EP0925499A1 - Procede pour optimiser la capacite d'un dispositif de mesure pour le lait et dispositif de mesure pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede - Google Patents

Procede pour optimiser la capacite d'un dispositif de mesure pour le lait et dispositif de mesure pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede

Info

Publication number
EP0925499A1
EP0925499A1 EP97943840A EP97943840A EP0925499A1 EP 0925499 A1 EP0925499 A1 EP 0925499A1 EP 97943840 A EP97943840 A EP 97943840A EP 97943840 A EP97943840 A EP 97943840A EP 0925499 A1 EP0925499 A1 EP 0925499A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
milk
acceptance
air
measuring
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97943840A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Georg DÜCKINGHAUS
Alfons BRÜGGEMANN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schwarte-Werk GmbH
Original Assignee
Schwarte-Werk GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19652701A external-priority patent/DE19652701A1/de
Application filed by Schwarte-Werk GmbH filed Critical Schwarte-Werk GmbH
Publication of EP0925499A1 publication Critical patent/EP0925499A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/02—Analysing fluids
    • G01N29/024—Analysing fluids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/02—Analysing fluids
    • G01N29/032—Analysing fluids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/024—Mixtures
    • G01N2291/02433—Gases in liquids, e.g. bubbles, foams
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/10—Number of transducers
    • G01N2291/102—Number of transducers one emitter, one receiver

