EP0909409B1 - Uhrwerk - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0909409B1
EP0909409B1 EP97928097A EP97928097A EP0909409B1 EP 0909409 B1 EP0909409 B1 EP 0909409B1 EP 97928097 A EP97928097 A EP 97928097A EP 97928097 A EP97928097 A EP 97928097A EP 0909409 B1 EP0909409 B1 EP 0909409B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
time
mark
substrate
plane
axis
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EP97928097A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0909409A1 (de
Inventor
Edouard Pfister
Daniel Rochat
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Individual
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Individual
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
    • G04G9/00—Visual time or date indication means
    • G04G9/0076—Visual time or date indication means in which the time in another time-zone or in another city can be displayed at will
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/22—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces
    • G04B19/226—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces three-dimensionally shaped, e.g. terrestrial globes, cylinders and the like

Definitions

  • the present invention proposes to meet a need which has arisen and is developing in parallel with the intensification of communications over the entire surface of the Earth.
  • Reception at home whether by private means, such as fax or telephone, or by public means, such as television, of information from all the points of the globe is becoming faster and more intense.
  • the invention aims to meet this need by creating a time measurement instrument which gives instantly, thanks to a synoptic display and in a practical form and handy, the information required.
  • This horometric device can be produced under multiple different shapes, for example as clock, pendulum or pendulum, device on screen display, etc. To simplify, we will use, in the rest of this presentation, the general term "clock”.
  • timekeeping devices comprising a substrate with a geographical representation of the surface of the globe, a time marker and a means visualization of a path representing the moving line of twilight, these components being animated, from an engine assembly, relative movements simulating the movements of the earth relative to the sun.
  • German patent application DOS 2,018,727 suggests using as a substrate a spherical shell supported by a shaft coaxial with the line of the poles and as a means of visualizing the twilight line, a second hemispherical shell, transparent or tinted, partially surrounding the substrate, pivoting around an axis which is perpendicular to the pole line and goes through the center of the globe.
  • the time marker is a ring fixed or capable of a slight oscillating movement, which surrounds the substrate at level of the equator or near the south pole.
  • the clock is designed mainly as a hourly instrument measuring sidereal time, not average solar time
  • design of the time marker and its cooperation with the geographic representation carried by the substrate do not allow an easy reading of the local time at any time in all time zones.
  • the drive mechanisms provided are relatively complex.
  • the time marker is a simple ring located at the base of the substrate, which hinders easy reading of local time by any point of the geographical representation and the driving means necessary in the event that a fully automatic and regulated drive should be expected, seem complicated.
  • Patent application EP 0441 678 published in 1991 also relates to a terrestrial globe mounted so as to simulate the movements of the earth by relation to the sun.
  • this achievement which includes mechanisms relatively complicated, is primarily designed to indicate sidereal time, and its time mark does not allow easy reading of local time.
  • the present invention aims to achieve this goal. Its object is defined in a way general by claim 1.
  • the idea of the invention consists in producing the movements of the terrestrial globe by relative to the base of the device, as seen from one side privileged of the clock, they appear as they would appear to a fictitious observer looking at the earth from a point on the straight line which join the center of the earth to the center of the sun, or to a fictitious observer who would move in the plane perpendicular to the ecliptic and containing this line.
  • the geographical representation will bear the limits of the time zones. These are often, at least on the continents, different from the plots of meridians defining time zones.
  • the meridian which, in each time zone determines the time local, and whose distance to the meridian of Greenwich is an integer multiple of 15 degrees, bear one or more specially marked indicator signs. For example, these signs can be traced with a colored or luminescent coating or allow the substrate to appear in case it is transparent or translucent so that a means of interior lighting make them visible.
  • the time mark and its locating elements cooperating with the signs indicators we will see below different possible forms of execution for this body rigid. Being intended to cover, at least partially the geographical representation, its overlapping parts will preferably be transparent, only the time elements proper being visible.
  • At its base preferably on a collar surrounding the tree, in cases where the substrate is a three-dimensional body, or on a longitudinal strip of the mark in the case of a flat or curved execution, we will provide a graduation from 0 to 24 hours, with, if necessary, subdivisions if the dimensions allow it.
  • the time elements include at least the 12 o'clock element which determines with the central point of the globe, the plane that we have called the solar plane.
  • the arrangement of the engine assembly as defined in claim 1 includes the four types of achievements which seem to provide the desired combination of advantages: readability of the synoptic display, clarity of the simulation of real movements, simplicity constructive.
  • a variant of this principle implementation consists in providing that the twilight plane is fixed but that the whole of the base, of the time marker and of the globe with its tree performs a movement oscillating about a parallel axis but which can be offset from the axis of oscillation of the twilight plane in the previous execution.
