EP0890073B1 - Systeme d'arme constitue d'une arme a feu et d'un organe non letal de projection d'un jet de fluide - Google Patents

Systeme d'arme constitue d'une arme a feu et d'un organe non letal de projection d'un jet de fluide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0890073B1
EP0890073B1 EP97919505A EP97919505A EP0890073B1 EP 0890073 B1 EP0890073 B1 EP 0890073B1 EP 97919505 A EP97919505 A EP 97919505A EP 97919505 A EP97919505 A EP 97919505A EP 0890073 B1 EP0890073 B1 EP 0890073B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
canister
housing
nozzle
outlet
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP97919505A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0890073A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Peter Moore
Nicodemus Eran Bauer
Gerard Miet Bauer
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
    • F41H9/10—Hand-held or body-worn self-defence devices using repellant gases or chemicals

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a weapons according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • an officer may carry a gun, he may only use reasonable force. Reasonable force does not always include shooting the assailant. Further more, in the case where an officer points a gun at an assailant, and threatens to shoot he only has three options, those being to shoot to kill, to shoot to injure or to retreat. If he cannot do any of these he is faced with the prospect of carrying a live weapon, securable only with a safety catch, which he cannot use. In such cases, an armed officer is disadvantaged because he cannot allow the assailant to take possession of the gun, but he cannot use it, so he is faced with the prospect of wrestling with the assailant whilst carrying a live weapon possession of which he must retain.
  • Incapacitants such as CS, CR, CN, OC gas, and other similar products are known, and are used for policing and military purposes in some countries. These products are often used in riot control, but are also used by individual officers to incapacitate individual assailants or small groups thereof. When incapacitants are used in this manner, they are contained in small aerosol canisters which can be attached to a belt or an item of clothing. When the officer needs to use the incapacitant, he simply takes hold of the aerosol and sprays the incapacitant in the direction of the assailant. This type of equipment works well for the unarmed officer. However, for the armed officer and in particular the armed officer who has already drawn his weapon, using such an aerosol presents problems.
  • the armed officer In order to use the aerosol, the armed officer must make safe and put down his gun. Then he must take the aerosol from its holder. This procedure necessitates that the officer either retreat from the assailant to allow himself time to put down his weapon and take hold of the aerosol, or put down his weapon and take hold of the aerosol in close proximity to the assailant. Both of these options present problems.
  • the first option provides the assailant with an opportunity to escape, whilst the second provides him with an opportunity to attack the officer.
  • US 1,347,509 which forms a basic for the preamble of claim 1, describes a weapon consisting of a rifle having a supply of fluid mounted under the stock thereof with a pipe extending under the barrel.
  • the rifle provides the weapon with a lethal capability, insofar as a bullet fired from the rifle may be lethal.
  • the weapon also has a non-lethal capability, which is provided by the provision of a means to eject fluid stored in the stock of the weapon towards an assailant.
  • this weapon suffers from the disadvantage of the triggers for both the rifle and the fluid ejection means being located in the same vicinity under the stock.
  • One embodiment of the invention provides such a device.
  • Incapacitants are commonly available in aerosol canisters, the dimensions of which vary. It would be desirable to be able to use canisters of different dimensions.
  • the invention provides a less than lethal weapons system comprising a gun having a barrel through which a projectile may be propelled, and means for selectively ejecting a stream of fluid in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the barrel.
  • the means for selectively ejecting a stream of fluid may be formed as an integral part of the gun.
  • the means for selectively ejecting fluid is aligned with the sights of the gun to which it is attached, so that fluid is ejected towards the point of aim of the gun.
  • the means for selectively ejecting fluid and a fluid supply comprise a pressurized vessel and a valve, which may be in the form of a pressurized canister such as an aerosol canister.
  • the aerosol canister may comprise a bag containing the fluid to be ejected, which bag is sealed around a valve and pickup tube, the bag being mounted within a canister and the remaining space in the canister being filled with a propellant which acts on the bag to eject fluid out of the tube.
  • a nozzle through which fluid is ejected.
  • the nozzle may be interchangeable or adjustable, and may be selected or adjusted to produce a spray pattern suitable for the circumstances in which the weapon is to be used.
  • the weapon can produce a spray pattern having a diameter between 0.001m to 5m, and more preferably, the spray pattern is sufficiently large to cover the head and shoulders of the person targeted.
  • the spray may range from a narrow jet of fluid to a mist of fluid.
  • the nozzle may be adjusted or selected to eject the fluid within a range of 0 to 5m from the nozzle.
  • the nozzle suitably provides for the direction of fluid passing therethrough to be changed.
  • the means for selectively ejecting a stream of fluid may comprise a trigger mechanism, which is suitably provided with a safety catch.
  • the gun be a pistol, a rifle, or a shotgun.
