EP0935767B1 - Security device for electronic surveillance of articles - Google Patents
Security device for electronic surveillance of articles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0935767B1 EP0935767B1 EP97948832A EP97948832A EP0935767B1 EP 0935767 B1 EP0935767 B1 EP 0935767B1 EP 97948832 A EP97948832 A EP 97948832A EP 97948832 A EP97948832 A EP 97948832A EP 0935767 B1 EP0935767 B1 EP 0935767B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- conductor strips
- security element
- area
- conductor tracks
- layers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
- G08B13/2414—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags
- G08B13/242—Tag deactivation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2428—Tag details
- G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
Definitions
- the invention relates to a securing element of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
- a securing element is known from US-A-4,792,790.
- Securing elements in the form of so-called resonant circuit labels or - Followers are increasingly used in prevention and detection of theft used in department stores and warehouses.
- the surveillance goes as follows: the resonant circuits are replaced by a magnetic one Alternating field in the query zone in the entrance and exit area of the device to be monitored to send a characteristic Detection signal excited. Once the surveillance system receives the detection signal registered, an alarm is triggered.
- the securing elements are deactivated once the secured goods are properly purchased from a customer has been.
- the method of supplying one has proven itself here correspondingly high energy pulse, a short circuit between the two layers to produce conductor tracks through the dielectric layer.
- each of the layers of conductor tracks consists of one Variety of turns.
- the two layers of conductor tracks are over one dielectric film connected together, the has a substantially constant thickness over the entire surface of the layers.
- the securing element is also deactivated here by the feed a sufficiently high energy pulse.
- a short circuit is preferred several places of the securing element and is - statistically seen - evenly over the entire area of the layers of the overlapping Distributed conductor tracks.
- US-A-5 241 299 describes a resonance frequency fuse element consisting of a coil and arranged on both sides of a continuous electrical film Capacitor plates.
- This known securing element has two overlapping ones Layers of rectangular conductor tracks.
- US-A-4 792 790 describes a securing element in which the application of a deactivation signal is not provided, so that no reference to there is the problem of reactivating a fuse element.
- US-A-4 818 312 describes a method of making electronic labels.
- this method uses two coils of a label using laser energy welded together in a selected area. Is between the two coils as in the case of US-A-5 241 299, a continuous dielectric sheet material arranged that affects the flexibility of the label and special measures for the Deactivation of the label requires.
- the object of the invention is to propose a securing element, which reduces the risk of reactivation after deactivation.
- the deactivation takes place via one of the conductor tracks interconnecting dielectric adhesive layer, specifically on the production-related Weaknesses of the same.
- the interconnects are only connected to each other by the dielectric adhesive layer, it is So, in contrast to the prior art, not yet additional between the conductor tracks a dielectric film or the like is present.
- the strength of the two layers in the area the overlapping conductor tracks therefore requires that in the event of mechanical stress a bend in the traces occurs in areas that are in direct extension to the conductor-free areas between the turns of the conductor tracks. This In contrast to the prior art, there is therefore no bending between the conductor tracks additionally affects existing foils.
- both layers have essentially the same dimensions, one of the layers with respect to the another position is folded and turned by 180 °. Target bending points are more pronounced through this configuration.
- the two conductor tracks are identical, but in opposite directions Directions wrapped.
- the securing element according to the invention also offers additional advantages. Due to the relatively large width of the conductor tracks and the small The number of turns of conductor tracks can be used to manufacture the material simplify and is therefore cheaper. There is an additional advantage from the fact that the larger width of the conductor tracks has a reduced impedance and thus a higher Q factor of the resonant circuit causes Da a higher Q factor means that the sharpness of the resonance signal is better According to the invention, the detection rate can also be pronounced improve.
- the portion of the surface of the conductor tracks, which are bent in the case of mechanical stress, maximum 10% the total area of the conductor tracks is as stated above, is one Reactivation is all the more improbable, the smaller the bending area of the two layers of conductor tracks is.
- a cost-effective design that facilitates manufacturing Fuse element according to the invention provides that the conductor tracks Aluminum, especially one with a dielectric coating provided aluminum foil, are manufactured.
- a favorable embodiment of the fuse element according to the invention provides that the two conductor tracks are designed in this way and are electrically connected to one another in a region in which the voltage existing between the conductor tracks is zero or at least reaches a minimum.
- the securing elements usually carry a paper label which is printed with the corresponding information for the purpose of price and or product labeling in a printer, for example a laser printer.
- the electrical connection of the conductor tracks ensures that the fuse elements are not changed in their physical properties by the direct voltages occurring in the laser printer. In particular, this configuration prevents the securing elements from being inadvertently deactivated during printing.
- the two conductor tracks exactly at this optimal point connect. It is therefore provided in an alternative embodiment that the two conductor tracks have several electrical connections in the area which So the area has a larger extent. The conductor tracks are therefore one longer distance shorted, creating a safe electrical connection is created with little resistance between the conductor tracks.
- the two conductor tracks are advantageously in one of their end regions interconnected, what is seen in terms of circuitry Series connection of the inductances of the two conductor tracks results.
- the electrical connection between the two conductor tracks can be produced inexpensively by pressurizing one or more times, for example by means of a stamping device, the stamping device possibly still being able to be heated.
- Another way of achieving a reliable electrical connection between the two spiral conductor tracks is to punch holes through the two opposite conductor tracks.
- An alternative proposes a so-called crimping process, in which a toothed, heatable stamp is pressed onto the two layers to be connected.
- the dielectric layer is removed in the corresponding area or areas by mechanical or chemical means.
- Securing element this is used at the same time to identify the secured Article used.
- an integrated circuit is provided, which with the Fuse element is electrically connected. It has proven to be very cheap highlighted when the electrically conductive connection through one or repeated pressurization with or without heat or through Punching is reached.
