EP0929914B1 - High frequency antenna - Google Patents

High frequency antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0929914B1
EP0929914B1 EP97919128A EP97919128A EP0929914B1 EP 0929914 B1 EP0929914 B1 EP 0929914B1 EP 97919128 A EP97919128 A EP 97919128A EP 97919128 A EP97919128 A EP 97919128A EP 0929914 B1 EP0929914 B1 EP 0929914B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
antenna
wings
base
frequency antenna
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP97919128A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0929914A1 (en
Inventor
Simon Azot
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Telediffusion de France ets Public de Diffusion
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Telediffusion de France ets Public de Diffusion
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/40—Element having extended radiating surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna with high frequency broadband. More particularly, it is fixed to the bodywork of a vehicle as a receiving antenna in FM sound broadcasting.
  • Such a known antenna is of the "whip" or "end of wire” type consisting of a substantially vertical conductive strand.
  • the horizontal directivity diagram is theoretically circular, and the antenna is almost omnidirectional if it is placed correctly on the vehicle, without being too disturbed by the body of the latter.
  • the "whip" antenna with its image in the mirror formed by the vehicle body behaves like a doublet.
  • the vertical directivity diagram consists of two substantially semicircular lobes like ears, symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis of the antenna, tangent to this axis at the foot of the antenna and located above the horizontal formed by the vehicle body.
  • the power picked up by the "whip” antenna thus extends in an elevated sector from 40 ° to 50 ° from the horizontal.
  • the sources emitting the sound broadcasting signals are very directive to radiate a few meters from the ground.
  • the "whip” antenna then picks up only a small useful power, due to the low vertical directivity of the antenna, and is largely subject to parasites, all the more since it has a consequent vertical secondary lobe along the axis of the antenna.
  • FIG. 11 discloses an antenna with a four-wing structure formed by two rectangular plates crossed perpendicular to each other. Each wing is a rectangle and the four wings have one long side in common.
  • the antenna is supplied at the central base of the wings by a central conductor of coaxial line.
  • This antenna with four rectangular wings is almost omnidirectional in a horizontal plane, that is to say in a plane perpendicular to the side common to the wings.
  • this antenna with four rectangular wings has two main lobes which are clearly raised relative to the horizontal, as well as small lobes secondary around the vertical axis of the antenna combined with the side common to the wings.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the disadvantages of the vertical directivity diagram of the above-mentioned known antennas by providing a high frequency antenna which in a vertical plane is very directive almost horizontally, that is to say almost following directions perpendicular to the antenna axis, while retaining the almost omnidirectional character in a horizontal plane.
  • a high frequency antenna with a structure with four wings is characterized in that each wing has a contour substantially in a right triangle, and the contours of the wings have in common a side of a right angle.
  • This structure gives the antenna a very marked directivity almost perpendicular to its axis, that is to say on the side of common right angle, and therefore in directions substantially parallel to the horizontal when the antenna is vertical.
  • the antenna is almost omnidirectional in a plane almost perpendicular to the axis of the antenna.
  • the right angle vertices of the wings are connected to a foot of the antenna collecting the radiated power received towards an appropriate receiver on board a vehicle.
  • the wings of the antenna are preferably substantially identical, although they may be somewhat different in particular as regards their contours without significantly modifying the performance of the antenna.
  • the length of the common right angle side of the antenna is between 4 to 6 lengths of the other right angle side of each wing, for reception frequencies of the order of gigahertz.
  • the wings of the antenna can form between them two by two an angle substantially between 80 and 90 °, without significantly modifying the quasi-omnidirectional character of the antenna.
  • the antenna can be manufactured from first and second plates substantially in an isosceles triangle, each forming two pairs of opposite wings.
  • the two plates can be split to assemble.
  • the first plate of the antenna has a slot which extends substantially along the half-height coming from the base of the first plate, from the top of the first plate, and into which a portion is inserted.
  • the second plate extending substantially along the half-height of the base of the second plate, from the top of the second plate, and the second plate has a slot which extends substantially along the half-height from the base of the second plate, from the middle of the base of the second plate, and into which is inserted a portion of the first plate extending substantially along the half-height of the base of the first plate, from the middle of the base of the first plate.
  • a high frequency broadband antenna 1 has a structure having four vertical flat wings 21, 22, 23 and 24, each having a contour in right triangle.
