EP0904521A1 - Shooting practice system, gun equipment, corresponding target and method - Google Patents
Shooting practice system, gun equipment, corresponding target and methodInfo
- Publication number
- EP0904521A1 EP0904521A1 EP97926046A EP97926046A EP0904521A1 EP 0904521 A1 EP0904521 A1 EP 0904521A1 EP 97926046 A EP97926046 A EP 97926046A EP 97926046 A EP97926046 A EP 97926046A EP 0904521 A1 EP0904521 A1 EP 0904521A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- target
- rifle
- processing unit
- light beam
- shot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A33/00—Adaptations for training; Gun simulators
- F41A33/02—Light- or radiation-emitting guns ; Light- or radiation-sensitive guns; Cartridges carrying light emitting sources, e.g. laser
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
- F41G3/26—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying
- F41G3/2616—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device
- F41G3/2622—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device for simulating the firing of a gun or the trajectory of a projectile
- F41G3/2683—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device for simulating the firing of a gun or the trajectory of a projectile with reflection of the beam on the target back to the weapon
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41J—TARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
- F41J5/00—Target indicating systems; Target-hit or score detecting systems
- F41J5/02—Photo-electric hit-detector systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41J—TARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
- F41J9/00—Moving targets, i.e. moving when fired at
- F41J9/16—Clay-pigeon targets; Clay-disc targets
Definitions
- Rifle training system rifle equipment, target and method thereof.
- the field of the invention is that of the use of shooting weapons. More specifically, the invention relates to learning and training in the use of a weapon, and in particular a hunting rifle.
- clay pigeon shooting (or the hunting course or the pit) must have two rifles: a sturdy rifle for clay pigeon shooting and a lighter rifle suitable for shooting hunted game.
- a sturdy rifle for clay pigeon shooting and a lighter rifle suitable for shooting hunted game.
- the fixed costs of clay pigeon shooting, and the cost of cartridges and clay pigeons, or trays, which are in principle broken during shooting should be taken into account.
- clay pigeon shooting generates nuisances vis-à-vis those around them, particularly with regard to noise and dangers.
- the installation of a clay pigeon shooting therefore requires administrative permits, and the number of clubs and clay pigeon shooting is therefore limited. Note, however, that the demand is very high. Thus, in certain countries like Italy, there are more license-holders in clay pigeon shooting than in soccer ball.
- clay pigeon shooting is only slightly useful for hunting, since it is not practiced with the same type of rifle. Each rifle has specific characteristics, which the hunter must get used to.
- patent application WO-91 12480 presents a system for simulating bullet shooting. It mainly concerns the case of fixed targets. The case of moving targets is discussed, but assumes the existence of telemetry means (which implies an impact on the target) and does not make it possible to analyze the shot in the event that the target was missed.
- Document UK-2 138 112 presents yet another firing simulation system. It is not very precise, due to the use of a photodiode with fixed thresholding. Furthermore, it only provides for "all or nothing” detection of the impact. Patent application FR-2 614 097 describes yet another system of this type. It is only suitable for close-range shots, with "all or nothing” results.
- the document FR-2,560,370 relates to a system for simulating shooting at a fixed target, the result of which is also given by "all or nothing". We note that a lot of research has been done in this file.
- an objective of the invention is to provide a system making it possible to learn to shoot, then to improve its shooting technique.
- Another object of the invention is to provide such a system, which allows the hunter to practice clay pigeon shooting, or any other entertainment, with his own hunting rifle.
- the invention also aims to provide such a system, which is inexpensive to implement and operate, in particular compared to conventional ball traps.
- Yet another objective of the invention is to provide such a system, which does not present any nuisance (noise, danger, etc.) and which can be used freely, practically everywhere (and not only in ball traps) .
- a shooting learning system of the type comprising at least one target and at least one rifle equipped with means for emitting a light beam along the firing axis, and a processing unit delivering an analysis of each of the shots, depending in particular on: the signal reflected by said target and received by a sensor equipping said rifle; and a permanent estimate of the trajectory of each of said targets.
- the shooter obtains, for each shot, a quantification of his shot (precision, "timing", 7), and not a simple indication of success or failure of the shot. He can therefore detect and understand his faults, and therefore improve the quality of his shot.