  • the fictitious observer remains then placed on the earth-sun line, but tilts more or less so as to see the axis constantly straight when in reality it describes a circular translational movement in an oblique position, inclined by 23.5 degrees from the perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic.
  • the third solution is the one shown in fig. 2: the fictitious observer is constantly on the earth-sun line and therefore sees the twilight plane perpendicular to the direction of his gaze.
  • the axis of the globe describes, in an oblique position, a rotational movement around a line passing through its center and perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic and the time marker whose solar plane is constantly oriented towards the observer describes a slow, swaying movement, simulating even better than the previous executions the actual movements of the earth.
  • the fourth solution is to transpose the geographic representation of the globe on a flat or curved surface, this representation moving from West to East under a grid which presents a network of lines forming time elements oriented in parallel to the meridians.
  • the twilight line is then a line having the appearance of a sinusoid which moves north or south depending on the course of seasons.
  • the moving indicator signs of the representation geographic and the time elements of the fixed time mark will cooperate to allow a easy reading of local time.
  • the geographic representation of the terrestrial globe in fact constitutes a single indicating organ, which may be in the form of a sphere or any other body to axial symmetry, but which can also be a flat or curved surface.
  • This indicator member cooperates with a time marker and the display device operates so as to create a periodic relative movement between the time reference mark and the organ indicator, which implies that one or the other of the two organs can be fixed, while the other is mobile, or that the two organs are mobile relative to the same base which is fixed.
  • the forms of execution which appear to be the most advantageous comprise an indicator member having a periodic displacement at a period of 24 hours from the base, and an hour mark which is fixed or which, at least, permanently maintains a fixed orientation relative to the base.
  • the indicator means auxiliary which has the function of marking the twilight line on the indicating organ should have a more complicated absolute movement if the indicating organ is fixed, than if he travels periodically within 24 hours, and in particular a displacement in rotation around an axis.
  • the auxiliary indicating means must be designed to share the surface of the earth in two parts in a large circle whose plane is constantly oriented towards the sun, and therefore is perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic. Since in reality astronomical the earth makes a displacement in relation to the sun in such a way so that its axis of rotation describes a circular translational movement around from the sun, while remaining tilted by 23.5 ° with respect to a perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic, the transposition of this movement and of the proper rotation movement of the earth, on a model capable of being built in the form of a clock presents a number of difficulties.
  • the clock described operates on the basis of a time count referred to the second. It constantly indicates the average true solar day, and the evolution of the usual calendar can be displayed permanently, increasing the annual period to 366 days in leap years that can be done automatically on the basis of a program incorporated into the time base or at will by means of an accessible corrector of the user.
  • auxiliary indicating means consists of a screen circular bearing a lamp on one of its faces.
  • This screen is mounted inside the indicator member of spherical shape and cooperates with drive means which impose the movement corresponding to the required function. If the globe is fixed, which causes the time mark to rotate with a 24-hour period around the axis of the poles, then the inner screen must be driven on the one hand according to a rotational movement identical to that of the time marker, so as to be constantly oriented according to the plan in which are the meridians whose local time is 6:00 am and 6:00 pm, and on the other hand in an oscillating movement, of amplitude ⁇ 23.5 ° around an axis which is perpendicular to the previous one.
  • the time mark constitutes a rigid member which has certain general characteristics which should be mentioned before proceeding to the detailed description.
  • this rigid member will be arranged in the form of a hollow body some parts of which may be of transparent material and in which the organ indicator representing the surface of the earth will be partially or fully engaged.
  • the time reference will be a body with axial symmetry, coaxial with the indicating member. n will bear on one or more visible areas, radial lines representing the hours marked from 1 to 24.
  • this time marker can be designed in the form of a cap in portion of a sphere partially surrounding the southern hemisphere of the representation geographic of the terrestrial globe.
  • This cap will be made of a transparent material and its shape will be adapted to that of the substrate of so as to cover it tightly.
  • a circular flange of flat shape, or frustoconical or even curved will carry the hourly graduation 0 hour - 24 hours, while that on the cap itself, engraved lines will form the time elements.
  • the clock will include a or more motors.
  • all the required movements can be produced from of a single motor to which a speed reducer with two output shafts will be incorporated.
  • This motor can be of any type, for example a stepping motor or a motor synchronous drive.
  • Preferably it will be driven by a time base, for example quartz type, although an electric motor driven by the network frequency may also, depending on the case, be sufficiently reliable.
  • a spring motor of classic type, likely to be reassembled by hand or, if necessary, automatically depending on the temperature variations or pressure variations, can also be expected.
  • the base or the base of the clock will include preferably digital display means for conveniently reading the date, month, if applicable year, day of week or any other indication interesting.
  • the clock cabinet can also wear a classic dial with 12-hour hour and minute hands, adjustable in a time zone preferential.
  • the he will then include, for example, 24 cells of the light-emitting diode or LCD cell type spread around the globe.