- everyone is already aforementioned options for contacting the two conductor tracks also for contacting between integrated circuit and fuse element applicable.
- a data carrier with an integrated circuit is already out EP 0 682 321 A2.
- Fig. 1 shows an exploded view of the invention Fuse element 1.
- the fuse element 1 consists of a lower layer 2 of conductor tracks 4 and an upper layer 3 of conductor tracks 5. Both layers 2, 3 are almost identical in terms of their dimensions, but they are in the already described previously twisted to each other. It is also possible that the width of the two layers (2, 3) of conductor tracks (4, 5) deviates from each other.
- the securing element 1 As shown in Fig. 1 by hatching, the securing element 1 according to the invention a bending under mechanical Stress preferred in areas 21, 31 which are in direct extension to the areas of the fuse element 1 which are free of conductor tracks. With that by bending the securing element only the hatched areas 21 and 31 of the Layers 2, 3 influenced by conductor tracks 4, 5. The sum of the corresponding Area areas is small compared to the total area of the overlapping Conductor tracks 4, 5. Considering that the probability of deactivation over the total area of the overlapping layers 2, 3 of the conductor tracks 4.5 is the same size is, only a small fraction of securing elements 1 becomes one Short circuit in the hatched areas 21, 31. Only at this minor Fraction of securing elements 1 from now on there is still the risk of Reactivation under mechanical stress.
- Fig. 2 illustrates the different the voltage potentials in different areas of the two overlapping conductor tracks 4; 5 about the length of which occurs during electromagnetic induction.
- the dielectric layer 9 is not uniformly thick or has defects, e.g. Contains air bubbles. Both irregularities are the result of Manufacturing defects. Such manufacturing defects can local vulnerabilities and due to air pockets, even holes in the dielectric layer 9 cause. The dielectric layer 9 breaks when the Deactivation signal therefore also at these local weak spots together, although here the voltage potential is sometimes much lower than in the End regions of the two conductor tracks 4; 5th
- FIG. 3 shows an advantageous first embodiment of the invention Fuse element 1 in plan view.
- the lower conductor track 5 is only partially visible and drawn in dashed lines.
- the two conductor tracks 4; 5 electrically connected to one another in a region 7 which is designed in a punctiform manner.
- the voltage potential is zero or at least reaches a minimum. This leaves effectively avoid that the securing element 1 when creating a external DC voltage, e.g. when printing on the Securing element 1 attached paper labels in a printer, occurs in particular in a laser printer, is inadvertently deactivated.
- the fuse element 1 described in FIG. 3 only delivers one excellent detection rate as well as best deactivation results if the electrical connection lies exactly in the area 7 in which the Voltage potential between the two conductor tracks 4; 5 becomes zero. At a Such security element 1 are consequently the highest demands on the To provide manufacturing quality.
- the electrical connection is only a little bit outside the optimal range 7, the Q factor and the deteriorate Resonance amplitude of the security element 1 - ultimately the detection rate the securing element 1.
- the advantageous second embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 4 Fuse element 1 eliminates this disadvantage.
- the punctiform electrical connection between the two conductor tracks 4; 5 by several electrical connections located along area 8 are replaced.
- This electrical connection is therefore much safer than the connection in a punctiform area 7 and is very unlikely to pass through mechanical stress on the securing element 1 is broken.
- the electrical connection leads to a Series connection of inductors of upper and lower spiral Conductor 4, 5.
- the fuse element 1 shown in this example has only one turn by the way. This is designed so wide that target bending points lie in areas 21 ', 31' in which only one of the conductor tracks 4; 5 runs.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Sicherungselement der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Art. Ein solches sicherungselement ist aus der US-A-4 792 790 bekannt.The invention relates to a securing element of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1. Such a securing element is known from US-A-4,792,790.
Sicherungselemente in Form sog. Resonanzschwingkreis-Etiketten oder -Anhänger werden in zunehmendem Maße bei der Prävention und Erkennung von Diebstählen in Kaufhäusern und Lagern eingesetzt. Die Überwachung geht folgendermaßen vor sich: die Resonanzschwingkreise werden durch ein magnetisches Wechselfeld in der Abfragezone im Eingangs- und Ausgangsbereich der zu überwachenden Einrichtung zur Aussendung eines charakteristischen Erkennungssignals angeregt. Sobald das Überwachungssystem das Erkennungssignal registriert, wird ein Alarm ausgelöst.Securing elements in the form of so-called resonant circuit labels or - Followers are increasingly used in prevention and detection of theft used in department stores and warehouses. The surveillance goes as follows: the resonant circuits are replaced by a magnetic one Alternating field in the query zone in the entrance and exit area of the device to be monitored to send a characteristic Detection signal excited. Once the surveillance system receives the detection signal registered, an alarm is triggered.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Sicherungselemente deaktiviert werden können, sobald die gesicherte Ware von einem Kunden ordnungsgemäß gekauft worden ist. Bewährt hat sich hierbei die Methode, über die Zufuhr eines entsprechend hohen Energiepulses einen Kurzschluß zwischen den beiden Lagen von Leiterbahnen durch die dielektrische Schicht hindurch zu erzeugen. It is particularly advantageous if the securing elements are deactivated once the secured goods are properly purchased from a customer has been. The method of supplying one has proven itself here correspondingly high energy pulse, a short circuit between the two layers to produce conductor tracks through the dielectric layer.
Ein deaktivierbares Sicherungselement sowie ein entsprechendes Herstellungsverfahren sind bereits aus der EP 0 665 705 A2 bekannt geworden. Jede der Lagen von Leiterbahnen besteht bei der bekannten Lösung aus einer Vielzahl von Windungen. Die beiden Lagen von Leiterbahnen sind über eine dielektrische Folie miteinander verbunden, die über die gesamte Fläche der Lagen eine im wesentlichen konstante Dicke hat.A security element that can be deactivated and a corresponding one Manufacturing processes have already been disclosed in EP 0 665 705 A2. In the known solution, each of the layers of conductor tracks consists of one Variety of turns. The two layers of conductor tracks are over one dielectric film connected together, the has a substantially constant thickness over the entire surface of the layers.