- the present invention resides in particular in the formulation of the problem of obtaining a quantification of the shot. This problem is entirely new to those skilled in the art, who have always simply sought to indicate whether the shot was good or bad.
- the approach of the invention on the other hand makes it possible to know the characteristics of this shot.
- the processing unit can be placed in a remote station (connected to rifles for example by radio), or in rifles, or even distributed between the different elements.
- said processing unit comprises means for determining the trajectory of each of said targets, as a function of measurements delivered by said launcher (initial conditions of launch).
- said means for determining the trajectory take account of a measurement of the direction and / or of the wind speed.
- the equipment of the rifle is removable, in a simple and direct manner, and it can be put in place in a conventional rifle.
- the hunter can use his own hunting rifle. He does not need to buy a specific rifle, and learning directly benefits him for hunting.
- said analysis also takes account of an estimate of the distance between a shooter and a target.
- said analysis comprises at least one of the information belonging to the group comprising an indication on the centering of the shot with respect to the target, an indication of the distance between the shooter and the target and an indication on how the shot was made relative to the target position.
- the system comprises means for simulating the dispersion and / or the speed of pellets in space.
- said means for simulating the dispersion comprise means ensuring the divergence of said light beam at the output of said rifle. It can in particular be a holographic diffuser.
- said speed simulation means include means for applying a delay in remission of said light beam.
- the invention also relates to the rifle equipment in such a shooting training system.
- This equipment comprises means for transmitting along the firing axis of an incident light beam, a sensor for receiving a light signal reflected by said target and means for transmitting said reflected light signal to said processing unit, and means for bidirectional data exchange with a station at distant ground.
- this equipment can easily be installed on any type of conventional rifle.
- the system of the invention does not require the use of specific rifles.
- this allows the shooter to train with his own hunting rifle.
- such equipment comprises at least two guns and means for triggering said light beam comprising detection means sensitive to the use of the trigger associated with any one of said guns.
- said detection means comprise a piezoelectric sensor. This makes it possible to detect the use of one or the other of the triggers, without the need for direct mechanical contacts.
- said reception sensor comprises a plane position detector, detecting the center of gravity of the illumination received.
- said reception sensor cooperates with means for taking into account the ambient lighting.
- Such equipment can therefore in particular comprise: in a first assembly having the format of a cartridge: a percussion damper; an accelerometer for detecting said percussion; a contactor establishing the electrical supply when said rifle closes; and in a second assembly placed at the end of said rifle: optical means for emitting a light signal emitted; optical means for receiving a received light signal. It can also include means for simulating the weight of the lead and / or powder charge of said cartridge, among several possible weights, and / or the effect of "choke", "half-choke” or gun smooth.
- the invention also relates to an advantageous target for a shooting training system according to the invention, having a profile chosen so as to optimize the efficiency between the quantity of light received and the quantity of reflected light.
- a target has a reflective coating with a very low retro-reflection angle (between 0 and 15 °), at least over a portion of said target capable of receiving said light ray.
- said target comprises means for simulating the effect of an impact carrying out at least one of the operations belonging to the group comprising: the fall of said target, by imbalance of the latter; the emission of an audible signal; 1 emission of a light signal. It is thus possible for the shooter to directly and explicitly note the success of his shot.
- the target may in particular comprise means for receiving an order to simulate the effect of an impact, and means for moving a point mass inside said target.
- the invention also relates to a method of learning to shoot, of the type using at least one target and at least one rifle equipped with means for emitting a light beam along the shooting axis, method delivering an analysis of each shot, depending in particular on: the signal reflected by said target and received by a sensor fitted to said rifle, and the trajectory of each of said targets.
- such a method comprises, for each launch, at least some of the following steps: launching of a target; - acquisition of measurements making it possible to determine the trajectory of said target; detection of a shot made using one of said rifles; first determination of the ambient light received by said sensor; emission of said light beam, in the form of a series of lightnings; - reception of the corresponding reflected light, by said sensor; second determining the ambient light received by said sensor; transmission of the corresponding data to a processing unit, or local processing in said rifle; bidirectional data exchange between a processing unit and said rifles; calculating the position of said target at the time of firing; determination of at least one of the pieces of information belonging to the group comprising an indication of the distance between the shooter and the target, an indication on the centering of the shot with respect to the target and an indication on the synchronization of the shot with respect to the position of target ; simulation of the effect of the impact on said target; presentation of said analysis.
