EP0927590A2 - Workpiece comprising a metal foam layer for the body of motor vehicles - Google Patents

Workpiece comprising a metal foam layer for the body of motor vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0927590A2
EP0927590A2 EP98122772A EP98122772A EP0927590A2 EP 0927590 A2 EP0927590 A2 EP 0927590A2 EP 98122772 A EP98122772 A EP 98122772A EP 98122772 A EP98122772 A EP 98122772A EP 0927590 A2 EP0927590 A2 EP 0927590A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
perforations
layer
component
cover layer
foaming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98122772A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0927590A3 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Seeliger
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Wilhelm Karmann GmbH
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Wilhelm Karmann GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wilhelm Karmann GmbH filed Critical Wilhelm Karmann GmbH
Publication of EP0927590A2 publication Critical patent/EP0927590A2/en
Publication of EP0927590A3 publication Critical patent/EP0927590A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
    • B22F3/1125—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
    • B22F7/004—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part
    • B22F7/006—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part the porous part being obtained by foaming

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component with a metallic Layer comprising foam material and a solid metallic cover layer according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • DE 196 12 781 C1 describes a generic component in which the Adhesive layers by roll cladding, the semi-finished product thus formed through a molding process, such as deep drawing, into one final contour on one side is formed before this semi-finished product through one or both sides limited foaming in a foaming mold is finally formed into the finished component.
  • This turns the Difficulty, especially if the training is not sufficiently homogeneous the mixture of metal powder and blowing agent in the foaming Layer that the blowing agent leads to gas bubble accumulation.
  • Such Gas bubbles in the foaming layer are suitable for the stability of the To endanger the entire component and even cracks during foaming to form in a solid metallic cover layer.
  • the invention is based on the problem, the quality of the generic type Improve components and the reject rate during series production to reduce.
  • the perforations are at least in one upper cover layer, but can also have a lower cover layer reach through an intermediate foam layer.
  • the perforation of the top layer also results in a sound engineering Improvement since sound waves hitting the component are not complete are reflected, but partially penetrate into the foam layer and dampened or completely absorbed.
  • a component 1 according to the invention has, as can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 5, a foamed layer 2, which is a metal powder and a blowing agent comprises, which are homogeneously mixed together by a mixing process and then under pressure, for example by axial pressing or by extrusion to a compact, foamable semi-finished product 2 '' has been compacted and solidified.
  • a foamed layer 2 which is a metal powder and a blowing agent comprises, which are homogeneously mixed together by a mixing process and then under pressure, for example by axial pressing or by extrusion to a compact, foamable semi-finished product 2 '' has been compacted and solidified.
  • the foamed layer 2 is on top and provided on the underside with a solid metal sheet 3, 4 each. It is also possible a foamed layer 2 with only one solid metallic To connect top layer 3 or 4 or groups of several different foamed layers, possibly separated by to produce solid metallic layers, for example to impact elements create, depending on the impact speed and thus energy different number of foamed layers on the deformation participates through the impact.
  • a double-sided with solid metal sheets 3 and 4 provided foamed layer 2 is the connection between the layer 2 foamed at the end of the process and the solid metallic layer Sheets 3 and 4 came about under pressure in such a way that a metallic bond between the individual layers 2 ', 3', 4 'has been reached before the forming and foaming.
  • roll cladding a composite from the foamable Semifinished product 2 '' after extrusion or axial pressing is created, and the solid metal sheets 3 '', 4 '' between make two rollers 5, so that a composite material 6 with a sandwich structure two solid metallic cover layers 3 'and 4' and one not yet foamed porous intermediate layer 2 'is formed.
  • Such an essentially flat metallic composite material 6 the in any case comprises a foamable layer 2 ', has between the metallic sheets 3 'and 4' and the foamable layer 2 ' metallic bonds and is now available for further processing.
  • This flat composite material 6 is initially more suitable in pieces Size divided, for example with the help of a saw.
  • the semi-finished product thus formed is provided with perforations 14, 15.
  • the perforations 14:15 are either discreetly done over a needle board or in a continuous process via a needle roller 16 in embossed the composite material 6.
  • the holes 14 reach through the upper solid metal cover layer 3 and reach into the still foamable Layer 2 'with their front end regions.
  • the perforations 15 reach through both the upper and lower solid metal Cover layer 3, 4 and completely penetrate through the channels still to be foamed Layer 2 '.
  • During the foaming of the layer 2 ' close the channels of the holes 15 in the layer, so that only holes 15 in the outer layers 3 and 4 after the foaming has ended remain.
  • the shaping can be carried out using known customary shaping measures, for example by deep drawing with and without hold-down devices, as is the case in body construction is known, or by a one-sided forming process, such as that Fluid cell method.
  • a semi-finished product 7 is obtained, which is either flat or contains curved surface areas and possibly formed from this Contours and a foamable for further processing Layer 2 'includes.
  • the semi-finished product 7 is placed in a foaming mold 9, one of which Wall 12 a side 10 of the semi-finished product 7 substantially covering the entire surface supports so that this side 10 already have its final contour must, since a further contouring by foaming the semi-finished product 7 to a component 1 no longer deform this side 10 brings itself.
  • the walls 12, 13 of the foaming mold 9 can be made, for example Steel or ceramic. It is important that component 1 despite its internal pressure prevailing when foaming has no connection with the walls 12, 13 of the foam mold 9 is received. To stick together to prevent the walls 12, 13 can be coated.
  • the gases formed by the splitting of the blowing agent at the appropriate temperature (depending on the blowing agent usually between 500 ° C. and 600 ° C.), in particular hydrogen, which is split off from a metal hydride, can go up through the perforations 14 and 15, respectively escape there.
  • the discharging perforations 14, 15 have a distance of a few centimeters, approximately 2 to 5 cm, measured in the surface of the cover layer and form a regular geometric grid, so that the distances are always the same.
  • the perforation surface is in the range between 0.5 and 3 mm 2 , for example, if square perforations are formed, an edge length of 1 mm can be used, so that a total perforation area of 1 mm 2 results. As a result, the perforations are sufficiently small so that they do not interfere with the finished component, for example they can be made almost or completely invisible by applying layers of paint.

