EP0890399A1 - Améliorations dans et relatives au transport et substances liquides - Google Patents

Améliorations dans et relatives au transport et substances liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0890399A1
EP0890399A1 EP98305536A EP98305536A EP0890399A1 EP 0890399 A1 EP0890399 A1 EP 0890399A1 EP 98305536 A EP98305536 A EP 98305536A EP 98305536 A EP98305536 A EP 98305536A EP 0890399 A1 EP0890399 A1 EP 0890399A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
superstructure
ladle
transfer means
moving
constructs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98305536A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Adrian Kvaerner Metals C.C. Ltd. Hetherington
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kvaerner Clecim Continuous Casting Ltd
Kvaerner Metals Continuous Casting Ltd
Original Assignee
Kvaerner Clecim Continuous Casting Ltd
Kvaerner Metals Continuous Casting Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9714523.9A external-priority patent/GB9714523D0/en
Application filed by Kvaerner Clecim Continuous Casting Ltd, Kvaerner Metals Continuous Casting Ltd filed Critical Kvaerner Clecim Continuous Casting Ltd
Publication of EP0890399A1 publication Critical patent/EP0890399A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/12—Travelling ladles or similar containers; Cars for ladles
    • B22D41/13—Ladle turrets

Definitions

  • This invention concerns improvements in and relating to the transportation and discharge of molten materials, particularly, but not exclusively to the transfer of ladles of molten metal to a pouring position.
  • ladles to transfer the molten metal from the melting location, where the ladle is filled, to a casting location, where it is emptied.
  • ladle turrets are frequently employed at the casting location to receive the ladle, lift the ladle, carry it whilst the turret rotates through 180° to the emptying location, support the ladle during emptying and return the ladle to the position from which it received it.
  • transfer means for a ladle comprising a rotatably mounted superstructure, the superstructure being provided with one or more dependant constructs for lifting a ladle, the constructs being pivotally mounted relative to the superstructure in support means, moving means being provided for moving the dependant constructs, the moving means being mounted on the superstructure in support means and the support means for one or more of the dependant constructs and/or for the moving means being provided on the superstructure such that the support means are positioned substantially directly over the adjoining portion of the superstructure.
  • the superstructure comprises a substantially vertically arranged element.
  • one or more of the support means are positioned substantially directly over the adjoining portion of this element of the superstructure.
  • the superstructure may be defined by one or more cylindrical elements, preferably right cylinders.
  • the cylinder and / or its axis is vertically provided. Where more than one cylindrical element are provided preferably they share a common axis and common diameter.
  • One or more support plates or stiffeners may be provided for the cylinders or superstructure.
  • the stiffeners are horizontally provided.
  • the stiffeners substantially or completely encompass or surround the superstructure. Hexagonal cross-section stiffeners may be provided.
  • the rotatable mounting is provided by a substantially horizontal bearing, such as a slew bearing.
  • the superstructure is supported on the bearing surface of this bearing.
  • the superstructure may be provided directly on the bearing surface, or supported thereon by an intervening structure.
  • the intervening structure may, for instance comprise a conical transition piece.
  • the dependent constructs comprise one or more rigid arms pivotally mounted to the superstructure at fixed locations and a ladle engaging unit. At least one, and preferably two pairs of arms pivotally mounted on the superstructure and connected to the ladle engaging unit may be provided. Preferably one pair of the arms is provided higher on the superstructure than the other pair of arms. Preferably the arms are pivotally mounted to the ladle engaging unit, most preferably at different locations.
  • the ladle engaging unit may comprise a pair of limbs spaced from one another by a gap designed to receive the ladle.
  • the limbs of the ladle engaging unit may be separate, or may be joined by a cross piece.
  • the arms of the dependent constructs engage the limbs of the ladle engaging unit.
  • the limbs of the ladle engaging unit are joined together by a cross piece in proximity to the pivotal engagement of the ladle engaging unit with the upper pair of arms mounted on the superstructure.
  • the upper arm, lower arm, a portion of the ladle engaging limb and a portion of the superstructure on each side of the transfer means form a variable parallelogram.
  • the pivotal mountings are provided in bearing blocks.
