumatisch förderbar ist.In FIG. 2, the sleeve 14 can be displaced vertically by displacement elements 41. Furthermore, a lance 34 is provided in FIG. 2 as material supply means 31 the entry end of which is arranged a lock wheel 35. The lance 34 is also included connected to a pump 36 via which the supplied material can be conveyed pneumatically is.

In der Figur 3 ist die Hülse 14 von einer Doppelhülse 17 umhüllt. Der Zwischenraum zwischen den Hülsen 14 und 17 wird als Materialzufuhr benutzt, in das die Charge über Zuführmittel 31, hier ein Förderband 33 zugeführt wird, welches über eine Schleuse 32 auf das Band 33 förderbar ist. Darüber hinaus ist noch eine Pumpe 36 an die Zufuhreinrichtung angeschlossen.In Figure 3, the sleeve 14 is enveloped by a double sleeve 17. The gap between the sleeves 14 and 17 is used as a material feed into which the batch Via conveyor 31, here a conveyor belt 33 is fed, which via a Lock 32 on the belt 33 is conveyable. In addition, a pump 36 is still on the feeder connected.

Claims (13)

  1. A process for producing silicon-rich pig iron using iron-, carbon- and silicon-containing feedstock,
    characterised by the following steps:
    a) silicon oxides and iron-carbon metals are loaded into a shaft furnace,
    b) the charge is held in a strongly reducing atmosphere,
    c) the material column is conveyed annularly at least into the vicinity of the vessel bottom and
    d) exposed to the radiant heat from a heat source located in the free space in the mouth area of the annular material column above the furnace bottom.
  2. A process according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the heat source is a transmitting arc.
  3. A process according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the charge comprises the following Fe carriers:
    80 % scrap pieces
    10 % turnings
    5 % tinplate
    5 % iron turnings.
  4. A process according to claim 3,
    characterised in that
    the charge consisting of the Fe carriers scrap pieces, turnings, tinplate and iron turnings is replaced by iron ore.
  5. A process according to claim 3,
    characterised in that
    the charge comprising the Fe carriers scrap pieces, turnings, tinplate and iron turnings is replaced by iron sponge.
  6. A process according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the silicon oxides are conveyed separately from the other feedstock directly into the free space and exposed to the radiant heat.
  7. A direct current furnace with a centrally disposed electrode projecting into the furnace vessel and extending as far as into the vicinity of the bottom and a counter-electrode arranged in the bottom of the furnace vessel, for performing the process according to claim 1, having a lock (32) for supplying the feedstock, wherein the electrode projecting into the vessel is surrounded by a coaxially disposed sleeve, the ratio of the outer diameter (d) of which to the internal diameter (D) of the furnace vessel is d:D = 1:4
    and the mouth of which is spaced from the furnace vessel bottom at the distance (a) as per 2 x d ≤ a ≤ 4 x d.
  8. A direct current furnace according to claim 7,
    characterised in that
    the sleeve exhibits a conical shape tapering in the direction of the furnace bottom at a cone angle α = 4 to 6°.
  9. A direct current furnace according to claim 7,
    characterised in that
    the sleeve may be displaced in the vertical direction in its distance from the vessel bottom.
  10. A direct current furnace according to claim 7,
    characterised in that
    feed means are provided which project as far as the mouth of the sleeve.
  11. A direct current furnace according to claim 10,
    characterised in that
    the feed means are material lances which are connected to a conveying means.
  12. A direct current furnace according to claim 10,
    characterised in that
    the feed means is a tubular jacket which surrounds the sleeve.
  13. A direct current furnace according to claim 7,
    characterised in that
    the electrode projecting into the vessel is a hollow electrode.
EP97918880A 1996-08-02 1997-07-25 Method and device for producing silicon-rich foundry iron Expired - Lifetime EP0946760B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19632403A DE19632403C1 (en) 1996-08-02 1996-08-02 Method and device for producing silicon-rich foundry iron
DE19632403 1996-08-02
PCT/DE1997/001609 WO1998005800A1 (en) 1996-08-02 1997-07-25 Method and device for producing silicon-rich foundry iron

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0946760A1 EP0946760A1 (en) 1999-10-06
EP0946760B1 true EP0946760B1 (en) 2001-08-29

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US (1) US6235075B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0946760B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE204915T1 (en)
AU (1) AU4293997A (en)
BR (1) BR9711010A (en)
CA (1) CA2262490C (en)
CZ (1) CZ34999A3 (en)
DE (2) DE19632403C1 (en)
NO (1) NO323393B1 (en)
PL (1) PL331421A1 (en)
SK (1) SK283573B6 (en)
TW (1) TW461921B (en)
WO (1) WO1998005800A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA976825B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19755890A1 (en) * 1997-12-05 1999-06-17 Mannesmann Ag Feeding device for shaft furnaces
DE10346337B4 (en) * 2003-10-06 2014-06-12 Schott Ag Aggregate, designed as a melting or refining unit, distribution system or gutter system for conductively heated glass melts
DE102004061944A1 (en) * 2004-12-22 2006-07-06 Polysius Ag Treating melt or slag using injection lance, with automatic readjustment of lance dependence on chronological wear to ensure location at constant depth and homogeneous distribution of treating agent

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US3985545A (en) * 1970-09-24 1976-10-12 Sadamu Kinoshita Metal melting method using electric arc furnace
DE2342959B1 (en) * 1973-08-25 1975-02-13 Kloeckner Werke Ag Device for the continuous production of steel from ore
AUPM792594A0 (en) * 1994-09-05 1994-09-29 Illawarra Technology Corporation Limited, The Smelting ferrous materials
DE4236510C2 (en) * 1992-10-26 1996-05-30 Mannesmann Ag Device for melting scrap
US5588982A (en) * 1995-05-01 1996-12-31 Alabama Power Company Process for producing foudry iron

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DE19632403C1 (en) 1998-03-26
NO323393B1 (en) 2007-04-23
SK283573B6 (en) 2003-09-11
BR9711010A (en) 1999-08-17
PL331421A1 (en) 1999-07-19
DE59704480D1 (en) 2001-10-04
ATE204915T1 (en) 2001-09-15
NO990439D0 (en) 1999-01-29
NO990439L (en) 1999-01-29
CZ34999A3 (en) 1999-05-12
CA2262490A1 (en) 1998-02-12
CA2262490C (en) 2008-10-14
TW461921B (en) 2001-11-01
SK12899A3 (en) 1999-07-12
ZA976825B (en) 1998-02-11
EP0946760A1 (en) 1999-10-06
AU4293997A (en) 1998-02-25
WO1998005800A1 (en) 1998-02-12
US6235075B1 (en) 2001-05-22

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