- FIG. 1 illustrates schematically the system of the invention, formed by a launcher, a target, an equipped rifle and a processing unit; - Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the launcher of Figure 1; Figure 3 shows an advantageous shape for the target of Figure 1; FIG. 4 illustrates a first embodiment of the equipment of the rifle of FIG. 1; FIG. 5 shows the structure of the optics of the emitter of the rifle of FIG. 4; FIG. 6 describes the structure of the optics for receiving the rifle of FIG.
- FIG. 4 Figure 7 specifies the optical characteristics of the receiver of Figure 6;
- Figure 8 is a block diagram of the electronic elements of the gun of Figure 4;
- Figure 9 is an electrical diagram of an embodiment of the accelerometer included in the cartridge of the gun of Figure 4;
- FIG. 10 illustrates the operation of the detector of the reception optics of FIG. 6;
- - Figure 11 shows the timing diagram of a firing sequence, managed by the sequencer of Figure 8;
- FIG. 12 describes the architecture of the means implemented on the ground, in the system of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 13 is an example of the trajectory of a target, illustrating the calculations carried out by the processing unit of FIG. 12;
- FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of a rifle according to the invention;
- Figure 15 is a simplified block diagram of the means used in the gun of Figure 14;
- FIG. 16 presents a global block diagram of a second embodiment of an item of equipment according to the invention
- FIG. 17 represents a target equipped with means of imbalance
- Figure 18 is a block diagram of the on-board electronics of the target of Figure 17
- - Figure 19 shows an example of display of the result of an analysis of a shot according to the invention.
- the shooting learning system according to the invention allows the shooter to train with his own rifle, and to obtain a quantification of each of his shots, which allows him to progress. Such a system is illustrated, overall, in FIG. 1.
- the processing unit 14 is for example a PC-compatible microcomputer (registered trademark). It ensures in particular the tracking of the ballistics of the targets 13, as a function of measurements of characteristics of the launch delivered (15) by the launcher 12, and possibly of external parameters (such as the characteristics of the wind), the processing of the information 16 transmitted by radio channel by each rifle 11, carrying out the various calculations in real time, and the restitution of the results, for example on a screen.
- the rifle 11 comprises means for emitting an incident light beam 17, coming from a laser diode, and means for receiving the reflected light beam 18 (when the target 13 is reached ).
- the general chronology of events is as follows: positioning of the launcher 12; triggering of the launcher 12, causing the departure of the pigeon 13 and the acquisition of the ballistic parameters of this pigeon by the processing unit 14; - Mounted on the shoulder of the rifle 1 1 by the shooter, and aiming at the pigeon 13; excitation of the trigger of the rifle 1 1, causing the release of the striker, which strikes the "cartridge” equipping the rifle; emission of a frame of laser pulses 17 towards the target 13; reception of the reflected signal 18 by the detector equipping the rifle (in one of the barrels, or under the rifle); transmission to the ground of the measurements 16, by HF link, to the processing unit 14; calculating the position of the target 13 relative to the axis of fire, and determining the direction of the speed of the target from ballistics; display
- the angle a is between 0 and 15 °, and the angle b can vary between -45 and + 45 °.
- the sensors used can be rotary potentiometric sensors (for example Spectrol (registered trademark) sensors with a value of 5 k ⁇ . These sensors are connected by cables to the processing unit.
- Dl illustrates the vertical axis
- D2 is the position reference in the horizontal plane
- y'y is the projection of x'x in the horizontal plane.
- the pigeon illustrated in Figure 3 has a shape similar to known clay pigeons. However, to improve the performance characterized by the ratio between the illumination received and the retro-reflected energy, the pigeon was profiled as follows: diameter 110 mm, thickness 20 mm, clearance angle: 7.5 degrees (this angle was chosen as an average value between 0 and 15 degrees, beam entry angle).