  • the bearing blocks may be provided in support means directly provided by the superstructure or by support means depending from a portion of the superstructure.
  • the upper arm pivotal mountings are themselves provided directly over the adjoining portion of the superstructure.
  • the pivotal mountings for the lower arms are provided on a support means depending from the superstructure, the support means being positioned substantially directly over the adjoining portion of the superstructure.
  • the support means may be provided on a stiffener and / or between two stiffeners.
  • the support means may extend above one or more of the stiffeners.
  • the support means for the upper arms may comprise substantially vertically aligned plate elements with a pivotal axis passing therethrough, the intersection of the pivotal axis and centreline of the plate member being provided over the centre of the element forming the substantial part of the adjoining superstructure.
  • the support means for the lower arms are provided by substantially vertically aligned plates.
  • the centreline of the plate is tangential to the adjoining superstructure and aligned with the centreline of the portion of the superstructure with which the support means adjoins.
  • a portion of the superstructure is cut away between the dependent arms to form a mounting location in support means for the moving means.
  • the mounting location may be provided substantially directly over the supporting structure.
  • the mounting location may be provided in support means depending from the adjoining portion of the superstructure.
  • the support means may comprise a beam.
  • the support means may extend across the transfer means superstructure, most preferably from one side to the other.
  • the mounting location may be provided by an aperture in the support means.
  • Preferably the mounting location and / or moving means may be provided entirely within the periphery of the superstructure.
  • the moving means act on the ladle engaging unit.
  • the moving means act on the cross piece linking the arms of the ladle engaging unit. Further details of the moving means are provided elsewhere in this application, and apply equally to this aspect of the invention also.
  • the first aspect of the invention may include independently or in any combination the features, options, possibilities and structures set out elsewhere in this document.
  • transfer means for a ladle comprising a superstructure rotatably mounted on a bearing surface, the superstructure being provided with one or more dependant constructs for lifting a ladle and means being provided for moving the dependant constructs so as to lift the ladle, wherein the superstructure is supported on a conical element between the superstructure and bearing surface.
  • the conical surface has a larger cross-section or diameter at it junction with the superstructure than its cross-section or diameter at its junction with the bearing surface.
  • the angle of inclination of the cone surface, relative to its axis, may vary between -45° and 45° and more preferably between 0° and 30°.
  • the length of the conical element, measured along its conical surface from the top of the bearing surface to superstructure may be between 10mm and 2000mm and more preferably between 250mm and 1500mm.
  • the superstructure may have a maximum dimension and/or diameter of up to 6000mm.
  • the bearing surface may have a maximum outer diameter of up to 6500mm and preferably of between 2000mm and 6500mm.
  • the second aspect of the invention may include independently or in any combination the features, options, possibilities and structures set out elsewhere in this document.
  • a third aspect of the invention we provide a method of producing a plurality of transfer means for ladles, the transfer means each comprising a superstructure rotatably mounted on a bearing surface, the superstructure being provided with one or more dependant constructs for lifting a ladle and means being provided for moving the dependant constructs so as to lift the ladle, the superstructure being supported on a conical element between the superstructure and bearing surface, the bearing surface diameter being the same in at least two of the transfer means and the size of the superstructure being different in the at least two transfer means, wherein the angle of inclination of the conical element varies between the at least two said transfer means.
  • the third aspect of the invention may include independently or in any combination the features, options, possibilities and structures set out elsewhere in this document.
  • transfer means for a ladle comprising a rotatably mounted superstructure provided on a bearing surface, the superstructure being provided with one or more dependant constructs for lifting a ladle, means being provided for moving the dependant constructs, the moving means being mounted on the superstructure and wherein said moving means mounting the moving means is provided at least 500mm vertically spaced above the top surface of the bearing surface.
  • the moving means mounting may be provided at least 750mm or at least 1000mm vertically above the top surface of the bearing surface, and more preferably at least 1500mm above. Ideally the vertical spacing is at least 2000mm.
  • the moving means mounting on the superstructure may be provided directly over the adjoining portion of the superstructure.
  • the moving means mounting may be provided on an element mounted on the superstructure.
  • the element may comprise a beam.
  • the element may extend across the superstructure from one side to another.
