EP0895659A1 - Plug-in connector with contact surface protection in the plug-in opening area - Google Patents
Plug-in connector with contact surface protection in the plug-in opening areaInfo
- Publication number
- EP0895659A1 EP0895659A1 EP97920599A EP97920599A EP0895659A1 EP 0895659 A1 EP0895659 A1 EP 0895659A1 EP 97920599 A EP97920599 A EP 97920599A EP 97920599 A EP97920599 A EP 97920599A EP 0895659 A1 EP0895659 A1 EP 0895659A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plug
- contact
- connector
- tracks
- sliding surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/40—Securing contact members in or to a base or case; Insulating of contact members
- H01R13/405—Securing in non-demountable manner, e.g. moulding, riveting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/02—Contact members
- H01R13/26—Pin or blade contacts for sliding co-operation on one side only
Definitions
- the invention relates to a plug connector with an insulation body, which has an essentially rectangular cross section and on the upper side of which a plurality of electrical contact tracks lying in a plane and extending in the plugging direction are arranged, which when the plug connector is joined together with a mating plug its corresponding contact springs lying next to each other interact and establish an electrical contact.
- USB Universal Serial Bus
- the basic principle is no longer to connect peripheral devices to a PC via individual, parallel connections with separate and often different connector systems as before, but rather to connect the peripheral devices essentially serially to a common bus.
- Connect the line which is directly connected to a PC board (motherboard) via a standardized socket on the PC housing.
- the face of the circuit board socket (receptacle) is essentially already specified by a specification and has four strip-shaped contact springs lying side by side in one plane, which, when the bus plug is plugged in, with the four contact rails arranged next to each other or tracks cooperate and establish the electrical contact.
- the contact springs are arranged in the socket plug in an insulation body, which is essentially designed as a plastic tongue with a rectangular cross-section, and are angled in their rear area towards connecting legs protruding downwards, which come into contact holes in the conductor plate are insertable.
- the connector and mating connector are usually provided with a metallic shield housing. Two latching hooks are provided in the ceiling and floor area of these shield plates, which engage in recesses on the shield housing of the matching mating connector and which realize the holding forces when the plug is pulled out and the ground contact.
- the object of the present invention is to solve the described contacting problem.
- tact tracks is designed as a curved sliding surface for the associated contact spring, that the insulation body is designed with a stepped offset at its plug-side end, the transition between the height levels at least in the area of the contact tracks matching their curved shape Sliding surface, that is, as a rounded step, and that the contact tracks are firmly arranged in the insulation body by extrusion coating with plastic.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective partial view of a connector according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a partially sectioned view of the plug connector according to FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic section of the plug connector and a corresponding mating plug in the unplugged state.
- FIG. 1 shows an insulation body 1 which has a stepped offset 4 at its plug-side end, so that the contact tracks 2 arranged at the higher level end in front of the plug-side end of the insulation body 1. This does not form a closed front on the plug side, but is open in the plug opening area.
- the contact tracks 2 are each formed with a curved sliding surface 3. This and the open front area of the insulation body 1 provide protection against sharp-edged and / or abrasion-related contact contact when plugging in with the mating plug, since the contact point 7, which is also usually rounded, of the contact spring of the socket plug with the Sliding surface 3 cooperates and no longer has one sharp front edge of Isolations Congress ⁇ 1 must be moved.
- the dislocation 4 or the free surface formed thereby have the effect that the slightly sagging incoming contact spring does not come into contact with the insulating body 1 before contact with the sliding surface 3.
- the insulating body 1 should be designed such that it is set back in all surfaces that could interfere with the insertion.
- the insulation body 1, as can be seen in FIG. 1, is formed with side edges 5, the height of which is dimensioned such that the plastic tongue 8 (cf. FIG. 3) of the mating connector slips exactly at the intended height when inserted over these side edges 5, so that the contact elements 3, 7 of the socket and the plug come into contact with one another as intended.
- the repeated shifting back of the two middle contact tracks relative to the outer contact tracks is due to the fact that usually the outer contact tracks are used as power connections and should form a contact in time before the internal signal contacts.