Eine Deaktivierung des Sicherungselementes erfolgt auch hier durch die Zufuhr eines ausreichend hohen Energiepulses. Ein Kurzschluß tritt vorzugsweise an mehreren Stellen des Sicherungselementes und ist - statistisch gesehen - gleichmäßig über die gesamte Fläche der Lagen der einander überlappenden Leiterbahnen verteilt.The securing element is also deactivated here by the feed a sufficiently high energy pulse. A short circuit is preferred several places of the securing element and is - statistically seen - evenly over the entire area of the layers of the overlapping Distributed conductor tracks.
Obwohl sich der oben beschriebene Resonanzschwingkreis problemlos und sicher deaktivieren läßt, besteht Gefahr, daß er durch mechanische Beanspruchung, insbesondere durch Verbiegen oder Verdrillen, reaktiviert wird - der Kurzschluß ist also durch die mechanische Beanspruchung wieder rückgängig zu machen. Reaktivierung ist ein in hohem Maße unerwünschter Effekt.Although the resonant circuit described above is easy and can safely deactivate, there is a risk that it by mechanical Stress, especially by bending or twisting, is reactivated - the short circuit is therefore reversed due to the mechanical stress close. Reactivation is a highly undesirable effect.
Die US-A-5 241 299 beschreibt ein Resonanzfrequenz-Sicherungselement, bestehend aus einer Spule und aus zwei zu beiden Seiten einer durchgehenden elektrischen Folie angeordneten Kondensatorbelägen. Dieses bekannte Sicherungselement hat zwei überlappend angeordnete Lagen von rechteckförmigen Leiterbahnen.US-A-5 241 299 describes a resonance frequency fuse element consisting of a coil and arranged on both sides of a continuous electrical film Capacitor plates. This known securing element has two overlapping ones Layers of rectangular conductor tracks.
Die eingangs bereits erwähnte US-A-4 792 790 beschreibt ein Sicherungselement, bei dem das Anlegen eines Deaktivierungssignals nicht vorgesehen ist, so daß keinerlei Bezug zu dem Problem der Reaktivierbarkeit eines Sicherungselementes besteht.The above-mentioned US-A-4 792 790 describes a securing element in which the application of a deactivation signal is not provided, so that no reference to there is the problem of reactivating a fuse element.
Die US-A-4 818 312 beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von elektronischen Etiketten. Insbesondere werden bei diesem Verfahren zwei Spulen eines Etiketts mittels Laserenergie in einem ausgewählten Bereich miteinander verschweißt. Zwischen den beiden Spulen ist ebenso wie im Falle der US-A-5 241 299 ein durchgehendes dielektrisches Folienmaterial angeordnet, das die Biegsamkeit des Etiketts beeinflußt und besondere Maßnahmen für die Deaktivierung des Etiketts verlangt.US-A-4 818 312 describes a method of making electronic labels. In particular, this method uses two coils of a label using laser energy welded together in a selected area. Is between the two coils as in the case of US-A-5 241 299, a continuous dielectric sheet material arranged that affects the flexibility of the label and special measures for the Deactivation of the label requires.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Sicherungselement vorzuschlagen, das das Risiko einer Reaktivierung nach erfolgter Deaktivierung herabsetzt.The object of the invention is to propose a securing element, which reduces the risk of reactivation after deactivation.
Die Aufgabe wird bei einem Sicherungselement der eingangs genannten Art mit den im kennzeichnenden Teil des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung bilden die Gegenstände der abhängigen Ansprüche.The task is performed with a security element of the type mentioned in the characterizing part of the independent claim 1 specified features. Advantageous refinements of the invention form the subject of the dependent claims.
Bei dem Sicherungselement nach der Erfindung erfolgt die Deaktivierung über eine die Leiterbahnen miteinander verbindende dielektrische Klebeschicht, und zwar an den fertigungsbedingten Schwachstellen derselben. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungselement sind die Leiterbahnen lediglich durch die dielektrische Klebeschicht miteinander verbunden, es ist also, im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik, zwischen den Leiterbahnen nicht noch zusätzlich eine dielektrische Folie od. dgl. vorhanden. Die Festigkeit der beiden Lagen im Bereich der überlappenden Leiterbahnen bedingt deshalb, daß im Falle einer mechanischen Beanspruchung ein Verbiegen der Leiterbahnen in Bereichen auftritt, die in direkter Verlängerung zu den leiterbahnfreien Bereichen zwischen den Windungen der Leiterbahnen liegen. Dieses Verbiegen wird somit, im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik, durch keine zwischen den Leiterbahnen zusätzlich vorhandene Folien beeinflußt.In the securing element according to the invention, the deactivation takes place via one of the conductor tracks interconnecting dielectric adhesive layer, specifically on the production-related Weaknesses of the same. In the fuse element according to the invention the interconnects are only connected to each other by the dielectric adhesive layer, it is So, in contrast to the prior art, not yet additional between the conductor tracks a dielectric film or the like is present. The strength of the two layers in the area the overlapping conductor tracks therefore requires that in the event of mechanical stress a bend in the traces occurs in areas that are in direct extension to the conductor-free areas between the turns of the conductor tracks. This In contrast to the prior art, there is therefore no bending between the conductor tracks additionally affects existing foils.
Zum Miteinander verbinden der Leiterbahnen des Sicherungselementes mittels einer dielektrischen Klebeschicht kann zumindest eine der beiden Leiterbahnen mit der dielektrischen Klebeschicht kaschiert sein.To connect the Conductor tracks of the fuse element by means of a dielectric adhesive layer at least one of the two conductor tracks with the dielectric Adhesive layer must be laminated.
