Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/40—Manufacture
  • B42D25/405—Marking
  • B42D25/425—Marking by deformation, e.g. embossing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
  • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms

Definitions

• This invention broadly relates to security and protection systems for documents subject to counterfeiting or falsification attempts and, more particularly, it relates to a combined synergistic system which, by exploiting the combination of various protection systems, each individually valid and effective, at least to a certain extent, enables a finished product to be obtained with an absolute security level or, anyway, a security level much higher than the security level achievable as a sum of the security levels of the individual systems.
• a further system provides for incorporating metal wires with the thickness of the paper.
• a problem to be solved, for instance, is to prevent the amount written upon a bank cheque from being erased and/or modified.
• US-A-4 033 059 provides an article suitable for use as a security document including the combination of a recording medium having an intaglio-printable surface and an intaglio imprint of spaced and raised inked pattern elements on the surface, wherein the imprint includes an image and an adjacent background each formed by pattern elements and wherein pattern elements in the image differ from the pattern elements in the background for producing a variation in contrast therebetween as the angle of the view of the imprint varies in at least one plane normal to the surface.
• the image is defined latent because it is normally invisible and transitory because it becomes visible only when it is viewed at particular acute angles of view.
• US-A-5,396,559 discloses an anticounterfeiting security method in which a hologram is recorded as either a regular or irregular pattern of dots, through a dot screen which is in contact with a recording medium, thereby limiting the exposition to selected dots.
• a hologram is recorded as either a regular or irregular pattern of dots, through a dot screen which is in contact with a recording medium, thereby limiting the exposition to selected dots.
• the hologram is viewed through a second screen which is a duplicate of the contact screen, except that some portions of the second screen are reversals of the contact screen, the reversed portions will show up as portions either lighter or darker than the surrounding areas, depending on the exact positioning of the second screen relative to the hologram.
• EP-A-0 581 414 discloses a method for making an anticounterfeit latent image formation object comprising a main body, projections and recesses means formed on said main body in such a manner as to exhibit various kinds of patterns, in which said various kinds of patterns comprise straight image lines forming a pattern, a relief pattern or a combination thereof, a plurality of straight lines printed on an upper surface of said projections and recesses means at predetermined spaces
• This invention specifically suggests to provide the concerned documents with two protection systems: a so-called OSI (Overt Security Image) system for "apparent” protections and a so-called CSI (Covert Security Image) system for hidden protections, the details of which will now be comprehensively explained to a suitable extent so as to be comprehensible and applicable by persons skilled in the art.
• OSI Overt Security Image
• CSI Covert Security Image
• This protection system comprehends the protection against falsifications and colour photocopies as well as the protection of the data amenable to be modified.
• This protection can be easily checked not only by a person skilled in the art, but also by a user having no particular training, because it is inherent in quite evident manner in the image itself.
• this printing technique is quite different from the latent imaging technique as presently practiced in the value-paper field, consisting of an image hidden in the drawing (as it is implicitly comprehensible from the term "latent"), such latent image being only evidenced when it is observed under certain angles and only when it is illuminated by grazing light. In other words, the effect is hidden and it is made visible only under determined conditions, only known to persons skilled in this specific field.
• the technique according to this invention can be assimilated to the technique of holograms in which the image is not hidden, but it is in any manner and under any observation angle apparent, but, when its supporting sheet is displaced, the image varies thereby exhibiting a "holographic effect".
• Such a technique can be performed by:
• This technique as adopted in this invention distinguishes from the holograms which are overposed on the paper and, as such, are removable therefrom and reapplicable to another document, and it allows to obtain an effect directly incorporated with the paper itself, without any possibility that it is removed and reapplied to another document.
• a printing process namely a chalcographic printing process. It is carried out by performing engravings in the printing plates and subsequently by filling said engravings with ink, said ink being subsequently transferred to the paper by application of a very high pressure (as typically employed in chalcographic printing machines) that deforms the paper so as to force it to penetrate into the tiny engravings of the plate, with contemporaneous ink transfer.
• a very high pressure as typically employed in chalcographic printing machines
• the plate segments that have been filled with ink transfer the latter to the paper. These segments will have a relief that can be perceived also by the touch, provided that the engravings realized in the plate have a sufficient depth.
• the perceived colour is the sum of the colour of the walls (for instance, sky-blue, if a sky-blue ink has been used) and of the colour of the paper (for instance, yellow, if a yellow paper has been used), and consequently the observed colour will be green (because, in the additive colour technique, the sum of a yellow colour and of a sky-blue colour furnishes a green colour).
• Still other variations can be obtained by means of ridges of variable heights, obtained by realizing engravings of variable depths in the printing plates.
• the protection of modifiable data such as the serial number
• the serial numbers or broadly the data it is desired to protect against any alteration, to be printed for one half on the positive band and for the other half on the negative band.
• the printing colours as used in this invention can have a high coverage figure or can be transparent, so as to achieve the following effects.
• This protection system provides, in the first place, for drawing according to predetermined patterns all those parts that it is desired to protect against erasures, for instance the Serial Number of bank cheques, or any writing it is desired to make alteration resistant, and like.
• This drawing step which practically entails embossing of the paper, can be carried out either before or after the serial numbers have been inserted.
• the latter procedure is surely more effective, in view of the fact that it deforms the characters themselves of the printed serial number according to the embossing pattern.
• the characters become extremely difficult to be erased, because the ink is absorbed in the depth of the deformations and it becomes unreachable not only by abrasive mechanical means, but also by chemical solvents.
• this protection system based upon latent images provides for inserting, before the standard magnetic band of certain documents, for instance, a letter in CMC7 characters, that can be magnetically read by means of an algorithm, possibly an intelligent algorithm, previously agreed upon with the client. Since the magnetic band usually provided in security bank documents is read by. running the document through a magnetic reader, it can be said that the magnetic band "flows" through the magnetic read and a character applied before the magnetic band in the running direction through the reader in effect is "upstream" thereof.
• This algorithm can be inserted into electronic computers and it can be varied, for instance, according to pre-established number ranges. Only by way of exemplification, the case can be mentioned of a client with whom it has been agreed to utilize a letter as suffix 13 of the serial number, according to the following scheme, that is one of the innumerable possible schemes:
• the above mentioned letters can also be illegible with naked eye, so that only magnetic readers can decode them.
• the position of the literal or numeric algorithm is such that these documents are anyway read, without interferences or noise caused by the concerned literal suffix .
• the algorithm can also be intelligent and such that it can be computed only by an electronic computer and it can be changed according to ranges previously agreed directly with the interested client.
• One of the innumerable intelligent algorithms can be only by way of exemplification as follows:

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Printing Methods (AREA)
• Facsimile Transmission Control (AREA)
• Storage Device Security (AREA)
• Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
• Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
• Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)
• Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
• Cleaning In Electrography (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=11404044

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1996
  • 1996-09-13 IT IT1996RM000199U patent/IT240173Y1/it active
• 1997
  • 1997-09-12 AU AU43968/97A patent/AU4396897A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-09-12 ES ES97942188T patent/ES2189976T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-09-12 EP EP97942188A patent/EP0925197B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-09-12 WO PCT/IT1997/000226 patent/WO1998010943A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1997-09-12 DE DE69718329T patent/DE69718329T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-09-12 AT AT97942188T patent/ATE230678T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (2)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events