EP0897200A1 - Halbschleifenantenne für hohe Frequenzen - Google Patents

Halbschleifenantenne für hohe Frequenzen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0897200A1
EP0897200A1 EP98401926A EP98401926A EP0897200A1 EP 0897200 A1 EP0897200 A1 EP 0897200A1 EP 98401926 A EP98401926 A EP 98401926A EP 98401926 A EP98401926 A EP 98401926A EP 0897200 A1 EP0897200 A1 EP 0897200A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiating element
antenna
ground plane
point
determined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98401926A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Paul Delaperriere
Michel Francis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0897200A1 publication Critical patent/EP0897200A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/08—Means for collapsing antennas or parts thereof
    • H01Q1/085—Flexible aerials; Whip aerials with a resilient base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H01Q7/005—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop with variable reactance for tuning the antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna device half-loop installed on a vehicle to establish communications in the high frequency band, commonly denoted HF.
  • HF high frequency band
  • the frequencies involved are typically between 1.5 and 24 MHz.
  • the invention allows in particular a moving vehicle to communicate via an HF link with a fixed correspondent or mobile.
  • the HF frequency range is generally used. This frequency range allows, according to power criteria, transmitters, according to the antennas used, according to the distances between stations and their geographic location and according to dates and hours of transmission and solar activity, predict a probability according to the HF frequency used. So the operator chooses the most appropriate HF frequency to establish communication with a determined distance.
  • the choice an antenna suitable for obtaining radiation characteristics in transmission mode and reception mode to optimize a balance of bonding is relatively easy.
  • the type of antenna that can be used is very limited for mechanical reasons of installation and for reasons of the moving vehicle.
  • a "gray area” located indicative, between 50 and 150 km (the distance depends on the power, the relief, ).
  • This “gray area” depends on the directivity of the antennas used, and the type of propagation used. Wave propagation is generally done according to two modes, a mode known as of ground which corresponds to a direct wave and a so-called ionospheric mode which corresponds to a wave reflected by the different ionized layers of the Earth's atmosphere.
  • the directivities of the antennas used are such that between the two modes of propagation, there is an area not covered by waves, this area is called "gray area”.
  • An object of the invention is to simultaneously solve the previous problems at a reasonable cost.
  • the first radiating element typically an antenna wired is fixed by its two ends to the vehicle, which ensures its support and which allows to perfectly control the total height of the vehicle.
  • the two previous features are particularly important because they strongly contribute to vehicle safety by movement. Installation on the vehicle requires no work important given the lightness of the antenna and since its length and its curvature can be adapted according to the length of the vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a mode of installation on a vehicle 1 of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • the device comprises an antenna 2, a first fixing means 3, a second fastening means 4, a tuning box 5, an adapter box 6, a transmitter / receiver device 7 and coupling device 8.
  • Vehicle 1 is of the all-terrain car type, for example.
  • the vehicle 1 comprises a bodywork 9 produced with sheets.
  • the sheets carry out a ground plan of vehicle 1, the quality of which partly depends on the assembly of the sheets together.
  • vehicle 1 can be equipped with a ground plane produced by the addition of a conductive tape (of the ground braid, wire mesh or metal strip (copper strip, for example) installed on the vehicle 1. This addition can also be carried out when the quality of the ground plan produced by the sheets is considered insufficient.
  • the antenna 2 comprises a first radiating element 10.
  • the first radiating element 10 is flexible, light, of determined length and of small section compared to the length.
  • the first radiating element 10 is a wire antenna of the “whip antenna” type produced by a succession of segments. On each segment is made, at one end a thread and at the other end a complementary thread. The segments are interconnectable and interchangeable with each other. next this embodiment it is easy to produce a wire antenna of length determined by assembling more or less segments one after the other other.
  • the first radiating element 10 is a wire antenna of the type "whip antenna" produced by a single segment whose length coincides with the desired length of the wire antenna.
  • the length of the wire antenna is typically between 4 and 6 m for the frequency band considered.
  • the materials used to make the first element radiating 10, metal or metallized fiberglass for example give it flexibility and lightness. Its flexibility properties allow it to bend the first radiating element 10 between two ends. A first end 11 is held close to the ground plane by the first attachment means 3, which provides a first attachment point. A second end 12 is held close to the ground plane by the second attachment means 4, which provides a second attachment point.
  • the length of the first radiating element 10 must be as long as possible while remaining mechanically compatible with security and mobility requirements of the vehicle 1.
  • the first fixing means 3 electrically isolates the first end 11 of the first radiating element 10 of the ground plane and it maintains the first end 11 of the first radiating element 10 at near the ground plane.
  • the first fixing means 3 is mounted on the vehicle 1, for example on the rear.