Wie bereits an vorhergehender Stelle beschrieben, ist bei dem aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt gewordenen Sicherungselement die Wahrscheinlichkeit, daß ein Kurzschluß auftritt, über den gesamten überlappenden Flächenbereich der beiden Lagen von Leiterbahnen gleich groß. Da durch eine mechanische Beanspruchung ein beliebiger Bereich des Sicherungselementes verbogen oder verdrillt wird, ist konsequenterweise auch die Wahrscheinlichkeit entsprechend groß, daß ein sich zufällig in dem Bereich befindlicher Kurzschluß rückgängig gemacht wird. As already described in the previous section, in the case of the prior art Technology known fuse element the probability that a Short circuit occurs over the entire overlapping area of the two Layers of conductor tracks are the same size. Because of mechanical stress any area of the securing element is bent or twisted consequently, the likelihood that a accidentally reversing the short located in the area.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung des Sicherungselementes ist die Gefahr, daß das Sicherungselement durch mechanische Beanspruchung des Sicherungselements reaktiviert wird, von vorneherein auf einen relativ geringen Prozentsatz der Gesamtfläche der überlappenden Lagen von Leiterbahnen beschränkt. Eine Reaktivierung wird hier also nur möglich sein, wenn sich zufälligerweise gerade in dem eng begrenzten Verbiegebereich die Kurzschlußstelle befindet. Hierdurch wird das Risiko einer ungewollten Reaktivierung eines Sicherungselementes natürlich erheblich herabgesetzt.In the design of the securing element according to the invention, there is the risk that the securing element due to mechanical stress on the Security element is reactivated from the outset to a relatively low Percentage of the total area of the overlapping layers of conductor tracks limited. A reactivation will only be possible here if coincidentally, especially in the narrowly limited bending area Short circuit point is located. This increases the risk of an unwanted Reactivation of a security element is of course significantly reduced.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungselement besitzen die Leiterbahnen beider Lagen im wesentlichen gleiche Abmessungen, wobei eine der Lagen bezüglich der anderen Lage umgeklappt und um 180° gedreht ist. Soll-Biegestellen werden durch diese Ausgestaltung stärker ausgeprägt. Insbesondere sind die beiden Leiterbahnen identisch, aber in entgegengesetzte Richtungen gewickelt.In the inventive The conductor tracks have a securing element both layers have essentially the same dimensions, one of the layers with respect to the another position is folded and turned by 180 °. Target bending points are more pronounced through this configuration. In particular, the two conductor tracks are identical, but in opposite directions Directions wrapped.
Das erfindungsgemäße Sicherungselement bietet darüber hinaus auch noch weitere Vorteile. Durch die relativ große Breite der Leiterbahnen und die geringe Anzahl der Windungen von Leiterbahnen läßt sich die Fertigung wesentlich vereinfachen und ist damit kostengünstiger. Ein zusätzlicher Vorteil ergibt sich daraus, daß die größere Breite der Leiterbahnen eine verminderte Impedanz und damit einen höheren Q-Faktor des Resonanzschwingkreises bedingt Da ein höherer Q-Faktor bedeutet, daß die Schärfe des Resonanzsignals besser ausgeprägt ist, läßt sich erfindungsgemäß auch noch die Detektionsrate verbessern.The securing element according to the invention also offers additional advantages. Due to the relatively large width of the conductor tracks and the small The number of turns of conductor tracks can be used to manufacture the material simplify and is therefore cheaper. There is an additional advantage from the fact that the larger width of the conductor tracks has a reduced impedance and thus a higher Q factor of the resonant circuit causes Da a higher Q factor means that the sharpness of the resonance signal is better According to the invention, the detection rate can also be pronounced improve.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungselementes ist vorgesehen, daß der Anteil der Fläche der Leiterbahnen, die im Falle einer mechanischen Beanspruchung gebogen werden, maximal 10% der Gesamtfläche der Leiterbahnen beträgt Wie bereits oben ausgeführt, ist eine Reaktivierung um so unwahrscheinlicher, je geringer der Verbiegebereich der beiden Lagen von Leiterbahnen Ist.According to an advantageous development of the invention It is provided that the portion of the surface of the conductor tracks, which are bent in the case of mechanical stress, maximum 10% the total area of the conductor tracks is as stated above, is one Reactivation is all the more improbable, the smaller the bending area of the two layers of conductor tracks is.
Als günstig hat es sich herausgestellt, daß die Leiterbahnen in vorgegebenen Abschnitten eine größere Breite aufweisen. Die Stabilität des Sicherungselementes läßt sich hierdurch weiter erhöhen.It has proven to be favorable that the conductor tracks are given in predetermined Sections have a larger width. This further increases the stability of the securing element.
Eine kostengünstige und die Fertigung erleichternde Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungselementes sieht vor, daß die Leiterbahnen aus Aluminium, insbesondere aus einer mit einer dielektrischen Beschichtung versehenen Aluminiumfolie, gefertigt sind. A cost-effective design that facilitates manufacturing Fuse element according to the invention provides that the conductor tracks Aluminum, especially one with a dielectric coating provided aluminum foil, are manufactured.
Eine günstige Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungselements
sieht vor, daß die beiden Leiterbahnen derart ausgebildet sind und in einem
Bereich elektrisch miteinander verbunden sind, in dem die zwischen den
Leiterbahnen bestehende Spannung Null ist oder zumindest ein Minimum erreicht.