- the material used is unbreakable (aluminum or plastic) and coated with a layer of retro-reflecting coating, on its edge for "ball-trap" type applications or on the underside for "rabbit” type applications. This coating is for example 3M brand type 2000X (registered trademarks). It is composed of high performance micro prisms for large entry angles.
- the angle of the retro-reflected ray is very small, which allows the same type of equipment to be used for several rifles, if the shooters are separated from each other by more than 2 m.
- the rifle of the invention is an ordinary rifle, which allows the hunter to use his own hunting rifle. It includes removable equipment, which can adapt to most rifles, and which can be divided into three parts: the transmitter, the receiver and the transmitter.
- the installation of the equipment comprises the following steps: installation of an electronic cartridge 41, comprising a laser diode, in the space provided for the cartridges; installation, at the end of the corresponding barrel, of a transmission module 42, connected by an optical cable 43 to the electronic cartridge, and comprising a divergence optic; - - installation of the detection module 44 and the HF connection module 45, in the second gun, or under the guns; possibly, installation of a white cartridge 46 in the second barrel; possibly, installation of a counterweight 47, intended to maintain the balance of the rifle, slightly modified by the elements placed at the end of the barrels.
- the optics of the transmitter are illustrated in FIG. 5. It comprises: a light source 51, of the laser diode type (for example a C86104E diode, of the EG & G brand (registered trademarks), with a power of 1.5 W emitting in the infrared at 860 nm, powered by a power supply 52, a lens 53 with a gradient of index "Selfoc", of diameter 1.8 mm whose role is to collect the flux emitted by the laser diode and inject it into the optical fiber; an optical fiber 54 of 140 microns in diameter of the core whose role is to make the laser beam circular and to guide it to the exit of the barrel; a lens 55 of diameter 10 mm causing the beam to diverge, and ensuring a diameter of 1 m to 20 m in distance, thus obtaining a simulation of the dispersion of the pellets in space, in the case of a live fire.
- a light source 51 of the laser diode type (for example a C86104E dio
- the receiver makes it possible to recover the signal reflected by the target, when the latter has been hit by the transmitted signal.
- it comprises a plane position detector (PSD) 61, for example a silicon sensor, of type 5590 of the Hamamatsu brand (registered trademarks).
- An interference filter 62 centered on 860 nm filters the length. of the laser beam.
- the illumination transmitted by a converging lens 63 passes through the spatial filter constituted by a diaphragm 64 and the image is then made on the PSD 61.
- the latter in fact detects the center of gravity of the illumination. Therefore, the detection is practically insensitive to optical aberrations.
- the diameter of the input optic is 20 mm, but it can be reduced by a factor of 2.
- the detector is subjected to several “parasites” (sun, ambient radiation, ...), and to the light coming from the laser diode, and reflected by the target. To ensure good measurement dynamics, the effect of each of these sources should be studied. Regarding the effect of the atmosphere, we assume an ambient lighting of
- the diameter of the optic 71 is 20 mm, and its focal length 15 mm. A 5.6 ° angle of view is obtained.
- 1 m in the plane of the target therefore corresponds to 0.75 mm in the plane of the detector.
- the receiver has the following characteristics: sensitivity of the sensor: 0.5 A / W bandwidth of the detector: 0.2 ⁇ solid viewing angle: 5 bn Hence a power falling on the detector of 25 ⁇ W. If we consider that this power is distributed equally along all the wavelengths ranging from 0.3 to 1.3 ⁇ , the current delivered by the detector will be equal to 5 ⁇ A. in fact this is very pessimistic since the emissivity of the foliage around 0.9 ⁇ is very low (close to 0.2).
- the useful signal is characterized by: - Dimension of the pigeon: 20 mm x 100 mm; Coefficient of retro-reflection: 0.3; Re-emission angle: ⁇ 1 degree; Viewing angle: 0; Power of the laser diode: 1.5W; - Efficiency of the emission optics: 0.7;
- the illumination received by the detector varies in D- 4 .
- the power received by the detector is 130nW. It can generate a current in the detector equal to
- Figure 8 is a block diagram of the main electronic means of the invention.
- a micro-contact allows the supply of the various circuits.
- a voltage converter takes charge of a 0.5 mF capacitor.
- firing can take place.
