EP0928947A1 - Optopyrotechnische Sprenginstallation - Google Patents

Optopyrotechnische Sprenginstallation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0928947A1
EP0928947A1 EP99400012A EP99400012A EP0928947A1 EP 0928947 A1 EP0928947 A1 EP 0928947A1 EP 99400012 A EP99400012 A EP 99400012A EP 99400012 A EP99400012 A EP 99400012A EP 0928947 A1 EP0928947 A1 EP 0928947A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laser
control
outputs
installation according
input
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99400012A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0928947B1 (de
Inventor
Robert Patrick Barbiche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cardem Demolition SA
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Cardem Demolition SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Cardem Demolition SA filed Critical Cardem Demolition SA
Publication of EP0928947A1 publication Critical patent/EP0928947A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0928947B1 publication Critical patent/EP0928947B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/113—Initiators therefor activated by optical means, e.g. laser, flashlight

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an installation designed to ensure demolition or destruction, using explosives, constructions such as buildings, industrial buildings, engineering structures, rocks and generally any structure natural or having been the subject of an edification preliminary (buildings, public works, works underground, quarries, etc.).
  • the global explosion is broken down into a multitude of small explosions spaced apart in time.
  • micro-delay detonators For this purpose, we usually use electric micro-delay detonators, grouped by series (for example of twenty units). Spacing over time (e.g. 25 thousandths of a second) is provided between each detonator of the same series.
  • Explosives are also usually used sequential, ensuring the ignition of several detonator lines spaced over time. Several sequential exploders can then be mated.
  • the existing installations operating on this principle include 1,500 to 2,000 detonators per shot. Because of spacing of explosions triggered by installation, the shot can last up to 3 to 4 seconds. This shot follows mining work and priming which can last 3 to 4 days, even a week.
  • primers nuisance or damage may occur during the entire duration of the preliminary mining work and priming.
  • stray currents that may occur around the initiated charges.
  • These stray currents can have different origins such as the lightning, and currents from networks electrical overhead or located in the ground, currents from neighboring electrical installations in service (electrical transformers, catenary lines of railways or trams, lighting lamps etc.) and the natural currents flowing underground in the case of tunnel drilling.
  • Unintentional ignition of charges can also originate from the use of devices electronics such as radios, walkie-talkies, cell phones, etc. close to these charges.
  • An inadvertent firing of detonators may also occur during transport or during storage, for example due to stray currents or accidents of various origins.
  • the existing demolition facilities in electric fires are also prone to failures that can affect the demolition work. These failures are mainly caused by sons cut or in contact with earths metal such as protective mesh, metallic equipment of buildings to be demolished, etc. When the building to be demolished is an important metal structure such as a thermal power plant, failures can also originate from fields electrics produced by the huge mass of scrap metal from the building.
  • the electric detonators used in existing demolition facilities can be stolen and easily reused as well when their transport or their storage only after their placing in place in the building to be demolished.
  • the subject of the invention is precisely a demolition facility, the design of which original allows it to delete all disadvantages of existing installations to order electric, in particular by eliminating any risk of accidental or malicious fire, both during mining and priming work only during the prior storage and transport of the components of the installation.
  • the aforementioned characteristic also makes it possible to safely demolish buildings located in large urban centers despite the large number of electronic devices present in these centers.
  • optically controlled detonators do not can be used in case of theft.
  • a calculator makes it possible to determine easily the place of a possible rupture in the optical fiber.
  • the laser sources are sources with solid bar pumped, operating in relaxed mode.
  • Each control unit then includes only one laser source and an optical splitter coupler having an input capable of receiving the laser beam emitted by the laser source and several outputs forming the outputs of the control unit.
  • At least some of the optical fibers then connect several initiators pyrotechnics at one of the outputs of the control through at least a second coupler optical divider.
  • each control center includes secondary input and return means able to direct towards the input of the splitter coupler optical an additional laser beam entering the control unit through its secondary input.
  • a additional laser source common to all groups is then provided, so as to emit the laser beam additional, when necessary by following a laser source failure in one of the control centers.
  • Each control unit can also include an auxiliary control input and second return means, capable of establishing a route derivative optics between the auxiliary control input and the input of the optical splitter coupler of this central control.