  • the mounting comprises a flange on the superstructure which cooperates directly or indirectly with a flange on the moving means.
  • the flange on the moving means is substantially horizontal.
  • a flange on the moving means may contact the flange on the mounting through a spherical mounting.
  • a spherical mounting is defined by a portion of the flange on the moving means mounting.
  • one surface of the spherical mounting is provided by an annular element mounted on the moving means.
  • the moving means moves in an axial direction.
  • the flange on the superstructure may be provided at the end of a cylinder.
  • the cylinder is aligned with the axis of the moving means.
  • the cylinder may provide support for the flange and/or provide a housing enclosing the moving means.
  • the moving means preferably comprises a piston and cylinder in which the piston operates.
  • the piston is hydraulically driven.
  • the piston moves the dependant constructs and the cylinder is mounted on the superstructure.
  • a flange directly or indirectly contacting the mounting, is provided on the upper part of the cylinder.
  • the piston may be provided with a ball joint which engages with the dependant construct.
  • the ball joint may be received in a socket provided on or in the dependant construct.
  • the socket may be corresponding in profile, fully or in part, to the ball joint.
  • the piston has a first, fully retracted state, and a second, fully extended state.
  • first state over 50%, more preferably 65%, of the piston length is below the plane of the moving means mounting.
  • 75%, more preferably 85% of the active volume of the piston cylinder is below the plane of the moving means mounting.
  • second state over 75%, more preferably over 85%, of the piston length may extend above the plane of the mounting.
  • the weight of the dependent constructs and / or ladle is taken up by mechanical stops.
  • the mechanical stop is provided in association with the moving means support.
  • the mechanical stop may be, or may be provided on, an element supported by the moving means mounting.
  • the mechanical stop may be, or may be provided on, a cylindrical element.
  • the support or cylindrical element may enclose the moving means, such as a piston.
  • the support or cylindrical element may be supported by the flange on which the moving means is supported.
  • the stop may cooperate with an element, such as a flange, provided on or in associated with the cross piece.
  • the fourth aspect of the invention may include independently or in any combination the features, options, possibilities and structures set out elsewhere in this document.
  • a fifth aspect of the invention we provide a method of transferring a ladle, comprising receiving the ladle on transfer means at a receiving location, lifting the ladle using the transfer means, moving the ladle to a location different from the receiving location, emptying the ladle of its contents, moving the ladle to a location different to its emptying location, lowering the ladle and removing the ladle from the transfer means, wherein the transfer means is provided according to the first aspect of the invention and/or according to the second aspect of the invention and/or according to the fourth aspect of the invention and / or produced according to the method of the third aspect of the invention.
  • the ladle may have a mass of between 5 tonnes and 150 tonnes unladen with melt.
  • the ladle may carry between 10 tonnes and 350 tonnes of molten metal.
  • the ladle may be emptied by pouring of its contents.
  • the contents may be poured over a rim of the ladle or through an aperture in the bottom of the ladle.
  • the ladle may be emptied by discharge through an aperture in the ladle.
  • the aperture may be blocked during transfer and opened at discharge.
  • the aperture may be provided in the base of the ladle.
  • the ladle may be emptied into a mould, tundish or other vessel.
  • the receiving location may receive ladles direct from a melter or via intermediate stages.
  • the different location to which the emptied ladle is transferred may be the same or different to the receiving location.
  • the receiving location and emptying location may be separated by a rotational angle of 180° or any other angle.
  • the fifth aspect of the invention may include independently or in any combination the features, options, possibilities and structures set out elsewhere in this document.
  • Transfer means for ladles such as ladle turrets, are used in a variety of casting operations involving the use of ladles to carry molten metal from one location to another. They are frequently employed at casting locations to move the ladle to a discharging position.
  • the ladle In the general scheme of operations the ladle is received at a first location, lifted by the arms of the turret and rotated.
  • the superstructure of the turret is rotatably mounted on a bearing to facilitate this rotation about a vertical axis passing through the turret.
  • the desired vessel may be a casting mould, tundish or the like.
  • the ladle may be emptied by pouring or discharging through an aperture in the ladle, for instance in its base.