- the action of the striker is detected.
- an accelerometer 81 is advantageously used, which has the double advantage of not requiring mechanical connection with the striker, and of being able to detect the use of one and the other of the two triggers.
- the accelerometer 81 placed in the cartridge, activates a fire detection module 82, which alerts a sequencer 83.
- This sequencer 83 authorizes the supply 84 of the laser diode, for example through a mosfet transistor of the IRFD014 type of International Rectifier (registered trademarks).
- This formatting 86 notably includes a transformation into current, an amplification, an analog / digital conversion (for example using a CAN converter of the Max 186 type (12 bit resolution) from
- a control photodiode 88 delivers information relating to the light power of the laser diode. Finally, the sequencer 83 transmits over the air 87 the signal obtained, to the processing unit.
- the accelerometer 81 can be of the ADXL050JH type from Analog Device (registered trademarks). Advantageously, it can also be produced according to the diagram in FIG. 9. Knowing that the excitation is axial, a piezoelectric blade 91 is mounted radially. It is of PXE5 bimorph type Philips (registered trademarks). The mechanical vibrations are then transformed and shaped through the BFT46 transistors 92 and 93 and processed by the sequencer 83.
- the operating principle of the detector 85 is illustrated in FIG. 10. It is a bidirectional PSD. It includes four electrodes 101 to 104, and a bias voltage 105 is applied to the center of the detector. The image of the target is made on the surface of the PSD causing a variation of the currents II, 12, 13, 14, flowing in load resistors. The values of these currents are a function of the position of the center of gravity of the illumination of coordinates (x, y) received.
- x (Il-I2) / (IIll + II2l)
- y (I3-I4) / (II3I + II4I)
- the coordinates of the center of gravity of the illumination L are x ⁇ , yo-
- the addition of a light spot, due to the retroreflection of the illumination pigeon 1 will modify the previous coordinates if the shooting is not centered.
- the accuracy of the detection is a function of 1 compared to L.
- the detector must operate in a linear area despite the atmosphere while maintaining a dynamic range for 1 ranging from a target at 20m to 60m.
- the result is determined by the processing unit and broadcast by loudspeaker or displayed on a screen.
- a capacity of 0.5 mF is charged through the voltage converter for one to a few seconds so that at the time of the firing a mosfet transistor controlled by the sequencer 83 on its grid ensures the passage of a drain current of 3A, current necessary to obtain a light power of 1.5 W at the output of the diode. Given the characteristic of the transistor, this current remains constant throughout the excitation of the diode.
- the light output power is evacuated by a light fraction captured by a photodiode. The information given by the photodiode is transmitted to the processing unit.
- the sequencer 83 is the control part of the different subsets of the system.
- the various constraints to which it must respond are of four orders: - ⁇ time constraint: indeed, a shot is not reduced simply to a single measurement but to a sequence of several measurements to be carried out at a sampling period of 50 ⁇ s .
- ⁇ space constraint all the components making up this sequencer must imperatively fit in a minimum of space since all the on-board electronics are installed in a cartridge.
- ⁇ consumption constraint the capacity of the accumulators supplying the optoelectronic assembly being necessarily limited, it is necessary to select components with low consumption to allow sufficient autonomy of the system.
- ⁇ cost constraint the system being intended for the general public, the choice of solution must necessarily take into account the cost price of the various elements used.
- a technical solution can be based on the realization of a programmable circuit (FPGA of the Altéra family (registered trademarks)) or of a hidden integrated circuit to benefit from a better bulk (CMS box) and a better price.
- Each rifle has its own HF 87 transmitter with a range of approximately 10 m.
- Heiland brand registered trademark for example, it operates in frequency modulation with a carrier of 433.92 MHz. Its bandwidth is + or - 20 kHz and its weight of 11 g.
- the part of the system at the end of the rifle must have the lowest possible weight so as not to displace the center of gravity of the rifle and not to weigh it down.
- a counterweight can be provided, to keep the center of gravity of the rifle unchanged, whether it is equipped or not.
- the cartridge is designed to adapt to 12 caliber rifles.
- the length of the cartridge is of the order of 80 to 90 mm. It slides into the barrel like an ordinary cartridge.