  • these cells will be found on that of two indicator / time marker elements which is fixed, while a sliding contact mounted on the rotary organ and rotating with it will successively excite these cells progressively of rotation, so that the excited cells designate the parts of the globe having the new date.
  • the change from the date change meridian to local time 24 hours will cause immediate de-excitation of all cells.
  • a device having exactly the same effect, but built entirely mechanically, can easily be designed, and this according to different models. We will return to this point later.
  • route nodes for example the locations of certain airports important.
  • route nodes will be provided with type identification means electronic and stored in program memory with the necessary data.
  • the program in question will include a calculation and research instruction allowing to determine the series of route nodes corresponding to certain initial conditions that you can choose at will.
  • the program could determine for example, the fastest path, subject to certain general conditions, between the point of departure and the point of arrival, in passing through a minimum number of route nodes, and showing the route as well determined, by exciting these different route nodes concerned.
  • this route determination function is particularly simple to perform if the organ indicator and time marker are flat surfaces, and more precisely surfaces screen of a conscle with electronic display.
  • the substrate of the representation geographic is a body with axial symmetry and the 12-hour time element of the coordinate system schedule remains constantly directed to the side from where the clock is intended to be viewed
  • an additional assembly can be provided according to which the base is still supported by a console, or a stand, and manual or motor drive auxiliary allows it to be rotated quickly in one direction or the other. This movement can be limited to 180 degrees.
  • a control means mounted on the console allows to control this rotation at will.
  • Such a console also allows, for example, to house means for controlling the function which has just been described making it appear itineraries, or exciting means on the geographical representation, the outline of the time zone which is thus brought into the favorable observation position.
  • the indicator signs corresponding to the meridian of the local time of this time zone can be excited.
  • This last function can also be used to show the local time offset in the time zones (winter time - summer time), So, for example, in Central Europe, winter time is solar time mean of the meridian +15 degrees (passing a little east of Berlin) and summer time is the mean solar time of the meridian +30 degrees (passing near St. Russia).
  • the clock of FIG. 1 comprises an indicator member 1 in the form of a spherical shell in semi-transparent material, bearing a decoration which represents the surface of the terrestrial globe with its meridians.
  • This shell (1) is integral with a tubular shaft (2) which is fixed to it the location representing the south pole and which is oriented along the axis of the globe. To his lower end, this shaft (2) carries a toothed wheel (3) which meshes in a pinion (4) mounted on an engine output shaft (5).
  • the tree (2) and the globe (1) are guided and supported by a fixed pin (6) which crosses the shaft (2) over its entire length and is extends inside the sphere (1) for a certain distance. It is provided with bearings outside (7) which guide the tree (2).
  • This trunnion which is itself hollow, is part of the frame of a base (8) integral with the base (9) of the clock.
  • the base (8) has a shape cylindrical, with a vertical axis, but its upper face is inclined, the pin (6) perpendicular to said upper face being itself inclined by 23.5 ° relative to the vertical.
  • the axis of the globe (1) therefore has the same inclination, which corresponds to the inclination of the earth's axis with respect to a perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic.
  • the globe (1) is therefore rotated from the motor (5) by the wheel (3) at the right of a turn in 24 hours. It cooperates with a time marker (10) which is fixed and integral with the base (8).
  • This time marker has a frustoconical base (11) with one face upper flat (12) and a lower face used for fixing the marker to the base (8).
  • the body (11) is therefore coaxial with the shaft (2), the upper face (12) being pierced with a opening allowing the passage of this tree.
  • signs (13) On the lateral frustoconical surface of the body (11), are marked with signs (13), in the form of radial lines, cutting the periphery of the hour mark in 24 divisions corresponding to the 24 hours of the average solar day.
  • the face (12) of the time marker (10) has a certain number of radial plates (14) which are placed on edge on time divisions regularly spaced.
  • the inner edges (15) of the plates (14) are curved along arcs whose radius corresponds to that of the globe (1) so as to facilitate the appreciation of local time at any point on any meridian of the globe (1).
  • the plates (14) extend to the height of the equator, but it is obvious that they could, if necessary, have a different height.
  • the clock has a means auxiliary indicator which plays, in a way, the role of the sun.
  • the auxiliary indicating means will include the following elements: firstly the motor (5) is equipped with a second shaft output which, in Figure 1, is coaxial with that carrying the pinion (4), and which carries itself a pinion (17). This pinion (17) meshes with a wheel (18) which is driven so as to perform a tour on itself in 365 days under normal conditions.
  • This wheel (18) is integral with an inner shaft (19) which is led inside the pin (6) and guided by bearings (20).
  • This tree (19) ends a little below the center of the globe (1) and carries at its end an eccentric (21).
  • the pin (6) also supports a cradle in a semicircle (22) whose plane is oriented perpendicular to the plane of the drawing Figure 1, and whose two branches extend along the meridians from 6:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. to inside the globe.
