EP0933475A1 - Parement amortisseur, acoustique pour mur anti-bruit - Google Patents
Parement amortisseur, acoustique pour mur anti-bruit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0933475A1 EP0933475A1 EP99400195A EP99400195A EP0933475A1 EP 0933475 A1 EP0933475 A1 EP 0933475A1 EP 99400195 A EP99400195 A EP 99400195A EP 99400195 A EP99400195 A EP 99400195A EP 0933475 A1 EP0933475 A1 EP 0933475A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wall
- block
- siding according
- mortar
- cap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
- E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
- E01F8/0041—Free-standing grates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
- E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
- E01F8/0023—Details, e.g. foundations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a facing shock absorber suitable for being attached and fixed to a wall anti-noise, to significantly improve performance acoustics of it.
- Noise barriers are already known in the art erected vertically along certain roads or highways with heavy traffic, in urban or peri-urban areas, that is to say in which these paths cross agglomerations where are drawn in relative proximity of buildings or other living quarters, these walls to some extent protecting those who live in these premises vis-à-vis nuisances, sometimes excessive, due to vehicles traveling at high speeds often raised on these routes.
- These walls are generally made using materials with insulating properties on the plan acoustic, so as to reflect sound waves or absorb them in part, in the best way possible.
- These acoustic screens are generally made up of using agglomerated aggregates and incorporating various products shock absorbers that reduce the propagation of sound waves coming to hit their facade.
- the subject of the present invention is a facing anti-noise wall damper which prevents these disadvantages.
- the facing considered, intended to be attached and fixed on a noise barrier extending substantially vertically is characterized in that it consists of a hat arranged practically horizontally, able to be placed and secured to the top of the wall, this hat with extensions overflowing on either side of the lateral sides of this wall and preferably having a face downwards, generally rounded in shape and whose concavity is facing up.
- the two hat extensions are symmetrical to each other with respect to the vertical plane median of the wall.
- the hat is consisting of a plurality of adjacent blocks, similarly straight section, joined or nested in the extension each other at the top of the wall, depending on the length of this one.
- each block is secured to the top of the wall by screwing, bolting or by any other means equivalent.
- each block comprises in its central part an open housing in which to fit the top of the wall, to immobilize the hat vis-à-vis of it.
- the face of the hat opposite the rounded face is flat, or slightly curved, each block having a maximum thickness in its center tapering towards its ends in each of the two extensions.
- each hat block is consisting of a microporous mortar, formed of an aggregate of mineral particles, embedded in a binder.
- the mortar consists of a mixture of aggregates of a silica-based material, especially particles of quartz or marble, and an agglomerate of terracotta clay, bonded by means of a synthetic resin, of the kind polyester or acrylic resin, this mortar which has a high mechanical resistance, presenting in each block a weight of the order of 25 to 35 kg per linear meter, imposing only a minimal load on the top of the wall.
- the mortar which forms each block may include an internal recess reinforcement, in particular constituted by a mast, woven or not, of fibers of glass or the like.
- the blocks of the hat may have an external coating, likewise natural and having a color identical to that of a similar coating provided on the side walls vertical, or on cladding panels applied against these surfaces.
- the mortars making up the hat blocks are more particularly described in the request international WO 94/24381.
- These mortars have the property of constituting an acoustic absorbent material comprising particles of mineral origin linked together by a binder at their only points of contact with each other, so that the surfaces (not being in contact with each other) particles delimit spaces allowing the circulation of air through the material (also designated by the expression "air voids"), making the aforesaid material porous, said particles, binder and air voids being distributed so homogeneous in the whole of said material, that is to say that the distribution of the particles of the air voids and of the binder, is substantially identical for each volume of one cm 3 of material.
- the particles of mineral origin contained in the material constituting the facing according to the invention are advantageously gravels, in particular gravels of rolled or crushed quartz or silica aggregates, or limestone (especially marble), or balls or chips of glass, or clay balls crushed or not, and whose particle size is preferably from about 0.1 mm to about 10 mm, in particular from approximately 0.1 mm to approximately 5 mm, or alternatively from about 0.3 mm to about 3 mm, especially from about 0.5 mm to about 2.5 mm, preferably about 0.5 mm to approximately 1.25 mm, or approximately 0.5 mm to approximately 1 mm, or preferably also from about 1 mm to about 2 mm.
- the above-mentioned particles have substantially the same particle size.