- a micro-contact ensures the connection between the battery and the various electronic circuits.
- the autonomy of a cartridge, depending on the quality of the battery, can be 1 year.
- the system at the end of the rifle is partly mounted in a barrel and partly under the barrels. It is easily removable.
- the maximum exposure allowed for the eye under the conditions of use described means that the system does not present any danger from a distance of 1.6 m from the end of the barrel. Besides, there is no danger to the skin.
- a barrel can contain a "white” cartridge loaded only with powder. This can, on the first try, create the recoil effect.
- FIG. 12 illustrates the architecture of the means used on the ground.
- the processing of information on the ground, the acquisition of ballistic parameters, the reception of calculation data and the display of results are carried out by a microcomputer.
- the system comprises: an HF 121 receiver, for example of the Heiland brand, operating at
- This signal triggers the ballistic tracking procedure; the processing unit 123, in particular ensuring the calculation and management of the results in real time (reception of the measurements; processing of the measurements: synchronous filtering and demodulation, calculation of the center of gravity of the target image, possible corrections and display ; display management); means 125 for displaying the results.
- the screen can present the results as illustrated in FIG. 12, that is to say distance 1251 of shooting 40 m, impact 1252 limit on transverse pigeon 1253, late shooting.
- the screen can be divided into 4; and optionally an HP 126 type body to simulate the noise of a pellet shot, a flash lamp 127 to simulate impact, etc.
- the following table presents, in a simplified manner, the chronology of a shot for the shooter (column 1 ), the processing unit (column 2) and the launcher (column 3).
- FIG. 13 illustrates an example of determining the trajectory 131 of a pigeon, and of analyzing the shot 132, such as the processing unit can perform it.
- the horizontal plane is defined by (Oy, OT).
- Vo is the initial speed of the pigeon belonging to the plane (01, Oy), perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The effect of the wind is neglected.
- Oz is the vertical axis.
- I is the intersection of the laser beam and the pigeon.
- D is the firing distance sought from the coordinates (y, z) of point I.
- H being the projection of I, IH will be known as well as OH. The knowledge of OH, OT, and a allows us to determine D.
- the treatment provides for a correction of the advance effect of the laser beam relative to the pellets.
- Vp the initial speed of the pellets.
- D the advance A taken by a laser beam will be equal to:
- the beam emission will therefore be delayed by 0.1 s and a correction will be applied as a function of the shooter-launcher-ballistic geometry.
- Figure 14 shows another possible architecture for equipping the rifle. It consists in dissociating the cartridge 141 from the end of the rifle. For this the optics of the cartridge ends with a short length of optical fiber (1 cm). The outgoing beam 142 is collected by a lens which converges this beam on the lens located at the end of the barrel, which realizes the divergence 143 of the beam. Separating the cartridge from the other part leads to modifications on the electronics without changing the general functionality of the system. Part of the sequencer function remains in the cartridge, but another part must be at the end of the barrel. Two sources of energy must be used.
- the equipment therefore includes the electronic cartridge 141, a divergence and detection module 143, a white cartridge 144, a second sequencer 145 and an HF transmission module 146.
- a first battery 151 feeds the cartridge 141, and in particular ensures the supply 152 of the laser diode 153.
- the cartridge comprises a Selfoc lens 154, a portion of optical fiber 155 (to circularize the beam) and a converging lens 156.
- a divergent lens 157 simulates the scattering of the pellets.
- a photodiode 158 will be activated by the parasitic reflections 159 of the lens 157.
- the consequent information will be transmitted to a second sequencer 1510 placed at the end of the barrel. This sequencer will manage the detection 1511, the digitization 1512 of the measurements and the HF transmission. These two functions are identical to the version of the sequencer described above.
- a battery 1514 ensures the supply of the various elements.
- the equipment includes a cartridge 161, equipped with: a percussion damper 161 1, preferably removable and replaceable (a micro-switch establishes the power supply when the rifle is closed and the central element only serves as a shock absorber); a percussion detection accelerometer 1612; means 1613 for shaping, counting strokes; a LED diode 1614 for transmitting light pulses from the percussion to the end of the rifle 162.
