EP0943877A2 - Chauffe-eau sanitaire - Google Patents

Chauffe-eau sanitaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0943877A2
EP0943877A2 EP99650026A EP99650026A EP0943877A2 EP 0943877 A2 EP0943877 A2 EP 0943877A2 EP 99650026 A EP99650026 A EP 99650026A EP 99650026 A EP99650026 A EP 99650026A EP 0943877 A2 EP0943877 A2 EP 0943877A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water heater
domestic
temperature
boiler
domestic water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99650026A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0943877A3 (fr
Inventor
Stephen William John Grant
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alley Enterprises Ltd
Original Assignee
Alley Enterprises Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alley Enterprises Ltd filed Critical Alley Enterprises Ltd
Publication of EP0943877A2 publication Critical patent/EP0943877A2/fr
Publication of EP0943877A3 publication Critical patent/EP0943877A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F24H9/2028—Continuous-flow heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/174—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/215—Temperature of the water before heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/238—Flow rate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/104—Inspection; Diagnosis; Trial operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/395—Information to users, e.g. alarms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a domestic water heater and in particular to an electrically operated domestic water heater.
  • domestic hot water supplies are of three general types.
  • the first is a dedicated hot water supply boiler with or without limited storage, which usually depends on its heating capacity and storage, if available, to provide sufficient hot water to satisfy the maximum demand that is likely to be placed on it, namely the maximum draw-off of water required at a predetermined temperature.
  • the major problem with this type of unit is the cost in providing a separate heating unit simply for water.
  • the second type of water supply usually incorporates a cistern which is either heated directly by electricity or by indirect heating coils from a central heating system.
  • a cistem which is either heated directly by electricity or by indirect heating coils from a central heating system.
  • Combi The final type of domestic hot water supply unit in use is the so-called "Combi" boiler which is a demand draw-off combination central heating and domestic water boiler.
  • These Combi boilers have a relatively small supply of hot water and rely on the boiler itself providing sufficient heat to heat the water as it is drawn-off from the boiler.
  • Combi boilers are often rated in Ireland and the United Kingdom as 80,000 Btu boilers which have an output of 23.4 KW. Such a Combi boiler, hereinafter referred to as conventional Combi boiler as the majority have this output rate, will on a flow rate of 9 litres/minute impart a 35°C temperature rise to the incoming water.
  • the draw off rate usually exceeds 8 litres/minute.
  • the conventional Combi boiler will impart a 39.4°C temperature rise to the water.
  • a Combi boiler will, at draw off rates up to 8 litres/minute, provide hot water at a temperature of 49.4°C and in warmer conditions such as between 15°C and up to 20°C, the temperature of the output of the Combi boiler can be up to 70°C.
  • the flow rate increases to 10 litres/minute, then the heat rise drops to 31.5°C and at 12 litres/minute to 26.25°C.
  • this higher draw off rate is required, then, in very cold conditions, the Combi boiler would only be able to produce water at approximately 36°C which would be unacceptable.
  • the flow rate is of considerable importance.
  • the present invention is directed towards overcoming this problem and in particular towards overcoming the problem of Combi type boiler arrangements, where the rating of the boiler is not sufficient to provide adequate draw-off of water over a relatively long period of time such as 20 minutes or so at the desired temperature.
  • a domestic water heater comprising a water cylinder housing an electrical heating element and including a water inlet port and a water outlet port, characterised in that the heater includes a throughput flow rate measuring device, a water inlet thermometer and control means for causing the electrical heating element to operate when the flow rate exceeds a critical flow rate and the temperature falls below a preset minimum temperature.
  • the advantage of this unit is that when fitted in a domestic hot water supply pipe it will only provide additional heating firstly when there is a throughput through the heater exceeding a preset amount and secondly when the temperature of the water flowing through the heater is below a predetermined level.
  • a domestic water heater according to the invention forms part of a demand draw-off combination domestic heating and domestic water boiler namely a Combi boiler.
  • the unit can be incorporated into any Combi boiler casing and controls and further it is envisaged that the water heater according to the invention may be fitted in a remote position from the boiler and the controls fitted in position for ease of access, such as, for example, near a bathroom.
  • control means includes means for varying the setting of the critical flow rate and/or the critical temperature.
  • the preset minimum temperature is between 42° and 56°C and preferably it is in the order of 45°C.
  • the preset critical temperature increments are between 4°C and 6°C and ideally are approximately 5°C.
  • the critical flow rate is generally of the order of 6 to 10 litres/minute and in most domestic situations ideally 8 litres/minute.
  • a domestic water heater indicated generally by the reference numeral 1 mounted intermediate a hot water supply pipe 2, fed from a main draw-off Combi boiler 3 fed by a water mains feed pipe 3(a). See Fig. 2 which shows a domestic heating system.
  • the water supply pipe 2 will supply taps, etc. at 4.
  • the water heater 1 comprises a housing 5 for water having a water inlet 6 incorporating a throughput flow rate measuring device, namely a flow sensor 7.
  • Mounted within the housing 5 are two sets of electric heating coils 8 and 9 connected by wires 10 (shown by interrupted lines in the drawing) to a control unit 15 which forms a control means for the water heater 1.
  • the control unit 15 is connected by further wires 10 to the flow sensor 7 and also incorporates a water inlet thermometer in the form of a control thermistor 16 mounted in the housing 5.
  • the control unit 15 includes a temperature controller operated by a dial 17 in conventional manner.
  • a further temperature sensing device 18 is provided and will usually be set to operate for example at 90°C to shut-off operation. This acts as a fail safe.
  • the illustrated water heater is a diagrammatic or schematic representation of the boiler and for example the flow sensor and all the units would be incorporated in the one housing.
  • the domestic water heater 1 may be used in various ways.
  • the control unit 15 can be activated so that when the control thermistor 16 senses a temperature in the housing 5 below a predetermined temperature, one of the heating coils, for example the heating coil 8, is activated to bring the temperature in the housing 5 to the desired level. If the heating coil 8 is unable to achieve this, then the second heating coil 9 is brought into operation.
  • the water heater 1 may be operated immediately there is any draw-off of water through the water heater. However, it will only supply heat to the water when the temperature of the water falls below the predetermined level.
  • Table 1 shows the various tests carried on a 90,000 Btu Combi boiler where the supply to the boiler was at 8°C.
  • the first column it will be seen that after 12 minutes or so the water being produced by the boiler was effectively below an acceptable level and was largely useless for domestic use and approximately 200 litres would have been provided to a bath. Then on the 16th minute the 8KW of heating coil was operated and the water immediately increased to 47°C and further hot water was provided for 21 minutes. Then it was switched off and as can be seen, the water from the boiler was again below an acceptable level. It should be noted that the affect in each case of the water heater according to the invention on the water was instantaneous.
  • FIGs. 3 and 4 there is illustrated an altemative construction of domestic water heater according to the present invention, indicated generally by the reference numeral 20 for use with a conventional Combi boiler, namely one having an output of 80,000 Btu's or 23.4 KW.
  • This heater 20 comprises a housing 21 having a display panel 22 and on its exterior a trip switch 23. Water inlet and outlet pipes 24 and 25 are also illustrated.
  • a boiler housing 30 containing three 3 KW heaters (not shown).
  • the water inlet pipe 24 feeds a throughput flow rate measuring device 31 having a flow switch 32. Suitable thermometers are provided as before.
  • a control unit 35 the only feature worth noting is that it contains three sets of relays 36, 37 and 38 respectively, each of which combines a pair of relays for the live and neutral of each of the supplies to each of the 3 KW heaters in the boiler housing 30.
  • the control unit 35 includes thermistors, etc. as before.
  • a limit stat 40 of conventional construction is connected to a valve 41 which incorporates the trip switch 23.
  • the limit stat 40 will operate when the output temperature in the outlet pipe 25 exceeds a predesired temperature such as, for example, 80°C.
  • the motor heater 20 is generally set to operate when the flow rate exceeds 8 litres/minute and the heaters are set to come into operation such that when the temperature reduces to below 54.7°C, the first 3 KW of additional heat are applied; when the temperature falls to 50.5°C, the second heater comes into operation such that there is now a boost of 6 KW; and finally, when the temperature drops to 45.5°C, all three heaters, namely a total of 9 KW of additional heat, are provided to the boiler.
  • the use of one of the three heaters namely, the application of a further 3 KW to the conventional Combi boiler will cause a 5°C rise in the temperature of the water.
  • the temperature rise will be 12.1°C due to the use of the water heater 20 and similarly a flow rate of 12 litres/minute and the additional heating capacity of 9 KW, there is a temperature rise of 10.1°C.
  • the water heater according to the invention may be incorporated into the Combi boiler casings and controls, it may be fitted at the output of the Combi boiler. It may be fitted at water input to the Combi boiler, but this generally would not be the most efficient way of placing it, or, altematively it may be placed totally remote from the Combi boiler in another part of the house adjacent for example bath taps, showers and domestic hot water supplies generally.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
EP99650026A 1998-03-18 1999-03-18 Chauffe-eau sanitaire Withdrawn EP0943877A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IE980192 1998-03-18
IE980192 1998-03-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0943877A2 true EP0943877A2 (fr) 1999-09-22
EP0943877A3 EP0943877A3 (fr) 2000-06-07

