EP0916897B1 - Heat shield - Google Patents

Heat shield Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0916897B1
EP0916897B1 EP98811060A EP98811060A EP0916897B1 EP 0916897 B1 EP0916897 B1 EP 0916897B1 EP 98811060 A EP98811060 A EP 98811060A EP 98811060 A EP98811060 A EP 98811060A EP 0916897 B1 EP0916897 B1 EP 0916897B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat shield
felt
intermetallic
heat
insulation layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP98811060A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0916897A3 (en
EP0916897A2 (en
Inventor
Mohamed Dr. Nazmy
Martin Scheu
Markus Staubli
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Alstom SA
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Alstom Schweiz AG
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Publication of EP0916897A2 publication Critical patent/EP0916897A2/en
Publication of EP0916897A3 publication Critical patent/EP0916897A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/007—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel constructed mainly of ceramic components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0466—Nickel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/21—Oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/2118—Zirconium oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/614—Fibres or filaments
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12153—Interconnected void structure [e.g., permeable, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12444—Embodying fibers interengaged or between layers [e.g., paper, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12479—Porous [e.g., foamed, spongy, cracked, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
    • Y10T428/12618—Plural oxides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12944—Ni-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/131—Glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide or metal carbide containing [e.g., porcelain, brick, cement, etc.]

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a heat shield according to the preamble of the first Claim.
  • Heat shields for example for use in thermal turbomachines and combustion chambers. These heat shields usually consist of a carrier material and a heat insulation layer which is connected to the carrier material via a binding layer. This bonding layer is applied in a vacuum-plasma process, which limits the size of the workable parts by the size of the vacuum chamber and makes production more expensive. Another problem is that at application temperatures above 900 ° C the bonding layer usually fails and the thermal insulation layer falls off. This leads to a failure of the heat shield. From DE 3327216 A, a heat protection layer made of a metallic felt, which is infiltrated and filled with zirconium oxide by means of CVD, has become known.
  • the metallic felt serves as a framework for the zirconium oxide coating.
  • the disadvantage of this protective layer are the high manufacturing costs and the insufficient properties with regard to heat and oxidation resistance, especially the structure of the framework.
  • the heat protection layer can also only with great difficulty, i.e. by means of large cooling air consumption can be cooled.
  • the invention is based, with a heat shield of the aforementioned object Way of providing a cheap and efficient heat shield.
  • the heat shield is made of a metal felt with compressed and sintered intermetallic fibers with an intermetallic phase.
  • intermetallic fibers needed to cool the heat shield Cooling air can be significantly reduced. That on intermetallic fibers based felt-like material can be used at temperatures above 1000 ° C because the intermetallic fibers have a high heat resistance, a have high oxidation resistance and advantageous thermal conductivity. These properties can also be determined by the selected intermetallic phase be set specifically and adapted to the respective conditions. Through the Porosity of the felt-like material can be a very efficient, low cooling air consuming Cooling are made possible.
  • a heat shield 1 is shown in the single figure. Such a heat shield can Used in combustion chambers, thermal flow machines such as gas turbines, etc. become.
  • the heat shield consists of a carrier material 2, one on top of it arranged metal felt 3 made of intermetallic fibers and one Thermal insulation layer 4.
  • the carrier material 2, which is usually metallic is, can have cooling channels 5.
  • the thermal barrier layer 4 is, for example made of zirconium oxide with yttrium oxide, calcium oxide or magnesium oxide was fully stabilized.
  • the metal felt 3 has become known, for example, from "VDI Report 1151, 1995, Metallic High-Temperature Fibers by Melt Extraction - Production, Properties and Applications; Stephani et al., Page 175ff". Fibers are produced there using the melt extraction process, the fibers are pressed and sintered.
  • the felt-like material thus formed is used as a filter and as a catalyst carrier.
  • this felt-like material is now made from intermetallic fibers. Intermetallic phases based on iron or nickel are advantageously used for this purpose. These have high heat resistance, high oxidation resistance and advantageous thermal conductivity.
  • the abovementioned properties can be adjusted over a wide range by selecting an appropriate intermetallic phase.
  • the felt-like material made of intermetallic fibers can also be produced very cheaply.
  • the porosity of the felt-like material can be influenced by the parameters of the manufacturing process how press pressure and sintering parameters are set.
  • the felt-like material made of intermetallic fibers is now on the carrier material attached.
  • the carrier material serves as a fastening and stabilizing agent for the felt-like material.
  • Thermal insulation layer applied this is done by known methods such as for example plasma sprays.
  • the thermal insulation layer adheres excellently the rough and porous surface of the felt-like material.
  • the thermal barrier reduces the temperature of the surface, the porous felt-like material is used for cooling. If the thermal insulation layer fails, that is, if it is no longer available, the remaining is enough felt-like material due to the excellent properties in terms of heat resistance, Resistance to oxidation and advantageous thermal conductivity the intermetallic phases are still out. Even the felt-like material without a thermal barrier coating can thus be used as a heat shield, whereby here, however, in comparison to the additional use of a thermal barrier coating the cooling air consumption is somewhat higher.
  • the invention is not limited to that shown and described Embodiment limited.
  • the carrier material can also be omitted be when the felt-like material by a suitable choice of material and the porosity has sufficient inherent strength.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical field