- the binder is a natural or synthetic resin, especially chosen from methacrylate, epoxy resins, acrylic, polyester or polyurethanes.
- the material constituting the facing according to the invention has an apparent density of approximately 100 to approximately 2000 kg / m 3 , or alternatively of approximately 1000 to approximately 1700 kg / m 3 , in particular approximately 1400 kg / m 3 to around 1600 kg / m 3 .
- the invention also relates to any block of the hat, as described above, comprising one or more several acoustic absorbent core (s) in cavities arranged for this purpose inside a material as described above, this absorbent core being especially chosen from fibrous materials such as glass or rock fibers, glass wool or rock, or cellulose fibers, or original fibers animal, or acoustic absorbent foams such as polyurethanes of melamine or polyethylene to open cells etc ... generally any material sound absorbing.
- acoustic absorbent core being especially chosen from fibrous materials such as glass or rock fibers, glass wool or rock, or cellulose fibers, or original fibers animal, or acoustic absorbent foams such as polyurethanes of melamine or polyethylene to open cells etc ... generally any material sound absorbing.
- Preparation of an absorbent acoustic facing such as described above is achieved by introducing into a molds a layer of mortar made of gravel, pigmented or not, added with resin. Then let crosslink.
- the crosslinking time depends, in particular on the temperature of crosslinking for the resin used.
- the gravel is wrapped in resin, colorless or colored, in order to be agglomerated and to form a mortar.
- Such mortars are described in patent FR 2 622 223 and known under the name "C HROMOROC ".
- the gravel used can also be calcined which allows them to be of an excellent whiteness.
- the mortar can be prepared from gravel coming from a mixture of gravel, natural or pigmented by coating with colored resin.
- any resin can be used able to agglomerate and harden the mortar, for example methacrylate, epoxy, acrylic, polyester or polyurethanes mentioned above.
- methacrylate epoxy, acrylic, polyester or polyurethanes mentioned above.
- polyurethane resins Preferably, we use polyurethane resins.
- the binder, and especially when it comes to polyurethane is present in the mortar at concentrations of the order of 3 to 15% by weight, and preferably 5.5 to 8.5%, especially 7.5 to 8.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the mortar.
- a first layer of mortar such as described above, is added with a resin, in particular a polyurethane resin, capable of slightly hardening during the crosslinking step, then we pose the case the armature and / or the absorbent core on this first layer, and we cover everything with a second layer of mortar with a resin, in particular a epoxy resin, which may harden considerably during the crosslinking step.
- a resin in particular a polyurethane resin
- the absorbent materials thus obtained therefore exhibit, on one of their faces, a hard layer of mortar particularly impact resistant, while the face opposite consists of a softer layer of mortar than the previous layer, this last layer being likely to further improve the absorbency of material, as well as its weather resistance in the time, and ultraviolet rays (and therefore its aesthetics).
- a crosslinking catalyst such as derivatives organometallic in the case of polyurethane resin.
- various additives which can give the mortar properties related to aesthetics, the final color with heat resistance properties or fire.
- the aspect is flexible, in color and in grain size, by the choice of material, colored, neutral, mixed.
- the invention also relates to the hat blocks the aforementioned sound absorbents having the property of being non-flammable (materials classified M1).
- the aforementioned non-flammable materials are more particularly characterized in that they are obtained from binders, in particular the aforementioned resins, comprising alumina Al 2 o 3 , 3H 2 o.
- the resin-alumina mixture used to obtain M1 materials according to the invention is advantageously such that the amount of alumina present in said mixture, is about one to about twice the weight of the resin in said mixture.
- the invention also relates to absorbent facings acoustic as described above, presenting the property of being noncombustible (materials classified M0).
- the resin-alumina mixture used to obtain M0 materials according to the invention is advantageously such that the amount of alumina present in said mixture, is about two to about three times the weight of the resin in said mixture.
- the reference (1) schematically denotes a vertical noise barrier, only having been represented the upper part (2) of this wall.
- a suitable material in particular formed by an aggregate of silica-based particles, agglomerated by a binder so as to form slabs with properties improved acoustics allowing them to partially absorb and reflect the sound waves that hit the wall, especially when it is erected near a traffic way.
- the side walls wall may have external cladding or coating (3), improving the damping properties acoustics of the whole, this covering may have a surface appearance and color suitable for the aesthetics of construction.