- the rounded contact points 7 touch offset contact areas 6, which are arranged approximately in the middle of the contact tracks 2.
- the contact tracks By injection molding the contact tracks with plastic, they are held in position and cannot lift off the insulation body 1, which is particularly important with regard to the curved sliding surface 3. As can be seen in FIG. 1, the tip of the sliding surface 3 is anchored in the area of the offset 4 in the insulation body 1. Injection molding also has the advantage that an additional assembly process (inserting the contact tracks) is not necessary.
- FIG. 2 the two right-hand contact tracks 2 are shown in a (fictitious) non-overmolded state for better understanding.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 only show the plug area of the connector.
- FIG. 3 shows the plastic tongue 8 and the contact point 7 of the contact spring of the mating connector, which is somewhat sagging downward.
- the connector according to the invention is shown here with a shield plate 9. When plugged in, the plastic tongue 8 lies over the insulation body 1.
Landscapes
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns an insulation body (1) on the upper side of which several electrical contact tongues (2) are arranged next to each other in a plane and oriented in the direction of the connection. To protect the contact surface, the plug-side end of the contact tongues (2) is in each case formed as a curved sliding surface (3) for the corresponding contact spring. The insulating body (1) is formed on its plug side with a step-formed offset (4), the transition area between the different levels being formed in the area of the contact tongues (2) to fit their curved sliding surface (3), thus, as a rounded step (5).
Description
Beschreibungdescription
Steckverbinder mit Kontaktflächenschutz im Stecköffnungsbe- reichPlug connector with contact surface protection in the plug opening area
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Steckverbinder mit einem Isola¬ tionskörper, der einen im wesentlichen rechteckigen Quer¬ schnitt aufweist und an dessen Oberseite mehrere in einer Ebene nebeneinander liegende, in Steckrichtung verlaufende elektrische Kontaktbahnen angeordnet sind, die beim Zusammen¬ fügen des Steckverbinders mit einem Gegenstecker mit dessen nebeneinander liegenden entsprechenden Kontaktfedern zusam¬ menwirken und einen elektrischen Kontakt herstellen.The invention relates to a plug connector with an insulation body, which has an essentially rectangular cross section and on the upper side of which a plurality of electrical contact tracks lying in a plane and extending in the plugging direction are arranged, which when the plug connector is joined together with a mating plug its corresponding contact springs lying next to each other interact and establish an electrical contact.
Derartige Steckverbinder sind insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit dem von mehreren Computerherstellern angestrebten stan¬ dardisierten USB(Universal Serial Bus) -Konzept bekannt gewor¬ den und von Interesse. Bei diesem neuen Bus-System geht es grundsätzlich darum, die Anschlüsse von Peripheriegeräten an einen PC nicht mehr wie bisher über einzelne, parallele An¬ schlüsse mit getrennten und oft unterschiedlichen Steckver¬ bindersystemen vorzunehmen, sondern die Peripheriegeräte im wesentlichen seriell an eine gemeinsame Bus-Leitung anzu¬ schließen, die über ein standardisierte Steckbuchse am Gehäu- se des PC unmittelbar mit einer Leiterplatte (motherboard) des PC verbunden ist. Das Steckgesicht der Leiterplatten- steckbuchse (receptacle) ist im wesentlichen bereits durch eine Spezifikation festgelegt und weist vier in einer Ebene nebeneinander liegende, streifenförmige Kontaktfedern auf, die beim Stecken des Bussteckers (plug) mit den in diesen an¬ geordneten vier nebeneinander liegenden Kontaktschienen bzw. -bahnen zusammenwirken und den elektrischen Kontakt herstel¬ len. Die Kontaktfedern sind im Buchsenstecker in einem Isola¬ tionskörper, der im wesentlichen als Kunststoffzunge mit rechteckigem Querschnitt ausgebildet ist, angeordnet und sind in ihrem hinteren Bereich zu nach unten wegstehenden An- schlußbeinchen abgewinkelt, die in Kontaktlöcher der Leiter-