  • the first fixing means 3 is, by example, an insulating support commonly used to fix antennas of the type "whip antenna" on a vehicle.
  • the second fastening means 4 keeps the second folded down end 12 of the first radiating element 10 near the ground plane to impose on the first radiating element 10 a curved shape above of the ground plan.
  • the second means of fixing 4 electrically isolates from the ground plane the second end 12 of the first radiating element 10.
  • the electrical connections of the device according to this first variant are detailed in the rest of the document in look at Figure 2.
  • the second fastening means 4 consists of an insulating piece bolted to vehicle 1, for example on the front of the roof.
  • the second fastening means 4 consists of a part magnetic covered with an insulating material placed on a metal part of the roof.
  • the second fixing means 4 provides electrical continuity between the second end 12 of the first radiating element 10 and the ground plane of the vehicle 1.
  • the connections the corresponding device are detailed in the following document next to Figure 3.
  • the first element radiating 10 carries out a half-loop above the vehicle 1 whose curvature essentially depends on the length of the first element radiating 10 and the location of the attachment points on the vehicle 1.
  • the tuning box 5 is installed in the vehicle 1, or possibly outside vehicle 1 (if it is installed outside it can even replace the first fixing means 3 and ensure the holding the first end 11 of the first radiating element 10). She allows to tune the first radiating element 10 for a frequency given. Depending on the impedance of the first radiating element 10 the tuning box 5 switches capacitive or inductive elements by means a switching device, for example relays. The agreement can also be realized by variable capacitive and / or inductive elements controlled as a function of the impedance of the first radiating element 10 for a given frequency.
  • the tuning box 5 thus provides a variable Za tuning impedance between a connection point and the plane of vehicle earth 1.
  • the connection point is electrically connected by a flexible or rigid connection at the first end 11 of the first element radiant 10.
  • the adapter box 6 is installed in the vehicle 1. It creates an interface between the first radiating element 10 and the device transmitter / receiver 7. Generally the transmitter / receiver device 7 is suitable for a load of 50 ⁇ . In this case, the adapter box 6 performs impedance matching between device output transmitter / receiver 7 and antenna 2.
  • the transmitter / receiver device 7 is installed in the vehicle 1. It generates a signal to be transmitted and uses the signals received by the antenna 2.
  • the coupling device 8 is installed in the vehicle 1, or possibly on the vehicle 1, near the second fixing means 4.
  • the coupling device 8 consists of a transformer formed of a primary circuit of n p turns and of a secondary circuit of n s turns, which determines its transformation ratio n.
  • the coupling device 8 consists of a magnetic element, for example a torus, through which the first radiating element 10 passes and over which is wound n p turns.
  • the transmitter / receiver device 7 is coupled to the first radiating element 10 by the adapter box 6 in series with the transformer 8.
  • the primary circuit of the transformer 8 is connected in series between the adapter box 6 and the ground plane.
  • the secondary circuit of the transformer 8 is connected in series between a point of attack 13 of the antenna 2 and the ground plane.
  • the point of attack 13 is located at a determined point of the antenna 2 located between the two ends of the first radiating element 10. The determined point is located as close as possible to the second end 12 of the first radiating element 10.
  • a signal transmitted E 1 by the transmitter / receiver device 7 is adapted by the adapter box 6 to generate a drive signal E 2 .
  • the attack signal E 2 is transmitted by the transformer 8 to the attack point 13. According to this arrangement, during a transmission, the radiation is produced by the first radiating element 10.
  • the adapter box 6 is connected to the tuning box 5 by a electrical connection.
  • the adapter box 6 generates a control signal C1 giving frequency information.
  • the tuning box 5 uses this signal C1 control unit to adjust the tuning impedance Za.
  • the setting of the tuning impedance Za is performed so as to tune the first radiating element 10 for the operating frequency of the device transmitter / receiver 7. It is possible to replace the electrical connection between the adapter box 6 and the tuning box 5 by a similar connection between the transmitter / receiver device 7 and the tuning box 5.
  • the half-loop formed by the first radiating element 10 is closed by the tuning impedance Za of the tuning box 5 in series with the ground plane and the circuit secondary of the transformer 8.
  • the electrical connections within a device illustrated in FIG. 1 and equipped with a second fixing means 4 which carries out an earthing of the first radiating element 10, are shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3.
  • the transmitter / receiver device 7 is coupled to the first radiating element by the adapter box 6 in series with the toroid 8.
  • a circuit of n p turns wound on the torus 8 is connected in series between the adapter box 6 and the ground plane.
  • the passage of the first radiating element 10 inside the torus achieves a secondary winding.
  • the point of attack 13 of the antenna symbolically represents the supply of the first radiating element 10 from the attack signal E2 and the half-loop formed by the first radiating element 10 is closed by the tuning impedance Za of the tuning box 5 in series with the ground plane.
  • the torus is installed as close as possible to the second end of the first radiating element 10.
  • the point of attack 13 corresponds to the second end 12 of the radiating element 10.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a mode of installation on a vehicle 1 of a second embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • the device comprises an antenna 2, a first fixing means 3, a second means fixing 4, a tuning box 5, an adapter box 6, a device transmitter / receiver 7 and a coupling device 8.