  • the pistol, rifle or shotgun may be automatic or semi-automatic weapons.
  • One embodiment of the invention provides a fluid ejection means for selectively ejecting a stream of fluid comprising a mounting means suitable for mounting a pressurized vessel, such as an aerosol canister to a gun.
  • the fluid ejection means is releasably attachable to the gun.
  • the pressurized vessel may be mounted in or be an integral part of the fluid ejection means.
  • the longitudinal axis of the pressurized vessel is at an angle of between 0 and 90 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the barrel of the said gun.
  • the longitudinal axis of the pressurized vessel is at an angle of 75 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the barrel of the said gun.
  • the pressurized vessel may be removably inserted into the mounting means.
  • a nozzle may be provided to co-operate with the outlet of the pressurized vessel so that moving the nozzle towards the vessel depresses the outlet thereof causing release of the contents of the vessel.
  • the outlet of the pressurized vessel has fluid releasing and retaining positions with means of biasing, e.g. a spring, the said outlet to the retaining position being provided.
  • means of biasing e.g. a spring
  • a trigger mechanism comprising a lever which when depressed pushes the nozzle against the outlet of the pressurized vessel to release the contents thereof.
  • the lever With the nozzle being biased away from the outlet of the pressurized vessel, either by the outlet or a separate biasing means, the lever is pushed to its rest position when the lever is released. Pressure on the lever may be exerted by a user's thumb or one of his fingers.
  • At least one pin may be used to hold the housing in place on the gun.
  • One end of the housing may be adapted to slide into a part of the gun.
  • the housing comprises means to retain the ends of a pressurized canister, which means may constrain lateral and longitudinal movement of the canister.
  • At least one of the means may be a slidably removable spacer, which is insertable between an end of the canister and a part of the housing, where upon removal of the spacer the said canister is released to allow removal thereof and replacement with a fresh canister.
  • a spring between the part of the housing with which the spacer co-operates and the spacer there is provided a spring. The spring biases the canister towards the means to retain the other end of the canister thereby preventing longitudinal movement of the canister within the housing.
  • the spacer may be provided with a protrusion which co-operates with the side of the canister to prevent lateral movement thereof. Providing a selection of sizes of spacer enables canisters of different sizes to be used.
  • one end of the housing is threaded and the canister is held in the housing by means of a screw cap.
  • a screw cap Preferably, when a canister is in the housing, turning the screw cap moves the canister either towards or away from the nozzle and trigger mechanism.
  • the provision of a screw cap allows canisters of different dimensions to be held in the housing.
  • the screw cap may be provided with a convex surface.
  • Most aerosol canisters have a concave base. In use, the convex surface co-operates with the concave base of the aerosol canister to ensure that the canister is held in the correct position in the housing.
  • a nozzle may be slidably mounted at the end of the housing closest to the breach, a part of the nozzle preferably passing through an aperture in the housing.
  • the range of movement of the nozzle may be limited.
  • a part of the housing defines a cylinder, in which the nozzle moves.
  • the nozzle may be provided with a enlarged portion the dimensions of which enable the enlarged portion of the nozzle to slide on the inner surfaces of the said cylinder.
  • the lever of the trigger mechanism may be mounted on either or both sides of the housing. Alternatively, lever of the trigger mechanism may be mounted substantially towards the centre of the housing.
  • forward movement of the nozzle is limited by the trigger mechanism, and rearward movement of the nozzle is limited by a protrusion extending inwardly from the inner surface of the cylinder.
  • the protrusion may be a clip located in a groove in the inner surface of the cylinder.
  • a spring is preferably located between the nozzle and the said protrusion.
  • the spring may be a coil spring.
  • the safety catch may lock the lever of the trigger mechanism.
  • the safety catch may lock the nozzle, preventing movement thereof when the lever is pressed.
  • Means to move the safety catch between a safe position, where the release of the contents of the canister is prevented, and an unsafe position, where the release of the contents of the canister is permitted may be mounted on either or both sides of the housing.
  • a light unit may be provided and is preferably mounted on the housing.
  • the light unit is aligned with the sights of the gun.
  • the fluid may be an incapacitant such as incapacitants known in the art as CS, CN, CR or OC gas.
  • the fluid may contain a marker, such as a dye.
  • the fluid may be harmless, which is preferably used for the purposes of training users of guns equipped with a device according to the invention.
  • the invention provides a particularly advantageous solution to the increased level of violence faced by law enforcers.
  • the marksman using a weapon according to the invention is provided with a less than lethal option for establishing control over an assailant. This will reduce the number of law enforcers who are charged with using unreasonable and excessive force. Costs to law enforcing authorities will be reduced since the number of enquiries held after shooting incidents will be reduced. Also the trauma faced by the marksman whose role it is to shoot criminals will be reduced, because they will not need to shoot when they are in doubt as to the severity of the threat posed by the assailant. Use of the weapon will also reduce the number of criminals who are killed or injured, thereby saving valuable medical resources.
