EP0916001B1 - Gasket paper - Google Patents
Gasket paper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0916001B1 EP0916001B1 EP97926103A EP97926103A EP0916001B1 EP 0916001 B1 EP0916001 B1 EP 0916001B1 EP 97926103 A EP97926103 A EP 97926103A EP 97926103 A EP97926103 A EP 97926103A EP 0916001 B1 EP0916001 B1 EP 0916001B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- binder
- silicate mineral
- inorganic binder
- polymeric binder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
- D21H13/20—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H13/26—Polyamides; Polyimides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
Definitions
- This invention relates to papers particularly, but not exclusively, suitable for use in fluid sealing applications such as cylinder head gaskets. It is known to make gasket papers from non-asbestos formulations based on other fibres such as glass fibres and/or mineral fibres and including a minor proportion of cellulose as a web-forming agent.
- GB-A-2138854 and 2138855 disclose cellulose-containing compositions using ball clay as a filler.
- GB-A-2250302 discloses a gasket material which is cellulose-free and which includes a carefully selected mixture of calcined china clay and ball clay as filler.
- GB-A-2254346 discloses a high temperature gasket material including glass or carbon fibre staples and temperature tolerants. fillers.
- GB-A-2093474 and EP-A2-0522441 disclose compositions including aramid fibre staple materials.
- a method of manufacture of a paper stock for dewatering to paper comprising, by weight, 4-15% aramid fibre pulp, 60-90% silicate mineral, 4-10% polymeric binder, and 2-15% inorganic binder, comprises the steps set out in the precharaterising part of claim 1 further characterised by producing a first mixture containing said aramid fibres and silicate mineral prior to adding the inorganic binder thereto and, prior to adding said inorganic binder, adding to said first mixture a 10% solution of papermakers alum such that the dry content is 1% of the total composition and agitating the mixture to prepare the surface of the silicate mineral by said alum to receive the inorganic binder, and, after addition of said inorganic binder, adding said polymeric binder having a solid content of 50% by weight and dispersing said polymeric binder in the mixture without precipitation thereof.
- At least some of the silicate mineral is constituted by attapulgite.
- the inorganic binder is preferably colloidal silica.
- the polymeric material is preferably nitrile rubber.
- a particularly preferred paper according to the inventive method comprises by weight, 4-8% aramid fibre pulp, 5-8% polymeric binder, 75-87% silicate mineral and 4-10% colloidal silica. It will be appreciated that in the present context "aramid” is a reference to polyaromatic amide material.
- the formulations of the present invention may be used in at least two different ways.
- the use of calcined china clay in combination with colloidal silica lends itself to the product of a paper which can be impregnated with a silicone or other resin such as polybutadiene in order to enhance resistance to and sealabilty against fluids such as water-antifreeze mixtures and oil.
- a paper which can be impregnated with a silicone or other resin such as polybutadiene in order to enhance resistance to and sealabilty against fluids such as water-antifreeze mixtures and oil.
- attapulgite it is possible to produce a paper which swells when exposed to water.
- Such papers can be used without a resin impregnation treatment.
- the process of the invention leads to a paper stock which is capable of producing gaskets both with and without a post-treatment with a resin impregnant.
- testing was carried out by bonding the test paper to both sides of a plain steel core, blanking out annular samples of inside diameter 14.7mm and outside diameter 34.5mm. These were then tested, again based on ASTM F1276, by applying an initial stress of 58.6 MPa. After 22 hours at 300°C the residual stress was measured, the stress relaxation calculated and then normalised to a paper thickness of 1.0mm, in the usual way. This procedure was used throughout the following Examples, including tests on paper made according to prior art.
- a paper was made having the following composition: % by dry weight Fibrillated Aramid Fibre Pulp 8 Calcined China Clay 76 Nitrile Rubber 6 Colloidal Silica 10
- the aramid fibres were dispersed in water to give a slurry of around 2% solids content by weight. This pulp had a freeness of 50°SR. The pulp was transferred to a mixing vessel and further diluted with water at 40°C. The calcined china clay was added and the mixture agitated. Further water was added to give a slurry having a solids content of approximately 4% by weight. A 10% solution of papermakers alum was added such that the dry content was approximately 1% of the total composition. The mixture was agitated for 2 minutes before adding the colloidal silica as a 30% solids content suspension. The mixture was agitated for a further 5 minutes and nitrile rubber added in latex form, having a solids content of around 50%.