  • the ends of the two branches of this cradle (22) are at the height of the equator, i.e. they determine an axis perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in figure 1 and passing through the center of the globe.
  • Said ends of the two branches of the cradle (22) serve as a bearing for nipples which project from a circular flat plate (23) made of an opaque material, which is thus suspended inside the globe (1) along the horizontal axis defined above.
  • This plate is indented in the region which is located at the height of the eccentric (21) and has a folded tab (24) with a slot (25) in which the spout of the eccentric (21) is engaged.
  • the plate (23) performs a double oscillating movement during each annual period and the arrangement of the tongue (24) and the eccentric (21) are such that the amplitude of the oscillation movement is exactly ⁇ 23.5 ° on either side of the plane perpendicular to the drawing, and containing the axis of the globe.
  • this circular plate which acts as a screen, is arranged vertically and understands that this particular arrangement corresponds to the date of the summer solstice.
  • the position of the screen (23) is symmetrical with respect to the axis of the poles of the one corresponding to the summer solstice, while at the time of the equinoxes, the screen (23) is located in the plane perpendicular to the drawing and containing the axis of the poles.
  • the material of the spherical shell (1) being semi-transparent, it may be sufficient that the face of the screen (23) turned to the left in FIG. 1, either in bright white color, while the other side is black, to create the impression on the spherical shell (1) of the twilight line sharing the lighted areas of the globe, of those in darkness.
  • a bulb such as the bulb (26)
  • the clock of FIG. 1 also includes digital display devices sketched at (27) on the base (8), indicating for example the date, the month and the year.
  • Counting devices correspondents may be equipped with an automatic corrector showing automatically every four years on February 29 of leap years.
  • the date change must naturally be synchronized with the local time 24h00 / 0h00 of one of the time zones, for example the Central European time zone, but this indication may be, in in some cases, insufficient if the user plans for example a plane trip by direction of Australia, or a country of the Far East.
  • the clock shown in Figure 1 also includes a date change device.
  • a row of 24 diodes luminescent indicated by (28) is mounted inside the body (11) of the time marker (10) and placed so as to be astride, each, with one of the time signs (13).
  • a contact element (29) which cooperates with a series of corresponding contacts (30), also placed on the body (11), for example on the reverse of the upper flat surface of this body.
  • the diodes carried by the base (10), shifted to the east with respect to the 24 hour time sign and to the right of which the date change meridian passes, will be energized and will remain on, indicating that in the corresponding regions of the globe, the date is the new date.
  • This progressive movement will take place until the indicator member (1) has performed a complete rotation on itself, the meridian of date change being found in the 24h00 / 0h00 position, time at which all the diodes will go out, so as not to reset that the first diode (28) when the area of the date change meridian reaches the new date.
  • the date change indicator device can also be entirely mechanical. For that, one has the choice between several different constructive principles. So, for example, different cells (28) can be replaced by a series of circular windows formed in an annular plate which surrounds the tree carrying the shell (1). A second plate disposed under the first annular plate has an upper surface of a certain color that appears in all counters at the time that corresponds to the extinction of all the diodes in the case of the electronic device.
  • a finger entrainant integral with the tree of the globe, hangs a piece in the form of a split ring, which is placed under the second fixed plate, but overflows on it at the right of the sign of 24 hours through a slot.
  • This split ring will be retained by a spring.
  • the latter of which the surface can be colored in a light color, will be gradually driven under the silk counters that, as it advances, the color visible through these the latter will for example go from dark to light.
  • a ratchet will release the split ring which, recalled by its spring, will instantly return to its original position and the cycle can start again.
  • the clock described can be designed entirely mechanically, without any external energy source.
  • this variant consists in replacing the mechanism drive (18), (19), (21), (24) of the screen (23) by a simple suspension provided with a counterweight, so that the screen naturally places itself in an equilibrium position in which it is vertical or possibly under a determined inclination.
  • the base (8) will be separated from the base (9) and mounted to pivot relative to it about an axis parallel to the screen suspension axis (23).
  • the motor (5) can remain integral with the base, Instead of the output pinion (17) it will include a loudness of axis parallel to the two axes mentioned above.
  • the base will include a fixed crown, or even a toothed sector in which will mesh with the pinion replacing the pinion (17).
  • This motor output axis will be controlled this way to oscillate the base and all the mechanisms it carries with an amplitude of 47 degrees and a period of 365 times 24 hours, which can be changed to 366 times 24 hours once every 4 years. Stepper motor control allows to realize without difficulty regimes of this kind.
  • FIG. 2 which we now consider, differs from the first regarding the principle of transposition into a concrete model from reality astronomical. Nevertheless, it has the same advantages of synoptic reading of the time in different time zones.