Abstract

The body part has a foam layer (2) with a metallic foam material, and a solid metallic cover layer (3,4) with a pattern of through perforations (14). The perforations are positioned in a regular geometric pattern, and at a relative distance of 2 to 5 cm. The body part has top and bottom cover layers with perforations in the top layer (3). The perforations are formed by a needle roller/board in a non-foamed semi-finished component.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Bauteil mit einer einen metallischen Schaumwerkstoff umfassenden Schicht und einer massivmetallischen Deckschicht nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a component with a metallic Layer comprising foam material and a solid metallic cover layer according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die DE 196 12 781 C1 beschreibt ein gattungsgemäßes Bauteil, bei dem die Schichten durch Walzplattieren aneinander haften, das so gebildete Halbzeug durch einen Formungsprozeß, wie beispielsweise Tiefziehen, zu einem einseitig endkonturieren Formhalbzeug umgeformt wird, ehe dieses Formhalbzeug durch ein- oder beidseitig begrenztes Aufschäumen in einer Aufschäumform zu dem fertigen Bauteil endgeformt wird. Dabei stellt sich die Schwierigkeit, insbesondere bei nicht hinreichend homogener Ausbildung der Mischung von Metallpulver und Treibmittel in der aufschäumenden Schicht, daß das Treibmittel zu Gasblasenansammlungen führt. Derartige Gasblasen in der aufschäumenden Schicht sind geeignet, die Stabilität des Bauteils insgesamt zu gefährden und während des Aufschäumens sogar Risse in einer massivmetallischen Deckschicht zu bilden.DE 196 12 781 C1 describes a generic component in which the Adhesive layers by roll cladding, the semi-finished product thus formed through a molding process, such as deep drawing, into one final contour on one side is formed before this semi-finished product through one or both sides limited foaming in a foaming mold is finally formed into the finished component. This turns the Difficulty, especially if the training is not sufficiently homogeneous the mixture of metal powder and blowing agent in the foaming Layer that the blowing agent leads to gas bubble accumulation. Such Gas bubbles in the foaming layer are suitable for the stability of the To endanger the entire component and even cracks during foaming to form in a solid metallic cover layer.

Der Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, die Qualität gattungsgemäßer Bauteile zu verbessern und die Ausschußquote während der Serienfertigung zu verringern. The invention is based on the problem, the quality of the generic type Improve components and the reject rate during series production to reduce.