  • the present invention allows this weight of superstructure to be significantly reduced, thereby making significant capital cost savings.
  • the transfer means consists of a turret 1 supported by a slew bearing 3, in turn supported by a foundation frame 5 which engages the ground. The entire weight of the turret 1 is carried by the slew bearing 3.
  • the turret 1 comprises a conical transition element 9 which engages the slew bearing 3 at its lower surface and supports a lower cylindrical frame 11 at its upper surface.
  • the lower cylindrical frame 11 is provided between two horizontal stiffeners 12a, 12b of hexagonal plan and in turn supports a hollow cylindrical frame 13 which is open at its top end.
  • the cylindrical frame comprises an outer surface defining element 14 which provides the majority of the strength for this component.
  • the cylindrical frame 13 is scooped out at the front, Figure 3 and 4, so as to define a transition surface 15 extending downward from the upper bearing housings 17a, 17b to the location of the hydraulic lifting means 19.
  • the hydraulic lifting means described in more detail below, is provided in a cylinder 21 provided with a flange 23 around its top and substantially at the same level as the rear edge of the transition surface 15.
  • the upper bearing housings 17a, 17b provide mountings on either side of the cylindrical frame 13 for, see Figure 5, the limbs 25 pivotally connected to the lifting arms 27 which engage the ladle 29.
  • the limbs 25 are connected to each other via a tube to restrict relative motion.
  • the bearing housings 17a, 17b are provided directly over the centre of the element 14 forming the outer surface of the cylindrical frame 13. In this way the forces transferred to the turret 1 from the lifting arms are transferred directly to the cylindrical frame 13 in the most efficient manner possible. This reduces the weight of superstructure necessary to achieve support for a given ladle and contents weight.
  • Lower bearing housings 31a, 31b are provided on support elements 33a, 33b which depend outward from the lower cylindrical frame 11 between the stiffeners 12a, 12b.
  • the housings 31a, 31b extend upward in webs 32a, 32b which are joined to frame 13.
  • These housings provide mountings for limbs 34 also pivotally connected to the lifting arms 27 for the ladle 29.
  • these elements are provided parallel to one another, tangential to the cylindrical frames 11 and 13 and directly over the hexagonal stiffener 12a, such that the centreline of these bearing housings 31a, 31b are also parallel to one another and lie tangential to the centreline of element 14. In this way and by minimising the extent by which the support elements need project from the cylindrical frame 13, the forces are transferred direct into the frame provided directly under the location receiving the force. The effectiveness of the support is maximised and the weight of the structure is thus minimised.
  • the cylinder 21 supporting the hydraulic lifting means 19 via flange 23, is positioned in proximity to the centreline of element 14.
  • the positioning is such that two parts of the cylinder wall, those parts opposing each other by 180°, lie on the centreline of element 14 which forms the outside of the cylindrical frames 11 and 13. In this way, once again, the transfer of force to the superstructure is achieved in the most efficient manner and once again results in a minimising of the weight of support needed.
  • Figure 5 shows in the left hand portion the system in its ladle receiving configuration in cross-section and in its right hand portion the ladle in the dispensing position.
  • the ladle 29 is lowered onto the arms 27 so that the recess in the arm 27 engages the side bars of the ladle.
  • the arms 27 rest on mechanical stops in this position.
  • the cylinder is then operated to drive up the piston and so lift the cross-bar.
  • This lift transfers to the arms 27 and lifts the arms 27 and ladle 29 off the stops.
  • the ladle 29 can be emptied into a tundish, not shown, before returning it to the position occupied in the left hand side of Figure 5.
  • the conical transition element 9 which is supported on a slew bearing, supports a lower cylindrical frame 11.
  • the cylindrical frame 11 is provided between 2 stiffener plates 50, 51, and in turn supports a hollow cylindrical frame 13 which is open at its top end.
  • the cylindrical frame 13 is once again scooped out at its front to define transition surface 15 which extends downwards from the upper bearing housings 17 to the location of the hydraulic lifting means 19.
  • the hydraulic lifting means are provided in a cylinder 21 mounted inside the periphery of the supporting frame 13.
  • the cylinder 21 is supported by a beam 53 which spans the cylindrical frame 13 across its diameter.