  • This arrangement allows in particular to control the integrity of optical fibers by means of a visible light source placed in front of the entrance control assistant.
  • Each control unit includes preferably a retractable shutter capable of being placed between the laser source and the input of the splitter coupler optical.
  • the second return means are formed on this retractable shutter, when the latter occupies a active shutter position.
  • Each control unit can also include a standard safety switch with the laser source control switch.
  • the laser sources are laser diodes.
  • Each control unit then includes as many laser diodes as outputs and each laser diode is optically connected to one of these outputs.
  • each of the laser diodes can be mounted in series with a separate control switch in each of the control units.
  • a common safety switch is fitted in series with all the laser diodes of each control unit.
  • the laser diodes form a matrix of n rows and m columns, the laser diodes of each line being connected in series with a first control switch and the outputs of the laser diodes of each column being connected to a second control switch.
  • the demolition facility includes several groups completely independent, each comprising a control center 10 a number pyrotechnic initiators 12 with optical control, as well as optical fibers 14 connecting each of the pyrotechnic initiators 12 at one of the outputs 18 of the control unit 10 of the corresponding group.
  • Each of the control units 10 comprises in this case a single laser source 16, constituted by a laser source with a solid pumped rod, operating in relaxed mode, i.e. without triggering at using Pockels cells or any other means similar.
  • the characteristics of such a source laser are those of a relatively pulse train long (about 150 ⁇ s), capable of delivering a instantaneous power of the order of a few tens optical kilowatts.
  • This power level of laser sources 16 allows the laser beam to be divided, successively inside each control center 10, then possibly downstream of this plant.
  • first optical splitter coupler 22 Inside each of the command 10 and as illustrated more specifically the Figure 2, the division of the laser beam is ensured by a first optical splitter coupler 22.
  • This first optical splitter coupler 22 has an input single, located on the optical path of the laser source 16, so as to receive the laser beam emitted by this source.
  • the optical splitter coupler 22 includes also N outputs forming the outputs 18 of the control unit 10.
  • the number of exits 18 from each of the control units 10 is understood, by example, between four and twelve. It should be noted that the number of outputs 18 of control units 10 of each group can be the same or different from one group to another, without going outside the framework of the invention.
  • the optical fibers 14 allow each of the outputs 18 of the control units 10 as the case may be one or more of the pyrotechnic initiators 12 of the group considered.
  • all the other connections represented between the outputs of the power stations of command 10 and the optical inputs of the initiators pyrotechnics 12 are designed to connect several pyrotechnic initiators 12 to the same output 18.
  • the outputs are interposed 18 concerned and the initiators 12 scheduled to be connected to these outputs of the second dividing couplers optics 20.
  • each of the second optical splitter couplers 20 has one input single, which is connected to one of the outputs 18 of the corresponding control center 10 by a first fiber optic 14, as well as several outputs each of which is connected to one of the pyrotechnic initiators 12 by a corresponding optical fiber 14.
  • the second optical splitter couplers 20 used in the installation can be all identical or different types. Their number of outputs is for example, between 4 and 12.
  • the pyrotechnic initiators 12 are optically controlled detonators, capable of controlling the initiation of explosive charges placed in holes drilled in the structures of the structure to demolish.
  • Optically controlled detonators can be constituted as appropriate either by detonators to classic delays to which an entry has been adapted optical, either by existing opto-detonators designed for the space industry such as those who are described, for example, in documents FR-A-2 615 609 and FR-A-2 646 901.
  • each of the control units 10 includes a laser source power supply circuit 16.
  • This electrical supply circuit includes, in series between an input connector able to be connected to an external source (not shown) and the source laser 16, a safety switch 24, a low voltage / high voltage converter 26, as well a switch 28 for controlling the laser source 16.
  • this supply circuit is connected to the external electrical power source, setting work of the laser source 16 supposes the closing of each of switches 24 and 28.
  • the laser beam emitted by the laser source 16 during its implementation is transmitted to the input of the optical splitter coupler 22 by an optical adaptation 30.
  • a retractable shutter 32 is placed on the way optic which connects the laser source 16 to the input of the optical splitter coupler 22.
  • This shutter retractable 32 is controlled by a motor 34 which allows to move it between a retracted passive position, in which the shutter 32 is not placed on the aforementioned optical path, and an active position shutter, shown in Figure 2, in which the shutter is placed on this optical path.
  • the retractable shutter 32 and the switch security 24 constitute two security organs eliminating any risk of inadvertent ignition by following an unexpected closing of the command 28.