Family

ID=11041730

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99650026A Withdrawn EP0943877A3 (fr) 1998-03-18 1999-03-18 Chauffe-eau sanitaire

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0943877A3 (fr)
IE (2) IES990216A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2103882A1 (fr) * 2008-03-20 2009-09-23 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Dispositif de chauffage
EP2489290A1 (fr) * 2011-02-18 2012-08-22 Gruppo Cimbali S.p.A. Système amélioré pour chauffer de l'eau dans une chaudière et procédé correspondant
CN109974307A (zh) * 2019-02-12 2019-07-05 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 热水器、热水器的启动控制装置及方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT294986B (de) * 1970-07-13 1971-12-10 Josef Kaiser Elektrischer Durchlauferhitzer
EP0740113A1 (fr) * 1995-04-24 1996-10-30 Apparatenfabriek Warmtebouw B.V. Chaudière mixte avec performance améliorée
WO1997024014A1 (fr) * 1993-08-30 1997-07-03 White James A Jr Chauffe-eau direct sans reservoir comportant un interrupteur d'ecoulement et un systeme de commande de la chauffe

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT294986B (de) * 1970-07-13 1971-12-10 Josef Kaiser Elektrischer Durchlauferhitzer
WO1997024014A1 (fr) * 1993-08-30 1997-07-03 White James A Jr Chauffe-eau direct sans reservoir comportant un interrupteur d'ecoulement et un systeme de commande de la chauffe
EP0740113A1 (fr) * 1995-04-24 1996-10-30 Apparatenfabriek Warmtebouw B.V. Chaudière mixte avec performance améliorée

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2103882A1 (fr) * 2008-03-20 2009-09-23 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Dispositif de chauffage
EP2489290A1 (fr) * 2011-02-18 2012-08-22 Gruppo Cimbali S.p.A. Système amélioré pour chauffer de l'eau dans une chaudière et procédé correspondant
CN109974307A (zh) * 2019-02-12 2019-07-05 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 热水器、热水器的启动控制装置及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0943877A3 (fr) 2000-06-07
IE990215A1 (en) 1999-09-22
IES81007B2 (en) 1999-09-22
IES990216A2 (en) 1999-09-22

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