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for optimizing the acceptance performance of a measuring system for milk, in particular for a milk collection vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a measuring system for carrying out the method according to claim 7 or 8.
  • a measuring system for milk in particular for a milk collection truck, is based on the task of accepting milk quantities from delivery containers of the suppliers and transferring them to a collection container.
  • the volume of the transferred milk must be determined based on its volume and clearly differentiated from that of the previous and subsequent suppliers.
  • the liquid volume flow that enters the measuring system and that can be admixed with the gaseous constituents, in particular air must be completely degassed or vented.
  • the separated air results almost exclusively from the air that reaches the measuring system when the milk is taken in, especially the milk at the beginning of the milk transfer and when snorkeling off at the end of the milk transfer, and only to an extremely small extent from air, which are small and very small air bubbles is deposited in the milk of the delivery container. Desorption of milk dissolved in air is not sought; however, it cannot be prevented under certain procedural conditions (vacuum operation).
  • Known measuring systems are equipped with a control system, the task of which is to start the air separator container as far as possible from a calibrated liquid level in the air separator container as a result of the transfer and delimitation of the milk quantity from the previous supplier, the milk transfer from the subsequent supplier to be filled so that sufficient air separation from milk is achieved, and then When the milk is taken over, the liquid level is calibrated exactly to the switch-off level, which was the starting point for this milk takeover.
  • control system should also be able to handle special cases or improper handling of the system. This includes, for example, arbitrary air snorkeling during the milk transfer, intentional or unintentional temporary closing of the acceptance line on the suction nozzle and suction from several containers of a supplier with breaks of different lengths when changing from one container to another.
  • the measuring system should be easily adaptable to different suction conditions (suction height and / or hose length) in terms of open-loop and closed-loop control and in any case quickly find a stable operating point without instabilities.
  • the measuring systems that have become known so far, which are designed either as so-called pump or vacuum systems, operate over the period of milk intake with an essentially constant acceptance rate, which is determined by the design of the pump or vacuum system.
  • acceptance power is to be understood as the bubble-free milk volume ⁇ V transferred over a period of time ⁇ t, and accordingly the bubble-free volume flow Q (for example in dm 3 / h or l / h).
  • the acceptance performance has increased to 30,000 l / h in recent years, in some cases even more, whereby the so-called air separator container of the measuring system is a component that limits its maximum acceptance performance.
  • Air separator container set natural limits. This also limits the increase in acceptance performance by enlarging the air separator container, if you do not want to run the risk that the measurement result with regard to the volume transferred during milk acceptance will be falsified by entraining air bubbles in and through the volume counter.
  • Known measuring systems limit the acceptance performance to a maximum value, with which even difficult suction conditions (air suction when milk production is interrupted) can be mastered. With this permissible acceptance performance, the measuring system and especially the air separator tank are under-challenged with favorable or normal suction conditions, so that there is an unused power reserve under these suction conditions.
  • the milk measuring system can be operated with a higher throughput without this higher output milk has a higher proportion of air pockets than in conventional systems, or that it has a lower proportion of air pockets with the same throughput.
  • the measures proposed above are problematic, since they also create flow resistances on the one hand and, on the other hand, cleaning problems due to the extremely enlarged surfaces in contact with the liquid.
  • a device for measuring the density of fluids by means of acoustic signals, preferably ultrasonic vibrations, is known, with which the density of a flowing liquid can be determined very precisely and quantitatively.
  • the known device is distinguished from other known devices and methods for measuring the density or concentration of a homogeneous or inhomogeneous fluid with the aid of ultrasonic vibrations in that it is less subject to the disadvantage of susceptibility to interference from bubbles or solid particles in the fluid.
  • the present invention is based on the object of significantly increasing the acceptance performance of a measuring system for milk, in particular for a milk collection vehicle, when using the known air separator systems compared to the acceptance performance currently achievable.
  • a measuring system for carrying out the proposed method is realized by the features of auxiliary claim 7 (pump system) or by that of auxiliary claim 8 (vacuum system).
  • the proposed method takes advantage of the knowledge that significant air pollution of the transferred milk generally occurs at the beginning of the milk transfer and when the delivery container is snorkeled out at the end of the milk transfer.
  • the intermediate transfer cycle is generally largely free of air ingress and, measured in terms of the time for the start and end of milk transfer, it represents the predominant period if the proposed method is used as intended where it can be applied due to the existing conditions. namely for medium and large delivery quantities.