Üblicherweise tragen die Sicherungselemente ein Papieretikett, das zwecks Preisund
oder Produktauszeichnung in eine Drucker, z.B. einem Laserdrucker, mit der
entsprechenden Information bedruckt wird. Durch die elektrische Verbindung der
Leiterbahnen wird erreicht, daß die Sicherungselemente nicht durch die im
Laserdrucker auftretenden Gleichspannungen in ihren physikalischen
Eigenschaften verändert werden. Insbesondere läßt sich durch diese
Ausgestaltung vermeiden, daß die Sicherungselemente während des Bedruckens
unbeabsichtigt deaktiviert werden.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist zur Vermeidung einer
unbeabsichtigten Deaktivierung des Sicherungselements vorgesehen, daß in dem
Bereich die Leiterbahnen eine punktförmige Verbindung haben, die dort zu liegen kommt, wo die zwischen
den Leiterbahnen herrschende Spannung Null ist.A favorable embodiment of the fuse element according to the invention provides that the two conductor tracks are designed in this way and are electrically connected to one another in a region in which the voltage existing between the conductor tracks is zero or at least reaches a minimum. The securing elements usually carry a paper label which is printed with the corresponding information for the purpose of price and or product labeling in a printer, for example a laser printer. The electrical connection of the conductor tracks ensures that the fuse elements are not changed in their physical properties by the direct voltages occurring in the laser printer. In particular, this configuration prevents the securing elements from being inadvertently deactivated during printing.
According to an advantageous embodiment, in order to avoid inadvertent deactivation of the securing element, it is provided that in the area the conductor tracks have a punctiform connection that comes to lie where the voltage between the conductor tracks is zero.
Oftmals ist es jedoch infolge von auftretenden Toleranzen bei der Fertigung problematisch, die beiden Leiterbahnen exakt an dieser optimalen Stelle zu verbinden. Daher ist in einer alternativen Ausgestaltung vorgesehen, daß die beiden Leiterbahnen in dem Bereich mehrere elektrische Verbindungen haben, der Bereich also eine größere Ausdehnung hat. Die Leiterbahnen werden also über eine größere Strecke kurzgeschlossen, wodurch eine sichere elektrische Verbindung mit geringem Widerstand zwischen den Leiterbahnen geschaffen wird. Vorteilhafterweise sind die beiden Leiterbahnen in einem ihrer Endbereiche miteinander verbunden, was schaltungstechnisch gesehen in einer Reihenschaltung der Induktivitäten der beiden Leiterbahnen resultiert. However, it is often due to tolerances that occur during production problematic, the two conductor tracks exactly at this optimal point connect. It is therefore provided in an alternative embodiment that the two conductor tracks have several electrical connections in the area which So the area has a larger extent. The conductor tracks are therefore one longer distance shorted, creating a safe electrical connection is created with little resistance between the conductor tracks. The two conductor tracks are advantageously in one of their end regions interconnected, what is seen in terms of circuitry Series connection of the inductances of the two conductor tracks results.
Kostengünstig läßt sich die elektrische Verbindung zwischen den beiden
Leiterbahnen übrigens durch ein- bzw. mehrmalige Druckbeaufschlagung, z.B.
mittels einer Stempelvorrichtung, herstellen, wobei die Stempelvorrichtung
eventuell noch beheizt werden kann. Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Erreichung
einer verläßlichen elektrischen Verbindung zwischen den beiden spiralförmigen
Leiterbahnen besteht darin, Löcher durch die beiden gegenüberliegenden
Leiterbahnen zu stanzen.
Eine Alternative schlägt einen sogenannten Crimp-Prozeß vor, wobei ein mit
Zähnen versehener, aufheizbarer Stempel auf die beiden zu verbindenden Lagen
gedrückt wird. Als weitere Möglichkeit, eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen den
beiden Leiterbahnen herzustellen wird folgendes vorgeschlagen: die dielektrische
Schicht wird in dem bzw. den entsprechenden Bereichen auf mechanischem oder
chemischem Wege entfernt.
Darüber hinaus ist es möglich, die beiden Leiterbahnen entsprechend den zuvor
beschriebenen Möglichkeiten zu behandeln, bevor sie zusammengefügt werden.Incidentally, the electrical connection between the two conductor tracks can be produced inexpensively by pressurizing one or more times, for example by means of a stamping device, the stamping device possibly still being able to be heated. Another way of achieving a reliable electrical connection between the two spiral conductor tracks is to punch holes through the two opposite conductor tracks.
An alternative proposes a so-called crimping process, in which a toothed, heatable stamp is pressed onto the two layers to be connected. As a further possibility of establishing an electrical connection between the two conductor tracks, the following is proposed: the dielectric layer is removed in the corresponding area or areas by mechanical or chemical means.
