EP0911482A2 - Stress relief joints for risers - Google Patents
Stress relief joints for risers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0911482A2 EP0911482A2 EP98308732A EP98308732A EP0911482A2 EP 0911482 A2 EP0911482 A2 EP 0911482A2 EP 98308732 A EP98308732 A EP 98308732A EP 98308732 A EP98308732 A EP 98308732A EP 0911482 A2 EP0911482 A2 EP 0911482A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- riser
- pipes
- pipe
- stress relief
- vessel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/01—Risers
- E21B17/017—Bend restrictors for limiting stress on risers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
- B63B21/502—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers by means of tension legs
Definitions
- This invention relates to stress relief joints for risers such as those used in the production of hydrocarbons offshore, and more particularly to such stress relief joints used for risers in conjunction with floating structures.
- the lower ends of the tendons and risers are connected to the sea floor by means of additional pipes or risers embedded in and grouted to the sea floor.
- the upper ends of the tendons and risers pass through openings in the keel or bottom portion of the vessels and are supported vertically by tension means located near the water surface.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention provides a stress relief joint for use with riser pipe in floating systems wherein a vessel is subject to variable motion caused by wind, currents, and/or wave action.
- the riser pipe has one end connectable to the sea floor and an upper portion arranged to pass through an opening at the bottom of the vessel.
- the lower end which is connectable to other pipes at the sea floor, is provided with at least two concentric pipes or sleeves around the riser.
- the lower ends of the pipes and riser are welded to a flange.
- the upper end of each of the concentric pipes extends beyond the upper end of the pipe immediately surrounding it.
- the annulus between the concentric pipes and the riser is preferably filled with a durable and pliable material. Also, shims may be inserted in the annulus at the end of each pipe segment.
- Fig. 1 generally and schematically shows a vessel 20 of spar or tension buoyant tower type with a pipe 22 exiting from its bottom or keel 24 and having a suitable connection 26 to the sea floor 28. Lateral horizontal excursion of the vessel 20 is indicated by its position at 20'. Bending stresses occur on the pipe 22 where it exits the vessel at the keel 24 and at the sea floor connection 26, the dotted lines 22' exaggerating such bending.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the preferred embodiment of the invention.
- a stress relief joint 10 is generally comprised of sleeves or pipes 30, 32 and a flange 34.
- the pipes 30, 32 are received around the riser 22 such that they are concentric with the riser 22.
- the pipe 30 has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the riser 22 such that an annulus is formed between the riser 22 and the first pipe 30.
- the pipe 32 has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the pipe 30 such that an annulus is formed between the pipes 30, 32.
- the upper end of the pipe 30 extends beyond the upper end of the pipe 32 immediately surrounding it.
- the annulus between the concentric pipes 30, 32 and the riser 22 is preferably filled with a durable and pliable material 36.
- the pliable material 36 helps to insure that the riser 22 and the pipes 30, 32 all deflect laterally substantially the same amount.
- a suitable material for the operating environment, such as cement grout, is used as the pliable material 36.
- the lower ends of the pipes 30, 32 and riser 22 are welded to a flange 34.
- Flange 34 is specially formed so as to effectively form short segments of the riser 22 and each pipe 30, 32, respectively indicated by numerals 22A, 30A, and 32A. Each segment extends upwardly from the base of the flange. This feature places the weld between the riser, pipes, and flange some distance away from the most severe fatigue location, where the riser and pipes meet the base of the flange. It can also be seen that the weld point of the riser 22 and each pipe 30, 32 to the flange 34 are spaced apart longitudinally. This allows the flange to be thicker at the base where needed for handling the loads occurring during normal conditions.
- the lower end of the annulus formed between each segment 22A, 30A, and 32A may be provided with rounded smooth surface profiles as illustrated to reduce the stress concentration associated with sharp corners in the surface profile.
- Shims 38 may be inserted in the annulus at the upper end of each pipe 30, 32 and rigidly held in place by any suitable means such as welding. Shims 38 may be formed of metal, such as steel, to provide durability and serve as retainers for less rigid materials 36, such as polyurethane.
- the invention provides the advantage of lower costs because it may be formed from standard pipe sections that are readily available or can be manufactured using readily available equipment.
- the design is more reliable than the very thick single pipe designs presently in use because it is easier to control the quality of the thinner pipe material.
- the concentric pipe design also is more reliable because there is redundancy in the pipe sections.
- the inner pipe normally has the highest hoop stresses since this pipe is required to contain internal and external pressures. However, with the invention, the bending stresses in the inner most pipe are significantly less than in the outer pipes. Thus, the inner most critical pipe is less likely to experience fatigue damage.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to stress relief joints for risers such as those used in the production of hydrocarbons offshore, and more particularly to such stress relief joints used for risers in conjunction with floating structures.