  • the antenna 2 comprises a first radiating element 10 and a second radiating element 14.
  • the first radiating element 10 is of the type previously described with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the second radiating element 14 consists of an electrical conductor.
  • the electrical conductor is by example a copper wire.
  • the second radiating element 14 is fixed by a end at a third attachment point 15 and at another end at a determined point 16 of the antenna 2.
  • the determined point 16 is located between the two ends of the first radiating element 10.
  • the third point of fixing 15 maintains the second radiating element 14 and isolates it from the plane of mass.
  • the third attachment point 15 is located on an upper part of the vehicle 1, for example on the roof.
  • the second fastening means 4 keeps the second folded down end 12 of the first radiating element 10 near the ground plane to impose on the first radiating element 10 a curved shape above of the ground plan.
  • the second fastening means 4 provides electrical continuity between the second end 12 of the first radiating element 10 and the ground plane of the vehicle 1. Electrical continuity must be of very good quality. This needs to take care of the contact between the ground plane and the second end 12 of the first radiating element 10. This is achieved, according to a first embodiment, on the one hand by stripping the body 9 at second fixing point to expose the sheet metal and on the other hand providing an electrical connection point at the second end 12 of the first radiating element 10 and finally by maintaining a strong pressure between the second end 12 of the first radiating element 10 and the bodywork 9. Strong pressure can, for example, be exerted by a bolted device.
  • the first fastening means 3, the tuning box 5, the box adapter 6 and the transmitter / receiver device 7 are of the same type as those described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 and their installation is the same.
  • the coupling device 8 consists of an electrical link, a coaxial link for example.
  • Figure 5 gives a schematic representation of electrical connections within the device of figure 4.
  • the transmitter / receiver device 7 is coupled to the antenna 2 by the adapter box 6 in series with the coupling device 8.
  • the signal emitted E 1 by the transmitter / receiver device 7 is adapted by the adapter box 6 to generate an attack signal E 2 .
  • the drive signal E 2 is transmitted by the coupling device 8, a coaxial link for example, to a point of attack 13.
  • the signal d attack E 2 is found at the attack point 13. From the attack point 13, the attack signal E 2 is transmitted by the second radiating element 14 at the determined point 16. According to this arrangement, during a transmission, the radiation is produced by the antenna 2 composed of the first radiating element 10 and the second radiating element 14.
  • the determined point 16 is chosen between two consecutive segments of the wire antenna 10.
  • the determined point 16 is located on a mechanical part, for example a segment of very short length, inserted between the two consecutive segments of the wire antenna 10.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to modify the impedance seen at the point of attack 13 by moving the determined point 16 along the wire antenna 10.
  • the determined point 16 is moved by moving the mechanical part between two other consecutive segments.
  • the impedance can thus vary between a first value when the determined point 16 is located as close as possible to the second end 12 of the wire antenna 10, and a second value when the determined point 16 is located as close as possible to the first end 11.
  • the position of the determined point 16 is determined during a computer simulation of the device. At the corresponding location on the wire antenna 10, a preparation is carried out to allow the second radiating element 14 to be connected directly.
  • the preparation consists, for example, in removing the insulating coating from the wire antenna 10 to expose the conductive material.
  • This method is also applicable in the first embodiment of the first radiating element 10. The method thus makes it possible to be able to choose an impedance from a continuous variation of values.
  • the determined point 16 is located at a distance from the second end 12 between 60 and 100 cm, and this for a frequency band between 2 and 12 MHz.
  • the position of the determined point 16 can be estimated firstly by calculating 1 ⁇ 4 of the length of the wire antenna 10 and be further refined using a simulation program.
  • the ground plan does not provide good electrical continuity between the second fixing means 4 and the impedance ok Za from the box ok 5 it is possible to improve continuity electric by adding a conductive tape (of the ground braid type, wire mesh or metal strip (copper strip, for example) on the vehicle 1.
  • a conductive tape of the ground braid type, wire mesh or metal strip (copper strip, for example) on the vehicle 1.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to a vehicle. But she can just as easily be installed on a fixed support. It seems indeed particularly advantageous to use such a device when, for example example, the site to accommodate the antenna is of limited dimensions or when the construction of a pylon or a concrete mass is undesirable.
  • the first radiating element can, in a particular embodiment, to be produced by a metal tube of section low.
  • the curved shape of the first radiating element can be approached by giving the metal tube a polygonal shape.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
EP98401926A 1997-08-12 1998-07-28 Halbschleifenantenne für hohe Frequenzen Withdrawn EP0897200A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9710290 1997-08-12
FR9710290A FR2767420B1 (fr) 1997-08-12 1997-08-12 Dispositif a antenne demi-boucle haute frequence