In addition, it is possible to treat the two conductor tracks in accordance with the previously described options before they are joined together.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungselements wird dies gleichzeitig zur Identifizierung des gesicherten Artikels verwendet. Hierzu ist ein integrierter Schaltkreis vorgesehen, der mit dem Sicherungselement elektrisch leitend verbunden ist. Es hat sich als sehr günstig herausgestellt, wenn die elektrisch leitende Verbindung durch ein oder mehrmalige Druckbeaufschlagung mit oder ohne Wärmezufuhr oder durch Durchstanzen erreicht ist. Allgemein gesprochen, sind alle bereits zuvorgenannten Möglichkeiten zur Kontaktierung der beiden Leiterbahnen auch zur Kontaktierung zwischen integriertem Schaltkreis und Sicherungselement anwendbar. Ein Datenträger mit integriertem Schaltkreis ist übrigens bereits aus der EP 0 682 321 A2 bekannt geworden.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention Securing element this is used at the same time to identify the secured Article used. For this purpose, an integrated circuit is provided, which with the Fuse element is electrically connected. It has proven to be very cheap highlighted when the electrically conductive connection through one or repeated pressurization with or without heat or through Punching is reached. Generally speaking, everyone is already aforementioned options for contacting the two conductor tracks also for contacting between integrated circuit and fuse element applicable. Incidentally, a data carrier with an integrated circuit is already out EP 0 682 321 A2.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der nachfolgenden Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigt:
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Explosionsdarstellung des erfindungsgemäßen
Sicherungselements 1. Das Sicherungselement 1 besteht aus einer unteren Lage
2 von Leiterbahnen 4 und einer oberen Lage 3 von Leiterbahnen 5. Beide Lagen
2, 3 sind bezüglich ihrer Abmessungen nahezu identisch, jedoch sind sie in der
bereits zuvor beschriebenen Art und Weise zueinander verdreht. Es ist auch
möglich, daß die Breite der beiden Lagen (2, 3) von Leiterbahnen (4, 5)
voneinander abweicht.Fig. 1 shows an exploded view of the invention
Fuse element 1. The fuse element 1 consists of a lower layer
2 of conductor tracks 4 and an
Wie in Fig.1 durch Schraffierungen verdeutlicht, erfolgt bei dem
erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungselement 1 ein Verbiegen unter mechanischer
Beanspruchung bevorzugt in Bereichen 21, 31, die in direkter Verlängerung zu den
leiterbahnfreien Bereichen des Sicherungselementes 1 liegen. Damit werden
durch Verbiegen des Sicherungselementes lediglich die schraffierten Bereiche 21 bzw. 31 der
Lagen 2,3 von Leiterbahnen 4, 5 beeinflußt. Die Summe der entsprechenden
Flächenbereiche ist klein im Vergleich zur Gesamtfläche der überlappenden
Leiterbahnen 4, 5. Bedenkt man, daß die Deaktivierungswahrscheinlichkeit über
die Gesamtfläche der überlappenden Lagen 2, 3 der Leiterbahnen 4,5 gleich groß
ist, so wird nur ein geringer Bruchteil von Sicherungselementen 1 einen
Kurzschluß in den schraffierten Bereichen 21, 31 aufweisen. Nur bei diesem geringen
Bruchteil von Sicherungselementen 1 besteht fortan noch die Gefahr einer
Reaktivierung unter mechanischer Beanspruchung.As shown in Fig. 1 by hatching, the
securing element 1 according to the invention a bending under mechanical
Stress preferred in
Fig. 2 verdeutlicht die unterschiedlichen die Spannungspotentiale, die in verschiedenen Bereichen der beiden sich überlappenden Leiterbahnen 4; 5 über deren Länge während der elektromagnetischen Induktion auftreten.Fig. 2 illustrates the different the voltage potentials in different areas of the two overlapping conductor tracks 4; 5 about the length of which occurs during electromagnetic induction.
Bei einem Sicherungselement 1 mit gleichmäßiger Dicke der dielektrischen
Schicht 9 zwischen den Leiterbahnen 4; 5 erfolgt die Deaktivierung bevorzugt in
den Endbereichen von oberer Leiterbahn 4 und unterer Leiterbahn 5, da hier die
induzierte Spannung maximal ist. Haben die Leiterbahnen 4, 5 dieselben
Abmessungen, sind sie jedoch entgegengesetzt gewickelt, so verschwindet das
Spannungspotential im mittleren Bereich zwischen den beiden Leiterbahnen 4; 5
vollständig. Bei Anlegen eines Deaktivierungssignals sollte die Deaktivierung
folglich in den Endbereichen der beiden überlappenden Leiterbahnen 4; 5
auftreten.With a fuse element 1 with a uniform thickness of the
Daß die Deaktivierung trotz der o.g. günstigen Bedingungen in den Endbereichen
der beiden überlappenden Leiterbahnen 4; 5 -statistisch gesehen- an jeder
beliebigen Stelle im Überlappungsbereich auftritt, läßt sich dadurch erklären, daß
die dielektrische Schicht 9 nicht gleichmäßig dick ist oder Fehlstellen, z.B.
Luftblasen enthält. Beide Unregelmäßigkeiten sind die Folge von
Fertigungsfehlern. Solche Fertigungsfehler können örtliche Schwachstellen und
infolge von Lufteinschlüssen sogar Löcher in der dielektrischen Schicht 9
verursachen. Die dielektrische Schicht 9 bricht bei Anlegen des
Deaktivierungssignals daher auch an diesen lokalen Schwachstellen zusammen,
obwohl das Spannungspotential hier mitunter wesentlich niedriger ist als in den
Endbereichen der beiden Leiterbahnen 4; 5.That the deactivation despite the above favorable conditions in the end areas
of the two overlapping conductor tracks 4; 5 - statistically speaking - on everyone
anywhere in the overlap area can be explained by the fact that
the
Fig. 3 zeigt eine vorteilhafte erste Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen
Sicherungselements 1 in Draufsicht. Die untere Leiterbahn 5 ist nur teilweise
sichtbar und gestrichelt eingezeichnet. Nach dieser Ausführungsform sind die
beiden Leiterbahnen 4; 5 in einem Bereich 7 elektrisch miteinander verbunden, der punktförmig ausgebildet ist. In
dem Bereich 7 ist das Spannungspotential Null oder erreicht zumindest ein Minimum. Hierdurch läßt
sich wirkungsvoll vermeiden, daß das Sicherungselement 1 bei Anlegen einer
äußeren Gleichspannung, wie sie z.B. beim Bedrucken des auf dem
Sicherungselement 1 angebrachten Papieretiketts in einem Drucker,
insbesondere in einem Laserdrucker, auftritt, unbeabsichtigt deaktiviert wird.3 shows an advantageous first embodiment of the invention
Fuse element 1 in plan view. The
Das in Fig. 3 beschriebene Sicherungelement 1 liefert nur dann eine
hervorragende Detektionsrate sowie beste Deaktivierungsergebnisse, wenn die
elektrische Verbindung exakt in dem Bereich 7 liegt, in dem das
Spannungspotential zwischen den beiden Leiterbahnen 4; 5 Null wird. Bei einem
derartigen Sicherungselements 1 sind folglich höchste Anforderungen an die
Fertigungsqualität zu stellen. Liegt die elektrisches Verbindung nämlich nur etwas
außerhalb des optimalen Bereichs 7, so verschlechtern sich der Q-Faktor und die
Resonanzamplitude des Sicherungselements 1 - letztlich also die Detektionsrate
der Sicherungselements 1.The fuse element 1 described in FIG. 3 only delivers one
excellent detection rate as well as best deactivation results if the
electrical connection lies exactly in the
Die in Fig. 4 gezeigte vorteilhafte zweite Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen
Sicherungselements 1 beseitigt diesen Nachteil. Hier ist die punktförmige
elektrische Verbindung zwischen den beiden Leiterbahnen 4; 5 durch mehrere
elektrische Verbindungen, die sich entlang des Bereichs 8 befinden, ersetzt.
