EP0930804A2 - Heating cable - Google Patents
Heating cable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0930804A2 EP0930804A2 EP98403315A EP98403315A EP0930804A2 EP 0930804 A2 EP0930804 A2 EP 0930804A2 EP 98403315 A EP98403315 A EP 98403315A EP 98403315 A EP98403315 A EP 98403315A EP 0930804 A2 EP0930804 A2 EP 0930804A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- conductor
- earthing
- extruded
- conductors
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
- H05B3/56—Heating cables
Definitions
- the present invention relates to electrical cables and in particular to heating cables having at least one insulated wire conductor - such as a resistance wire terminated with 'cold' wire ends - and at least one earthing conductor arranged within at least one common outer layer.
- at least one insulated wire conductor - such as a resistance wire terminated with 'cold' wire ends - and at least one earthing conductor arranged within at least one common outer layer.
- EP 0 098 253 describes a heating cable having at least two conductors extending longitudinally of each other in spaced relation. Each of the conductors has an insulating coating which completely covers the respective conductors except for apertures in the conductors which are spaced longitudinally thereof. The apertures are arranged alternately in the conductors which are surrounded by a continuous layer of relatively low and substantially temperature-independent resistivity. The plastic layer is in contact with the conductors through the apertures and an electrically insulation outer layer covers the plastic layer completely.
- EP 0 609 771 describes an electrical heating cable where a resistance wire is covered with heat resistive polymer insulation and outer mechanically resistive layers.
- EP 0 312 204 relates to a heater conduit having a hollow tube comprising a conductive polymeric material that exhibits PTC behaviour, and two electrodes positioned in electrical contact with the tube, preferably in a helical configuration.
- the conduit can be heated by the passage of electrical current therethrough, and is preferably used to heat a fluid passing through the tube.
- US 4,309,597 relates to a heating element for use in an electric blanket or the like including conductors spaced apart in a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) material which serves as a self-limiting heater.
- the conductors are separated by a spacer which prevents the conductors from engaging each other when the PTC material softens or melts during annealing thereof.
- a coating of material having a higher melting point than the PTC material is placed over the PTC material to maintain its shape during the annealing process.
- a constant objective with heating cables is reduction of production cost and improvement of the product design.
- the main features of the invention are defined in the claims.
- the basic idea is to combine the metallic sheath/screen and outer sheath in one semiconductive layer.
- the solution in connection with a heating cable comprising an insulated conductor and an earthing conductor arranged within an outer layer, is that the earthing conductor is arranged within or in contact with a semiconductive layer.
- the semiconductive material should have a conductivity/resistivity corresponding to that of conventional shields, i e with a volume resistivity ⁇ 100 ohmcm at 20°C and ⁇ 1000 ohncm at 90°C taken together with an earthing conductor having a conductivity corresponding to at least 1 mm 2 Cu..
- the material need not have any particular PTC or NTC properties. Advantages are cost reduction, process simplification, design improvement (thinner) and handling improvement (lighter).
- All embodiments have at least one conventional wire conductor such as a resistance wire which is terminated with 'cold' leads i e copper wire installation ends. Each conductor is covered by a layer of insulation material.
- Figures 1-7 illustrate crossections of single-conductor cables, - whereas Figures 8 to 13 illustrate crossections of two-conductor cables.
- the semiconductive, polymer material may as base polymer material consist of:
- the insulation polymer material (compound) may as base polymer material consist of:
- the outer, protective layer polymer material may as base polymer material consist of:
- the layers may consist of one single layer or two or more layers based on the same polymer, or a combination of the different polymers.
- the compounds not being flame retardant may be made flame retardant by either halogenated or by so called halogen-free additives/systems.
- Different colours may be achieved by adding necessary amount of colour masterbatch to the compound in the extruder process. There may be one single colour or different colours, as two or several stripes longitudinally.
Landscapes
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Polyethylene/PE and its copolymers produced with different reactor and catalyst technology, in thermoplastic or in cross-linked version.
- Polypropylene/PP produced with different reactor and catalyst technology, in thermoplastic or in cross-linked version.
- Plastisized PVC-compound, in thermoplastic or in cross-linked version.
- Thermoplastic Elastomer/TPE.
- Polyethylene/PE and its copolymers produced with different reactor and catalyst technology, in thermoplastic or in cross-linked version.
- Polypropylene/PP produced with different reactor and catalyst technology, in thermoplastic or in cross-linked version.
- Fluoropolymers as: PFA, FEP, ETFE, ECTFE or PVDF.