- This end 162 comprises for its part: a photodiode 1621 for detecting the signal emitted; means 1622 for shaping the received signal; a processing module 1623 managing the connections between the different elements and carrying out the processing of the measurements, the deduction of the firing parameters and the transmission of the result to the ground.
- This is for example an MSP 430 microprosser from Texas Instrument (registered trademark); an optical transmission part 1624; an optical receiving part 1625; - a bidirectional HF link 1626, for example of the RFM brand
- the emission and divergence module 1624 contains: a laser diode 16241 with a power of approximately 1 W, for example of the Siemens SPL CG94 (registered trademark) type emitting at 950 nm, a collimation lens 16242, - a holographic diffuser 16243, for example of the Physical brand
- the optical reception module 1625 contains: a reception lens; a filter which cuts the parasitic wavelengths (interference filter or high pass); a position detector (unchanged); digitization means 1627.
- the ground station is itself equipped with the following means: a bidirectional HF link of the same type; - electronic discrimination of the emitting rifle; means for processing and managing the results (display, sound, etc.); depending on the application of the correction means to best simulate the characteristics of the cartridges (lead charge, ...) or those of the rifle (choke barrel, smooth, ).
- the firing sequence therefore becomes as follows: taking into account the firing parameters, initialization of the means on board by the rifles via the HF link, waiting, - launching, evaluation of ballistics by means on the ground (or transmission of the parameters to the means loaded in rifles), waiting for a shot, after a possible percussion, calculation of the distance of the pigeon, and deduction of the delay of the laser beam control, this so that the instant of the possible intersection by the light beam is identical to that of lead, synchronous reception of the possible illumination emanating from the pigeon, acquisitions, filtering and calculation of the coordinates of the pigeon relative to the center of the PSD, transmission of the results to ground (rifle code, coordinates, shooting distance, pigeon speed, impact hit number), reception of results on the ground and visual or audible display depending on the application.
- the ground-to-gun station link is bidirectional, which has the effect of making it possible to synchronize the means of calculating the guns, the transmission, to take note of the moment of excitation. of the trigger, to transmit information to the ground and according to the ballistics of the pigeon calculated by the ground to transmit to the rifle the authorization to emit its light beam.
- a second possibility is to carry out dynamic detection thresholding. The cost and size are minimized.
- the LED linked to the ground station as well as the infrared detector will be located near the displays, in front of the guns, hence the absence of additional wiring.
- all the equipment, and in particular the processing means can be placed in the barrel of the rifle (and no longer in the ground station).
- the pigeon (or any other target) is equipped with means making it possible to clearly visualize (or hear) the positive result of the impact.
- the pigeon can emit a sound and / or a light signal. It can also be equipped with means making it possible to instantly control its fall, as illustrated in FIG. 17.
- a one-way HF link is established between the ground station (or a rifle) and the pigeon (remote-controlled).
- the pigeon consists of a distributed mass giving it its shape, retroreflective material and a point mass 171 centered in flight. The pigeon will be unbalanced by causing the displacement of this mass which has translate the center of gravity of the pigeon.
- This mass comprising all the on-board electronics represents half of the mass of the pigeon, ie approximately 50 g.
- the electromagnet 172 releases the trigger (core) 173.
- the spring 174 then propels the mass 171, guided in translation (175) towards the edge of the pigeon, which then drops.
- Figure 18 shows schematically the corresponding on-board electronics.
- the ground station (or a gun if necessary) transmits an HF frame whose carrier frequency depends on the country concerned.
- This HF transmission will be received by the receiver 181 (for example of the Rx 1000 type) and decoded by an integrated circuit 182 (for example of the MC 145027 type from Motorola (registered trademark)).
- the output of an astable circuit 183 is positioned in the high state. This voltage is applied to the trigger of a mosfet technology transistor, for example, and lets current flow through the coil of T electromagnet 184.
- An ILS bulb acts as a switch, opening the power circuit away from the fixed permanent magnet.
- the autonomy of the batteries is very important and the pigeon is “harvested” then “rearmed” before its launch.
- the system is rearmed (176) by manually repelling the charge 171.
- the invention can be implemented in many other forms.