Die Erfindung löst dieses Problem mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1. Hinsichtlich weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltungen wird auf die Ansprüche 2 bis 7 verwiesen.The invention solves this problem with the features of claim 1. With regard to further advantageous refinements, reference is made to claims 2 referred to 7.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Bauteil können sich während des Aufschäumens durch Spaltung des Treibmittels bildende Gase, die sich zu das Maß der Poren überschreitenden Blasen sammeln, wirksam verhindert werden, indem durch die gebildeten Lochungen in der massivmetallischen Deckschicht entsprechende Gasansammlungen entweichen können. Da die Gasblasen erst ab einer bestimmten Größe kritisch sind, genügt es, derartige Lochungen im Abstand von einigen Zentimetern vorzunehmen. Weil die Lochungen die Deckschicht vollständig durchgreifen, ist ein Abführen des Treibgases, das insbesondere aus Wasserstoff besteht, jederzeit während des Aufschäumens möglich.In the component according to the invention, during foaming by splitting the blowing agent forming gases, which become the measure the bubbles that cross the pores are effectively prevented, by the perforations formed in the solid metal cover layer corresponding gas accumulations can escape. Because the gas bubbles are critical only from a certain size, is it sufficient Make holes a few centimeters apart. Because the Holes completely penetrate the cover layer is a removal of the Propellant, which consists in particular of hydrogen, at any time during the Foaming possible.

Soweit die Lochungen teilweise in die Dicke der Schaumschicht eindringen bzw. diese vollständig mit durchgreifen, ist sichergestellt, daß auch aus tieferen Lagen der aufschäumenden Schicht Gasblasen nach oben durch die Lochungen entweichen können. Die Lochungen sind zumindest in einer oberen Deckschicht ausgeführt, können jedoch ebenfalls eine untere Deckschicht einer zwischenliegenden Schaumschicht durchgreifen.As far as the perforations partially penetrate the thickness of the foam layer or to fully grasp them, it is ensured that even from deeper ones Lay the foaming layer of gas bubbles up through the Perforations can escape. The perforations are at least in one upper cover layer, but can also have a lower cover layer reach through an intermediate foam layer.

Durch die Lochung der Deckschicht ergibt sich weiter eine schalltechnische Verbesserung, da auf das Bauteil treffende Schallwellen nicht vollständig reflektiert werden, sondern teilweise in die Schaumschicht eindringen und gedämpft oder vollständig absorbiert werden. The perforation of the top layer also results in a sound engineering Improvement since sound waves hitting the component are not complete are reflected, but partially penetrate into the foam layer and dampened or completely absorbed.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten ergeben sich aus einem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel des Gegenstandes der Erfindung.Further advantages and details result from one in the drawing illustrated embodiment of the object of the invention.

In der Zeichnung zeigt:

Fig. 1
das Herstellungsverfahren eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils im schematischen Überblick,
Fig. 2
ein Halbzeug, das eine Schaumwerkstoffschicht, die oberseitig und unterseitig von einer massivmetallischen Deckschicht begrenzt ist, mit durchgehenden Lochungen,
Fig. 3
eine ähnliche Ansicht wie Fig. 2 nach dem Aufschäumen.
Fig. 4
ein Halbzeug, das eine Schaumwerkstoffschicht aufweist, die oberseitig und unterseitig von jeweils einer massivmetallischen Deckschicht begrenzt ist, wobei Lochungen in der oberen massivmetallischen Deckschicht angeordnet sind und in die Schaumwerkstoffschicht eingreifen,
Fig. 5
ein Bauteil, das aus dem Halbzeug gemäß Fig. 4 durch Aufschäumen gebildet ist.
The drawing shows:
Fig. 1
the manufacturing process of a component according to the invention in a schematic overview,
Fig. 2
a semi-finished product which has a foam material layer, which is delimited on the top and bottom by a solid metallic cover layer, with continuous perforations,
Fig. 3
a view similar to Fig. 2 after foaming.
Fig. 4
a semifinished product which has a foam material layer which is delimited on the upper and lower sides by a solid metal cover layer, perforations being arranged in the upper solid metal cover layer and engaging in the foam material layer,
Fig. 5
a component which is formed from the semi-finished product according to FIG. 4 by foaming.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Bauteil 1 weist, wie in Fig. 3 und Fig. 5 erkennbar ist, eine aufgeschäumte Schicht 2 auf, die ein Metallpulver und ein Treibmittel umfaßt, die durch einen Mischungsvorgang homogen miteinander vermengt wurden und anschließend unter Druckeinwirkung, etwa durch axiales Pressen oder durch Strangpressen, zu einem kompakten, aufschäumbaren Halbzeug 2'' verdichtet und verfestigt worden ist.A component 1 according to the invention has, as can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 5, a foamed layer 2, which is a metal powder and a blowing agent comprises, which are homogeneously mixed together by a mixing process and then under pressure, for example by axial pressing or by extrusion to a compact, foamable semi-finished product 2 '' has been compacted and solidified.

Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die aufgeschäumte Schicht 2 ober- und unterseitig mit jeweils einem massivmetallischen Blech 3,4 versehen. Es ist auch möglich, eine aufgeschäumte Schicht 2 mit nur einer massivmetallischen Deckschicht 3 bzw. 4 zu verbinden oder auch Verbünde aus mehreren unterschiedlichen aufgeschäumten Schichten, eventuell abgetrennt durch massivmetallische Schichten, herzustellen, etwa um Aufprallelemente zu schaffen, bei denen je nach Aufprallgeschwindigkeit und damit -energie eine unterschiedliche Anzahl von aufgeschäumten Schichten an der Verformung durch den Aufprall teilnimmt.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the foamed layer 2 is on top and provided on the underside with a solid metal sheet 3, 4 each. It is also possible a foamed layer 2 with only one solid metallic To connect top layer 3 or 4 or groups of several different foamed layers, possibly separated by to produce solid metallic layers, for example to impact elements create, depending on the impact speed and thus energy different number of foamed layers on the deformation participates through the impact.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel einer doppelseitig mit massivmetallischen Blechen 3 und 4 versehenen aufgeschäumten Schicht 2 ist die Verbindung zwischen der am Ende des Verfahrens aufgeschäumten Schicht 2 und den massivmetallischen Blechen 3 und 4 unter Druckeinwirkung derart zustandegekommen, daß eine metallische Bindung zwischen den einzelnen Schichten 2', 3', 4' vor der Umformung und Aufschäumung erreicht worden ist. Dazu bietet sich an, ein Walzplattieren eines Verbundes aus dem aufschäumbaren Halbzeug 2'', das nach dem Strangpressen bzw. axialen Pressen entstanden ist, und den massivmetallischen Blechen 3'',4'' zwischen zwei Walzen 5 vorzunehmen, so daß ein Verbundwerkstoff 6 mit Sandwichstruktur zweier massivmetallischer Deckschichten 3' und 4' und einer noch nicht aufgeschäumten porösen Zwischenschicht 2' entsteht.In the exemplary embodiment, a double-sided with solid metal sheets 3 and 4 provided foamed layer 2 is the connection between the layer 2 foamed at the end of the process and the solid metallic layer Sheets 3 and 4 came about under pressure in such a way that a metallic bond between the individual layers 2 ', 3', 4 'has been reached before the forming and foaming. For this purpose, roll cladding a composite from the foamable Semifinished product 2 '' after extrusion or axial pressing is created, and the solid metal sheets 3 '', 4 '' between make two rollers 5, so that a composite material 6 with a sandwich structure two solid metallic cover layers 3 'and 4' and one not yet foamed porous intermediate layer 2 'is formed.

Ein solcher im wesentlichen flächiger metallischer Verbundwerkstoff 6, der in jedem Fall eine noch aufschäumbare Schicht 2' umfaßt, weist zwischen den metallischen Blechen 3' und 4' und der aufschäumbaren Schicht 2' metallische Bindungen auf und steht nun zur weiteren Bearbeitung zur Verfügung. Dieser flächige Verbundwerkstoff 6 wird zunächst in Stücke geeigneter Größe zerteilt, beispielsweise mit Hilfe einer Säge.Such an essentially flat metallic composite material 6, the in any case comprises a foamable layer 2 ', has between the metallic sheets 3 'and 4' and the foamable layer 2 ' metallic bonds and is now available for further processing. This flat composite material 6 is initially more suitable in pieces Size divided, for example with the help of a saw.

Das so gebildete Halbzeug wird mit Lochungen 14,15 versehen. Die Lochungen 14,15 werden entweder in einem diskreten Vorgang über ein Nadelbrett oder in einem kontinuierlichen Vorgang über eine Nadelwalze 16 in den Verbundwerkstoff 6 eingeprägt. Die Lochungen 14 durchgreifen dabei die obere massivmetallische Deckschicht 3 und greifen in die noch aufschäumbare Schicht 2' mit ihren vorderen Endbereichen ein. Die Lochungen 15 durchgreifen sowohl die obere als auch die untere massivmetallische Deckschicht 3,4 und durchgreifen als Kanäle vollständig die noch aufzuschäumende Schicht 2'. Während des Aufschäumens der Schicht 2' schließen sich die Kanäle der Lochungen 15 in der Schicht, so daß nur Lochungen 15 in den Deckschichten 3 und 4 nach Ende des Aufschäumens verbleiben.The semi-finished product thus formed is provided with perforations 14, 15. The perforations 14:15 are either discreetly done over a needle board or in a continuous process via a needle roller 16 in embossed the composite material 6. The holes 14 reach through the upper solid metal cover layer 3 and reach into the still foamable Layer 2 'with their front end regions. The perforations 15 reach through both the upper and lower solid metal Cover layer 3, 4 and completely penetrate through the channels still to be foamed Layer 2 '. During the foaming of the layer 2 ' close the channels of the holes 15 in the layer, so that only holes 15 in the outer layers 3 and 4 after the foaming has ended remain.