- Thermoplastic Polyesters as: PET, PBT or equivalent.
- Polyamides as: PA11 and PA12.
- Polyethylene/PE and its copolymers produced with different reactor and catalyst technology, in thermoplastic or in cross-linked version.
- Polypropylene/PP produced with different reactor and catalyst technology, in thermoplastic or in cross-linked version.
- Fluoropolymers as: PFA, FEP, ETFE, ECTFE or PVDF.
- Thermoplastic Polyesters as: PET, PBT or equivalent
- Polyamides as: PA11 and PA12.
- Plastisized PVC compound
- Thermoplastic Elastomer/TPE
Claims (14)
- Electrical cable - such as a heating cable - having at least one insulated wire conductor (1) - such as a resistance wire terminated with 'cold' wire ends - and at least one earthing conductor (3) arranged within at least one common outer layer,
characterized in that
the at least one earthing conductor (3) is arranged within or in contact with a semiconductive layer (4) - Cable according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the conductivity/resistivity of the semiconductive layer is typically <100 ohmcm at 20°C and <1000 ohmcm at 90°C taken together with an earthing conductor having a conductivity corresponding to at least 1 mm2 Cu. - Cable according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
it includes a wire conductor (1, Fig 1) with an extruded insulation of polymer insulation material (2), an earthing conductor (3) - such as a copper conductor - wound around or in parallel with the insulation layer and an external extruded semiconductive layer (4) embedding the earthing conductor. - Cable according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
it includes a wire conductor (1, Fig 2) with an extruded insulation of polymer insulation material (2), a full layer of earthing conductors (5) - such as copper conductors - wound around or in parallel with the insulation layer and an external extruded semiconductive layer (4) embedding the earthing conductor. - Cable according to claim 3 or 4,
characterized in that
it includes an outer protective insulation layer (6, Figs 3 and 4). - Cable according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
it includes a wire conductor (1, Fig 5) with an extruded layer (2) of polymer insulation material, an extruded layer (4) of semiconductive material over the insulation layer (2), an earthing conductor (3) - such as a copper conductor - wound around or in parallel with and in contact with the semiconductive layer (4) and an outer protective insulation layer (6) embedding the earthing conductor (3). - Cable according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
it includes a wire conductor (1,Fig 6) with an extruded layer (2) of polymer insulation material, an extruded layer (4) of semiconductive material over the insulation layer (2), a full layer of earthing conductors (5) - such as a copper conductor - wound around or in parallel with and in contact with the semiconductive layer (4) and an outer protective insulation layer (6) embedding the earthing conductor (5). - Cable according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
it includes two wire conductors (20, Fig 8) each with an individual extruded layer of polymer insulation material (21), an earthing conductor (22) - such as a copper conductor - arranged in parallel with the insulated wire conductors (20,21) and an extruded semiconductive layer (24) covering all three conductors. - Cable according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
it includes two wire conductors (20, Fig 9) each with an extruded layer of polymer insulation material (21), a full layer of earthing conductors (23) - such as copper conductors - arranged around or in parallel with the insulation layers (21) and an extruded semiconductive layer (24) covering the insulated conductors (20,21) and the earthing layer (23). - Cable according to claims 8 or 9,
characterized in that
the conductors - and earthing arrangement - have a stranded/parallel configuration. - Cable according to claim 8,9 or 10,
characterized in that
it includes an outer protective insulation layer (25, Figs 10 and 11). - Cable according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
it includes two wire conductors (20, Fig 12) each with an extruded layer (21) of polymer insulation material, an extruded layer (24) of semiconductive material over the two insulated conductors (20,21), an earthing conductor (22) - such as a copper conductor - wound around or in parallel with and in contact with the semiconductive layer (24) and an outer protective insulation layer (25) embedding the earthing conductor (22). - Cable according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
it includes two wire conductor (20, Fig 13) each with an extruded layer (21) of polymer insulation material, an extruded layer (24) of semiconductive material over the insulation layer (21), a full layer of earthing conductors (23) - such as copper conductors - wound around or in parallel with and in contact with the semiconductive layer (24) and an outer protective insulation layer (25) embedding the earthing conductor layer (23). - Cable according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