platte einsteckbar sind. Stecker und Gegenstecker sind übli¬ cherweise mit einem metallischen Schirmgehäuse versehen. Im Decken- und Bodenbereich dieser Schirmbleche sind jeweils zwei Rasthaken vorgesehen, die in Aussparungen am Schirmge- häuse des passenden Gegensteckers eingreifen und die Halte¬ kräfte beim Ausziehen deε plugs und den Erdungskontakt reali¬ sieren.Such connectors have become known and are of interest in particular in connection with the standardized USB (Universal Serial Bus) concept sought by several computer manufacturers. With this new bus system, the basic principle is no longer to connect peripheral devices to a PC via individual, parallel connections with separate and often different connector systems as before, but rather to connect the peripheral devices essentially serially to a common bus. Connect the line, which is directly connected to a PC board (motherboard) via a standardized socket on the PC housing. The face of the circuit board socket (receptacle) is essentially already specified by a specification and has four strip-shaped contact springs lying side by side in one plane, which, when the bus plug is plugged in, with the four contact rails arranged next to each other or tracks cooperate and establish the electrical contact. The contact springs are arranged in the socket plug in an insulation body, which is essentially designed as a plastic tongue with a rectangular cross-section, and are angled in their rear area towards connecting legs protruding downwards, which come into contact holes in the conductor plate are insertable. The connector and mating connector are usually provided with a metallic shield housing. Two latching hooks are provided in the ceiling and floor area of these shield plates, which engage in recesses on the shield housing of the matching mating connector and which realize the holding forces when the plug is pulled out and the ground contact.
Bei Steckverbindern besteht im allgemeinen die Situation, daß sich die Kontaktelemente der beiden durch Stecken zu verbin¬ denden Komponenten beim Stecken und Ziehen in Steckrichtung aufeinander zu bzw. voneinander weg bewegen. Außerhalb der Endposition können sich die Kontaktelemente entweder mit oder ohne Berührung gegeneinander bewegen. Dabei ist es grundsätz- lieh wünschenswert, mögliche Schädigungen bzw. Verunreinigun¬ gen von den Kontaktflächen fern zu halten. Beim aus der Spe¬ zifikation bekannten Steckverbinder werden im Isolationskör¬ per, der steckseitig eine geschlossene Front bildet, zur Oberseite hin offene Ausnehmungen für die Kontaktbahnen vor- gesehen, in denen diese gehalten sind. Bei diesem konventio¬ nellen Steckverbinderdesign ist es unvermeidbar, daß die Kon¬ taktfedern des Buchsensteckers beim Stecken zunächst über den Frontbereich des Isolationskörpers des plugs bewegt werden. Dadurch besteht die Gefahr, daß nichtleitendes Kunststoffma- terial mit den Kontaktflächen in Berührung kommt und den Ver¬ schleiß (Goldabrieb) der hochwertig vergüteten Kontaktflächen beschleunigt. Dies kann den Kontaktwiderstand an den Grenz¬ flächen des Steckverbindersystems soweit erhöhen, daß die Si¬ gnalübermittlung beeinträchtigt ist. Zu einem unerwünschten Goldabrieb kann es auch durch eine scharfkantige Berührung der Kontaktelemente kommen.In the case of plug connectors, there is generally the situation that the contact elements of the two components to be connected by plugging move towards or away from one another in the plugging direction when plugging and pulling. Outside the end position, the contact elements can move against each other either with or without touching. It is fundamentally desirable to keep possible damage or contamination away from the contact surfaces. In the case of the plug connector known from the specification, recesses for the contact tracks, in which they are held, are provided in the insulation body which forms a closed front on the plug side. With this conventional connector design, it is inevitable that the contact springs of the socket connector are first moved over the front area of the plug's insulating body when plugged in. As a result, there is a risk that non-conductive plastic material comes into contact with the contact surfaces and accelerates the wear (gold abrasion) of the high-quality coated contact surfaces. This can increase the contact resistance at the interfaces of the connector system to such an extent that the signal transmission is impaired. Unwanted gold abrasion can also result from sharp contact with the contact elements.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die geschilderte Kontaktierungsproblematik zu lösen.The object of the present invention is to solve the described contacting problem.