  • the wings have in common a large vertical right angle side 25 so that the short horizontal right angle sides of the wings are coplanar.
  • a threaded foot 3 At the common top of the right angles of the wings is fixed a threaded foot 3 to be screwed into a threaded sleeve secured to an antenna support, for example the body of a vehicle, in particular the roof of the latter.
  • the foot 3 is screwed into a removable magnetic base to be applied to the vehicle body.
  • the four wings are monolithic in pairs 21, 23 and 22, 24 formed in two brass metal plates 4 and 5 substantially identical and with an isosceles triangle outline.
  • the two plates are linked to each other to form a substantially right angle between them, between 80 ° and 90 °.
  • the first plate 4 has an upper slot 41 which extends substantially along the half-height coming from the base 42 of the first plate, from the top 43 of the first plate.
  • the second plate 5 has a lower slot 51 which extends substantially along the half-height coming from the base 52 of the second plate, from the middle of the base 52.
  • the width of the slots 41 and 51 is of the order of thickness of plates 4 and 5.
  • the second plate 5 is presented substantially at right angles above the apex 43 of the first plate 42 and then lowered along the base height of the first plate. Simultaneously and gradually, the portion of the second plate 5 extending substantially along the base half-height from the top 53 of the second plate, above the slot 51 is slid and contained in the slot 41 of the first plate, and the portion of the first plate 4 extending substantially along the base half-height from the middle of the first plate, below the slot 41, is slid and contained in the slot 51 of the second plate.
  • the plates are then glued or welded to each other along the right angle side common to the wings, that is to say along the base heights of the isosceles plates.
  • Two rectangular notches 44 and 54 formed in the middle of the bases 42 and 52 of the plates 4 and 5 delimit a cylindrical space so as to weld thereon a smooth end of the cylindrical base 3.
  • an antenna 1a according to the invention comprises two plates 4a and 5a which have an identical contour except for the respective assembly slots 41a and 51a along the right angle side common 25a and which each bring together two opposite wings 21a, 23a and 22a, 24a whose contours are different.
  • the wings 21a and 24a differ from the wings 22a and 23a by the profile of their hypotenuses, and differ from the wings in right triangle 21 to 24 by a longer short side of horizontal right angle.
  • the wings 21a and 24a each have a hypotenuse profile having two successive semicircular projections 25a, 26a.
  • the profile of the hypotenuse of the other two wings 22a and 23a has a projection 27a, 28a which extends substantially parallel to the hypotenuse of corresponding wings 22 and 23 and which is connected to the remaining two thirds of the hypotenuse and to the base of the plate by two convex fillets.
  • the profiles of the wings 21a, 24a and 23a, 22a in each of the plates 4a and 5a have an aesthetic appearance so as to read there the acronym DAB, the letter D being represented by the projection 28a, 27a, the letter A by the triangular apex isosceles 43a, 53a of plate 4a, 4b, and the letter B by the double projection 25a, 26a.
  • the dimensions of the antenna 1 are deduced from those of the antenna by extending it linearly the straight sections of the hypotenuses and bases from the wings of the antenna to their base.
  • FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 Three vertical directivity diagrams are shown in FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 respectively for azimuths A of 45 °, 180 ° and 270 ° marked around the axis 25a of the antenna from wing 21a, as shown in Figure 7, for several frequencies between 1482 and 1492 MHz.
  • the antenna 1a was located 1.42 meters from the ground on the roof of a vehicle and was used as a transmitting antenna at the center of a vertical semi-circular gantry for measuring electromagnetic power comprising a mobile receiving antenna capable of be moved in elevation from 0 to ⁇ 90 ° around the antenna la on either side of the vertical axis 25a thereof.
  • These vertical directivity diagrams are naturally valid for the antenna 1a used as a receiving antenna, by virtue of the principle of reciprocity of electromagnetic waves.
  • the major part of the ends of two main lobes comprised between attenuations of 0 and - 1 db extends substantially on either side of a site angle of 75 ° to 80 ° from the vertical over a width of plus or minus 5 to 10 °. Almost no secondary lobe appears in the center of the diagrams.
  • the antenna according to the invention is very directive in a direction almost perpendicular to the axis 25a of the antenna, that is to say an almost horizontal direction in practice, and is thus particularly intended to receive signals propagating near the ground.
  • the antenna according to the invention has an almost circular horizontal directivity diagram, and is therefore almost omnidirectional.
  • This horizontal directivity diagram is derived from the combination of two directivity diagrams of the pairs of wings 21a, 23a and 22a, 24a each comprising substantially two circles symmetrical with respect to the horizontal trace of the respective plate 4a, 5a and centered on the mediator of this trace, which mediator is confused with the trace of the other plate 5a, 4a when the plates 4a and 5a are perpendicular.