- the nitrile rubber latex was diluted 5:1 with water before adding to the mix. When fully dispersed the latex was then caused to precipitate onto the fibres and fillers by the addition of a further quantity of papermakers alum solution until the supernatant liquid became clear.
- a paper was produced from the above stock by the conventional technique of dewatering on a wire mesh, pressing and drying, a polyacrylamide flocculant was used to aid processing.
- the paper was subsequently calendered to the required density using a conventional 2-bowl calender.
- the resulting paper had the following properties: Thickness 0.83mm Substance 920gm -2 Density 1100kgm -3 Tensile Strength 4.2 MPa Compression at 34.5 MPa 14.3% Stress Relaxation 24.8%
- a conventional paper made according to GB 2250302 showed a stress relaxation of 42% by the same test method.
- a paper was prepared largely as described above from the following formulation. % by dry weight Fibrillated Aramid Fibre Pulp 4 Calcined China Clay 30 Attapulgite 50 Colloidal Silica 10 Nitrile Rubber 6
- the paper had the following properties: Thickness 0.65mm Substance 860gm -2 Density 1330kgm -3 Tensile Strength 7.0 MPa Compression at 34.5 MPa 15.3% Stress Relaxation 29.8%
- a sealing test was carried out as described above and the paper was found to seal an internal pressure of 10 bar without detectable leakage at a sealing stress of 10.3 MPa.
- the paper also sealed 10 bar fluid pressure at a reduced sealing stress of 3.4 MPa.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Description
% by dry weight | |
Fibrillated Aramid Fibre Pulp | 8 |
Calcined China Clay | 76 |
Nitrile Rubber | 6 |
Colloidal Silica | 10 |
Thickness | 0.83mm |
Substance | 920gm-2 |
Density | 1100kgm-3 |
Tensile Strength | 4.2 MPa |
Compression at 34.5 MPa | 14.3% |
Stress Relaxation | 24.8% |
% by dry weight | |
Fibrillated Aramid Fibre Pulp | 4 |
Calcined China Clay | 30 |
Attapulgite | 50 |
Colloidal Silica | 10 |
Nitrile Rubber | 6 |
Thickness | 0.65mm |
Substance | 860gm-2 |
Density | 1330kgm-3 |
Tensile Strength | 7.0 MPa |
Compression at 34.5 MPa | 15.3% |
Stress Relaxation | 29.8% |
Claims (9)
- A method of manufacture of a paper stock for dewatering to paper, comprising by weight 4-15% aramid fibre pulp, 60-90% silicate mineral, 4-10% polymeric binder and 2-15% inorganic binder, comprising the steps ofproducing a mixture in water of aramid fibres in a slurry of 2% solids content by weight, the silicate mineral and the inorganic binder, adding the polymeric binder to the mixture and, when the polymeric binder is fully dispersed, adding papermaker's alum until the polymeric binder is precipitated and the supernatant liquid of the mixture becomes clear, characterised byproducing a first mixture containing said aramid fibres and silicate mineral prior to adding the inorganic binder thereto and, prior to adding said inorganic binder,adding to said first mixture a 10% solution of papermakers alum such that the dry content is 1% of the total composition and agitating the mixture to prepare the surface of the silicate mineral by said alum to receive the inorganic binder, and,after addition of said inorganic binder,adding said polymeric binder having a solid content of 50% by weight and dispersing said polymeric binder in the mixture without precipitation thereof.
- A method according to claim 1 characterised by adding at least some of the silicate mineral added as a fibrous chain silicate.
- A method according to claim 2 characterised by adding said fibrous chain silicate as attapulgite.
- A method according to any of claims 1-3 characterised by adding said silicate mineral as a layered kaolinitic clay.
- A method according to claim 4 characterised by calcining the china clay before adding it.