Diese elektrische Verbindung ist daher wesentlich sicherer als die Verbindung in
einem punktförmigen Bereich 7, und es ist sehr unwahrscheinlich, daß sie durch
mechanische Beanspruchung des Sicherungselements 1 aufgebrochen wird.
Schaltungstechnisch gesehen führt die elektrische Verbindung zu einer
Reihenschaltung der Induktivitäten von oberer und unterer spiralförmiger
Leiterbahn 4, 5. Das in diesem Beispiel dargestellte Sicherungselement 1 hat
übrigens nur eine Windung. Diese ist so breit ausgestaltet, daß Soll-Biegestellen
in Bereichen 21',31' liegen, in denen nur eine der Leiterbahnen
4; 5 verläuft.The advantageous second embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 4
Fuse element 1 eliminates this disadvantage. Here is the punctiform
electrical connection between the two conductor tracks 4; 5 by several
electrical connections located along
Claims (10)
- A security element for electronic article surveillance, comprising two at least partially overlapping layers of rectangular conductor strips having more than one turn, said two layers of conductor strips being manufactured from a metal foil, being of essentially like dimensions, being wound in opposing directions and being interconnected by adhesive bonding,
characterized in that said two layers of conductor strips are interconnected by a dielectric adhesive layer containing weak points resulting from production, which weak points, statistically seen, are uniformly distributed over the area of the overlapping conductor strips and at which the security element is deactivated on the application of a deactivation signal, and
that the strength of the two layers (2, 3) in the region of the overlapping conductor strips is of a magnitude causing the conductor strips (4, 5) to bend, when subjected to a mechanical load, in zones (21, 31, 21', 31') lying in direct extension of the areas between the turns of the conductor strips which are devoid of conductor strips. - The security element as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that that part of the area of the zones (21, 31, 21', 31') in which bending may occur in the event of a mechanical load being applied amounts to a maximum of 10% of the total area of the conductor strips (4, 5). - The security element as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the conductor strips (4, 5) exhibit an increased width in predetermined sections thereof. - The security element as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3,
characterized in that the conductor strips (4, 5) are made of aluminum foil. - The security element as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the two conductor strips (4, 5) are electrically interconnected in an area (7, 8) in which the voltage present between the conductor strips (4, 5) is zero or reaches at least a minimum level. - The security element as claimed in claim 5,
characterized in that the two conductor strips (4, 5) have a point-shaped connection in the area (7). - The security element as claimed in claim 5,
characterized in that the two conductor strips (4, 5) have several electrical connections in the area (8). - The security element as claimed in claim 6 or 7,
characterized in that the connection(s) within the area (7; 8) is (are) established by the application of pressure once or several times or by a punching operation. - The security element as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that provision is made for an integrated circuit which is connected to the conductor strips (4, 5) in an electrically conductive fashion. - The security element as claimed in claim 9,
characterized in that the electrically conductive connection between the integrated circuit and the conductor strips (4, 5) is established by the application of pressure once or several times, with or without heat input, or by punching holes therethrough.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19645330 | 1996-11-04 | ||
| DE19645330 | 1996-11-04 | ||
| DE19708180 | 1997-02-28 | ||
| DE19708180A DE19708180A1 (en) | 1996-11-04 | 1997-02-28 | Security element for electronic article surveillance |
| PCT/EP1997/005975 WO1998020371A1 (en) | 1996-11-04 | 1997-10-29 | Security device for electronic surveillance of articles |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0935767A1 EP0935767A1 (en) | 1999-08-18 |
| EP0935767B1 true EP0935767B1 (en) | 2002-04-03 |
Family
ID=26030952
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97948832A Expired - Lifetime EP0935767B1 (en) | 1996-11-04 | 1997-10-29 | Security device for electronic surveillance of articles |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6414596B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0935767B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE215705T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU723358B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59706903D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2174311T3 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO992129L (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ334506A (en) |
| PT (1) | PT935767E (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998020371A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19857583A1 (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 2000-06-15 | Meto International Gmbh | Security element for electronic articles has dielectric layer at least as thick in critical region, where bounding edge of lower/upper track overlaps other track, as in rest of overlap region |
| DE19951561A1 (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2001-05-03 | Meto International Gmbh | Securing element for electronic article surveillance |
| DE10145750A1 (en) * | 2001-09-17 | 2003-04-24 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Process for producing a metal layer on a carrier body and carrier body with a metal layer |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3143208C2 (en) * | 1981-10-30 | 1984-07-05 | Max-E. Dipl.-Ing. 7320 Göppingen Reeb | Identification arrangement in the form of a label-like strip which can be attached to an object and a method for the production thereof |
| DE3221500A1 (en) * | 1982-06-07 | 1983-12-08 | Max-E. Dipl.-Ing. 7320 Göppingen Reeb | IDENTIFICATION ARRANGEMENT IN THE FORM OF AN OBJECT TO BE ATTACHED TO AN OBJECT, AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| US4745401A (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1988-05-17 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | RF reactivatable marker for electronic article surveillance system |
| US4846922A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1989-07-11 | Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. | Method of making deactivatable tags |
| US4778552A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1988-10-18 | Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. | Alarm tag and method of making and deactivating it |
| US4717438A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1988-01-05 | Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. | Method of making tags |
| US5059950A (en) * | 1990-09-04 | 1991-10-22 | Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. | Deactivatable electronic article surveillance tags, tag webs and method of making tag webs |
| US5241299A (en) * | 1991-05-22 | 1993-08-31 | Checkpoint Systems, Inc. | Stabilized resonant tag circuit |