Bei einem Steckverbinder der eingangs genannten Art wird die¬ se Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß das steckseitige Ende der Kon-
taktbahnen jeweils als gekrümmte Gleitfläche für die zugehö¬ rige Kontaktfeder ausgebildet ist, daß der Isolationskörper an seinem steckseitigen Ende mit einer stufenförmigen Verset¬ zung ausgebildet ist, wobei der Übergang zwischen den Höhen¬ niveaus zumindest jeweils im Bereich der Kontaktbahnen pas¬ send zu deren gekrümmter Gleitfläche, also als abgerundete Stufe, ausgebildet ist, und daß die Kontaktbahnen durch Um- spritzen mit Kunststoff im Isolationskörper fest angeordnet sind.In the case of a connector of the type mentioned at the outset, this object is achieved by tact tracks is designed as a curved sliding surface for the associated contact spring, that the insulation body is designed with a stepped offset at its plug-side end, the transition between the height levels at least in the area of the contact tracks matching their curved shape Sliding surface, that is, as a rounded step, and that the contact tracks are firmly arranged in the insulation body by extrusion coating with plastic.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbei- spieles im Zusammenhang mit Figuren näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment in connection with figures.
Es zeigenShow it
Figur 1 eine perspektivische Teilansicht eines erfindungsge¬ mäßen Steckverbinders,FIG. 1 shows a perspective partial view of a connector according to the invention,
Figur 2 eine teilweise geschnittene Ansicht deε Steckverbin¬ ders gemäß Figur 1, Figur 3 einen schematischen Schnitt des Steckverbinders und eines entsprechenden Gegensteckers im nicht gesteck¬ ten Zustand.2 shows a partially sectioned view of the plug connector according to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a schematic section of the plug connector and a corresponding mating plug in the unplugged state.
In Figur 1 ist ein Isolationskörper 1 dargestellt, der an seinem steckseitigen Ende eine stufenförmige Versetzung 4 aufweist, so daß die auf dem höheren Niveau angeordneten Kon¬ taktbahnen 2 vor dem steckseitigen Ende des Isolationskörpers 1 enden. Dieser bildet also steckseitig keine geschlossene Front, sondern ist im Stecköffnungsbereich offen ausgebildet. Die Kontaktbahnen 2 sind jeweils mit einer gekrümmten Gleit- fläche 3 ausgebildet. Dadurch und durch den offenen Frontbe¬ reich des Isolationskörpers 1 ist ein Schutz vor einer scharfkantigen und/oder mit Abrieb verbundenen Kontaktberüh¬ rung beim Stecken mit dem Gegenstecker gegeben, da erfin- dungsgemäß nunmehr die üblicherweise ebenfalls abgerundete Kontaktstelle 7 der Kontaktfeder des Buchsensteckers mit der Gleitfläche 3 zusammenwirkt und auch nicht mehr über eine
scharfe Frontkante des Isolationskörperε 1 bewegt werden muß. Die Versetzung 4 bzw. die dadurch gebildete freie Fläche be¬ wirken demnach, daß die etwas nach unten durchhängende ankom¬ mende Kontaktfeder vor der Berührung mit der Gleitfläche 3 nicht mit dem Isolationskörper 1 in Berührung kommt.FIG. 1 shows an insulation body 1 which has a stepped offset 4 at its plug-side end, so that the contact tracks 2 arranged at the higher level end in front of the plug-side end of the insulation body 1. This does not form a closed front on the plug side, but is open in the plug opening area. The contact tracks 2 are each formed with a curved sliding surface 3. This and the open front area of the insulation body 1 provide protection against sharp-edged and / or abrasion-related contact contact when plugging in with the mating plug, since the contact point 7, which is also usually rounded, of the contact spring of the socket plug with the Sliding surface 3 cooperates and no longer has one sharp front edge of Isolationskörperε 1 must be moved. The dislocation 4 or the free surface formed thereby have the effect that the slightly sagging incoming contact spring does not come into contact with the insulating body 1 before contact with the sliding surface 3.