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Description

La présente invention concerne une antenne à large bande de haute fréquence. Plus particulièrement, elle est fixée sur la carrosserie d'un véhicule en tant qu'antenne de réception en radiodiffusion sonore à modulation de fréquence.The present invention relates to an antenna with high frequency broadband. More particularly, it is fixed to the bodywork of a vehicle as a receiving antenna in FM sound broadcasting.

Une telle antenne connue est de type "fouet" ou "bout de fil" constitué par un brin conducteur sensiblement vertical.
   Le diagramme de directivité horizontale est théoriquement circulaire, et l'antenne est quasiment omnidirectionnelle si elle est placée convenablement sur le véhicule, sans trop être perturbée par la carrosserie de celui-ci.
   Dans un plan vertical, l'antenne "fouet" avec son image dans le miroir constitué par la carrosserie du véhicule se comporte comme un doublet. Très approximativement, le diagramme de directivité verticale est constitué par deux lobes sensiblement demi-circulaires comme des oreilles, symétriques par rapport à l'axe vertical de l'antenne, tangents à cet axe au pied de l'antenne et situés au-dessus de l'horizontale formée par la carrosserie du véhicule. La puissance captée par l'antenne "fouet" s'étend ainsi dans un secteur en site de 40° à 50° depuis l'horizontale.
   En radiodiffusion sonore, les sources émettant les signaux de radiodiffusion sonore sont très directives pour rayonner à quelques mètres du sol. L'antenne "fouet" ne capte alors qu'une faible puissance utile, due à la faible directivité verticale de l'antenne, et est largement sujette aux parasites, d'autant plus qu'elle présente un lobe secondaire vertical conséquent le long de l'axe de l'antenne.Such a known antenna is of the "whip" or "end of wire" type consisting of a substantially vertical conductive strand.
The horizontal directivity diagram is theoretically circular, and the antenna is almost omnidirectional if it is placed correctly on the vehicle, without being too disturbed by the body of the latter.
In a vertical plane, the "whip" antenna with its image in the mirror formed by the vehicle body behaves like a doublet. Very roughly, the vertical directivity diagram consists of two substantially semicircular lobes like ears, symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis of the antenna, tangent to this axis at the foot of the antenna and located above the horizontal formed by the vehicle body. The power picked up by the "whip" antenna thus extends in an elevated sector from 40 ° to 50 ° from the horizontal.
In sound broadcasting, the sources emitting the sound broadcasting signals are very directive to radiate a few meters from the ground. The "whip" antenna then picks up only a small useful power, due to the low vertical directivity of the antenna, and is largely subject to parasites, all the more since it has a consequent vertical secondary lobe along the axis of the antenna.

Le brevet US-A-3 050 730 (figure 11) divulgue une antenne avec une structure à quatre ailes formée par deux plaques rectangulaires croisées perpendiculairement l'une à l'autre. Chaque aile est un rectangle et les quatre ailes ont en commun un grand côté. L'antenne est alimentée à la base centrale des ailes par un conducteur central de ligne coaxiale.
   Cette antenne à quatre ailes rectangulaires est quasiment omnidirectionnelle dans un plan horizontal, c'est-à-dire dans un plan perpendiculaire au côté commun aux ailes. Toutefois, dans un plan vertical, c'est-à-dire dans un plan contenant le côté commun aux ailes, cette antenne à quatre ailes rectangulaires présente deux lobes principaux qui sont nettement relevés par rapport à l'horizontale, ainsi que des petits lobes secondaires autour de l'axe vertical de l'antenne confondu avec le côté commun aux ailes.US-A-3,050,730 (Figure 11) discloses an antenna with a four-wing structure formed by two rectangular plates crossed perpendicular to each other. Each wing is a rectangle and the four wings have one long side in common. The antenna is supplied at the central base of the wings by a central conductor of coaxial line.
This antenna with four rectangular wings is almost omnidirectional in a horizontal plane, that is to say in a plane perpendicular to the side common to the wings. However, in a vertical plane, that is to say in a plane containing the side common to the wings, this antenna with four rectangular wings has two main lobes which are clearly raised relative to the horizontal, as well as small lobes secondary around the vertical axis of the antenna combined with the side common to the wings.

La présente invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients du diagramme de directivité verticale des antennes connues précitées en fournissant une antenne à haute fréquence qui dans un plan vertical est très directive quasiment suivant l'horizontale, c'est-à-dire quasiment suivant des directions perpendiculaires à l'axe de l'antenne, tout en conservant le caractère quasiment omnidirectionnel dans un plan horizontal. The present invention aims to remedy the disadvantages of the vertical directivity diagram of the above-mentioned known antennas by providing a high frequency antenna which in a vertical plane is very directive almost horizontally, that is to say almost following directions perpendicular to the antenna axis, while retaining the almost omnidirectional character in a horizontal plane.

