EP0905840A1 - Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke - Google Patents
Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0905840A1 EP0905840A1 EP98112342A EP98112342A EP0905840A1 EP 0905840 A1 EP0905840 A1 EP 0905840A1 EP 98112342 A EP98112342 A EP 98112342A EP 98112342 A EP98112342 A EP 98112342A EP 0905840 A1 EP0905840 A1 EP 0905840A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spark gap
- lightning current
- spark
- current according
- partial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
- H01T4/16—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a plurality of gaps arranged in series
Definitions
- the invention relates to a lightning current carrying Spark gap with several series connected Spark gaps.
- a line follow current flows at line frequency and one Height from a few kA to a few 10 kA, depending on the Distance of the building from the next Transformer station and the feed-in power.
- the upstream fuse becomes the three-pole Disconnect the short circuit from the mains, causing the Power supply fails. It can only be replaced the main network fuse by the Energy supply company back in operation be taken.
- spark gaps To avoid damage due to lightning strikes in spark gaps are known in a building. Such Spark gaps become transient Equipotential bonding used, the subsequent line follow current is deleted. All previous solutions are based on the fact that Spark gap ignited during a lightning surge the lightning current between earth and conductor to Ensuring a low voltage drop along of the arc is derived or guided, the Mains sequence current is conducted and deleted and a The spark gap is reconsolidated.
- the spark gap capable of carrying lightning current according to the invention is based on the basic idea of arc quenching Multiple interruption of the arc with the help of a Multiple spark gap.
- the voltage drop on the anodes and cathodes of the partial spark gaps Multiple spark gap for arc quenching and This prevents the follow-up current exploited.
- the extinguishing effect can be done in the usual way can be increased in that the spark gap in one sealed housing is installed.
- the Quenching can also be done by blowing the arc be increased with cold gas.
- the arc is divided into multiple arcs.
- the proposed multiple spark gap uses the effect of dividing the arc into several partial spark gaps, so that the anode and cathode drop (voltage drop, in particular at the arc base points on the anode and cathode) of the individual spark gaps is added.
- n is the number of spark gaps of the multiple spark gap and U AK is the anode or cathode case of a partial spark gap of the multiple spark gap.
- the formation of the first spark gap is decisive for the responsiveness.
- On the chain of Spark gaps become the tension of each Partial arcs added up so high in total that they is higher than the mains voltage, so that actually none Mains sequence current arises.
- the multi-spark gap can also be used with a Sliding discharge arrangement for reducing the Ignition delay time of the partial spark gaps in combination with the corresponding resistor circuit be equipped.
- the sliding discharge arrangement exists from a arranged along the spark gaps Layer of an insulating material, in which a metallic Film or the like is let in on Earth potential is.
- the electrodes of spark gaps from metals such as copper, tungsten copper or the like Metals after exposure to high Lightning currents on the surface Meltings show that there is metallic vapor on the surface of adjacent insulation arrangements precipitates. These effects reduce the Lifespan of such a spark gap.
- an electrode made of graphite suggested.
- the partial spark gaps of the Multiple spark gaps are therefore preferably made Made of graphite. Because of the low metal burn-up when exposed to lightning currents up to 200 kA graphite is particularly suitable for this application. Even after repeated exposure to lightning impulse currents remains the surface of the electrodes of the Multiple spark gap clean and keeps its shape. This ensures that the response voltage of the Spark gap remains within the permissible spread.
- the spark gap is preferably made of cylindrical or cube-shaped electrodes built up by an insulating film or washer heat-resistant material, in particular PTFE or Ceramics, insulated from each other.
- By appropriate designs of the Parallel plate spark gap, for example with large area electrodes, will be a big one created field-filled volume, from which Voltage stress on the starting electrodes to be provided. By the enlarged field-filled volume becomes the response voltage and their scatter significantly reduced.
- a spark gap is shown in FIG a head of the power supply network and at II an earth is connected.