- the wall (1) has a height of the order of 2 to 3 meters or more, and a thickness which can vary from one realization to another but which, as a rule, represents a dimension of around 20 to 25 cm, so that the weight of the whole is not excessive and does not require preliminary foundation or foundation complex, which would considerably increase the price of returns from the noise barrier, which can extend over long distances depending on the urban, peri-urban area or other, to protect from noise pollution.
- the wall (1) can be full and continuous, or else include glass parts or skylight with suitable deflectors, to break the monotony of the screen thus formed.
- the present invention contemplates an acoustic facing which significantly improves the performance of a wall or anti-noise screen, allowing the speed of acoustic waves at the top of this wall, in "diffracting" these waves to a large extent and in particular by folding them down so that they do not cannot cross the summit without significant attenuation of it.
- the invention consists in providing the top of the wall (2) of a hat (4) whose attached drawing illustrates a preferred embodiment, this hat being reported and secured to the upper part of this wall by any suitable fixing means.
- the hat (4) is constituted by a succession of blocks, such as (5) and (6), attached to each other according to the length of the wall, these blocks having an identical cross section and being arranged side by side.
- the blocks can include in their end faces means like tenons and mortises (not shown), allowing them to fit together mutually from one block to the next depending on the length of the wall.
- each block comprises, substantially in its center and on the side facing the wall, an open housing (7) in which the top is embedded (8) likewise wall profile, to properly block the blocks of the cap (4) in position. Immobilization of these blocks is completed by means of screws (9) passing through all the thickness of the cap, or using bolts, of fishplates or other similar means providing the same result.
- Each block (5) or (6) of the hat is made using a mortar preferably made up of a granulate of quartz or ground marble, mixed with a agglomerated clay clay, the whole being related to using synthetic resin, such as acrylic resin or polyester in particular.
- a reinforcing reinforcement (not shown), consisting for example of a mast, woven or no, preferably fiberglass or any other suitable synthetic or even metallic material.
- the cap (4) has a lower face (10) directed towards the bottom of the wall which has a shape rounded, whose concavity is directed upwards.
- the opposite face (11) of the cap is flat or preferably has a slightly curved profile towards the center falling at both ends.
- the cap (4) thus extends in a direction substantially horizontal at the top of the wall and presents in particular two lateral extensions, respectively (12) and (13), which decrease gradually from the top (8) of the wall towards the ends of the blocks (5) and (6).
- each block extends from each side of the wall for a distance of about 40 to 50 cm, with a thickness in the central part of the order of 8 to 12 cm.
- the blocks have a unit length of 1 m to 1.50 m, the nature of the mortar which constitutes them allowing these blocks not to exceed a weight between 25 kg and 35 kg per linear meter, the load they represent at top of the wall being limited and in particular not requiring that a modification of the base of this wall.
- a external coating (14) whose nature and color may be identical to that of a coating or a cladding (15), provided on the lateral sides of the wall itself.
- the hat placed at the top of the wall is little bulky, low cost and easily likely to be installed or removed. It can be in particular suitable for existing walls, without the need for particular modifications of these.
- the blocks are light and solid, presenting by their nature good resistance to bad weather, corrosion, ultraviolet rays and incrustation of mosses or bacteria.
- the choice of colors, like materials used in making the hat blocks is important, allowing to take care of the aesthetics of the construction and to adapt the facing to the wall as well as possible.
- the invention allows above all an improvement particularly sensitive to the acoustic performance of the noise barrier, the damping of sound waves at level of the upper edge of the wall being at least 2 dBA, but can easily reach 4 dBA depending on the profile and nature of the hat material best adapted.
- the modules were simply placed on a support wall metal height 3 m (Achrom).
- HE facing IT screen + facing - HE screen only
- Results were obtained by an average of 5 shots for each height and are provided for both third octave between 100 and 5000 Hz, and overall, in response to pink or road noise.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- particules (% en volume) : environ 50% à environ 80%, de préférence environ 55% à environ 70%,
- liant (% en poids par rapport au poids des particules) : environ 1% à environ 35%, notamment environ 2% à environ 10%, de préférence environ 4% à environ 8%,
- vides d'air (% en volume) : environ 20% à environ 50%, notamment 28% à 37%, de préférence environ 30% à environ 45%, notamment environ 40% à environ 45%.