  • the retractable shutter 32 has a face tilted reflective 32a, turned towards optics adaptation 30 when the shutter occupies its position active shutter.
  • This angled reflective face 32a of the retractable shutter 32 constitutes means of dismissal, likely to direct towards the entry of optical splitter coupler 22 a light beam entering the control unit 10 through a auxiliary control input (not shown) or, at otherwise, direct to this auxiliary input of controls a light beam coming from one or many of the lines formed by optical fibers 14.
  • the measurement can be carried out in injecting a known power from the end of the supposedly faulty line, using possibly a conventional reflectrometer placed opposite the auxiliary input. Possible fault can thus be located since each line is independent in the direction of its end towards the control unit 10.
  • the auxiliary control input can also be used by the operator making the connection pyrotechnic initiators 12, to verify that it this is the right line, by simple visualization a light source 36 ( Figure 2) placed opposite the auxiliary control input and selected in the visible domain.
  • each of the control units 10 has a secondary optical input 40 and deflection means for directing a beam additional laser to the input of the splitter coupler optics 22, through the adaptation optics 30, in the case where the laser source 16 of this central command would be faulty.
  • the secondary optical input 40 is provided an appropriate adaptation lens and the means to return include a fixed return member such as a mirror 42, as well as a movable deflection member such than a mirror 44.
  • the movable return member 44 is controlled by a motor 46 which allows it to be moved between a position passive retracted ( Figure 2) and a position active. In this latter position, the mobile deflection 44 directs the additional laser beam, which enters the control center 10 by its secondary input 40, towards the input of the splitter coupler optics 22. More precisely, the laser beam additional entering the control unit 10 through secondary input 40 is returned by the device fixed return 42 to the return device mobile 44 and the latter is interposed between the output the laser source 16 and the retractable shutter 32, when placed in its active position.
  • the entire installation also includes an additional laser source 48 (FIG. 1) common to all groups, and can be used when of a shot if the laser source 16 of one of the central 10 is faulty. To this end, the additional laser source 48 is brought in front of the secondary optical input 40 of the central corresponding command.
  • This second embodiment stands out essentially from the first by the nature of laser sources, which consist of diodes laser 16. Since the power and energy delivered by a laser diode are significantly lower to those issued by a source pumped solid bar laser, as in the first described embodiment, in this case we use a separate laser source for each pyrotechnic initiator 12 and the presence of dividing couplers optics is excluded.
  • the installation is formed of a certain number of independent groups each comprising a control unit 10 with several outputs 18, pyrotechnic initiators 12, and optical fibers 14 connecting outputs 18 of each central command to the pyrotechnic initiators 12. More specifically, the number of outputs 18 is equal in this case to that of the pyrotechnic initiators 12 and a fiber optics 14 individually connects each of the outputs 18 to one of the pyrotechnic initiators 12.
  • each of the control units 10 comprises as many laser diodes 16 as outputs 18, the beam laser from each diode being directed towards a corresponding output.
  • all the diodes laser 16 are electrically connected in parallel in an electrical supply circuit intended to be connected to an external power source low voltage, illustrated at 49 in Figure 3.
  • a control switch 28 is mounted in series on each of the laser diodes 16, upstream of these.
  • the electrical circuit includes N branches parallel successively including a switch control 28 and a laser diode 16. Inside the control unit 10, all these branches are connected on a common power line which includes a safety switch 24. Downstream, the different parallel branches are connected on a return line 25 which loops the circuit towards the source low voltage power supply 49.
  • the safety switch 24, the switch 28 corresponding to this diode and the laser diode itself are connected in series.
  • each of the laser diodes 16 is controlled so independent by a separate control switch 28. There are therefore as many control switches as pyrotechnic initiators 12 to be ordered. This presents the advantage of authorizing the order of updates completely free fire.
  • FIG. 5 shows a variant of the second embodiment of the invention, making it possible to reduce the number of control switches 28.
  • each control unit 10 always comprises as many laser diodes 16 as there are outputs 18.
  • the laser diodes 16 are electrically connected together so as to form a matrix of n rows and m columns.
  • the laser diodes 16 of each line are connected in series with a first switch 28a and the outputs of the laser diodes 16 of each column are interconnected and connected to a return line 25 including a second control switch 28b.
  • a suspected failure of one of the lines can be detected from the end thereof, by means of devices conventional control systems (reflectrometry, echometry).
EP99400012A 1998-01-07 1999-01-05 Optopyrotechnische Sprengverwendung einer Installation. Expired - Lifetime EP0928947B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9800084 1998-01-07
FR9800084A FR2773394B1 (fr) 1998-01-07 1998-01-07 Installation optopyrotechnique de demolition