- A method according to claim 5 characterised by calcing said china clay at over 800°C.
- A method according to any of claims 1-6 characterising by adding said inorganic binder as colloidal silica.
- A method according to any preceding claim characterised by adding said polymeric binder as nitrile rubber.
- A method according to any preceding claim comprising mixing by weight, 4-8% aramid fibre pulp, 5-8% polymeric binder, 75-87% silicate mineral, 4-10% inorganic binder.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9613456A GB2314569B (en) | 1996-06-27 | 1996-06-27 | Gasket paper |
GB9613456 | 1996-06-27 | ||
PCT/GB1997/001587 WO1997049864A1 (en) | 1996-06-27 | 1997-06-12 | Gasket paper |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0916001A1 EP0916001A1 (en) | 1999-05-19 |
EP0916001B1 true EP0916001B1 (en) | 2001-05-23 |
Family
ID=10795958
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97926103A Expired - Lifetime EP0916001B1 (en) | 1996-06-27 | 1997-06-12 | Gasket paper |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0916001B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2000513053A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20000015807A (en) |
AU (1) | AU713243B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9709944A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69704947T2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2314569B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997049864A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA975620B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102011053389A1 (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2013-03-14 | Elringklinger Ag | Sealing arrangement for use in control plate of automatic transmission, has sealing contour elements made of sealing paper and including height profile with height, which varies between minimum height regions and maximum height regions |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4271228A (en) * | 1980-02-04 | 1981-06-02 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Sheet material containing exfoliated vermiculite |
US4330442A (en) * | 1980-05-07 | 1982-05-18 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | Asbestos free gasket forming compositions |
GB2093474B (en) * | 1981-02-10 | 1984-10-24 | Texon Inc | High temperature resistant gasketing material incorporating organic fibers |
GB2138855B (en) * | 1983-04-27 | 1986-03-26 | T & N Materials Res Ltd | Gasket paper |
GB2138854B (en) * | 1983-04-27 | 1986-03-26 | T & N Materials Res Ltd | Gasket paper |
US4786670A (en) * | 1987-01-09 | 1988-11-22 | Lydall, Inc. | Compressible non-asbestos high-temperature sheet material usable for gaskets |
GB9025983D0 (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1991-01-16 | T & N Technology Ltd | Non-asbestos flexible sheet material |
GB9106806D0 (en) * | 1991-04-02 | 1991-05-22 | T & N Technology Ltd | Non-asbestos flexible sheet material |
DE4113153A1 (en) * | 1991-04-23 | 1992-10-29 | Du Pont Int | INDUSTRIAL SEAL FOR USE WITH STEAM |
DE4122737A1 (en) * | 1991-07-10 | 1993-01-14 | Akzo Nv | COMPOSITION WITH SHORT FIBERS MADE OF ARAMID |
-
1996
- 1996-06-27 GB GB9613456A patent/GB2314569B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-06-12 DE DE69704947T patent/DE69704947T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-06-12 JP JP10502481A patent/JP2000513053A/en active Pending
- 1997-06-12 BR BR9709944A patent/BR9709944A/en unknown
- 1997-06-12 EP EP97926103A patent/EP0916001B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-12 WO PCT/GB1997/001587 patent/WO1997049864A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-06-12 AU AU30990/97A patent/AU713243B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-06-12 KR KR1019980709356A patent/KR20000015807A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-06-25 ZA ZA9705620A patent/ZA975620B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1997049864A1 (en) | 1997-12-31 |
ZA975620B (en) | 1997-12-29 |
KR20000015807A (en) | 2000-03-15 |
DE69704947D1 (en) | 2001-06-28 |
JP2000513053A (en) | 2000-10-03 |
GB2314569A (en) | 1998-01-07 |
GB2314569B (en) | 2000-01-26 |
AU713243B2 (en) | 1999-11-25 |
BR9709944A (en) | 1999-08-10 |
EP0916001A1 (en) | 1999-05-19 |
DE69704947T2 (en) | 2001-09-06 |
AU3099097A (en) | 1998-01-14 |
GB9613456D0 (en) | 1996-08-28 |
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