- une résistance à l'abrasion telle que l'on mesure une perte de volume d'environ 0,01 cm3 à environ 5 cm3, notamment d'environ 0,01 cm3 à environ 1 cm3, avantageusement d'environ 0,01 cm3 à environ 0,5 cm3, ou encore d'environ 0,01 cm3 à environ 0,1 cm3, notamment de 0,045 à 0,06 cm3, selon la méthode D-I-1 décrite dans les "Directives d'Agrément UEAtc" (cahier n° 2182 du CSTB, septembre 1987),
- une résistance aux chocs telle :
- qu'il n'y a rien à signaler en tout point du matériau, pour des chocs dont l'énergie varie entre 0,5 joule à 2,5 joule, dans le cadre du test de la résistance aux chocs d'occupation usuels décrit dans les "Directives d'Agrément UEAtc" susmentionnées,
- qu'il n'y a pas de perforation totale du matériau dans le cadre du test de résistance aux chocs perforants décrit dans les "Directives d'Agrément UEAtc" susmentionnées, en utilisant des poinçons de 6, 8 et 10 mm,
- aucun arrachement de granulat ou d'éclat dans le cadre du test de déplacement simulé du pied de meuble réalisé selon la méthode F.1 décrite dans les "Directives d'Agrément UEAtc" susmentionnées.
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe et en perspective de la partie supérieure d'un mur anti-bruit muni d'un parement selon l'invention ;
- la figure 2 est une vue en coupe transversale du mur et de son parement.
- source/écran : 4,5 m
- source M1/écran : 3 m
- source M2/écran : 5 m
- 2,8 m
- 3,0 m
- 3,2 m
- 3,4 m
- 3,6 m
- Source : revolver d'alarme 9 mm, sans filtre,
- Microphones en M1 1/4" type 4136 BK
- Microphones en M2 1" type 4144 BK
- Analyseur FFT 2 voies type 2032 BK
- Enregistreur numérique type 7400 BK
- Micro-ordinateurs et logiciels de dépouillement CEBTP (Centre Expérimental de Recherches et d'Etudes du Bâtiment et des Travaux Publics).
- Niveau 150 dB environ à 1,5 m dans la direction du canon,
- Pente inférieure à 6 dB/octave jusqu'à 2500 Hz.
IL en dBA | |||||||
H(m) | avec parement | sans parement | efficacité parement | ||||
Module 1 ○ | Module 3 ○ | Module 2 ○ | Module 1 ○ | Module 3 ○ | Module 2 ○ | ||
2.9 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 18.7 | 16.4 | + 1.1 | + 1.1 | + 2.3 |
3.1 | 13.2 | 17.1 | 18.2 | - | - | - | - |
3.3 | 16.3 | 16.6 | 17.3 | 15.2 | + 1.1 | + 1.4 | + 2.1 |
3.5 | 15.7 | 16.0 | 16.1 | - | - | - | - |
3.7 | 15.0 | 15.6 | 15.4 | 14.4 | + 0.6 | + 1.2 | + 1.0 |
Module 1 ○ convexe | |
Pertes par insertion en dBA | + 1 |
Module 3 ○ | |
Pertes par insertion en dBA | + 1 |
Module 2 ○ concave | |
Pertes par insertion en dBA | + 2 |
Claims (11)
- Parement acoustique, prévu pour être rapporté et fixé sur un mur anti-bruit (1) s'étendant sensiblement verticalement, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste en un chapeau (4) disposé pratiquement horizontalement, apte à être posé et solidarisé sur le sommet (8) du mur, ce chapeau présentant des extensions (12, 13) débordant de part et d'autre des côtés latéraux de ce mur et présentant de préférence une face (10) dirigée vers le bas, de forme générale arrondie et dont la concavité est orientée vers le haut.
- Parement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les deux extensions (12, 13) du chapeau (4) sont symétriques l'une de l'autre par rapport au plan vertical médian du mur (1).
- Parement selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le chapeau (4) est constitué d'une pluralité de blocs adjacents (5,6), de même section droite, accolés ou emboítés dans le prolongement les uns des autres au sommet (8) du mur (1), selon la longueur de celui-ci.
- Parement selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que chaque bloc (5, 6) est solidarisé du sommet (8) du mur par vissage (9), boulonnage ou par tout autre moyen équivalent.
- Parement selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que chaque bloc (5,6) comporte dans sa partie centrale un logement ouvert (7) dans lequel s'encastre le sommet (8) du mur.