A cette fin, une antenne à haute fréquence avec une structure à quatre ailes est caractérisée en ce que chaque aile a un contour sensiblement en triangle rectangle, et les contours des ailes ont en commun un côté d'angle droit. Cette structure confère à l'antenne une directivité très marquée quasiment perpendiculaire à son axe, c'est-à-dire au côté d'angle droit commun, et donc suivant des directions sensiblement parallèles à l'horizontale lorsque l'antenne est verticale. Ainsi, l'antenne est quasiment omnidirectionnelle dans un plan presque perpendiculaire à l'axe de l'antenne. Les sommets d'angle droit des ailes sont reliés à un pied de l'antenne recueillant la puissance rayonnée reçue vers un récepteur approprié à bord d'un véhicule.
   Les ailes de l'antenne sont de préférence sensiblement identiques, bien qu'elles puissent être quelques peu différentes notamment en ce qui concerne leurs contours sans modifier notablement les performances de l'antenne.
   De préférence, la longueur du côté d'angle droit commun de l'antenne est comprise entre 4 à 6 longueurs de l'autre côté d'angle droit de chaque aile, pour des fréquences de réception de l'ordre du gigahertz. Les ailes de l'antenne peuvent former entr'elles deux à deux un angle sensiblement compris entre 80 et 90°, sans modifier notablement le caractère quasi-omnidirectionnel de l'antenne.To this end, a high frequency antenna with a structure with four wings is characterized in that each wing has a contour substantially in a right triangle, and the contours of the wings have in common a side of a right angle. This structure gives the antenna a very marked directivity almost perpendicular to its axis, that is to say on the side of common right angle, and therefore in directions substantially parallel to the horizontal when the antenna is vertical. Thus, the antenna is almost omnidirectional in a plane almost perpendicular to the axis of the antenna. The right angle vertices of the wings are connected to a foot of the antenna collecting the radiated power received towards an appropriate receiver on board a vehicle.
The wings of the antenna are preferably substantially identical, although they may be somewhat different in particular as regards their contours without significantly modifying the performance of the antenna.
Preferably, the length of the common right angle side of the antenna is between 4 to 6 lengths of the other right angle side of each wing, for reception frequencies of the order of gigahertz. The wings of the antenna can form between them two by two an angle substantially between 80 and 90 °, without significantly modifying the quasi-omnidirectional character of the antenna.

La fabrication de l'antenne peut être réalisée à partir de première et seconde plaques sensiblement en triangle isocèle formant chacune deux paires d'ailes opposées.
   Les deux plaques peuvent être fendues pour s'assembler. Dans ce cas, la première plaque de l'antenne comporte une fente qui s'étend sensiblement le long de la demi-hauteur issue de la base de la première plaque, depuis le sommet de la première plaque, et dans laquelle est insérée une portion de la seconde plaque s'étendant sensiblement le long de la demi-hauteur de la base de la seconde plaque, depuis le sommet de la seconde plaque, et la seconde plaque comporte une fente qui s'étend sensiblement le long de la demi-hauteur issue de la base de la seconde plaque, depuis le milieu de la base de la seconde plaque, et dans laquelle est insérée une portion de la première plaque s'étendant sensiblement le long de la demi-hauteur de la base de la première plaque, depuis le milieu de la base de la première plaque.The antenna can be manufactured from first and second plates substantially in an isosceles triangle, each forming two pairs of opposite wings.
The two plates can be split to assemble. In this case, the first plate of the antenna has a slot which extends substantially along the half-height coming from the base of the first plate, from the top of the first plate, and into which a portion is inserted. of the second plate extending substantially along the half-height of the base of the second plate, from the top of the second plate, and the second plate has a slot which extends substantially along the half-height from the base of the second plate, from the middle of the base of the second plate, and into which is inserted a portion of the first plate extending substantially along the half-height of the base of the first plate, from the middle of the base of the first plate.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaítront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante de plusieurs réalisations préférées de l'invention en référence aux dessins annexés correspondants dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une antenne à ailes en triangle rectangle selon une première réalisation de l'invention ;
  • les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues de la première réalisation de l'antenne, prises respectivement suivant les flèches F2 et F3 dans la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue de dessus de l'antenne de la figure 1 ;
  • les figures 5 et 6 sont respectivement des vues de face de deux plaques formant chacune deux ailes opposées dans l'antenne de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue en perspective d'une antenne à ailes sensiblement en rectangle rectangle selon une seconde réalisation de l'invention ;
  • les figures 8 et 9 sont respectivement des vues de face de deux plaques formant chacune deux ailes opposées dans l'antenne de la figure 7 ; et
  • les figures 10, 11 et 12 sont des diagrammes de directivité verticale de la seconde réalisation d'antenne, pour des azimuts de 45°, 180° et 270° repérés dans la figure 7, respectivement.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description of several preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the corresponding appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a winged antenna in a right triangle according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • Figures 2 and 3 are views of the first embodiment of the antenna, taken respectively along the arrows F2 and F3 in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a top view of the antenna of Figure 1;
  • Figures 5 and 6 are respectively front views of two plates each forming two opposite wings in the antenna of Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of a wing antenna substantially in a rectangle rectangle according to a second embodiment of the invention;
  • Figures 8 and 9 are respectively front views of two plates each forming two opposite wings in the antenna of Figure 7; and
  • Figures 10, 11 and 12 are vertical directivity diagrams of the second embodiment of the antenna, for azimuths of 45 °, 180 ° and 270 ° identified in Figure 7, respectively.