Um den Kontaktabrieb weiter zu verringern, ist es vorteil¬ haft, auch seitlich der Kontaktbahnen 2 jeweils eine Verset¬ zung des Kunststoffmaterials, wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, vorzusehen. Der Isolationεkörper 1 iεt also prinzipiell so auszuführen, daß er in allen Flächen, die beim Stecken stören könnten, zurückversetzt ist.In order to further reduce the contact abrasion, it is advantageous to also provide a displacement of the plastic material to the side of the contact tracks 2, as shown in FIG. 1. In principle, the insulating body 1 should be designed such that it is set back in all surfaces that could interfere with the insertion.
Der Isolationskörper 1 ist, wie in Figur 1 erkennbar, mit Seitenkanten 5 ausgebildet, deren Höhe so bemessen ist, daß die Kunststoffzunge 8 (vgl. Figur 3) des Gegensteckers genau auf der vorgesehenen Höhe beim Stecken über diese Seitenkan¬ ten 5 rutscht, so daß die Kontaktelemente 3, 7 von Buchse und Stecker wie vorgesehen miteinander in Berührung kommen. Die nochmalige Zurückversetzung der beiden mittleren Kontaktbah¬ nen gegenüber den äußeren Kontaktbahnen ist darin begründet, daß üblicherweise die äußeren Kontaktbahnen als Leistungsan¬ schlüsse verwendet werden und beim Stecken zeitlich vor den innenliegenden Signalkontakten einen Kontakt bilden sollen. In der Endposition berühren die abgerundeten Kontaktstellen 7 abgesetzte Kontaktbereiche 6, die etwa in der Mitte der Kon¬ taktbahnen 2 angeordnet sind.The insulation body 1, as can be seen in FIG. 1, is formed with side edges 5, the height of which is dimensioned such that the plastic tongue 8 (cf. FIG. 3) of the mating connector slips exactly at the intended height when inserted over these side edges 5, so that the contact elements 3, 7 of the socket and the plug come into contact with one another as intended. The repeated shifting back of the two middle contact tracks relative to the outer contact tracks is due to the fact that usually the outer contact tracks are used as power connections and should form a contact in time before the internal signal contacts. In the end position, the rounded contact points 7 touch offset contact areas 6, which are arranged approximately in the middle of the contact tracks 2.
Durch daε Umspritzen der Kontaktbahnen mit Kunststoff werden diese genau in Position gehalten und können vom Isolations¬ körper 1 nicht abheben, was insbesondere im Hinblick auf die gekrümmte Gleitfläche 3 von Bedeutung ist. Wie in Figur 1 er¬ kennbar, ist die Spitze der Gleitfläche 3 jeweils im Bereich der Versetzung 4 im Isolationskörper 1 verankert. Das Um- spritzen bietet auch den Vorteil, daß ein zusätzlicher Monta¬ gevorgang (Einlegen der Kontaktbahnen) nicht erforderlich ist.
In Figur 2 sind zur besseren Verständlichkeit die beiden rechten Kontaktbahnen 2 in einem (fiktiven) nicht umspritzten Zustand dargestellt. In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist zur Vereinfa- chung nur der Steckbereich des Steckverbinders dargestellt. In Figur 3 erkennt man die Kunststoffzunge 8 und die Kontakt¬ stelle 7 der nach unten etwas durchhängenden Kontaktfeder des Gegensteckers. Der erfindungsgemäße Steckverbinder ist hier mit einem Schirmblech 9 dargestellt. Im gesteckten Zustand liegt die Kunststoffzunge 8 über dem Isolationεkörper 1.