- the Partial spark gaps FS2 to FSN with the exception of those in Lightning current event first appealing Spark gap FS1 through a graded network of ohmic resistors connected, so that Partial spark gaps FS2 to FSN successively switch through.
- the network of resistors shows in Switching direction decreasing resistance values. So
- the resistance R2 can be 10 kilohms Resistor R3 1 kilohm, resistance R4 100 ohms, the Resistor R5 10 ohms and resistance Rn X ohms exhibit.
- the resistors can preferably decrease logarithmically.
- a resistor R2 to Rn connected in parallel and the resistances of all Partial spark gaps R2 to Rn are in series on earth (II) switched.
- spark gap electrodes 2 made of graphite are provided, that by insulating washers made of PTFE from each other are spaced.
- At 4 is a connection of one Control resistor shown.
- With 5 is a housing shown, which surrounds the entire unit.
- At 6 is the power connection shown.
- the control resistors 10 are also in one protected space inside the insulating housing arranged. With 11 is another insulating material plate shown. With 1 contact springs are shown, by means of which is the contacting link to the Spark gaps take place.
- the electrodes 2 of the Spark gaps are preferably cylindrical or cuboid, sharp-edged elements. In the Embodiment according to Figure 3 is the entire Spark gap from two arranged parallel to each other Blocks of the same number of partial spark gaps.
- the Sliding discharge ignition aid consists of a longitudinal arranged parallel to the spark gaps FS1 to FSN Layer 12 of insulating material, for example PTFE, in which is a metallic conductor 13, in particular one metallic foil, is embedded. This slide is at 14 connected to earth potential.
- This slide is at 15 there is one Sliding discharge shown as the first pre-discharge ignites before the main discharge 16 as a result of first sliding discharge ignites.
- the spark gaps FS2 to FSN are included Control resistors R2 to Rn connected.
- the distance between the first spark gaps is FS1 decisive for the response behavior of the Total spark gap.
- FSN farnesoid voltage
- the invention is not based on the embodiment limited, but often within the scope of the disclosure variable.
Landscapes
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Insulators (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
- Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Figur 1
- die Prinzipdarstellung der Widerstandsbeschaltung einer Mehrfachfunkenstrecke;
- Figur 2
- den geometrischen Aufbau einer Mehrfachfunkenfunkenstrecke mit einer Gleitentladung;
- Figur 3
- eine Blitzstromfunkenstrecke mit achtstufiger Mehrfachfunkenstrecke mit ohmscher
Claims (16)
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke mit mehreren in Reihe geschalteter Funkenstrecken, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Funkenstrecke aus n-Teilfunkenstrecken (FS) besteht, deren Lichtbogenbrennspannung durch Reihenschaltung der Teilfunkenstrecken (FS) auf den n-fachen Wert der Lichtbogenbrennspannung einer Teilfunkenstrecke gebracht ist.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lichtbogenbrennspannung der Teilfunkenstrecken (FS) in der Summe höher ist als die Netzspannung des geschützten Netzes.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Teilfunkenstrecken (FS) mit Ausnahme der im Blitzstromereignisfall ersten ansprechenden Funkenstrecke (FS1) durch ein abgestuftes Netz von ohmschen Widerständen beziehungsweise linearen oder nichtlinearen Impedanzen beschaltet sind, so daß die Teilfunkenstrecken (FS) sukzessive durchschalten.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Netz von Widerständen in Durchschaltrichtung abnehmende Widerstände aufweist.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Widerstände nicht linear abnehmen.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Widerstände (5) dekadisch abnehmen.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Widerstände (R) logarithmisch abnehmen.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zu der Kathode und Anode jeder Teilfunkenstrecke (FS) mit Ausnahme der Eingangs-Funkenstrecke (FS1)ein Widerstand parallel geschaltet ist und die Widerstände ( 5) aller Teilfunkenstrecken in Reihe und an Erde geschaltet sind.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die Elektroden der Teilfunkenstrecken (FS) aus Graphit bestehen.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektroden der Teilfunkenstrecken (FS) aus zylindrischen oder quaderförmigen Elementen bestehen.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen den Elektroden (FS) Isolierfolien oder Isolierscheiben (3), insbesondere aus hitzebeständigem Material, vorzugsweise aus PTFE (Polytetrafluoräthylen) oder auch aus Keramik, angeordnet sind.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Funkenstrecke (FS) aus mehreren parallel zueinander angeordneten Blöcken, vorzugsweise gleicher Zahl, von Teilfunkenstrecken (FS) besteht.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Teilfunkenstrecken (FS) mit einer Gleitentladungszündhilfe kombiniert sind.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gleitentladungszündhilfe aus einer längs parallel zu den Funkenstrecken (FS) angeordneten Schicht aus Isolierstoff (12) besteht, in die ein metallischer Leiter (13), insbesondere eine metallische Folie, eingebettet ist, der bzw. die auf Erdpotential gelegt ist.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Funkenstrecken (FS) in einem mit Schwefelhexafluorid gefüllten Gehäuse oder in damit gefüllten Kammern angeordnet sind.
- Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Funkenstrecken (FS) in einem mit Isolierstoff, insbesondere Epoxidharz, vergossenen Gehäuse angeordnet sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19742302 | 1997-09-25 | ||
DE19742302A DE19742302A1 (de) | 1997-09-25 | 1997-09-25 | Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0905840A1 true EP0905840A1 (de) | 1999-03-31 |
EP0905840B1 EP0905840B1 (de) | 2003-07-02 |
Family
ID=7843577
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98112342A Expired - Lifetime EP0905840B1 (de) | 1997-09-25 | 1998-07-03 | Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0905840B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE244463T1 (de) |
DE (3) | DE19742302A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2197395T3 (de) |
PT (1) | PT905840E (de) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1075064A1 (de) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-02-07 | Leutron GmbH | Blitz- und Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung |
GB2376139A (en) * | 2001-03-24 | 2002-12-04 | Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg | Arcing Section capable of carrying lightning current |
CN100379107C (zh) * | 2002-04-11 | 2008-04-02 | 奥宝贝特曼股份有限两合公司 | 火花隙 |
CN103181041A (zh) * | 2010-10-22 | 2013-06-26 | 德恩及索恩两合股份有限公司 | 具有多个串联连接的处于层叠式装置中的单火花隙的火花隙 |
EP2615703A3 (de) * | 2012-01-11 | 2015-04-15 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co Kg | Funkenstrecke mit mehreren in Reihe geschalteten, in Stapelanordnung befindlichen Einzelfunkenstrecken |
EP2882050A3 (de) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-17 | OBO Bettermann GmbH & Co. KG | Mehrfachfunkenstrecke für den Blitzschutz |
EP3226365A1 (de) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-04 | RIPD Research and IP Development Ltd. | Gasentladungsröhren |
CN107925220A (zh) * | 2015-08-31 | 2018-04-17 | 埃普科斯股份有限公司 | 多重火花隙放电体 |
CN108054744A (zh) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-05-18 | 四川中光防雷科技股份有限公司 | 一种多极多层间隙型电涌保护器 |
EP3557707A1 (de) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-23 | Phoenix Contact Asia-Pacific (Nanjing) Co., Ltd | Struktur zur befestigung von graphitfolien und isolierspalten |
EP3654464A1 (de) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-20 | RIPD IP Development Ltd | Gasentladungsröhrenanordnungen |
CN117543342A (zh) * | 2024-01-10 | 2024-02-09 | 福建万嘉宝线缆有限公司 | 一种自保护火花间隙的高压电网避雷器 |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10060426B4 (de) * | 2000-11-24 | 2004-04-15 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Gekapselter Überspannungsableiter mit mindestens einer Funkenstrecke |
AU2001287666A1 (en) * | 2000-11-24 | 2002-06-03 | Dehn + Sohne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Encapsulated surge voltage protector with at least one spark gap |
DE50210082D1 (de) | 2001-09-02 | 2007-06-14 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co | Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung |
DE10146728B4 (de) * | 2001-09-02 | 2007-01-04 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung |
DE10212697A1 (de) * | 2001-12-17 | 2003-07-10 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co | Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung |
DE10230827A1 (de) | 2002-07-09 | 2004-02-05 | Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke |
DE102004006988B4 (de) | 2003-11-28 | 2014-02-06 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung auf Funkenstreckenbasis, umfassend mindestens zwei in einem druckdichten Gehäuse befindliche Hauptelektroden |
CN101471542B (zh) * | 2004-06-21 | 2011-11-16 | 西安交通大学 | 用于过电压保护系统的多间隙组合防护器件 |
CN100530868C (zh) * | 2007-04-29 | 2009-08-19 | 四川中光防雷科技有限责任公司 | 高效层叠式石墨放电隙装置 |
DE102008038486A1 (de) | 2008-08-20 | 2010-02-25 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung |
PT2287984E (pt) | 2009-07-20 | 2011-10-04 | Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg | Limitador de tensão |
DE102010016985A1 (de) | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-24 | Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Überspannungsableiter |
DE102010021155B4 (de) | 2010-05-21 | 2016-01-28 | Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Überspannungsableiter |
DE102022110330A1 (de) | 2022-04-28 | 2023-11-02 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Mehrfachfunkenstrecke |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1539445A (fr) * | 1966-10-07 | 1968-09-13 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Montage de parafoudres, en particulier pour les éléments à semi-conducteurs |
FR2258022A1 (de) * | 1974-01-16 | 1975-08-08 | Gen Electric | |
WO1982000926A1 (en) * | 1980-08-28 | 1982-03-18 | Doone R | Improvements in surge arresters |
DE4240138A1 (de) * | 1992-11-28 | 1994-06-01 | Dehn & Soehne | Blitzstromtragfähige Anordnung mit zumindest zwei in Reihe geschalteten Funkenstrecken |
-
1997
- 1997-09-25 DE DE19742302A patent/DE19742302A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-12-11 DE DE19755082A patent/DE19755082A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-07-03 EP EP98112342A patent/EP0905840B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-03 ES ES98112342T patent/ES2197395T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-03 AT AT98112342T patent/ATE244463T1/de active
- 1998-07-03 DE DE59808881T patent/DE59808881D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-03 PT PT98112342T patent/PT905840E/pt unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1539445A (fr) * | 1966-10-07 | 1968-09-13 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Montage de parafoudres, en particulier pour les éléments à semi-conducteurs |
FR2258022A1 (de) * | 1974-01-16 | 1975-08-08 | Gen Electric | |
WO1982000926A1 (en) * | 1980-08-28 | 1982-03-18 | Doone R | Improvements in surge arresters |
DE4240138A1 (de) * | 1992-11-28 | 1994-06-01 | Dehn & Soehne | Blitzstromtragfähige Anordnung mit zumindest zwei in Reihe geschalteten Funkenstrecken |
Cited By (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1075064A1 (de) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-02-07 | Leutron GmbH | Blitz- und Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung |
GB2376139A (en) * | 2001-03-24 | 2002-12-04 | Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg | Arcing Section capable of carrying lightning current |
ES2192149A1 (es) * | 2001-03-24 | 2003-09-16 | Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg | Explosor capaz de soportar la corriente de un rayo. |