En référence à la figure 1, une antenne à large bande de haute fréquence 1 selon l'invention présente une structure ayant quatre ailes plates verticales 21, 22, 23 et 24, chacune ayant un contour en triangle rectangle. Les ailes ont en commun un grand côté d'angle droit vertical 25 de sorte que les petits côtés d'angle droit horizontaux des ailes soient coplanaires. Au sommet commun des angles droits des ailes est fixé un pied fileté 3 pour être vissé dans un manchon taraudé solidaire d'un support de l'antenne, par exemple la carrosserie d'un véhicule, en particulier le pavillon de celui-ci. En variante, le pied 3 est vissé dans une embase magnétique amovible à appliquer sur la carosserie du véhicule.
   Comme montré aux figures 2 à 6, les quatre ailes sont monolithiques par paires 21, 23 et 22, 24 formées dans deux plaques métalliques en laiton 4 et 5 sensiblement identiques et à contour en triangle isocèle. Les deux plaques sont liées l'une à l'autre pour former entr'elles un angle sensiblement droit, compris entre 80° et 90°. La première plaque 4 comporte une fente supérieure 41 qui s'étend sensiblement le long de la demi-hauteur issue de la base 42 de la première plaque, depuis le sommet 43 de la première plaque. La seconde plaque 5 comporte une fente inférieure 51 qui s'étend sensiblement le long de la demi-hauteur issue de la base 52 de la seconde plaque, depuis le milieu de la base 52. La largeur des fentes 41 et 51 est de l'ordre de l'épaisseur des plaques 4 et 5.
   Pour assembler les plaques 4 et 5 afin de constituer l'antenne 1, la seconde plaque 5 est présentée sensiblement à angle droit au-dessus du sommet 43 de la première plaque 42 puis descendue le long de la hauteur de base de la première plaque. Simultanément et progressivement, la portion de la seconde plaque 5 s'étendant sensiblement le long de la demi-hauteur de base depuis le sommet 53 de la seconde plaque, au-dessus de la fente 51 est glissée et contenue dans la fente 41 de la première plaque, et la portion de la première plaque 4 s'étendant sensiblement le long de la demi-hauteur de base depuis le milieu de la première plaque, au-dessous de la fente 41, est glissée et contenue dans la fente 51 de la seconde plaque. Les plaques sont ensuite collées ou soudées l'une à l'autre le long du côté d'angle droit commun aux ailes, c'est-à-dire le long des hauteurs de base des plaques isocèles.
   Deux encoches rectangulaires 44 et 54 ménagées au milieu des bases 42 et 52 des plaques 4 et 5 délimitent un espace cylindrique de manière à y souder une extrémité lisse du pied cylindrique 3.Referring to Figure 1, a high frequency broadband antenna 1 according to the invention has a structure having four vertical flat wings 21, 22, 23 and 24, each having a contour in right triangle. The wings have in common a large vertical right angle side 25 so that the short horizontal right angle sides of the wings are coplanar. At the common top of the right angles of the wings is fixed a threaded foot 3 to be screwed into a threaded sleeve secured to an antenna support, for example the body of a vehicle, in particular the roof of the latter. Alternatively, the foot 3 is screwed into a removable magnetic base to be applied to the vehicle body.
As shown in Figures 2 to 6, the four wings are monolithic in pairs 21, 23 and 22, 24 formed in two brass metal plates 4 and 5 substantially identical and with an isosceles triangle outline. The two plates are linked to each other to form a substantially right angle between them, between 80 ° and 90 °. The first plate 4 has an upper slot 41 which extends substantially along the half-height coming from the base 42 of the first plate, from the top 43 of the first plate. The second plate 5 has a lower slot 51 which extends substantially along the half-height coming from the base 52 of the second plate, from the middle of the base 52. The width of the slots 41 and 51 is of the order of thickness of plates 4 and 5.
To assemble the plates 4 and 5 in order to constitute the antenna 1, the second plate 5 is presented substantially at right angles above the apex 43 of the first plate 42 and then lowered along the base height of the first plate. Simultaneously and gradually, the portion of the second plate 5 extending substantially along the base half-height from the top 53 of the second plate, above the slot 51 is slid and contained in the slot 41 of the first plate, and the portion of the first plate 4 extending substantially along the base half-height from the middle of the first plate, below the slot 41, is slid and contained in the slot 51 of the second plate. The plates are then glued or welded to each other along the right angle side common to the wings, that is to say along the base heights of the isosceles plates.
Two rectangular notches 44 and 54 formed in the middle of the bases 42 and 52 of the plates 4 and 5 delimit a cylindrical space so as to weld thereon a smooth end of the cylindrical base 3.