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0897200A1 true EP0897200A1 (de) 1999-02-17

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EP98401926A Withdrawn EP0897200A1 (de) 1997-08-12 1998-07-28 Halbschleifenantenne für hohe Frequenzen

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EP (1) EP0897200A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2767420B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2785094A1 (fr) * 1998-10-27 2000-04-28 Thomson Csf Systeme d'antenne hf
FR2828016A1 (fr) * 2001-07-30 2003-01-31 Pygmalyon Antennes du genre boucle
NL1030808C2 (nl) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-02 Hendrik Christiaan Fidder Lusantenne-inrichting.
EP2736118A1 (de) * 2012-11-23 2014-05-28 Thales Antennensystem mit ineinander verschachtelten Regelkreisen, und Fahrzeug, das ein solches Antennensystem umfasst

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2400551A (en) * 1944-04-24 1946-05-21 Donald L Hings Antenna
DE3246365A1 (de) * 1982-12-15 1984-06-20 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Notch-antenne fuer einen grossen frequenzenbereich
FR2553584A1 (fr) * 1983-10-13 1985-04-19 Applic Rech Electronique Antenne demi-boucle pour vehicule terrestre
FR2553586A1 (fr) * 1983-10-13 1985-04-19 Applic Rech Electronique Antenne demi-boucle a accord automatique dans une large bande
US4893131A (en) * 1988-06-15 1990-01-09 Smith William J Mobile or ground mounted arcuate antenna
US5252985A (en) * 1990-11-14 1993-10-12 Christinsin Alan S Whip tilt adapter
EP0691738A1 (de) * 1994-07-06 1996-01-10 SOCIETE TECHNIQUE D'APPLICATION & DE RECHERCHE ELECTRONIQUE Halbschleifenantenne mit schneller selbsttätiger Abstimmung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2400551A (en) * 1944-04-24 1946-05-21 Donald L Hings Antenna
DE3246365A1 (de) * 1982-12-15 1984-06-20 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Notch-antenne fuer einen grossen frequenzenbereich
FR2553584A1 (fr) * 1983-10-13 1985-04-19 Applic Rech Electronique Antenne demi-boucle pour vehicule terrestre
FR2553586A1 (fr) * 1983-10-13 1985-04-19 Applic Rech Electronique Antenne demi-boucle a accord automatique dans une large bande
US4893131A (en) * 1988-06-15 1990-01-09 Smith William J Mobile or ground mounted arcuate antenna
US5252985A (en) * 1990-11-14 1993-10-12 Christinsin Alan S Whip tilt adapter
EP0691738A1 (de) * 1994-07-06 1996-01-10 SOCIETE TECHNIQUE D'APPLICATION & DE RECHERCHE ELECTRONIQUE Halbschleifenantenne mit schneller selbsttätiger Abstimmung

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2785094A1 (fr) * 1998-10-27 2000-04-28 Thomson Csf Systeme d'antenne hf
FR2828016A1 (fr) * 2001-07-30 2003-01-31 Pygmalyon Antennes du genre boucle
WO2003012920A1 (fr) * 2001-07-30 2003-02-13 Pygmalyon Antennes du genre boucle
US7123210B2 (en) 2001-07-30 2006-10-17 Pygmalyon Loop-type antenna
NL1030808C2 (nl) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-02 Hendrik Christiaan Fidder Lusantenne-inrichting.
EP2736118A1 (de) * 2012-11-23 2014-05-28 Thales Antennensystem mit ineinander verschachtelten Regelkreisen, und Fahrzeug, das ein solches Antennensystem umfasst
FR2998722A1 (fr) * 2012-11-23 2014-05-30 Thales Sa Systeme antennaire a boucles imbriquees et vehicule comprenant un tel systeme antennaire
US9559420B2 (en) 2012-11-23 2017-01-31 Thales Antenna system with interlocking loops and vehicle comprising such an antenna system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2767420A1 (fr) 1999-02-19
FR2767420B1 (fr) 1999-10-29

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