Ein solcher auf die gewünschten Außenmaße zurechtgeschnittener und mit Lochungen 14,15 versehener Verbundwerkstoff 6 wird nun zu einem Formhalbzeug 7 umgeformt. Such one tailored to the desired external dimensions and with Holes 14, 15 provided with composite material 6 now become a semi-finished product 7 reshaped.

Das Umformen kann durch bekannte übliche Umformmaßnahmen erfolgen, etwa durch Tiefziehen mit und ohne Niederhalter, wie es im Karosseriebau bekannt ist, oder durch ein einseitiges Umformverfahren, wie etwa das Fluidzellverfahren.The shaping can be carried out using known customary shaping measures, for example by deep drawing with and without hold-down devices, as is the case in body construction is known, or by a one-sided forming process, such as that Fluid cell method.

In jedem Falle wird ein Formhalbzeug 7 erhalten, das entweder planebene oder gekrümmte Flächenbereiche enthält und eventuell aus diesem ausgeformte Konturen und das zur weiteren Bearbeitung eine aufschäumfähige Lage 2' umfaßt.In any case, a semi-finished product 7 is obtained, which is either flat or contains curved surface areas and possibly formed from this Contours and a foamable for further processing Layer 2 'includes.

Das Formhalbzeug 7 wird in eine Aufschäumform 9 eingelegt, deren eine Wandung 12 eine Seite 10 des Formhalbzeuges 7 im wesentlichen flächendeckend abstützt, so daß diese Seite 10 bereits ihre Endkontur aufweisen muß, da eine weitere Konturgebung durch das Aufschäumen des Formhalbzeuges 7 zu einem Bauteil 1 keine Verformung dieser Seite 10 mehr mit sich bringt.The semi-finished product 7 is placed in a foaming mold 9, one of which Wall 12 a side 10 of the semi-finished product 7 substantially covering the entire surface supports so that this side 10 already have its final contour must, since a further contouring by foaming the semi-finished product 7 to a component 1 no longer deform this side 10 brings itself.

Die Wandungen 12,13 der Aufschäumform 9 können beispielsweise aus Stahl oder auch aus Keramik bestehen. Es ist wichtig, daß das Bauteil 1 trotz seines beim Aufschäumen herrschenden Innendruckes keine Verbindung mit den Wandungen 12,13 der Aufschäumform 9 eingeht. Um ein Aneinanderhaften zu unterbinden, können die Wandungen 12,13 beschichtet sein.The walls 12, 13 of the foaming mold 9 can be made, for example Steel or ceramic. It is important that component 1 despite its internal pressure prevailing when foaming has no connection with the walls 12, 13 of the foam mold 9 is received. To stick together to prevent the walls 12, 13 can be coated.

Während des Aufschäumens können die durch die Spaltung des Treibmittels bei der entsprechenden Temperatur (je nach Treibmittel üblicherweise zwischen 500°C und 600°C) gebildeten Gase, insbesondere Wasserstoff, der aus einem Metallhydrid abgespalten wird, durch die Lochungen 14 bzw. 15 nach oben hin entweichen. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, daß zwar die beim Aufschäumen erforderlichen Schaumporen gebildet werden können, jedoch größere Gasansammlungen vermieden werden. Hierzu weisen die abführenden Lochungen 14,15 einen in der Fläche der Deckschicht gemessenen Abstand von wenigen Zentimetern, etwa 2 bis 5 cm, auf und bilden ein regelmäßiges geometrisches Raster, so daß die Abstände stets gleich sind. Die Lochungsoberfläche liegt im Bereich zwischen 0,5 und 3 mm2, beispielsweise kann bei Ausbildung von quadratischen Lochungen eine Kantenlängen von 1 mm Verwendung finden, so daß sich insgesamt eine Lochungsfläche von 1 mm2 ergibt. Dadurch sind die Lochungen hinreichend klein, um am fertigen Bauteil nicht störend in Erscheinung zu treten, sie können beispielsweise durch Aufbringen von Farbschichten nahezu oder vollständig unsichtbar gemacht werden.During the foaming, the gases formed by the splitting of the blowing agent at the appropriate temperature (depending on the blowing agent usually between 500 ° C. and 600 ° C.), in particular hydrogen, which is split off from a metal hydride, can go up through the perforations 14 and 15, respectively escape there. This ensures that although the foam pores required when foaming can be formed, larger gas accumulations are avoided. For this purpose, the discharging perforations 14, 15 have a distance of a few centimeters, approximately 2 to 5 cm, measured in the surface of the cover layer and form a regular geometric grid, so that the distances are always the same. The perforation surface is in the range between 0.5 and 3 mm 2 , for example, if square perforations are formed, an edge length of 1 mm can be used, so that a total perforation area of 1 mm 2 results. As a result, the perforations are sufficiently small so that they do not interfere with the finished component, for example they can be made almost or completely invisible by applying layers of paint.