- In the drilling and production of hydrocarbons offshore, the development of deep water operations from floating vessels has included the use of tendons and risers under tension extending from the vessel to the sea floor. Such floating vessels have included tension buoyant towers and spar structures in which the floating structures extend well below the surface of the water and are subjected to heave, pitch, and roll motions.
- The lower ends of the tendons and risers are connected to the sea floor by means of additional pipes or risers embedded in and grouted to the sea floor. The upper ends of the tendons and risers pass through openings in the keel or bottom portion of the vessels and are supported vertically by tension means located near the water surface.
- When the vessel moves laterally in response to environmental forces, appreciable bending stresses will be induced in the riser in the region just above the point where the riser is attached to the additional pipes at the sea floor. A current approach to the situation has been to use thicker than normal pipes. Disadvantages of this approach are higher manufacturing costs and lower quality consistency in manufacturing of the thicker pipe. This presents a need for a better arrangement for handling the bending stresses induced in the riser at the sea floor.
- Respective aspects of the invention are set out in claims 1, 4, 5 and 9.
- A preferred embodiment of the invention provides a stress relief joint for use with riser pipe in floating systems wherein a vessel is subject to variable motion caused by wind, currents, and/or wave action. The riser pipe has one end connectable to the sea floor and an upper portion arranged to pass through an opening at the bottom of the vessel. The lower end, which is connectable to other pipes at the sea floor, is provided with at least two concentric pipes or sleeves around the riser. The lower ends of the pipes and riser are welded to a flange. The upper end of each of the concentric pipes extends beyond the upper end of the pipe immediately surrounding it. The annulus between the concentric pipes and the riser is preferably filled with a durable and pliable material. Also, shims may be inserted in the annulus at the end of each pipe segment.
- The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, throughout which like parts are referred to by like references, and in which:
- Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a floating vessel, sea floor, and riser interconnecting the vessel and sea floor;
- Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail view of a portion of Fig. 1 showing an embodiment of the invention; and
- Fig. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of part of the arrangement shown in Fig. 2.
-
- Fig. 1 generally and schematically shows a
vessel 20 of spar or tension buoyant tower type with apipe 22 exiting from its bottom orkeel 24 and having asuitable connection 26 to thesea floor 28. Lateral horizontal excursion of thevessel 20 is indicated by its position at 20'. Bending stresses occur on thepipe 22 where it exits the vessel at thekeel 24 and at thesea floor connection 26, the dotted lines 22' exaggerating such bending. - Fig. 2 illustrates the preferred embodiment of the invention. A
stress relief joint 10 is generally comprised of sleeves orpipes flange 34. - As seen in Fig. 3, the
pipes riser 22 such that they are concentric with theriser 22. Thepipe 30 has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of theriser 22 such that an annulus is formed between theriser 22 and thefirst pipe 30. Thepipe 32 has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of thepipe 30 such that an annulus is formed between thepipes pipe 30 extends beyond the upper end of thepipe 32 immediately surrounding it. - The annulus between the
concentric pipes riser 22 is preferably filled with a durable andpliable material 36. Thepliable material 36 helps to insure that theriser 22 and thepipes pliable material 36. The lower ends of thepipes riser 22 are welded to aflange 34. -
Flange 34 is specially formed so as to effectively form short segments of theriser 22 and eachpipe numerals riser 22 and eachpipe flange 34 are spaced apart longitudinally. This allows the flange to be thicker at the base where needed for handling the loads occurring during normal conditions. The lower end of the annulus formed between eachsegment -
Shims 38 may be inserted in the annulus at the upper end of eachpipe Shims 38 may be formed of metal, such as steel, to provide durability and serve as retainers for lessrigid materials 36, such as polyurethane. - Although only two concentric pipes are shown, it should be understood that more may be used, depending upon the application and conditions. It should also be understood that although the preferred embodiment locates the stress relief joint at the lower end of the riser, the joint may be positioned at other locations on the riser where necessary to accommodate appreciable bending loads.
- The invention provides the advantage of lower costs because it may be formed from standard pipe sections that are readily available or can be manufactured using readily available equipment. The design is more reliable than the very thick single pipe designs presently in use because it is easier to control the quality of the thinner pipe material. The concentric pipe design also is more reliable because there is redundancy in the pipe sections. The inner pipe normally has the highest hoop stresses since this pipe is required to contain internal and external pressures. However, with the invention, the bending stresses in the inner most pipe are significantly less than in the outer pipes. Thus, the inner most critical pipe is less likely to experience fatigue damage.