  • the elements of the clock are enclosed in the interior of a cabinet (40) which has been given a cylindrical shape with a part upper rounded half-sphere. Apart from the base (41), this cabinet includes a cylindro-hemispherical envelope entirely of transparent material. It is obvious however that any other form of cabinet may be provided for in this second execution of the clock described.
  • the functional organs are fully visible and the positions they occupy in Figure 2 correspond to those they occupy at the time of an equinox.
  • the direction from which the sunlight comes is therefore oriented along a line perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The sun can be assumed both forwards and forwards rear, compared to this plane.
  • a screen (42) consisting of a flat plate transparent in an arc, having a different coloring on both sides, that is to say a light coloration on the side where the source of sunlight is, and dark the other side. It is also possible to provide an external lamp illuminating the globe terrestrial, in order to mark, on its surface, the twilight line. However, the screen (42) with the different colors of its two faces, may be enough to represent, at least approximately, this marking.
  • the moving parts of the clock move one complex movement, which will be described below, inside the outline of the screen (42).
  • the upper face of the base (41) carries a guide member (43), such as a slide, rail, pebble track, etc., the outline of which is circular, horizontal and centered on the vertical axis of the clock.
  • This guide means allows the base (44), which we recognize the general shape, similar to that of the base (8) of the first embodiment, to perform movements of rotation about said axis.
  • This mobile base includes, on a circular base plate (45) an eccentric cylindrical housing (46), the upper face (47) of which is inclined. So that the circular edge of the plate (45) cooperates with the guide means (43), the face upper (47) is integral with a hollow pin (48) fitted internally and externally with bearings (49 & 50).
  • the axis of the pin (48) is inclined 23.5 ° relative to the vertical, and it will be noted that the dimensions relative elements are such that the axis of the pin (48) constantly intersects the axis of vertical symmetry of the clock at a point which is fixed, and which corresponds to the center of the cabinet hemispherical cap.
  • a motor (51) whose frame is fixed in the housing (46) of the base (44) has a shaft of outlet fitted with a pinion (52) which meshes in a fixed circular rack (53), secured to the base (41).
  • This circular rack is also centered on the axis vertical center of the clock, so that the rotation of the pinion (52) in the rack (53), causes a rotational movement of the base (44) on the guide means (43), that is to say a rotational movement around the vertical central axis of the clock.
  • the reference number (54) designates a spherical shell made of a material rigid, which may be opaque or transparent, and which has, on its outer surface, a representation of the surface of the globe. The center of this shell naturally coincides with the center point of the clock previously designated.
  • This shell is carried by a shaft (55) engaged inside the hollow pin (48) and guided by the two bearings (49) arranged inside this trunnion.
  • the shaft (55) pore a wheel toothed (56) which meshes with a pinion (57), constituting a second output shaft of the motor (51).
  • the speed of rotation of the drive members (57 & 56) will be such that the sphere (54) rotates completely on itself in 24 hours.
  • the sphere (54) functions as a synoptic indicating member, in cooperation with an hour mark which is carried by the base (44) and which is coaxial with hollow pin (48).
  • This time marker comprises a frustoconical body (58), of which the lateral surface has hour signs from 1 to 24 designated by (59).
  • some number of transparent plates (60) are fixed on the flat upper face of the body (58) in directions corresponding to the direction 6h00 / 18h00, 12h00 / 24h00, 03h00 / 15h00, etc. In the drawing, we see the plate (60) corresponding to the divisions 6h00 / 18h00 of the day and we note that this plate forms a complete ring.
  • a final arrangement which consists in that two arc portions of the outer edge of the member (60), designated by (61 & 62), are provided in their edges with a groove to which corresponds to a rigid point (63), respectively (64), embedded in the screen plate (42), extending horizontally at the height of the central point of the clock. The extremities of these rigid rods penetrate into the grooves (61 & 62).
  • the rods (63 & 64) keep the time mark in a fixed orientation, so that, for example, a perpendicular to the plane of the plate (60) will remain included throughout the rotation of the base (44) in a vertical plane perpendicular to the plane of the screen. Then, the plate (60), to take this example, will perform a rocking motion around the horizontal axis defined by the rods (63 & 64), while combining this oscillation movement with a rotation around the central axis perpendicular to the drawing plane.
  • the additional mounting of the base on a console will include here a vertical axis of rotation. This could be parallel and not confused with the axis of the crown (53), and thus restore the orbital movement of the terrestrial globe.
  • the calendar and date change devices described in connection with the first form are not shown in FIG. 2. It is understood that the clock can also include all these devices, and this in one or other of the various forms that have been mentioned.
  • the arrangement of Figure 2 has an advantageous feature: the relative positions of the two points which represent the center of the terrestrial globe on the one hand, and the sun on the other hand, are fixed.
  • the twilight line is a fixed circle on the shell spherical which represents the terrestrial globe, so that the two halves of this globe, which represent the day zone and the night zone respectively, are constantly at same places in relation to the base and the clock cabinet.