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Hitzeschild nach dem Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruches.The invention is based on a heat shield according to the preamble of the first Claim.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Hitzeschilder, beispielsweise zur Verwendung in thermischen Strömungsmaschinen und Brennkammern sind bekannt. Diese Hitzeschilder bestehen üblicherweise aus einem Trägermaterial und einer Wärmedämmschicht, die über eine Bindeschicht mit dem Trägermaterial verbunden ist. Diese Bindeschicht wird im Vakuum-Plasma-Verfahren aufgetragen, was die Grösse der bearbeitbaren Teile durch die Grösse der Vakuumkammer begrenzt und die Herstellung verteuert. Ein weiteres Problem ist, dass bei Anwendungstemperaturen über 900°C die Bindeschicht üblicherweise versagt und die Wärmedämmschicht abfällt. Dies führt zu einem Versagen des Hitzeschildes.
Aus der DE 3327216 A ist eine Hitzeschutzschicht aus einem metallischen Filz welcher mittels CVD mit Zirkonoxid infiltriert und aufgefüllt wird bekannt geworden. Heat shields, for example for use in thermal turbomachines and combustion chambers, are known. These heat shields usually consist of a carrier material and a heat insulation layer which is connected to the carrier material via a binding layer. This bonding layer is applied in a vacuum-plasma process, which limits the size of the workable parts by the size of the vacuum chamber and makes production more expensive. Another problem is that at application temperatures above 900 ° C the bonding layer usually fails and the thermal insulation layer falls off. This leads to a failure of the heat shield.
From DE 3327216 A, a heat protection layer made of a metallic felt, which is infiltrated and filled with zirconium oxide by means of CVD, has become known.

Dadurch entsteht eine dichte feste Hitzeschutzschicht. Der metallische Filz dient als Gerüststruktur für die Zirkonoxidbeschichtung. Der Nachteil dieser Schutzschicht sind die hohen Herstellungskosten und die ungenügenden Eigenschaften bezüglich Hitze- und Oxidationsbeständigkeit, insbesondere der Gerüststruktur. Die Hitzeschutzschicht kann zudem nur mit grossen Schwierigkeiten, d.h. mittels grossem Kühlluftverbrauch gekühlt werden.This creates a tight, solid heat protection layer. The metallic felt serves as a framework for the zirconium oxide coating. The disadvantage of this protective layer are the high manufacturing costs and the insufficient properties with regard to heat and oxidation resistance, especially the structure of the framework. The heat protection layer can also only with great difficulty, i.e. by means of large cooling air consumption can be cooled.