  • the transfer time predominates here compared to the preparation and follow-up times for milk acceptance. Small and very small delivery quantities, where the start and end of milk acceptance immediately follow one another with conventional acceptance services, naturally escape the efforts at hand to increase the acceptance performance.
  • the proposed method results in a reduction of the acceptance power to the value permitted for the measuring system under the given conditions (air loading), and always when an air loading is found in the acceptance line which is in relation to the switched on acceptance performance and the available separation performance of the Air separator container is no longer controllable. If no air load can be determined, the acceptance power is increased by a suitable conveyor in connection with a controllable drive, regardless of the size of the milk separator in this container, which is determined by the size of the air separator container. On the other hand, unscheduled and unpredictable air ingress can be absorbed promptly by reducing the acceptance performance.
  • the proposed change in the acceptance power can also take place on the one hand depending on the measured difference in intensity between the transmitted and the received measurement signal and / or on the difference in the transit times of delayed measurement signals, and on the other hand in such a way that the acceptance performance is either continuous or in stages is changed.
  • the measurement signals are introduced into the latter in the acceptance line essentially transversely to the direction of flow of the milk flow.
  • a number n individual measurements of the transit time T s of the ultrasonic vibrations are carried out in a time interval ⁇ t and if an average value T Sm is formed therefrom from a number m valid individual measurements.
  • the formation of this mean value depends on two criteria, both of which must be met, the mean value T Sm determined then being used in each case to apply a larger acceptance power of two available acceptance powers.
  • the first criterion for forming the mean value T Sm is fulfilled if the transit time T s of the ultrasonic oscillation is within a transit time window limited by an upper and a lower threshold value T Sma ⁇ or T Smi n.
  • the second criterion is met if a proportion k, formed from the number m of valid individual measurements to the number n of the total individual measurements carried out, exceeds a predetermined value (m / n> k).
  • This statistical procedure means that outliers and incorrect measurements largely have no influence on the control intervention in the acceptance performance.
  • the running time window is determined in such a way that running times, which are measured in this, clearly indicate that there is no air load of the mixed flow. Runners above the threshold value T Sm «signal an interruption in milk production. Runners below the threshold T Sm in show in the In general, make a mistake because the sound level in completely air-free milk with a given signal length and a physically given value for the instantaneous speed of sound is clearly limited downwards under these conditions.
  • the proposed method can be used for both pump and vacuum systems.
  • the milk flow is acted upon in the acceptance line with the measurement signals in question, since due to the lowest absolute pressure in the measuring system, air bubbles are preferentially released from the milk.
  • the delivery rate is reduced by accessing the volume flow of the delivery device.
  • the vacuum system on the one hand access to the volume flow of the conveyor device downstream of the air separator container and access to the connecting line between the head space of the air separator and a vacuum source is necessary, in particular to prevent flooding of the air separator container, which would occur if the conveying capacity of the conveyor device were reduced alone can be.
  • measurement signals are provided in the cavitation favoring the milk flow with measurement signals.
  • This can be, for example, a tear-off edge arranged in the flow or a so-called trip wire.
  • the delivery device is designed as an impeller pump such that a relatively high delivery flow is present at a relatively low speed.
  • This is achieved in that two impellers lying side by side on a common shaft are provided in a correspondingly designed housing.
  • the relatively low speed of the impeiler pump has a positive effect on cavitation, milk quality, wear and noise. Since the intended diverting pump operates at low speed in normal acceptance operation, it can be Chen disadvantageous increase in speed can be brought to a conveying capacity, with which the pumping of milk from the collection truck tank is usually carried out in the tank of a trailer. A separate pumping system is therefore no longer necessary.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the measuring system when implementing a pump system
  • FIG. 2 shows the proposed measures in the context of a measuring system which is designed as a vacuum system.
  • An acceptance line 4 (FIG. 1), in which a conveying device 5, driven by a drive motor 8, is arranged, opens into the head region of an air separator container 3. The latter is equipped in a manner known per se with a float-controlled venting device 6.
  • An ultrasound transmitter 9a and, on the opposite side, an ultrasound receiver 9b are arranged in front of the conveyor device 5 on one side of the acceptance line 4. Both are connected to a signal processing device 10, which in turn is connected to a device 8a for regulating the drive motor 8 and thus the volume flow of the conveying device 5.
  • the acceptance line 4 ends in a delivery container 7, from which the milk to be transferred is sucked in. In the case of the acceptance performance in question, the delivery container 7 is preferably yard containers or cooling troughs of larger volume.
  • the milk flow is subjected to ultrasonic vibrations via the ultrasonic transmitter 9a. On the opposite side of the acceptance power 4, these pulses are received with the ultrasound receiver 9b. Out The difference in intensity between the transmitted and the received measurement signal and / or the difference in the signal transit times allow conclusions to be drawn about the air load in the milk flow.