La forme exactement en triangle rectangle des ailes ainsi que l'identité entre les dimensions des ailes ne sont pas essentielles au fonctionnement de l'antenne, dans la mesure où les ailes présentent des contours sensiblement triangulaire rectangle sensiblement analogues.
   Par exemple, comme montré aux figures 7 à 9, une antenne la selon l'invention comprend deux plaques 4a et 5a qui ont un contour identique à l'exception des fentes d'assemblage respectives 41a et 51a le long du côté d'angle droit commun 25a et qui réunissent chacune deux ailes opposées 21a, 23a et 22a, 24a dont les contours sont différents. Les ailes 21a et 24a diffèrent des ailes 22a et 23a par le profil de leurs hypoténuses, et diffèrent des ailes en triangle rectangle 21 à 24 par un plus long petit côté d'angle droit horizontal. Sur environ le tiers de la longueur de l'hypoténuse depuis les bases de plaque 42a et 52a, les ailes 21a et 24a comportent chacune un profil d'hypoténuse ayant deux saillies successives demi-circulaires 25a, 26a. Sur environ le tiers de la longueur de l'hypoténuse depuis les bases de plaque 52a et 42a, le profil de l'hypoténuse des deux autres ailes 22a et 23a comporte une saillie 27a, 28a qui s'étend sensiblement parallèlement à l'hypoténuse des ailes correspondantes 22 et 23 et qui est raccordée aux deux tiers restant de l'hypoténuse et à la base de plaque par deux congés convexes. Les profils des ailes 21a, 24a et 23a, 22a dans chacune des plaques 4a et 5a ont un aspect esthétique de manière à y lire le sigle DAB, la lettre D étant représentée par la saillie 28a, 27a, la lettre A par le sommet triangulaire isocèle 43a, 53a de la plaque 4a, 4b, et la lettre B par la double saillie 25a, 26a.The exactly right triangle shape of the wings as well as the identity between the dimensions of the wings are not essential to the functioning of the antenna, insofar as the wings have substantially similar rectangular triangular contours.
For example, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, an antenna 1a according to the invention comprises two plates 4a and 5a which have an identical contour except for the respective assembly slots 41a and 51a along the right angle side common 25a and which each bring together two opposite wings 21a, 23a and 22a, 24a whose contours are different. The wings 21a and 24a differ from the wings 22a and 23a by the profile of their hypotenuses, and differ from the wings in right triangle 21 to 24 by a longer short side of horizontal right angle. Over approximately one third of the length of the hypotenuse from the plate bases 42a and 52a, the wings 21a and 24a each have a hypotenuse profile having two successive semicircular projections 25a, 26a. Over about a third of the length of the hypotenuse from the plate bases 52a and 42a, the profile of the hypotenuse of the other two wings 22a and 23a has a projection 27a, 28a which extends substantially parallel to the hypotenuse of corresponding wings 22 and 23 and which is connected to the remaining two thirds of the hypotenuse and to the base of the plate by two convex fillets. The profiles of the wings 21a, 24a and 23a, 22a in each of the plates 4a and 5a have an aesthetic appearance so as to read there the acronym DAB, the letter D being represented by the projection 28a, 27a, the letter A by the triangular apex isosceles 43a, 53a of plate 4a, 4b, and the letter B by the double projection 25a, 26a.

A titre d'exemple, l'antenne la pour le service de radiodiffusion sonore numérique de haute qualité dans le cadre du programme européen DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting) présente les dimensions indiquées ci-après pour l'utiliser comme antenne de réception à environ 1,5 GHz avec une largeur de bande comprise typiquement entre 1452 et 1492 MHz, soit 40 MHz, dans laquelle sont multiplexées en fréquence 160 sous-porteuses de signaux numériques de radiodiffusion sonore de haute qualité espacées d'un pas de 250 kHz