Auch aus US-A-4.273.824 ist ein ähnliches Hitzeschild bekannt.A similar heat shield is also known from US-A-4,273,824.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Hitzeschild der eingangs genannten Art einen billigen und effizienten Hitzeschild zur Verfügung zu stellen.The invention is based, with a heat shield of the aforementioned object Way of providing a cheap and efficient heat shield.

Erfindungsgemäss wird dies durch die Merkmale des ersten Anspruches erreicht.According to the invention, this is achieved by the features of the first claim.

Kern der Erfindung ist es also, dass der Hitzeschild aus einem Metallfilz mit zusammengepressten und gesinterten intermetallischen Fasern mit einer intermetallischen Phase besteht.The essence of the invention is therefore that the heat shield is made of a metal felt with compressed and sintered intermetallic fibers with an intermetallic phase.

Die Vorteile der Erfindung sind unter anderem darin zu sehen, dass durch die Verwendung von intermetallischen Fasern die zur Kühlung des Hitzeschildes benötigte Kühlluft deutlich reduziert werden kann. Das auf intermetallischen Fasern basierende filzähnliche Material kann bei Temperaturen von über 1000°C verwendet werden, da die intermetallischen Fasern eine hohe Hitzebeständigkeit, eine hohe Oxidationsbeständigkeit und vorteilhafte Wärmeleiteigenschaften aufweisen. Diese Eigenschaften können zudem durch die gewählte intermetallische Phase gezielt eingestellt und den jeweiligen Bedingungen angepasst werden. Durch die Porosität des filzähnlichen Materials kann eine sehr effiziente, wenig Kühlluft verbrauchende Kühlung ermöglicht werden. The advantages of the invention can be seen, inter alia, in that the Use of intermetallic fibers needed to cool the heat shield Cooling air can be significantly reduced. That on intermetallic fibers based felt-like material can be used at temperatures above 1000 ° C because the intermetallic fibers have a high heat resistance, a have high oxidation resistance and advantageous thermal conductivity. These properties can also be determined by the selected intermetallic phase be set specifically and adapted to the respective conditions. Through the Porosity of the felt-like material can be a very efficient, low cooling air consuming Cooling are made possible.

Es ist vorteilhaft auf dem filzähnlichen Material zusätzlich eine Wärmedämmschicht aufzutragen. Diese hält ohne spezielle Zwischenschichten auf dem filzähnlichen Material und verringert zusätzlich den Kühlungsbedarf und erhöht damit den Wirkungsgrad des Hitzeschildes zusätzlich.It is also advantageous to have a thermal barrier coating on the felt-like material apply. This holds on the without special intermediate layers felt-like material and additionally reduces the cooling requirement and increases thus the efficiency of the heat shield in addition.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the others Dependent claims.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungBrief description of the drawing

In der Zeichnung ist ein schematisches Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt.
Die einzige Figur zeigt einen Teillängsschnitt durch einen Hitzeschild. Es sind nur die für das Verständnis der Erfindung wesentlichen Elemente gezeigt.In the drawing, a schematic embodiment of the invention is shown.
The only figure shows a partial longitudinal section through a heat shield. Only the elements essential for understanding the invention are shown.

Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungWay of carrying out the invention

In der einzigen Figur ist ein Hitzeschild 1 dargestellt. Ein solcher Hitzeschild kann in Brennkammern, thermischen Strömungsmaschinen wie Gasturbinen, usw. Verwendet werden. Der Hitzeschild besteht aus einem Trägermaterial 2, einem darauf angeordneten Metallfilz 3 aus intermetallischen Fasern und einer Wärmedämmschicht 4. Das Trägermaterial 2, welches üblicherweise metallisch ist, kann Kühlkanäle 5 aufweisen. Die Wärmedämmschicht 4 besteht beispielsweise aus Zirkonoxid das mit Yttriumoxid, Calciumoxid oder Magnesiumoxid teiloder vollstabilisiert wurde.A heat shield 1 is shown in the single figure. Such a heat shield can Used in combustion chambers, thermal flow machines such as gas turbines, etc. become. The heat shield consists of a carrier material 2, one on top of it arranged metal felt 3 made of intermetallic fibers and one Thermal insulation layer 4. The carrier material 2, which is usually metallic is, can have cooling channels 5. The thermal barrier layer 4 is, for example made of zirconium oxide with yttrium oxide, calcium oxide or magnesium oxide was fully stabilized.