  • the personal risk faced by a law enforcer using a weapon according to the invention is considerably reduced. This is because there is no need to wrestle with the assailant if shooting him is not considered a suitable option.
  • the first effect is that the law enforcer does not face a physical battle in which the assailant may produce a knife.
  • the second is that the law enforcer does not need to worry about the assailant taking control of the weapon, because the assailant is kept at a distance.
  • the benefit of these advantages is multiplied where the assailant is physically more powerful than the law enforcer.
  • the number of law enforcers who are killed or injured in the course of their duties will be significantly reduced by the introduction of this invention.
  • FIGs 1 and 2 illustrate a semi-automatic weapon 2, to which there is attached a housing 3 comprising a nozzle 4 through which a jet of fluid may be ejected, the ejection thereof being controllable by trigger 6.
  • the weapon 2 is held in a firing position by a marksman 1.
  • the housing 9 may be made from any suitable metal or plastics material, and is formed in a casting process.
  • Housing 9 is adapted to replace the fore-end of the gun to which it is to be attached.
  • the base portion 12 thereof is adapted to slidably engage a protruding part of the gun to which the housing is to be attached.
  • Lip 11 is provided to limit vertical movement of the housing 9 when fitted to the gun.
  • Housing 9 is locked in place by a pin which passes through aperture 10 and locates in a corresponding aperture in the gun to which the housing is attached. The upper part of the housing fits around the barrel of the gun.
  • Housing 9 is provided at its front end with cylinder 13, the rear corners 14 of which are chamfered.
  • a groove is provided on the inner surface of cylinder 13.
  • a circular spring clip is releasably retained in the said groove.
  • the clip 15 together with the inner surface of cylinder 13 to the rear of clip 15 form a first means to retain aerosol canister 19.
  • Aerosol canister 19 is a standard aerosol canister, which is well known in the art and is therefore not described in detail. Housing 9 can accommodate different sizes of canister.
  • Canister 19 is held in place by spacer 17, which is provided with a lip which co-operates with the side of canister 19 to prevent lateral movement thereof, and is biased towards the base of canister 19 by spring 18 which is mounted on and acts against wall 8 of housing 9. Alignment of canister 19 within housing 9 is assured by protrusion 16 upon which canister 19 rests. To accommodate different sizes of aerosol, a spacer 17 of a different size may be used.
  • the base of cylinder 13 is provided with an aperture 23, in which nozzle 24 is slidably mounted.
  • An enlarged portion 25 of nozzle 24 slides within cylinder 13.
  • Aperture 23 runs through nozzle 24.
  • the diameter of aperture 23 varies along its length.
  • the rearmost end of aperture 23 is adapted to receive outlet 21 of aerosol 19, chamfering enabling easy insertion of outlet 21 into aperture 23.
  • a coil spring 22 is mounted between the front most surface of clip 15, and the rearmost surface of enlarged portion 25 of nozzle 24. The function of spring 22 is to bias nozzle 24 away from outlet 21.
  • the trigger mechanism comprises a pivot member 26 mounted forwardly of enlarged portion 25 of nozzle 24 on removable side plates 39. Firing pins 27 extend downwardly from pivot member 26 on either side of nozzle 24 and within cylinder 13. Trigger lever 28 is mounted on the righthand end of pivot member 26. As can be seen from Figure 5, the end of pivot member 26 is diamond shaped, so that movement of trigger lever 28 causes pivoting of pivot member 26 about its own axis. This in turn causes firing pins 27 to push against the forward surface of enlarged portion 25 of nozzle 25, thereby pushing nozzle 24 rearwardly. This in turn pushes outlet 21 into canister 19, which releases pressurized fluid therefrom. Screw 29 co-operates with an aperture in vertical member 32 which extends from pivot member 26.
  • Trigger lever 28 is provided with an aperture adapted to receive vertical member 32.
  • the left-hand end of pivot member 26 is provided with a head 30 and is held in place by a clip 31.
  • the trigger mechanism can be adapted for left-handed use by removing screw 29. This allows trigger lever 28 to be slid off pivot member 26. After removal of the nozzle 24 pivot member 26 can be removed by removing side plates 39. These parts can then be reassembled with the trigger lever on the left-hand side of the housing 9.
  • Safety catch 34 is arranged to lock the nozzle in place.
  • Safety catch 34 comprises a slidable shaft 35, each end of which is releasably attachable to a plate 34 provided with extension 33, and slidable within chambers 40. In the safe position shaft 35 co-operates with an indent in nozzle 24, thereby preventing movement thereof. As is illustrated in Figure 3, slidable shaft 35 has a portion 36 of reduced thickness. Pressing on extension 33 moves shaft 35 side ways, moving portion 36 of shaft 35 to a position beneath nozzle 24, and essentially centred on the centre line of nozzle 24. This permits nozzle 24 to move when actuated by the trigger mechanism.