  • hauteur des ailes : 85 mm ;
  • largeur des ailes (non comprises les saillies 25a à 28a) : 17,3 et 17,5 mm ;
  • largeur de chaque plaque 4a, 5a prise aux extrémités supérieures des saillies : 25 mm ;
  • rayon des congés aux extrémités d'une saillie 27a, 28a : 7,5 mm, et position en hauteur des centres des congés depuis la base: 7,5 et 22,5 mm ;
  • rayon des deux saillies semi-circulaires 25a, 26a : 7,7 mm, et position en hauteur des centres des congés des saillies semi-circulaires depuis la base : 7,7 et 22,3 mm ;
  • longueur de la fente 41a : 45 mm ;
  • longueur de la fente 51a : 40 mm ;
  • largeur des fentes et épaisseur des plaques : 1,5 mm ;
  • largeur et hauteur de l'encoche 44a, 54a de la plaque 4a, 5a : 6 mm.
For example, the antenna la for the high quality digital sound broadcasting service within the framework of the European program DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting) has the dimensions indicated below to use it as reception antenna at about 1 , 5 GHz with a bandwidth typically between 1452 and 1492 MHz, or 40 MHz, in which 160 sub-carriers of high quality digital sound broadcasting signals are spaced in 250 kHz steps
  • wing height: 85 mm;
  • width of the wings (not including the projections 25a to 28a): 17.3 and 17.5 mm;
  • width of each plate 4a, 5a taken at the upper ends of the projections: 25 mm;
  • radius of the leaves at the ends of a projection 27a, 28a: 7.5 mm, and position in height of the centers of the leaves from the base: 7.5 and 22.5 mm;
  • radius of the two semi-circular projections 25a, 26a: 7.7 mm, and position in height of the centers of the leaves of the semi-circular projections from the base: 7.7 and 22.3 mm;
  • length of slot 41a: 45 mm;
  • length of the slot 51a: 40 mm;
  • width of the slots and thickness of the plates: 1.5 mm;
  • width and height of the notch 44a, 54a of the plate 4a, 5a: 6 mm.

Les dimensions de l'antenne 1 se déduisent de celles de l'antenne la en prolongeant linéairement les tronçons rectilignes des hypoténuses et des bases des ailes de l'antenne la jusqu'à leur base.The dimensions of the antenna 1 are deduced from those of the antenna by extending it linearly the straight sections of the hypotenuses and bases from the wings of the antenna to their base.

Trois diagrammes de directivité verticale sont montrés aux figures 10, 11 et 12 respectivement pour des azimuts A de 45°, 180° et 270° repérés autour de l'axe 25a de l'antenne à partir de l'aile 21a, comme montré à la figure 7, pour plusieurs fréquences entre 1482 et 1492 MHz. L'antenne la était située à 1,42 mètre du sol sur le pavillon d'un véhicule et était utilisée comme antenne d'émission au centre d'un portique semi-circulaire vertical de mesure de puissance électromagnétique comportant une antenne mobile de réception pouvant être déplacée en site de 0 à ± 90° autour de l'antenne la de part et d'autre de l'axe vertical 25a de celle-ci. Ces diagrammes de directivité verticale sont naturellement valables pour l'antenne la utilisée en antenne de réception, en vertu du principe de réciprocité des ondes électromagnétiques.
   Sur ces trois diagrammes, la majeure partie des extrémités de deux lobes principaux comprise entre des affaiblissements de 0 et - 1 db s'étend sensiblement de part et d'autre d'un angle en site de 75° à 80° à compter de la verticale sur une largeur de plus ou moins 5 à 10°. Quasiment aucun lobe secondaire n'apparaít au centre des diagrammes. Ainsi, relativement à chaque diagramme, l'antenne selon l'invention est très directive suivant une direction presque perpendiculaire à l'axe 25a de l'antenne, c'est-à-dire une direction quasiment horizontale en pratique, et est ainsi particulièrement destinée à capter des signaux se propageant à proximité du sol.
   En comparant les trois diagrammes, l'énergie rayonnée varie très peu entre les directions quasiment horizontales et est quasiment indépendante de la direction en azimut, qu'elle soit suivant les ailes, comme montré aux figures 11 et 12, ou qu'elle soit entre celles-ci, comme montré à la figure 10. Par conséquent, l'antenne selon l'invention présente un diagramme de directivité horizontale quasiment circulaire, et est donc quasiment omnidirectionnelle. Ce diagramme de directivité horizontale est issu de la combinaison de deux diagrammes de directivité des paires d'ailes 21a, 23a et 22a, 24a comprenant chacun sensiblement deux cercles symétriques par rapport à la trace horizontale de la plaque respective 4a, 5a et centrés sur la médiatrice de cette trace, laquelle médiatrice est confondue avec la trace de l'autre plaque 5a, 4a lorsque les plaques 4a et 5a sont perpendiculaires.Three vertical directivity diagrams are shown in FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 respectively for azimuths A of 45 °, 180 ° and 270 ° marked around the axis 25a of the antenna from wing 21a, as shown in Figure 7, for several frequencies between 1482 and 1492 MHz. The antenna 1a was located 1.42 meters from the ground on the roof of a vehicle and was used as a transmitting antenna at the center of a vertical semi-circular gantry for measuring electromagnetic power comprising a mobile receiving antenna capable of be moved in elevation from 0 to ± 90 ° around the antenna la on either side of the vertical axis 25a thereof. These vertical directivity diagrams are naturally valid for the antenna 1a used as a receiving antenna, by virtue of the principle of reciprocity of electromagnetic waves.
On these three diagrams, the major part of the ends of two main lobes comprised between attenuations of 0 and - 1 db extends substantially on either side of a site angle of 75 ° to 80 ° from the vertical over a width of plus or minus 5 to 10 °. Almost no secondary lobe appears in the center of the diagrams. Thus, relative to each diagram, the antenna according to the invention is very directive in a direction almost perpendicular to the axis 25a of the antenna, that is to say an almost horizontal direction in practice, and is thus particularly intended to receive signals propagating near the ground.
By comparing the three diagrams, the radiated energy varies very little between the almost horizontal directions and is almost independent of the direction in azimuth, whether it is along the wings, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, or whether it is between these, as shown in FIG. 10. Consequently, the antenna according to the invention has an almost circular horizontal directivity diagram, and is therefore almost omnidirectional. This horizontal directivity diagram is derived from the combination of two directivity diagrams of the pairs of wings 21a, 23a and 22a, 24a each comprising substantially two circles symmetrical with respect to the horizontal trace of the respective plate 4a, 5a and centered on the mediator of this trace, which mediator is confused with the trace of the other plate 5a, 4a when the plates 4a and 5a are perpendicular.