  • These two areas are separated by the screen (42).
  • the dividing line is located, according to Figure 2, in the plane of the drawing.
  • the substrate contains no mechanism connected to the outside, so that it is possible to pass conductors electric or optical by the shaft.
  • the terrestrial globe will be represented in the form of a planisphere, by example in Mercator projection, so that the meridians are then straight lines parallel to each other and perpendicular to the line of the Equator.
  • the time reference will be a fixed organ superimposed on the representation geographic and presenting time tracking elements in the form of parallel lines to the meridians.
  • the hour mark will be a transparent plate in which the time elements will be lines engraved or otherwise printed.
  • a particularly simple arrangement consists in mounting under the time marker a strip without end supported between two drums and carrying twice the geographic representation of the Mercator projection terrestrial globe.
  • One of the drums coupled to a motor, prints at the desired daytime movement.
  • the annual movement viewed by the twilight line moves it can be produced through a network diodes or minilamps placed between the strands of the strip and controlled according to a program, so as to carry out the North-South or South-North movement already mentioned.
  • the same network can also display route nodes when searching between two distant points.
  • the geographic representation of the globe can also be produced by fully electronic means, in which case the substrate takes the form of a screen, on which the world map appears and scrolls from a recording.
  • the overlay of the twilight line on the world map presents no difficulty.
  • the use of Mercator projection to represent the earth's surface has the advantage that meridians are parallel lines oriented north-south so that the time elements of the benchmark are also such lines.
  • other projections for example derived from a meridian projection. In this case shape of the meridians must change during the West-East course, what the projection on a screen allows.
  • the devices described above, for changing the date and viewing routes, can be adapted to a flat construction without any difficulty.

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Claims (13)

  1. Uhrwerk, enthaltend auf einer Basis
    ein Substrat mit einer sichtbaren Oberfläche, die eine geographische Darstellung des Erdballs und der Meridianlinien trägt,
    eine in Stunden abgestufte Zeitmarkierung, die neben der genannter sichtbaren Oberfläche plaziert ist,
    ein Visualisierungsmittel, das fähig ist, auf der genannten sichtbaren Oberfläche eine Dämmerungslinie erscheinen zu lassen, welche die Grenzen der hellen und dunklen Zonen der Kugel darstellt,
    und eine Motorbaugruppe, die durch eine Zeitbasis gesteuert ist und einerseits reale oder simulierte relative Verschiebungen zwischen der geographischen Darstellung und der Zeitmarkierung mit einer Periode in der Grössenordnung von 24 Stunden produziert und andererseits zwischen der fiktiven Ebene, der sogenannten Dämmerungsebene, in welcher sich die genannte Dämmerungslinie abzeichnet und der geographischen Darstellung, mit einer Periode in der Grössenordnung von einem Jahr, wobei diese Baugruppe die Bewegungen der Erde in bezug auf die Sonne simuliert, wobei die genannte relative Verschiebung bezüglich einer Periode von einem Jahr eine Oszillation mit einer Amplitude von ± 23,5 Grad enthält,
    wobei die Motorbaugruppe derart aufgebaut ist, dass die geographische Darstellung eine fortgesetzte und regelmässige Bewegung in bezug auf die Zeitmarkierung mit einer Periode von genau 24 Stunden ausführt,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die geographische Darstellung die Zeitzonen der Kugel zeigt und Anzeigezeichen trägt, von denen jedes auf einem Meridian liegt, der die lokale Zeit einer der genannten Zeitzonen bestimmt,
    dass die Zeitmarkierung ein starres Teil ist, das langgezogene Zeitelemente enthält, welche die genannte sichtbare Oberfläche bedecken und sich in der Richtung der Meridiane auf einer ausreichenden Länge erstrecken, um visuell mit den Anzeigezeichen zu kooperieren, wobei eines der Zeitelemente auf 12 Uhr angeordnet ist und mit der Geraden, welche die Polachse dei Kugel darstellt, eine Ebene, die sogenannte Sonnenebene, bestimmt,
    dass in der genannten Oszillation mit einer Amplitude von ± 23,5 Grad:
    eine Gerade rechtwinklig zur Dämmerungsebene durch den Mittelpunkt der Polachse in der Sonnenebene bleibt, welche in bezug auf die Basis fest ist, und sich die Oszillation zwischen dieser Geraden und der Polachse ereignet,
    oder die Dämmerungsebene in bezug auf die Basis fest ist und die Rechtwinklige zu dieser Ebene durch den Mittelpunkt in der Sonnenebene enthalten ist, welche um diese Gerade oszilliert und die Polachse um eine Gerade der Dämmerungsebene dreht.