- Because many varying and differing embodiments may be made within the scope of the inventive concept herein taught and because many modifications may be made in the embodiment herein detailed in accordance with the descriptive requirement of the law, it is to be understood that the details herein are to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
Claims (10)
- A stress relief joint for use with a riser in floating systems wherein a vessel is subject to variable motion caused by wind, currents, and wave action, the riser having one end connectable to the sea floor and an upper riser portion adapted to pass through an opening at the bottom of the vessel, the stress relief joint comprising:a. a plurality of pipes received around the riser such that an annulus is formed between each pipe and the riser, said pipes being concentric with the riser and having first and second ends, with the first end of each pipe extending beyond the first end of the immediately surrounding pipe; andb. a flange rigidly connected to the riser and the second end of said pipes.
- The stress relief joint of claim 1, further comprising a pliable material received in the annulus formed between said pipes and the riser.
- The stress relief joint of claim 1, further comprising a shim rigidly attached between each of said pipes and the riser at the first end of each of said plurality of pipes.
- A stress relief joint for use with a riser in floating systems wherein a vessel is subject to variable motion caused by wind, currents, and wave action, the riser having one end connectable to the sea floor and an upper riser portion adapted to pass through an opening at the bottom of the vessel, the stress relief joint comprising:a. a plurality of pipes received around the riser such that an annulus is formed between each pipe and the riser, said pipes being concentric with the riser and having first and second ends, with the first end of each pipe extending beyond the first end of the immediately surrounding pipe;b. a flange rigidly connected to the riser and the second end of said pipes;c. a pliable material received in the annulus formed between said pipes and the riser; andd. a shim rigidly attached between each of said pipes and the riser at the first end of each of said plurality of pipes.
- A stress relief joint for use with a riser in floating systems wherein a vessel is subject to variable motion caused by wind, currents, and wave action, the riser having one end connectable to the sea floor and an upper riser portion adapted to pass through an opening at the bottom of the vessel, the stress relief joint comprising:a. a plurality of pipes received around the lower end of the riser such that an annulus is formed between each pipe and the riser, said pipes being concentric with the riser, and the upper end of each of said pipes extending beyond the upper end of the immediately surrounding pipe; andb. a flange rigidly connected to the lower end of the riser and said pipes.
- The stress relief joint of claim 5, further comprising a pliable material received in the annulus formed between said pipes and the riser.
- The stress relief joint of claim 5, wherein said plurality of pipes comprises first and second pipes.
- The stress relief joint of claim 5, further comprising a shim rigidly attached between each of said pipes and the riser at the upper end of each of said plurality of pipes.
- A stress relief joint for use with a riser in floating systems wherein a vessel is subject to variable motion caused by wind, currents, and wave action, the riser having one end connectable to the sea floor and an upper riser portion adapted to pass through an opening at the bottom of the vessel, the stress relief joint comprising:a. first and second pipes received around the lower end of the riser such that an annulus is formed between each pipe and the riser, said first and second pipes being concentric with the riser, and the upper end of said first pipe extending beyond the upper end of the second pipe;b. a flange rigidly connected to the lower end of the riser and said pipes; andc. a pliable material received in the annulus formed between said pipes and the riser.
- The stress relief joint of claim 9, further comprising a shim rigidly attached between each of said pipes and the riser at the upper end of each of said plurality of pipes.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US95849597A | 1997-10-27 | 1997-10-27 | |
US958495 | 1997-10-27 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0911482A2 true EP0911482A2 (en) | 1999-04-28 |
EP0911482A3 EP0911482A3 (en) | 2002-04-03 |
EP0911482B1 EP0911482B1 (en) | 2004-10-20 |
Family
ID=25500995
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19980308732 Expired - Lifetime EP0911482B1 (en) | 1997-10-27 | 1998-10-26 | Stress relief joints for risers |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0911482B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU8950298A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9804215A (en) |
FI (1) | FI982309A (en) |
NO (1) | NO319687B1 (en) |
OA (1) | OA10906A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005021926A1 (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-03-10 | Technip France | A stiffener fixation assembly for a protective assembly that protects a flexible tube against wear due to friction |
US6865791B2 (en) * | 2000-05-10 | 2005-03-15 | Qinetiq Limited | Method of generating force between a structure and an additional member |
WO2005073496A1 (en) * | 2004-01-29 | 2005-08-11 | Wellstream International Limited | Assembly and method for stiffening a flexible pipe |
FR2930618A1 (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-10-30 | Saipem S A Sa | INERTIA TRANSITION DRIVING ELEMENT FOR RECOVERING RIGID UNDERWATER DRIVING |