Claims (7)

  1. A high-frequency antenna having a four-wing structure, characterised in that each wing (21 to 24) has a contour substantially in the form of a right-angled triangle, and the wing contours have a side (25) of the right angle in common.
  2. A high-frequency antenna according to claim 1, wherein the wings (21 to 24) are substantially identical.
  3. A high-frequency antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the length of the common side of the right angle (25) is between 4 and 6 times the length of the other side of the right angle on each wing.
  4. A high-frequency antenna according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wings (21 - 24) in pairs form an angle substantially between 80 and 90°.
  5. A high-frequency antenna according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the wings (21 to 24) have right-angled apices connected to a foot (3) of the antenna.
  6. A high-frequency antenna according to any of claims 1 to 5, comprising first and second plates (4, 5) substantially in the shape of an isosceles triangle and each forming two pairs of opposite wings (21, 23; 22, 24).
  7. A high-frequency antenna according to claim 6, wherein:
    the first plate (4) has a slot (41) which extends substantially along half the height from the base (42) of the first plate to the apex (43) of the first plate, and wherein a portion of the second plate (5) is inserted and extends substantially along half the height from the base (52) of the second plate to the apex (53) of the second plate, and
    the second plate (5) has a slot (51) which extends substantially half way along the height from the base (52) of the second plate to the middle of the base of the second plate and in which a portion of the first plate (4) is inserted and extends substantially along half the height from the base (42) of the first plate to the middle from the base of the first plate.
EP97919128A 1996-10-02 1997-09-18 High frequency antenna Expired - Lifetime EP0929914B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9612165 1996-10-02
FR9612165A FR2754109B1 (en) 1996-10-02 1996-10-02 HIGH FREQUENCY ANTENNA
PCT/FR1997/001654 WO1998015032A1 (en) 1996-10-02 1997-09-18 High frequency antenna

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0929914A1 EP0929914A1 (en) 1999-07-21
EP0929914B1 true EP0929914B1 (en) 2002-05-22

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EP97919128A Expired - Lifetime EP0929914B1 (en) 1996-10-02 1997-09-18 High frequency antenna

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EP (1) EP0929914B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69712769T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2173440T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2754109B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1998015032A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI990396A (en) * 1999-02-24 2000-08-25 Nokia Networks Oy antenna radiator
WO2005006488A1 (en) * 2003-07-10 2005-01-20 Upm-Kymmene Corporation Planar antenna
KR100846487B1 (en) * 2003-12-08 2008-07-17 삼성전자주식회사 Ultra-wide band antenna having isotropic radiation pattern
US20060164307A1 (en) * 2005-01-26 2006-07-27 Innerwireless, Inc. Low profile antenna
US7408521B2 (en) 2006-04-12 2008-08-05 Innerwireless, Inc. Low profile bicone antenna

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1658761A (en) * 1926-06-07 1928-02-07 Joseph F Crance Radioantenna
GB712265A (en) * 1952-02-14 1954-07-21 Nat Res Dev Improvements in or relating to aerials
US3050730A (en) * 1959-07-09 1962-08-21 Sylvania Electric Prod Broadband plate antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2754109A1 (en) 1998-04-03
EP0929914A1 (en) 1999-07-21
ES2173440T3 (en) 2002-10-16
DE69712769T2 (en) 2002-11-07
WO1998015032A1 (en) 1998-04-09
DE69712769D1 (en) 2002-06-27
FR2754109B1 (en) 1998-11-13

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