Das Metallfilz 3 ist beispielsweise aus "VDI Bericht 1151, 1995, Metallische Hochtemperaturfasern durch Schmelzextraktion - Herstellung, Eigenschaften und Anwendungen; Stephani et al., Seite 175ff", bekannt geworden. Dort werden Fasern im Schmelzextraktionsverfahren hergestellt, die Fasern verpresst und gesintert. Das so gebildete filzähnliche Material wird als Filter und als Katalysator-Träger verwendet.
Erfindungsgemäss wird nun dieses filzähnliche Material aus intermetallischen Fasern hergestellt. Dazu werden vorteilhafterweise intermetallische Phasen auf Eisen- oder Nickelbasis verwendet. Diese weisen eine hohe Hitzebeständigkeit, eine hohe Oxidationsbeständigkeit und vorteilhafte Wärmeleiteigenschaften auf. Zudem sind die vorgenannten Eigenschaften durch die Wahl einer entsprechenden intermetallischen Phase in einem weiten Bereich einstellbar. Das filzähnliche Material aus intermetallischen Fasern lässt sich zudem sehr billig herstellen.The metal felt 3 has become known, for example, from "VDI Report 1151, 1995, Metallic High-Temperature Fibers by Melt Extraction - Production, Properties and Applications; Stephani et al., Page 175ff". Fibers are produced there using the melt extraction process, the fibers are pressed and sintered. The felt-like material thus formed is used as a filter and as a catalyst carrier.
According to the invention, this felt-like material is now made from intermetallic fibers. Intermetallic phases based on iron or nickel are advantageously used for this purpose. These have high heat resistance, high oxidation resistance and advantageous thermal conductivity. In addition, the abovementioned properties can be adjusted over a wide range by selecting an appropriate intermetallic phase. The felt-like material made of intermetallic fibers can also be produced very cheaply.

Die Porosität des filzähnlichen Materials kann durch die Parameter des Herstellungsprozesses wie Pressdruck und Sinterparameter eingestellt werden. Ein Vorteil dieser porösen Struktur ist, dass das filzähnliche Material sehr effizient direkt durch seine offene Porosität gekühlt werden kann. Durch die Porosität weist das filzähnliche Material eine grosse innere Oberfläche auf, die den Abwärmetransport vereinfacht.The porosity of the felt-like material can be influenced by the parameters of the manufacturing process how press pressure and sintering parameters are set. An advantage This porous structure is that the felt-like material is very efficient directly can be cooled by its open porosity. The porosity shows that felt-like material has a large inner surface, which is the waste heat transport simplified.

Das filzähnliche Material aus intermetallischen Fasern wird nun auf dem Trägermaterial befestigt. Das Trägermaterial dient als Befestigungs- und Stabilisierungsmittel für das filzähnliche Material. Auf dem filzähnlichen Material wird die Wärmedämmschicht aufgebracht, dies geschieht durch bekannte Verfahren wie zum Beispiel Plasmasprayen. Die Wärmedämmschicht haftet hervorragend auf der rauhen und porösen Oberfläche des filzähnlichen Materials. The felt-like material made of intermetallic fibers is now on the carrier material attached. The carrier material serves as a fastening and stabilizing agent for the felt-like material. On the felt-like material Thermal insulation layer applied, this is done by known methods such as for example plasma sprays. The thermal insulation layer adheres excellently the rough and porous surface of the felt-like material.