  • the method for optimizing the acceptance performance of a measuring system for milk is particularly simple if the measurement is carried out qualitatively. This is done by working with threshold values for the signal runtimes by working with a so-called runtime window. It is therefore not important in the proposed measuring method to know how high the air load of the milk flow is quantitative, but rather it is only determined whether there is an air load and whether it is below or above a certain limit value. If the limit value is exceeded, an acceptance power for which the measuring system is approved is activated and if the value falls below the limit, an increased acceptance power is activated.
  • the milk intake begins with the suction process, in which the air separator container 3 initially functions as a storage container.
  • the air separator container 3 initially functions as a storage container.
  • a greater air load in the milk is to be expected, which, however, is still relatively easy to control due to the overall operating conditions (reduced starting power of the measuring system, storage in the partially filled air separator container 3).
  • the volume flow becomes Conveying device 5, in stages, preferably from a larger Qi to a smaller acceptance power Q 2 , or also steplessly reduced so far that the air separator container 3 can separate the air it has entered. If the air handling falls below the limit value, the volume flow of the conveying device 5 is increased again continuously or in stages.
  • the acceptance power is controlled in such a way that, on the one hand, the conveyor device 5 arranged there in the transfer line 2, in the same way as is provided for the pump system according to FIG. 1, in terms of control technology in conjunction with the signal processing device 10 is treated. Since a reduction in the volume flow of the conveying device 5 alone is not sufficient to also reduce the milk flow entering the air separator container 3 via the acceptance line 4, the access of a vacuum source, not shown, via a connecting line 6 * to the head space of the air separator container 3 must also be reduced or to completely prevent it for a certain time. This occurs, for example, in that a shut-off device 6a is connected in the connecting line 6 * by the signal processing device 10, parallel to the control intervention on the conveyor device 5.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour optimiser la capacité d'un dispositif de mesure pour le lait, notamment pour un camion de collecte du lait, permettant d'accroître sensiblement la capacité par rapport aux capacités, réalisables actuellement, à l'aide des systèmes séparateurs d'air connus. Selon la technique du procédé, on applique à un flux de lait entrant dans le dispositif de mesure, par l'intermédiaire d'une conduite d'échantillonnage, des signaux de mesure, de telle manière que ces derniers traversent le flux de lait et que l'intensité et/ou le temps de propagation de ces signaux se modifient alors en fonction d'une charge d'air contenu dans le flux de lait. Une différence de l'intensité entre le signal de mesure émis et le signal de mesure reçu et/ou une différence des temps de propagation de signaux de mesure décalés dans le temps sont utilisés d'une manière connue en soi pour déterminer une charge d'air dans le flux de lait, et la différence, résultant uniquement de la charge d'air, des intensités et/ou des temps de propagation déclenche, lors du dépassement d'une valeur limite de la charge d'air, une capacité pour laquelle le dispositif de mesure est homologué dans ces conditions, et déclenche, lorsque la valeur demeure inférieure à la valeur limite, une capacité accrue. Afin de permettre la réalisation de ce procédé, un émetteur ultrasonore (9a) est disposé en amont du système de refoulement (5) (en cas d'application à un système de pompe), sur un côté de la conduite d'échantillonnage (4), et un récepteur ultrasonore (9b) est disposé sur le côté opposé. Un système de traitement des signaux (10) est relié avec l'émetteur ultrasonore (9a) et le récepteur ultrasonore (9b) ainsi qu'avec un système (8, 8a) destiné à l'entraînement et à la régulation du débit du système de refoulement (5).
EP97943840A 1996-09-13 1997-09-06 Procede pour optimiser la capacite d'un dispositif de mesure pour le lait et dispositif de mesure pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede Withdrawn EP0925499A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19637373 1996-09-13
DE19637373 1996-09-13
DE19652701 1996-12-18
DE19652701A DE19652701A1 (de) 1996-09-13 1996-12-18 Verfahren zur Optimierung der Annahmeleistung einer Meßanlage für Milch und Meßanlage zum Durchführen des Verfahrens
PCT/EP1997/004848 WO1998011429A1 (fr) 1996-09-13 1997-09-06 Procede pour optimiser la capacite d'un dispositif de mesure pour le lait et dispositif de mesure pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0925499A1 true EP0925499A1 (fr) 1999-06-30

Family

ID=26029352

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97943840A Withdrawn EP0925499A1 (fr) 1996-09-13 1997-09-06 Procede pour optimiser la capacite d'un dispositif de mesure pour le lait et dispositif de mesure pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0925499A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998011429A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2544864B1 (fr) * 1983-04-20 1985-09-06 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procede et dispositif de determination de l'aire interfaciale dans un melange diphasique comprenant une phase gazeuse en ecoulement sous forme de bulles
US4651555A (en) * 1984-09-11 1987-03-24 Introtek Corporation Apparatus for detecting discontinuities in a fluid stream
US5394732A (en) * 1993-09-10 1995-03-07 Cobe Laboratories, Inc. Method and apparatus for ultrasonic detection of air bubbles

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9811429A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998011429A1 (fr) 1998-03-19

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