| US5142270A (en) * | 1991-05-22 | 1992-08-25 | Checkpoint Systems Inc. | Stabilized resonant tag circuit and deactivator |
| ATE440480T1 (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 2009-09-15 | Miyake Kk | COMPOSITE FILM WITH CIRCUIT-SHAPED METAL FOIL OR THE LIKE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING IT |
| US5751256A (en) * | 1994-03-04 | 1998-05-12 | Flexcon Company Inc. | Resonant tag labels and method of making same |
| US5781110A (en) * | 1996-05-01 | 1998-07-14 | James River Paper Company, Inc. | Electronic article surveillance tag product and method of manufacturing same |
| TW350054B (en) * | 1996-11-29 | 1999-01-11 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Burglarproof label |
-
1997
- 1997-10-29 NZ NZ334506A patent/NZ334506A/en unknown
- 1997-10-29 DE DE59706903T patent/DE59706903D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-29 WO PCT/EP1997/005975 patent/WO1998020371A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-10-29 US US09/284,954 patent/US6414596B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-29 EP EP97948832A patent/EP0935767B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-29 PT PT97948832T patent/PT935767E/en unknown
- 1997-10-29 AT AT97948832T patent/ATE215705T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-29 ES ES97948832T patent/ES2174311T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-29 AU AU70030/98A patent/AU723358B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-05-03 NO NO992129A patent/NO992129L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO992129D0 (en) | 1999-05-03 |
| EP0935767A1 (en) | 1999-08-18 |
| US6414596B1 (en) | 2002-07-02 |
| ATE215705T1 (en) | 2002-04-15 |
| AU723358B2 (en) | 2000-08-24 |
| ES2174311T3 (en) | 2002-11-01 |
| PT935767E (en) | 2002-09-30 |
| DE59706903D1 (en) | 2002-05-08 |
| NO992129L (en) | 1999-05-03 |
| AU7003098A (en) | 1998-05-29 |
| WO1998020371A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 |
| NZ334506A (en) | 2001-02-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE60019080T2 (en) | IC CARD | |
| DE69836434T2 (en) | DEACTIVABLE SWING CIRCUIT | |
| EP0472073B1 (en) | Method for producing electric resonant circuits, particularly resonance-tags | |
| DE60124900T2 (en) | ACTIVATABLE / DISABLED SAFETY LABEL WITH IMPROVED ELECTROSTATIC PROTECTION FOR USE WITH AN ELECTRONIC SECURITY SYSTEM | |
| DE19733849C2 (en) | Anti-theft shield | |
| EP0092555B1 (en) | Tag-shaped identification device attachable to an object | |
| DE4129446C2 (en) | Deactivatable electronic article surveillance labels, label tapes and methods for producing label tapes | |
| DE3221500A1 (en) | IDENTIFICATION ARRANGEMENT IN THE FORM OF AN OBJECT TO BE ATTACHED TO AN OBJECT, AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF | |
| EP0913711B1 (en) | Identification element and method for its manufacture | |
| EP0967568A2 (en) | Identification element | |
| EP1236169B1 (en) | Goods label | |
| WO1991009387A1 (en) | Deactivatable resonance label | |
| EP0935767B1 (en) | Security device for electronic surveillance of articles | |
| EP3052276A1 (en) | Knife having an rfid transponder arranged on the tang | |
| WO1996010803A1 (en) | Support arrangement to be embedded into a contactless chip card | |
| EP0878785B1 (en) | Universal security element and production method thereof | |
| EP0919050B1 (en) | Electronic anti-theft element | |
| EP0919049B1 (en) | Resonant circuit for electronic anti-theft element | |
| EP1527413A1 (en) | Data support with transponder coil | |
| DE60304735T2 (en) | SAFETY LABEL FOR LOADING STEEL | |
| EP1017033B1 (en) | Security element for electronic article surveillance and production method | |
| DE3602848A1 (en) | Electrical combination component as a closed LC circuit, and a method for its production | |
| DE19708180A1 (en) | Security element for electronic article surveillance | |
| DE19705722A1 (en) | Resonant circuit for electronic article surveillance | |
| EP0599434A1 (en) | Method and circuit for electronically marking of articles |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19990303 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT CH DE ES FI FR GB IT LI NL PT SE |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20010306 |
|
| GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
| GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
| GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
| GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT CH DE ES FI FR GB IT LI NL PT SE |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 215705 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 20020415 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59706903 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20020508 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: OK PAT AG PATENTE MARKEN LIZENZEN |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20020628 |
|
| ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PT Ref legal event code: SC4A Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION Effective date: 20020702 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2174311 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20030106 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20030915 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Payment date: 20031006 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Payment date: 20031009 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20041029 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20041029 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050429 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PT Ref legal event code: MM4A Free format text: LAPSE DUE TO NON-PAYMENT OF FEES Effective date: 20050429 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20071030 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20071029 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed | ||
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20081031 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20081031 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20091026 Year of fee payment: 13 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20091028 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20091024 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20091027 Year of fee payment: 13 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20091026 Year of fee payment: 13 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20091029 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20081030 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: V1 Effective date: 20110501 |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20101029 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20101102 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20110630 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 59706903 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20110502 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20110501 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20101029 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20111118 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20101029 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20101030 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20110502 |