Die Wärmedämmschicht reduziert die Temperatur der Oberfläche, das poröse filzähnlichen Material dient der Kühlung. Falls die Wärmedämmschicht ausfällt, das heisst wenn sie nicht mehr zur Verfügung steht, reicht das verbleibende filzähnliche Material aufgrund der hervorragenden Eigenschaften bezüglich Hitzebeständigkeit, Oxidationsbeständigkeit und vorteilhafter Wärmeleiteigenschaften der intermetallischen Phasen immer noch aus. Selbst das filzähnliche Material ohne Wärmedämmschicht kann somit als Hitzeschild verwendet werden, wobei hier jedoch im Vergleich zur zusätzlichen Verwendung einer Wärmedämmschicht der Kühlluftverbrauch etwas höher liegt.The thermal barrier reduces the temperature of the surface, the porous felt-like material is used for cooling. If the thermal insulation layer fails, that is, if it is no longer available, the remaining is enough felt-like material due to the excellent properties in terms of heat resistance, Resistance to oxidation and advantageous thermal conductivity the intermetallic phases are still out. Even the felt-like material without a thermal barrier coating can thus be used as a heat shield, whereby here, however, in comparison to the additional use of a thermal barrier coating the cooling air consumption is somewhat higher.

Selbstverständlich ist die Erfindung nicht auf das gezeigte und beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Das Trägermaterial kann auch weggelassen werden, wenn das filzähnliche Material durch eine geeignete Wahl des Werkstoffes und der Porosität eine genügende Eigenfestigkeit aufweist.Of course, the invention is not limited to that shown and described Embodiment limited. The carrier material can also be omitted be when the felt-like material by a suitable choice of material and the porosity has sufficient inherent strength.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Hitzeschildheat shield
22
Trägermaterialsupport material
33
Metallfilzmetal felt
44
Wärmedämmschichtthermal barrier
55
Kühlkanälecooling channels

Claims (8)

  1. Heat shield (1) of a thermal fluid flow machine, the heat shield (1) consisting of a metallic felt (3)
    characterized in that
    the metallic felt (3) is composed of compressed and sintered intermetallic fibres with an intermetallic phase.
  2. Heat shield (1) according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the intermetallic fibres consist of an iron or nickel based intermetallic phase.
  3. Heat shield (1) according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the metallic felt is disposed on a carrier material (2).
  4. Heat shield (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    a thermal insulation layer (4) is disposed on the metallic felt (3).
  5. Heat shield (1) according to Claim 4,
    characterized in that
    the thermal insulation layer (4) consists of partially or fully stabilized zirconium oxide.
  6. Heat shield (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the heat shield (1) is open pored.
  7. Heat shield (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    the heat shield (1) is disposed in a combustion chamber of a gas turbine.
  8. Heat shield (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
    Characterized in that
    the carrier material (2) has cooling channels (5).
EP98811060A 1997-11-14 1998-10-22 Heat shield Expired - Lifetime EP0916897B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19750517 1997-11-14
DE19750517A DE19750517A1 (en) 1997-11-14 1997-11-14 Heat shield

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0916897A2 EP0916897A2 (en) 1999-05-19
EP0916897A3 EP0916897A3 (en) 2000-10-25
EP0916897B1 true EP0916897B1 (en) 2003-06-04

Family

ID=7848762

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98811060A Expired - Lifetime EP0916897B1 (en) 1997-11-14 1998-10-22 Heat shield

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6492034B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0916897B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH11236995A (en)
DE (2) DE19750517A1 (en)

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DE102005001502A1 (en) * 2005-01-10 2006-07-20 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Radiation shield
US20100272953A1 (en) * 2009-04-28 2010-10-28 Honeywell International Inc. Cooled hybrid structure for gas turbine engine and method for the fabrication thereof
DE102015215144B4 (en) * 2015-08-07 2017-11-09 MTU Aero Engines AG Device and method for influencing the temperatures in inner ring segments of a gas turbine

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19750517A1 (en) 1999-05-20
EP0916897A3 (en) 2000-10-25
JPH11236995A (en) 1999-08-31
US6492034B1 (en) 2002-12-10
EP0916897A2 (en) 1999-05-19
DE59808608D1 (en) 2003-07-10

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