  • the beam 53 is formed of a ?? cross sectional element and extends from the periphery of the cylindrical frame 13 on one side to the periphery on the other.
  • the top surface of the beam 53 cooperates with and supports the flange 23 mounted on the top of the hydraulic lifting means 1a.
  • An aperture through the beam 53 is provided to accommodate the cylinder 21.
  • FIG 8a and 8b illustrate a way around this particular problem.
  • the slew bearing 101 is of the same diameter, but the diameter of the supporting frame 103 which it carries can be varied quite significantly as the angle of the conical transition member 105 can be changed.
  • the wider support structure 103 of Figure 5a is supported by a more flared conical transition member 105 than the narrower support structure 103 of Figure 5b.
  • a consistent slew bearing is thus employed for consistent loads, even though the ladles necessitate different superstructure sizes.
  • the conical transition also allows significantly smaller diameter bearings to be employed than the diameter of the superstructure.
  • the conical angle may be provided in the alternate direction; a negative angle.
  • the lifting force to move the arms carrying the ladle to their elevated position is typically applied via a single lifting unit mounted between the arms on the superstructure.
  • This lifting unit typically comprises a hydraulic cylinder attached to the supporting superstructure, the force being transferred to the superstructure at its base, proximate to the slew bearing.
  • the lifting means 19 comprises an hydraulically operated piston 200 which acts on the cross-arm 202 linking the two ladle engaging arms, not shown.
  • the engagement between the two is provided by a ball 204 and socket 206 style engagement so as to accommodate limited relative movement.
  • the socket 206 is provided in head piece 207.
  • the position of the piston 200 relative to the cylinder 208 in which it is mounted is controlled by the application of fluid to void 210; the more fluid the higher the arms are lifted.
  • the cylinder 208 is, however, mounted on the superstructure by means of a collar 212 towards its upper end which transmits the forces arising during lifting through a sub-collar 214 which has a spherical mounting on a corresponding element provided on the flange 23 which extends from the enclosing cylinder 21.
  • the spherical mounting provides a limited level of relative movement tolerance between the axis of the piston 200 and cylinder 208.
EP98305536A 1997-07-10 1998-07-10 Améliorations dans et relatives au transport et substances liquides Withdrawn EP0890399A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9714523.9A GB9714523D0 (en) 1997-07-10 1997-07-10 Improvements in and relating to the transportation and discharge of molten materials
GB9714523 1997-07-10
GB9716607 1997-08-06
GBGB9716607.8A GB9716607D0 (en) 1997-07-10 1997-08-06 Improvements in and relating to transportation and discharge of molton materials

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0890399A1 true EP0890399A1 (fr) 1999-01-13

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EP98305536A Withdrawn EP0890399A1 (fr) 1997-07-10 1998-07-10 Améliorations dans et relatives au transport et substances liquides

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EP (1) EP0890399A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102784909A (zh) * 2011-05-20 2012-11-21 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 连铸机钢包回转台的旋转接头联接装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2028078A1 (de) * 1970-06-08 1971-12-16 Schloemann AG, 4000 Dusseldorf Drehturm fur Gießpfannen
US4946142A (en) * 1987-01-06 1990-08-07 Clecim Pivoting device for ladles
JPH09164456A (ja) * 1995-12-18 1997-06-24 Nippon Steel Corp 取鍋ターレット兼鋳型アセンブリ交換装置および鋳型アセンブリ交換方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2028078A1 (de) * 1970-06-08 1971-12-16 Schloemann AG, 4000 Dusseldorf Drehturm fur Gießpfannen
US4946142A (en) * 1987-01-06 1990-08-07 Clecim Pivoting device for ladles
JPH09164456A (ja) * 1995-12-18 1997-06-24 Nippon Steel Corp 取鍋ターレット兼鋳型アセンブリ交換装置および鋳型アセンブリ交換方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 097, no. 010 31 October 1997 (1997-10-31) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102784909A (zh) * 2011-05-20 2012-11-21 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 连铸机钢包回转台的旋转接头联接装置
CN102784909B (zh) * 2011-05-20 2014-09-17 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 连铸机钢包回转台的旋转接头联接装置

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