  2. Uhrwerk nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste relative Verschiebung zwischen der geographischen Darstellung und der Dämmerungslinie normalerweise regelmässig ist mit einer Periode von 365 mal 24 Stunden, und dass diese Periode alle vier Jahre auf 366 mal 24 Stunden geändert werden kann.
  3. Uhrwerk nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Substrat ein starrer Körper mit einer axialsymmetrischen Form ist, der mit einer Antriebswelle verbunden ist, die nach der Polachse der geographischen Darstellung orientiert ist,
    die Zeitmarkierung ein anderer starrer Körper ist, koaxial zum Substrat, montiert auf der genannten Welle, so dass sie in bezug auf ihn drehen kann,
    die genannte Welle durch einen Sockel geführt ist, der auf der Basis montiert ist und die Zeitmarkierung trägt,
    das Visualisierungsmittel der Dämmerungslinie wie auch ein Visualisierungsmittel der genannten Anzeigezeichen, die beide durch Aussenden von Licht funktionieren, im Inneren des Substrats montiert sind.
  4. Uhrwerk nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Zeitmarkierung mit dem Sockel verbunden ist,
    letzterer in bezug auf die Basis um eine zur genannten Sonnenebene rechtwinklige Achse schwenkbar montiert ist, mit der genannten Periode von einem Jahr
    und das Visualisierungsmittel der Dämmerungslinie eine Lichtquelle ist, die auf einer Seite eines Schirms angeordnet ist, der im Inneren des Substrats leichtgängig um eine Achse getragen ist, die ebenfalls rechtwinklig zur Sonnenebene ist und mit einem Gegengewicht ausgestattet, das diese Ausrüstung in einer festen Orientierung in bezug auf die Basis hält, wenn der Sockel um seine eigene Achse oszilliert.
  5. Uhrwerk nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Substrat ein starrer Körper mit einer axialsymmetrischen Form ist, der mit einer Antriebswelle verbunden ist, die nach der Polachse der geographischen Darstellung orientiert ist,
    die Zeitmarkierung ein anderer starrer Körper ist, koaxial zum Substrat, montiert auf der genannten Welle, so dass sie in bezug auf ihn drehen kann,
    die genannte Welle durch einen Sockel geführt ist, der auf der Basis montiert ist und die Zeitmarkierung trägt,
    der Sockel zu einer rotierenden Bewegung in bezug auf die Basis um eine vertikale Achse angetrieben ist und die Welle des Substrats unter einem Winkel von 23,5 Grad in bezug auf die genannte Vertikale führt, die Rotationsachse des Sockels die Achse der Welle im Mittelpunkt des Substrats schneidet,
    das Visualisierungsmittel der Dämmerungslinie in bezug auf die Basis fest ist,
    und die Zeitmarkierung derart geführt ist, dass die horizontale Linie, die rechtwinklig zur Dämmerungsebene ist und durch das Zentrum der Kugel geht, ständig in der Sonnenebene liegt.
  6. Uhrwerk nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die sichtbare Oberfläche des Substrats eben oder gekrümmt ist, die geographische Darstellung derart ist, dass die Meridiane gerade, parallele Linien sind, die Zeitmarkierung fest ist und Zeitelemente enthält, die geradlinig, parallel und den Meridianen überlagert sind, das Visualisierungsmittel der Dämmerungslinie durch ein Netz von Zellen aufgebaut ist, die fähig sind, einen angeregten und einen nicht angeregten Zustand einzunehmen; diese Zellen sind in der geographischen Darstellung versenkt und durch ein Programm gesteuert.
  7. Uhrwerk nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Substrat ein starrer Körper mit einer axialsymmetrischen Form ist, der mit einer Antriebswelle verbunden ist, die nach der Polachse der geographischen Darstellung orientiert ist, und die Zeitmarkierung aus einem Kragen gebildet ist, der die genannte Welle umgibt und aus einer bestimmten Anzahl transparenter Tafeln, die hochkant und radial auf dem Kragen angeordnet, in regelmässig gewählten Richtungen um die Welle herum orientiert sind, wobei die Ränder der genannten Tafeln gegenüber der Aussenoberfläche des Substrats angeordnet sind und die genannten Zeitelemente bilden und der Kragen eine Zeiteinteilung in 24 Stunden aufweist, mit welcher die genannten Zeitelemente in Beziehung stehen.
  8. Uhrwerk nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Substrat ein starrer Körper mit einer axialsymmetrischen Form ist, der mit einer Antriebswelle verbunden ist, die nach der Polachse der geographischen Darstellung orientiert ist, und die Zeitmarkierung ein anderer starrer Körper ist, der eine Schale aus transparentem Material enthält, welche die Form eines Teils des genannten steifen axialsymmetrischen Körpers hat, der mit dem Körper derart verbunden ist, dass er um die genannte Welle drehen kann, und ein Kragen, der koaxial zur Schale ist, wobei letztere sichtbare Linien aufweist, welche die genannten Zeitelemente bilden und der Kragen eine Zeiteinteilung von 24 Stunden aufweist, mit welcher die genannten Zeitelemente in Beziehung stehen.