By injection molding the contact tracks with plastic, they are held in position and cannot lift off the insulation body 1, which is particularly important with regard to the curved sliding surface 3. As can be seen in FIG. 1, the tip of the sliding surface 3 is anchored in the area of the offset 4 in the insulation body 1. Injection molding also has the advantage that an additional assembly process (inserting the contact tracks) is not necessary. In FIG. 2, the two right-hand contact tracks 2 are shown in a (fictitious) non-overmolded state for better understanding. For the sake of simplicity, FIGS. 1 and 2 only show the plug area of the connector. FIG. 3 shows the plastic tongue 8 and the contact point 7 of the contact spring of the mating connector, which is somewhat sagging downward. The connector according to the invention is shown here with a shield plate 9. When plugged in, the plastic tongue 8 lies over the insulation body 1.
Claims
1. Steckverbinder mit einem Isolationskörper (1), der einen im wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist und an des- sen Oberseite mehrere in einer Ebene nebeneinander liegende, in Steckrichtung verlaufende elektrische Kontaktbahnen (2) angeordnet sind, die beim Zuεammenfügen des Steckverbinders mit einem Gegenstecker mit desεen nebeneinanderliegenden ent¬ sprechenden Kontaktfedern zuεammenwirken und einen elektri- sehen Kontakt herstellen, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t ,1. Plug connector with an insulation body (1), which has an essentially rectangular cross-section and on whose upper side a plurality of electrical contact tracks (2) lying next to one another in the same plane and arranged in the plugging direction are arranged, which when the plug connector is joined together with a mating plug their corresponding contact springs lying next to each other interact and produce an electrical contact, characterized in that
- daß das steckseitige Ende der Kontaktbahnen (2) jeweils als gekrümmte Gleitfläche (3) für die zugehörige Kontaktfeder ausgebildet ist, - daß der Isolationskörper (1) an seinem steckseitigen Ende mit einer stufenförmigen Versetzung (4) ausgebildet ist, wo¬ bei der Obergang zwischen den Höhenniveaus zumindest jeweils im Bereich der Kontaktbahnen (2) passend zu deren gekrümmter Gleitfläche (3), also als abgerundete Stufe (5), ausgebildet ist, und- That the plug-side end of the contact tracks (2) is designed as a curved sliding surface (3) for the associated contact spring, - that the insulation body (1) is formed at its plug-side end with a stepped offset (4), where the transition between the height levels at least in the area of the contact tracks (2) to match their curved sliding surface (3), that is to say as a rounded step (5), and
- daß die Kontaktbahnen (2) durch Umspritzen mit Kunststoff im Isolationεkörper (1) fest angeordnet sind. - That the contact tracks (2) by injection molding with plastic in the Isolationsεkörper (1) are fixed.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19615978 | 1996-04-22 | ||
DE19615978 | 1996-04-22 | ||
PCT/DE1997/000756 WO1997040551A1 (en) | 1996-04-22 | 1997-04-15 | Plug-in connector with contact surface protection in the plug-in opening area |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0895659A1 true EP0895659A1 (en) | 1999-02-10 |
Family
ID=7792067
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97920599A Ceased EP0895659A1 (en) | 1996-04-22 | 1997-04-15 | Plug-in connector with contact surface protection in the plug-in opening area |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6036549A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0895659A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3011773B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1216638A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2252611A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW373356B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997040551A1 (en) |
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1997
- 1997-04-15 US US09/171,651 patent/US6036549A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-15 WO PCT/DE1997/000756 patent/WO1997040551A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-04-15 JP JP9537579A patent/JP3011773B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-15 TW TW086104850A patent/TW373356B/en active
- 1997-04-15 CN CN97194004A patent/CN1216638A/en active Pending
- 1997-04-15 CA CA002252611A patent/CA2252611A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-04-15 EP EP97920599A patent/EP0895659A1/en not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO9740551A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1216638A (en) | 1999-05-12 |
TW373356B (en) | 1999-11-01 |
JPH11508730A (en) | 1999-07-27 |
JP3011773B2 (en) | 2000-02-21 |
US6036549A (en) | 2000-03-14 |
WO1997040551A1 (en) | 1997-10-30 |
CA2252611A1 (en) | 1997-10-30 |
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