it includes a wire conductor (1, Fig 7) with an extruded layer of polymer insulation material (2), an earthing conductor (10) - such as a copper conductor - with an extruded semiconductive layer (11) in parallel with or wound around the insulated conductor (1,2), a metal screen (12) encompassing the insulated conductor (1,2) and the earthing layer (11) in electrical contact with the earthing layer and an outer protective insulation layer.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO980202A NO307020B1 (en) | 1998-01-16 | 1998-01-16 | Heating cable |
NO980202 | 1998-01-16 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0930804A2 true EP0930804A2 (en) | 1999-07-21 |
EP0930804A3 EP0930804A3 (en) | 2000-03-01 |
EP0930804B1 EP0930804B1 (en) | 2007-02-14 |
Family
ID=19901561
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98403315A Expired - Lifetime EP0930804B1 (en) | 1998-01-16 | 1998-12-28 | Heating cable |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0930804B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69837080T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0930804T3 (en) |
NO (1) | NO307020B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001033908A1 (en) * | 1999-11-03 | 2001-05-10 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Electric cable having braidless polymeric ground plane providing fault detection |
DE10055141A1 (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2002-05-16 | Bauerhin I G Elektro Tech | Heating conductor, in particular, for heating elements of a motor vehicle seat consists of several single conductors forming a strand in which at least one such single conductor is insulated from all others |
US7388173B2 (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2008-06-17 | Nexans | Heating cable |
US10966290B2 (en) | 2017-02-01 | 2021-03-30 | Nvent Services Gmbh | Low smoke, zero halogen self-regulating heating cable |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2014784A (en) * | 1978-01-30 | 1979-08-30 | Raychem Corp | Electrical device containing ptc elements |
EP0008235A2 (en) * | 1978-08-10 | 1980-02-20 | Eaton Corporation | Semi-conductive polymeric compositions suitable for use in electrical heating devices; flexible heating cables made by using said compositions and method for making the like cables |
FR2519505A1 (en) * | 1981-12-31 | 1983-07-08 | Thomson Jeumont Cables | Earthing screen for electrical resistance heating wire - being combination of conductive wire and annular strip |
US5558794A (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1996-09-24 | Jansens; Peter J. | Coaxial heating cable with ground shield |
-
1998
- 1998-01-16 NO NO980202A patent/NO307020B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-12-28 EP EP98403315A patent/EP0930804B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-28 DK DK98403315T patent/DK0930804T3/en active
- 1998-12-28 DE DE69837080T patent/DE69837080T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2014784A (en) * | 1978-01-30 | 1979-08-30 | Raychem Corp | Electrical device containing ptc elements |
EP0008235A2 (en) * | 1978-08-10 | 1980-02-20 | Eaton Corporation | Semi-conductive polymeric compositions suitable for use in electrical heating devices; flexible heating cables made by using said compositions and method for making the like cables |
FR2519505A1 (en) * | 1981-12-31 | 1983-07-08 | Thomson Jeumont Cables | Earthing screen for electrical resistance heating wire - being combination of conductive wire and annular strip |
US5558794A (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1996-09-24 | Jansens; Peter J. | Coaxial heating cable with ground shield |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001033908A1 (en) * | 1999-11-03 | 2001-05-10 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Electric cable having braidless polymeric ground plane providing fault detection |
US6288372B1 (en) | 1999-11-03 | 2001-09-11 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Electric cable having braidless polymeric ground plane providing fault detection |
DE10055141A1 (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2002-05-16 | Bauerhin I G Elektro Tech | Heating conductor, in particular, for heating elements of a motor vehicle seat consists of several single conductors forming a strand in which at least one such single conductor is insulated from all others |
DE10055141B4 (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2007-08-23 | I.G. Bauerhin Gmbh Elektrotechnische Fabrik | heating conductor |
DE10055141C5 (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2010-07-22 | I.G. Bauerhin Gmbh Elektrotechnische Fabrik | heating conductor |
US7388173B2 (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2008-06-17 | Nexans | Heating cable |
US10966290B2 (en) | 2017-02-01 | 2021-03-30 | Nvent Services Gmbh | Low smoke, zero halogen self-regulating heating cable |
US11871486B2 (en) | 2017-02-01 | 2024-01-09 | Nvent Services Gmbh | Low smoke, zero halogen self-regulating heating cable |
US11956865B2 (en) | 2017-02-01 | 2024-04-09 | Nvent Services Gmbh | Low smoke, zero halogen self-regulating heating cable |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69837080D1 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
NO307020B1 (en) | 2000-01-24 |
NO980202D0 (en) | 1998-01-16 |
NO980202L (en) | 1999-07-19 |
DK0930804T3 (en) | 2007-06-11 |
DE69837080T2 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
EP0930804A3 (en) | 2000-03-01 |
EP0930804B1 (en) | 2007-02-14 |
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