  9. Uhrwerk nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anzeigebaugruppe unter anderem ein Anzeigemittel des Datumswechsels enthält, das gegenüber den Anzeigezeichen die Zeitzonen, die das neue Datum passiert haben, von jenen unterscheidet, die noch auf dem alten Datum sind.
  10. Uhrwerk nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Anzeigemittel des Datumswechsels eine Serie von Unterscheidungsorganen enthält, von denen jedes in dem Moment einen sichtbaren Zustandswechsel ausführt, wenn die lokale Zeit einer bestimmten Zeitzone das Zeitelement von 24/0 Stunden passiert und dass alle die genannten Unterscheidungsorgane den Zustandswechsel umgekehrt ausführen im Moment, in dem die Zeitzone, welche den Datumswechselmeridian enthält, das Zeitelement von 24/0 Stunden passiert.
  11. Uhrwerk nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannten Unterscheidungsorgane auf der Zeitmarkierung, auf einem die Zeitmarkierung tragenden Sockel oder auf der genannten sichtbaren Oberfläche des Substrats verteilt sind.
  12. Uhrwerk nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mit dem Substrat verbundenen Visualisierungsmittel auf einen Befehl ansprechende Mittel zur selektiven Aktivierung enthalten, die fähig sind, vorbestimmte Punkte auf der genannten geographischen Darstellung anzuregen und so eine Strecke erscheinen zu lassen.
  13. Uhrwerk nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein zusätzliches Bewegungsmittel enthält, das es erlaubt, die Basis und die auf ihr montierten Bestandteile in einer Gesamtbewegung um eine vertikale Achse in bezug auf einen Fuss, der fest ist, drehen zu lassen, wobei diese Bewegung von Hand oder durch einen Motor, dessen Amplitude beliebig variabel ist, gesteuert werden kann.
EP97928097A 1996-07-05 1997-07-03 Uhrwerk Expired - Lifetime EP0909409B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH170196 1996-07-05
CH170196 1996-07-05
CH1701/96 1996-07-05
PCT/CH1997/000262 WO1998001795A1 (fr) 1996-07-05 1997-07-03 Dispositif horometrique

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EP0909409A1 EP0909409A1 (de) 1999-04-21
EP0909409B1 true EP0909409B1 (de) 2000-08-23

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JP (1) JP2000514186A (de)
AU (1) AU3252397A (de)
DE (1) DE69702912T2 (de)
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WO (1) WO1998001795A1 (de)

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US7012855B1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2006-03-14 Miguel Guillermo Ochoa Loaiza World globe pocket clock and world globe desk clock
WO2006077274A1 (es) * 2005-01-18 2006-07-27 Munoz Saiz Manuel Reloj diurno o terráqueo
ITMI20050328A1 (it) 2005-03-03 2006-09-04 Univ Degli Studi Milano Composti peptidomimetrici e preparazione di derivati biologicamente attivi
US7685722B1 (en) 2008-08-22 2010-03-30 Spire Jr Garold Dean Compact celestial navigation device
US9612577B2 (en) 2013-04-22 2017-04-04 Donald J. Lecher Device displaying a series of sequential timekeeping periods
US9459590B1 (en) 2013-04-22 2016-10-04 Donald J. Lecher Methods and devices using a series of sequential timekeeping periods
EP2977832B1 (de) * 2014-07-23 2017-08-30 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Uhr, die den sonnenauf oder den untergang an jedem punkt der erde anzeigen kann
EP3007012B1 (de) * 2014-10-07 2017-08-16 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Uhr, die den Sonnenauf- und -untergang an jedem Punkt der Erde anzeigen kann
US10400817B2 (en) 2016-11-22 2019-09-03 Woodward, Inc. Radial bearing device
EP3825778B1 (de) 2019-11-21 2023-07-12 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Steuerkranz für uhr
CN112490959B (zh) * 2020-11-13 2022-03-08 三峡大学科技学院 一种电缆指向标识桩

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US3516243A (en) * 1969-07-17 1970-06-23 Allyn B Hazard Globe-clock with single bearing
DE2250758C2 (de) * 1972-10-17 1974-07-11 Norbert 6000 Frankfurt Senger Elektronische Zeitanzeigevorrichtung in Form einer Weltkarte
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EP0909409A1 (de) 1999-04-21
US6018503A (en) 2000-01-25
DE69702912T2 (de) 2001-04-05
HK1016705A1 (en) 1999-11-05
WO1998001795A1 (fr) 1998-01-15
AU3252397A (en) 1998-02-02
DE69702912D1 (de) 2000-09-28
JP2000514186A (ja) 2000-10-24

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