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0928947A1 true EP0928947A1 (de) 1999-07-14
EP0928947B1 EP0928947B1 (de) 2003-08-06

Family

ID=9521567

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99400012A Expired - Lifetime EP0928947B1 (de) 1998-01-07 1999-01-05 Optopyrotechnische Sprengverwendung einer Installation.

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6199483B1 (de)
EP (1) EP0928947B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4184517B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE246796T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69910087T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2205715T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2773394B1 (de)
PT (1) PT928947E (de)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7021216B1 (en) * 1999-04-20 2006-04-04 Orica Explosives Technology Pty. Ltd. Method of and system for controlling a blasting network
CA2410874C (en) * 2000-06-02 2009-04-14 Smi Technology (Pty) Limited Dual redundancy system for electronic detonators
US6460460B1 (en) * 2000-06-29 2002-10-08 University Of Maryland Laser-activated grenade with agile target effects
SE0100864L (sv) * 2001-03-14 2002-09-03 Bofors Bepab Ab Sätt och anordning för initiering av explosivämnesladdningar
US6718881B2 (en) * 2001-09-07 2004-04-13 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Ordnance control and initiation system and related method
US7201103B1 (en) 2002-02-25 2007-04-10 Bofors Bepab Ab Method for initiation and ignition of explosive charges through self-destruction of a laser source
FR2864217B1 (fr) * 2003-12-19 2008-02-08 Tda Armements Sas Dispositif de mise a feu optique notamment pour la protection active de vehicules.
PE20060926A1 (es) 2004-11-02 2006-09-04 Orica Explosives Tech Pty Ltd Montajes de detonadores inalambricos, aparatos de voladura correspondientes y metodos de voladura
WO2017083885A1 (en) * 2015-11-09 2017-05-18 Detnet South Africa (Pty) Ltd Wireless detonator
CN108662953B (zh) * 2018-04-13 2020-03-24 北京航天自动控制研究所 一种多路脉冲点火激光起爆系统
US11209257B2 (en) * 2019-12-12 2021-12-28 Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Voltage polarity immunity using reverse parallel laser diodes

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4391195A (en) * 1979-08-21 1983-07-05 Shann Peter C Detonation of explosive charges and equipment therefor
FR2615609A1 (fr) 1987-05-20 1988-11-25 Aerospatiale Dispositif d'amorcage photopyrotechnique et chaine photopyrotechnique utilisant ce dispositif
FR2646901A1 (fr) 1989-05-12 1990-11-16 Aerospatiale Dispositif d'amorcage photopyrotechnique comportant une microlentille sertie par un materiau a memoire de forme et chaine pyrotechnique utilisant ce dispositif
US5031187A (en) * 1990-02-14 1991-07-09 Bell Communications Research, Inc. Planar array of vertical-cavity, surface-emitting lasers
US5206455A (en) * 1991-03-28 1993-04-27 Quantic Industries, Inc. Laser initiated ordnance systems

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3618526A (en) * 1969-09-26 1971-11-09 Us Navy Pyrotechnic pumped laser for remote ordnance initiation system
US3812783A (en) * 1972-08-03 1974-05-28 Nasa Optically detonated explosive device
GB2055930B (en) * 1979-08-21 1983-03-16 Sightworth Ltd Detonation of explosive charges
GB2063964B (en) * 1979-08-21 1983-04-07 Sightworth Ltd Detonation of explosive charges
US4917014A (en) * 1989-04-24 1990-04-17 Kms Fusion, Inc. Laser ignition of explosives
US5138946A (en) * 1991-06-21 1992-08-18 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Laser diode apparatus for initiation of explosive devices
US5204490A (en) * 1991-06-21 1993-04-20 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Laser diode apparatus for initiation of explosive devices
US5756924A (en) * 1995-09-28 1998-05-26 The Regents Of The University Of California Multiple laser pulse ignition method and apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4391195A (en) * 1979-08-21 1983-07-05 Shann Peter C Detonation of explosive charges and equipment therefor
FR2615609A1 (fr) 1987-05-20 1988-11-25 Aerospatiale Dispositif d'amorcage photopyrotechnique et chaine photopyrotechnique utilisant ce dispositif
FR2646901A1 (fr) 1989-05-12 1990-11-16 Aerospatiale Dispositif d'amorcage photopyrotechnique comportant une microlentille sertie par un materiau a memoire de forme et chaine pyrotechnique utilisant ce dispositif
US5031187A (en) * 1990-02-14 1991-07-09 Bell Communications Research, Inc. Planar array of vertical-cavity, surface-emitting lasers
US5206455A (en) * 1991-03-28 1993-04-27 Quantic Industries, Inc. Laser initiated ordnance systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6199483B1 (en) 2001-03-13
DE69910087D1 (de) 2003-09-11
JP4184517B2 (ja) 2008-11-19
JPH11248396A (ja) 1999-09-14
EP0928947B1 (de) 2003-08-06
ES2205715T3 (es) 2004-05-01
FR2773394A1 (fr) 1999-07-09
DE69910087T2 (de) 2004-04-15
ATE246796T1 (de) 2003-08-15
FR2773394B1 (fr) 2000-02-11
PT928947E (pt) 2003-12-31

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