GB2376139B (en) * | 2001-03-24 | 2005-05-11 | Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg | Arcing section capable of carrying lightning current |
CN100379107C (zh) * | 2002-04-11 | 2008-04-02 | 奥宝贝特曼股份有限两合公司 | 火花隙 |
CN103181041A (zh) * | 2010-10-22 | 2013-06-26 | 德恩及索恩两合股份有限公司 | 具有多个串联连接的处于层叠式装置中的单火花隙的火花隙 |
CN103181041B (zh) * | 2010-10-22 | 2014-10-08 | 德恩及索恩两合股份有限公司 | 具有多个串联连接的处于层叠式装置中的单火花隙的火花隙 |
US8890393B2 (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2014-11-18 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Spark gap having a plurality of series-connected individual spark gaps, which are located in a stack arrangement |
EP2615703A3 (de) * | 2012-01-11 | 2015-04-15 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co Kg | Funkenstrecke mit mehreren in Reihe geschalteten, in Stapelanordnung befindlichen Einzelfunkenstrecken |
EP2882050A3 (de) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-17 | OBO Bettermann GmbH & Co. KG | Mehrfachfunkenstrecke für den Blitzschutz |
CN107925220A (zh) * | 2015-08-31 | 2018-04-17 | 埃普科斯股份有限公司 | 多重火花隙放电体 |
US10749316B2 (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2020-08-18 | Epcos Ag | Multiple spark-gap arrester |
US10186842B2 (en) | 2016-04-01 | 2019-01-22 | Ripd Ip Development Ltd | Gas discharge tubes and methods and electrical systems including same |
EP3751685A1 (de) * | 2016-04-01 | 2020-12-16 | RIPD IP Development Ltd | Gasentladungsrohre |
CN107275927A (zh) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-20 | Ripd研究与知识产权发展有限公司 | 气体放电管和方法以及包括该气体放电管的电气系统 |
CN107275927B (zh) * | 2016-04-01 | 2021-04-27 | Ripd知识产权发展有限公司 | 气体放电管和方法以及包括该气体放电管的电气系统 |
EP3226365A1 (de) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-04 | RIPD Research and IP Development Ltd. | Gasentladungsröhren |
CN108054744B (zh) * | 2018-01-30 | 2024-05-14 | 四川中光防雷科技股份有限公司 | 一种多极多层间隙型电涌保护器 |
CN108054744A (zh) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-05-18 | 四川中光防雷科技股份有限公司 | 一种多极多层间隙型电涌保护器 |
EP3557707A1 (de) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-23 | Phoenix Contact Asia-Pacific (Nanjing) Co., Ltd | Struktur zur befestigung von graphitfolien und isolierspalten |
CN111193189A (zh) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-22 | Ripd知识产权发展有限公司 | 气体放电管组件 |
US10685805B2 (en) | 2018-11-15 | 2020-06-16 | Ripd Ip Development Ltd | Gas discharge tube assemblies |
CN111193189B (zh) * | 2018-11-15 | 2022-07-12 | Ripd知识产权发展有限公司 | 气体放电管组件 |
CN115102039A (zh) * | 2018-11-15 | 2022-09-23 | Ripd知识产权发展有限公司 | 气体放电管组件 |
EP4160834A1 (de) * | 2018-11-15 | 2023-04-05 | RIPD IP Development Ltd | Gasentladungsröhrenanordnungen |
CN115102039B (zh) * | 2018-11-15 | 2023-10-10 | Ripd知识产权发展有限公司 | 气体放电管组件 |
EP3654464A1 (de) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-20 | RIPD IP Development Ltd | Gasentladungsröhrenanordnungen |
CN117543342A (zh) * | 2024-01-10 | 2024-02-09 | 福建万嘉宝线缆有限公司 | 一种自保护火花间隙的高压电网避雷器 |
CN117543342B (zh) * | 2024-01-10 | 2024-05-24 | 福建万嘉宝线缆有限公司 | 一种自保护火花间隙的高压电网避雷器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PT905840E (pt) | 2003-10-31 |
DE59808881D1 (de) | 2003-08-07 |
ATE244463T1 (de) | 2003-07-15 |
DE19755082A1 (de) | 1999-06-17 |
EP0905840B1 (de) | 2003-07-02 |
ES2197395T3 (es) | 2004-01-01 |
DE19742302A1 (de) | 1999-04-08 |
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