- the advantages of the invention are in particular: quantification of the shooting (obtaining the shooting parameters: distance from the target, position of the target relative to the firing axis, training of the shoulder, - no pollution (lead waste, waste from trays), no noise possible, low or even non-existent danger, reduced operating cost, it can in particular be used for the following applications: - clay pigeon shooting, hunting course and skeet, pit, (rabbit and rapid targets), leisure centers, hunting hotel, - use for learning the hunting license.
- the invention can be used as a single user (by hunters concerned with improving their skills, for example), or with several users targeting the same target.
- FIG. 19 shows a display of the result of a shot according to the invention.
- Various numerical information such as distance 191, number of points 192 and number of the shooter can be entered.
- the target 195 is displayed on a screen 194.
- the center of the screen 196 represents the impact.
- An arrow 197 indicates the direction of movement of the target. The shooter can therefore easily see, although his shot has reached the target, he fired slightly too early.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Telescopes (AREA)
- Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Road Repair (AREA)
- Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
- Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9606779 | 1996-05-28 | ||
FR9606779A FR2749380A1 (en) | 1996-05-28 | 1996-05-28 | SHOOTING LEARNING SYSTEM, RIFLE EQUIPMENT, CORRESPONDING TARGET AND METHOD |
PCT/FR1997/000929 WO1997045692A1 (en) | 1996-05-28 | 1997-05-28 | Shooting practice system, gun equipment, corresponding target and method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0904521A1 true EP0904521A1 (en) | 1999-03-31 |
EP0904521B1 EP0904521B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 |
Family
ID=9492630
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97926046A Expired - Lifetime EP0904521B1 (en) | 1996-05-28 | 1997-05-28 | Shooting practice system, gun equipment, corresponding target and method |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0904521B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE205592T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU3096897A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69706679D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2749380A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997045692A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010038636A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 | 2012-02-02 | Christian-Frank Bebenroth | Shooting process simulation device e.g. riffle, for use in shooting sport, has diopter and sight ring fixedly arranged relative to LCD monitor, so that target object image is observed through diopter and sight ring |
DE102012006351B4 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2019-12-12 | Mbda Deutschland Gmbh | Apparatus for simulating a flying real target |
CA3021546C (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2021-01-26 | Hubbell Incorporated | Lighting fixture |
IT202200017046A1 (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2024-02-09 | Piero Lovato | Gaming system based on visible light projectors and passive retroreflective targets |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3499650A (en) * | 1966-02-10 | 1970-03-10 | Jerome H Lemelson | Light projecting and sensing device and target practice apparatus |
US3898747A (en) * | 1974-06-24 | 1975-08-12 | Us Navy | Laser system for weapon fire simulation |
GB2138112B (en) * | 1983-04-05 | 1987-10-07 | Peter Gilbertson | Equipment for simulated shooting |
NO850503L (en) * | 1984-02-24 | 1985-08-22 | Noptel Ky | PROCEDURE FOR OPTICAL-ELECTRONIC EXERCISE SHOOTING. |
US4695256A (en) * | 1984-12-31 | 1987-09-22 | Precitronic Gesellschaft | Method for practicing aiming with the use of a laser firing simulator and of a retroreflector on the target side, as well as firing simulator for carrying out this method |
FR2614097A1 (en) * | 1987-04-16 | 1988-10-21 | Gregoire Rene | Light-emitting cartridge for shooting practice |
FI84753C (en) * | 1990-02-19 | 1992-01-10 | Noptel Oy | FOERFARANDE FOER SKJUTOEVNING OCH ANALYSERING AV SKYTTEPROCESSEN. |
-
1996
- 1996-05-28 FR FR9606779A patent/FR2749380A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-05-28 WO PCT/FR1997/000929 patent/WO1997045692A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-05-28 DE DE69706679T patent/DE69706679D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-28 EP EP97926046A patent/EP0904521B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-28 AT AT97926046T patent/ATE205592T1/en active
- 1997-05-28 AU AU30968/97A patent/AU3096897A/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9745692A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1997045692A1 (en) | 1997-12-04 |
ATE205592T1 (en) | 2001-09-15 |
FR2749380A1 (en) | 1997-12-05 |
AU3096897A (en) | 1998-01-05 |
EP0904521B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 |
DE69706679D1 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
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