- Parement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la face (11) du chapeau (4) opposée à la face arrondie (10) est plane, ou légèrement incurvée, chaque bloc présentant une épaisseur maximale en son centre en s'effilant vers ses extrémités dans chacune des deux extensions (12, 13).
- Parement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que chaque bloc (5, 6) du chapeau (4) est constitué d'un mortier microporeux, formé d'un agrégat de particules minérales noyées dans un liant.
- Parement selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le mortier est constitué d'un mélange de granulats d'un matériau à base de silice, notamment de particules de quartz ou de marbre, et d'un aggloméré de terre cuite argileuse, liés au moyen d'une résine synthétique, du genre résine polyester ou acrylique.
- Parement selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le poids de chaque bloc est de l'ordre de 25 kg à 35 kg par mètre linéaire.
- Parement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le mortier comporte dans chaque bloc une armature de renforcement interne, notamment constituée par un mât, tissé ou non, de fibres de verre ou analogues.
- Parement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les blocs (5, 6) du chapeau (4) comportent un revêtement externe (14), de même nature et présentant un coloris identique à celui d'un revêtement similaire (15) prévu sur les façades latérales du mur vertical, ou sur des plaques de bardage appliquées contre ces surfaces.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9800926 | 1998-01-28 | ||
FR9800926A FR2774107B1 (fr) | 1998-01-28 | 1998-01-28 | Parement amortisseur acoustique pour mur anti-bruit |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0933475A1 true EP0933475A1 (fr) | 1999-08-04 |
Family
ID=9522276
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99400195A Withdrawn EP0933475A1 (fr) | 1998-01-28 | 1999-01-28 | Parement amortisseur, acoustique pour mur anti-bruit |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0933475A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2774107B1 (fr) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2622223A1 (fr) * | 1987-10-22 | 1989-04-28 | Pic Conseil | Revetement de sol et procede pour le preparer |
FR2697040A1 (fr) * | 1992-10-21 | 1994-04-22 | Ind Entreprise | Elément de protection contre le bruit et son utilisation. |
WO1994024381A1 (fr) * | 1993-04-14 | 1994-10-27 | Pic Conseil S.A.R.L. | Materiau absorbant acoustique |
DE4433526A1 (de) * | 1994-03-14 | 1995-09-21 | Nitto Boseki Co Ltd | Schallabsorbierender Körper und Verfahren zu seiner Anbringung an einer Schallschutzwand |
WO1996021774A1 (fr) * | 1995-01-13 | 1996-07-18 | Bertels Augustinus Wilhelmus M | Structure murale |
DE19602779A1 (de) * | 1996-01-26 | 1997-07-31 | Wacon Gmbh Walter Consulting & | Photovoltaisch nutzbare Lärmschutzwand |
EP0798426A1 (fr) * | 1996-03-28 | 1997-10-01 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Dispositif de déphasage d'ondes et mur anti-bruit |
-
1998
- 1998-01-28 FR FR9800926A patent/FR2774107B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-01-28 EP EP99400195A patent/EP0933475A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2622223A1 (fr) * | 1987-10-22 | 1989-04-28 | Pic Conseil | Revetement de sol et procede pour le preparer |
FR2697040A1 (fr) * | 1992-10-21 | 1994-04-22 | Ind Entreprise | Elément de protection contre le bruit et son utilisation. |
WO1994024381A1 (fr) * | 1993-04-14 | 1994-10-27 | Pic Conseil S.A.R.L. | Materiau absorbant acoustique |
DE4433526A1 (de) * | 1994-03-14 | 1995-09-21 | Nitto Boseki Co Ltd | Schallabsorbierender Körper und Verfahren zu seiner Anbringung an einer Schallschutzwand |
WO1996021774A1 (fr) * | 1995-01-13 | 1996-07-18 | Bertels Augustinus Wilhelmus M | Structure murale |
DE19602779A1 (de) * | 1996-01-26 | 1997-07-31 | Wacon Gmbh Walter Consulting & | Photovoltaisch nutzbare Lärmschutzwand |
EP0798426A1 (fr) * | 1996-03-28 | 1997-10-01 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Dispositif de déphasage d'ondes et mur anti-bruit |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2774107B1 (fr) | 2000-04-28 |
FR2774107A1 (fr) | 1999-07-30 |
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