Nach Beendigung des Aufschäumvorgangs haben die Lochungen 14,15 keine weitere Funktion mehr.After the foaming process has ended, the perforations have 14, 15 no further function.

Claims (7)

Bauteil (1), insbesondere Karosseriebauteil für Kraftfahrzeuge, mit einer einen metallischen Schaumwerkstoff umfassenden aufgeschäumten Schicht (2) sowie mit zumindest einer massivmetallischen Deckschicht (3;4), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Deckschicht (3;4) ein Muster von diese durchdringenden Lochungen (14;15) aufweist.Component (1), in particular body component for motor vehicles, with a foamed layer (2) comprising a metallic foam material and with at least one solid metallic cover layer (3; 4), characterized in that the cover layer (3; 4) has a pattern of perforations penetrating it (14; 15). Bauteil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lochungen (14;15) ein regelmäßiges geometrisches Raster ausbilden.Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforations (14; 15) form a regular geometric grid. Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet durch einen Abstand der Lochungen (14;15) zwischen 2 und 5 cm.Component according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized by a spacing of the perforations (14; 15) between 2 and 5 cm. Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet durch eine Fläche der Lochungen (14;15) zwischen 0,5 mm2 und 3 mm2.Component according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a surface of the perforations (14; 15) between 0.5 mm 2 and 3 mm 2 . Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Bauteil (1) eine ober- (3) und eine unterseitige (4) massivmetallische Deckschicht aufweist und die Lochungen (14) in der die Oberseite des Bauteils (1) bildenden massivmetallischen Deckschicht (3) ausgeführt sind. Component according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the component (1) has a top (3) and a bottom (4) solid metal cover layer and the perforations (14) in the solid metallic top layer of the component (1) Cover layer (3) are executed. Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lochungen (14;15) durch ein Nadelbrett oder eine Nadelwalze (16) in ein noch nicht zum Bauteil aufgeschäumtes Halbzeug eingebracht sind.Component according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the perforations (14; 15) are made through a needle board or a needle roller (16) in a semi-finished product which has not yet been foamed to form the component. Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Lochungen (14;15) sich zumindest über einen Teilbereich der Dicke der aufgeschäumten Schicht (2) erstrecken.Component according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that perforations (14; 15) extend at least over a portion of the thickness of the foamed layer (2).
EP98122772A 1998-01-02 1998-12-01 Workpiece comprising a metal foam layer for the body of motor vehicles Withdrawn EP0927590A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE29800006U 1998-01-02
DE29800006U DE29800006U1 (en) 1998-01-02 1998-01-02 Component, in particular body component for motor vehicles

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EP0927590A2 true EP0927590A2 (en) 1999-07-07
EP0927590A3 EP0927590A3 (en) 1999-07-28

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10136370B4 (en) * 2001-07-26 2005-03-31 Schwingel, Dirk, Dr. Composite material and component made therefrom consisting of a foamed metal core and solid cover sheets, and method for the production
WO2009092755A1 (en) * 2008-01-26 2009-07-30 Jost-Werke Gmbh Vehicle coupling for producing a mechanical bond between a first and a second vehicle
US8382146B2 (en) 2008-01-26 2013-02-26 Jost-Werke Gmbh Vehicle coupling for producing a mechanical connection between a first and second vehicle
US10300961B2 (en) 2008-01-26 2019-05-28 Jost-Werke Deutschland Gmbh Vehicle coupling

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DE29800006U1 (en) 1999-05-06

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