FR2930587A1 (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-10-30 | Saipem S A Sa | BACKFLY-SURFACE LINK INSTALLATION OF A RIGID CONDUIT WITH A POSITIVE FLOATABLE FLEXIBLE DRIVE AND A TRANSITIONAL PART OF INERTIA |
WO2015161894A1 (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-10-29 | Abb Technology Ltd | Bend stiffener with bend indication |
US9217300B1 (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-12-22 | Technip France | Subsea riser support and method for bridging escarpments |
CN113883339A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-04 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Seawater lifting pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3605413A (en) * | 1969-10-24 | 1971-09-20 | North American Rockwell | Riser with a rigidity varying lower portion |
FR2397084A1 (en) * | 1977-07-06 | 1979-02-02 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Suspension point for submarine cables and lines - provides progressive stiffening of cable using thermoplastic sleeves |
US4854781A (en) * | 1987-06-18 | 1989-08-08 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Variable rigidity element for transfer column foot |
US5683205A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1997-11-04 | Deep Oil Technology, Inc. | Stress relieving joint for pipe and method |
FR2760813A1 (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 1998-09-18 | Coflexip | DEVICE FOR CURVING A FLEXIBLE PIPE |
-
1998
- 1998-10-26 AU AU89502/98A patent/AU8950298A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-10-26 NO NO19984975A patent/NO319687B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-26 BR BR9804215A patent/BR9804215A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-26 EP EP19980308732 patent/EP0911482B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-26 FI FI982309A patent/FI982309A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-10-27 OA OA9800203A patent/OA10906A/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3605413A (en) * | 1969-10-24 | 1971-09-20 | North American Rockwell | Riser with a rigidity varying lower portion |
FR2397084A1 (en) * | 1977-07-06 | 1979-02-02 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Suspension point for submarine cables and lines - provides progressive stiffening of cable using thermoplastic sleeves |
US4854781A (en) * | 1987-06-18 | 1989-08-08 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Variable rigidity element for transfer column foot |
US5683205A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1997-11-04 | Deep Oil Technology, Inc. | Stress relieving joint for pipe and method |
FR2760813A1 (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 1998-09-18 | Coflexip | DEVICE FOR CURVING A FLEXIBLE PIPE |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6865791B2 (en) * | 2000-05-10 | 2005-03-15 | Qinetiq Limited | Method of generating force between a structure and an additional member |
WO2005021926A1 (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-03-10 | Technip France | A stiffener fixation assembly for a protective assembly that protects a flexible tube against wear due to friction |
US7575254B2 (en) | 2003-09-03 | 2009-08-18 | Technip France | Stiffener fixation assembly for a protective assembly that protects a flexible tube against wear due to friction |
WO2005073496A1 (en) * | 2004-01-29 | 2005-08-11 | Wellstream International Limited | Assembly and method for stiffening a flexible pipe |
US7069958B2 (en) | 2004-01-29 | 2006-07-04 | Wellstream International Limited | Assembly and method for stiffening a flexible pipe |
US7210504B2 (en) | 2004-01-29 | 2007-05-01 | Wellstream International Limited | Assembly and method for stiffening a flexible pipe |
CN1914404B (en) * | 2004-01-29 | 2014-12-10 | 韦尔斯特里姆国际有限公司 | Assembly and method for stiffening a flexible pipe |
WO2009138610A1 (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-11-19 | Saipem S.A. | Inertia transition pipe element in particular for fixing a rigid submarine pipe |
FR2930587A1 (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-10-30 | Saipem S A Sa | BACKFLY-SURFACE LINK INSTALLATION OF A RIGID CONDUIT WITH A POSITIVE FLOATABLE FLEXIBLE DRIVE AND A TRANSITIONAL PART OF INERTIA |
US20110083853A1 (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2011-04-14 | Saipem S.A. | Inertia transition pipe element, in particular for restraining a rigid undersea pipe |
US8844632B2 (en) | 2008-04-24 | 2014-09-30 | Saipem S.A. | Inertia transition pipe element, in particular for restraining a rigid undersea pipe |
FR2930618A1 (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-10-30 | Saipem S A Sa | INERTIA TRANSITION DRIVING ELEMENT FOR RECOVERING RIGID UNDERWATER DRIVING |
WO2015161894A1 (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-10-29 | Abb Technology Ltd | Bend stiffener with bend indication |
AU2014391862B2 (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2017-07-13 | Nkt Hv Cables Ab | Bend stiffener with bend indication |
US9741212B2 (en) | 2014-04-25 | 2017-08-22 | Abb Hv Cables (Switzerland) Gmbh | Bend stiffener with bend indication |
US9217300B1 (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-12-22 | Technip France | Subsea riser support and method for bridging escarpments |
CN113883339A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-04 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Seawater lifting pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO984975D0 (en) | 1998-10-26 |
EP0911482B1 (en) | 2004-10-20 |
FI982309A (en) | 1999-04-28 |
FI982309A0 (en) | 1998-10-26 |
EP0911482A3 (en) | 2002-04-03 |
NO984975L (en) | 1999-04-28 |
AU8950298A (en) | 1999-05-13 |
OA10906A (en) | 2001-10-11 |
BR9804215A (en) | 1999-12-28 |
NO319687B1 (en) | 2005-09-05 |
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