  • a spring means may be provided in chamber 40 to bias plate 34 outwardly, and hence shaft 35 into a position where it co-operates with the indent in nozzle 24 to prevent movement thereof.
  • the provision of plates 34 at both ends of shaft 35 enables the safety catch to be operated by right or left-handed users.
  • FIG. 5 shows housing 9 equipped with a tactical light unit 38, which may be aligned with the sights of the gun to which housing 9 is to be mounted.
  • the pin To replace an aerosol canister 19, the pin must be removed from aperture 10, thereby allowing housing 9 to be pulled away from the rest of the gun. Spacer 17 is then removed which allows canister 19 to be moved rearwardly and removed from housing 9. A fresh canister 19 is then installed, first moving the outlet end thereof into co-operation with the inner surfaces of cylinder 13, and rear surface of clip 15. Spacer 17 is then inserted between spring 18 and the base of canister 19. Housing 9 is then re-attached to the gun by means of lip 11, end portion 12 and the pin which co-operates with aperture 10 in housing 9 and the gun.
  • a canister 41 comprising a can 42 having a collar 48, a base 49, and a bag 43 having a tube 45 therein, one end of the tube being connected to a valve assembly 44 to which is connected an outlet 47.
  • a valve assembly 44 there is fitted a cap 46.
  • Bag 43 contains a fluid 50 to be ejected through outlet 47.
  • the bag 43 is inserted into can 42.
  • a propellant fills the space between the bag 43 and the can 42.
  • Cap 46 fits into the collar 48 of the can 42 to provide a sealed aerosol canister.
  • This type of aerosol canister is available from IDC Systems AG of Switzerland.
  • the aerosol canister shown in Figure 7 is particularly useful be cause the canister need not be held upright to ensure ejection of the fluid 50.This is because the propellant squeezes the bag 43 thereby pressurizing its contents forcing them up the tube 45 and out of outlet 47 when the outlet 47 is depressed. Hence, if an assailant is above or below the officer he can still fire the weapon thereby causing fluid to be ejected onto the assailant. Aerosols which do not contain the fluid in a bag may fail to eject the contents thereof if not held substantially vertical, whereas the aerosol canister shown in Figure 7 functions irrespective of the angle at which it is held.
  • Figures 8 to 10 show a fluid ejection means 60 comprising a mounting means in the form of a housing 61 to mount a pressurized canister 74 to a rifle 83.
  • the housing 61 mounts a trigger 64 which is pivotally attached to the housing by means of a pin 63 which passes through holes 76 and 80 in the trigger and housing respectively.
  • Trigger 64 has a portion 65 which is shaped to accommodate a finger.
  • the longitudinal axis of the canister 74 i.e. the axis extending from the nozzle to the base of the canister, is at an angle of approximately 15 degrees to the vertical. Such an angle is sufficiently close to the vertical to permit the contents of most aerosol canisters to be ejected properly.
  • Housing 61 also comprises a trigger guard 66 and an elongate connector 62 which is so shaped and dimension as to fit into or on to a rail forming part of the fore-end of a gun.
  • a canister 74 fits into the body of housing 61 and is held in position by threaded cap 69, the said threads engaging with threads 68 of housing 61.
  • the canister By twisting cap 69, the canister can be raised or lowered, and furthermore, different sizes of canister can be used.
  • Nozzle 71 passes through a space, which may be an aperture, in trigger 64.
  • a lip 77 around the base of nozzle 71 prevents the nozzle from being pushed through the said space.
  • Nozzle 71 may be secured in the trigger 64, and may be releasably secured therein.
  • nozzle 71 comprises an outlet aperture the diameter of which increases to form a cavity 78 having faces 81 and 82.
  • the domed end 70 of cap 69 pushes the canister 74 upwards such that the upper rim of outlet 75 engages with the faces 81 and 82 of cavity 78.
  • the trigger 64 pivots about pin 63 moving the nozzle towards the canister 74 which causes the faces 81 and 82 to push the outlet 75 into the canister 74 thereby releasing fluid through cavity 78 and aperture 73.
  • Outlet 75 is biased to a fluid retaining position.
  • pressure on the shaped portion 65 is released, the outlet 75 moves upwards pushing the trigger upwards and preventing the flow of fluid out of the canister 74 and hence nozzle 71.
  • the canisters of most commonly available aerosol incapacitants have concave bases.
  • the domed end 70 of cap 69 also co-operates with the concave base of the canister held in housing 61 to ensure that the canister is held substantially centrally therein.
  • the domed shape of cap 69 and the provision of threads 68 enables different shapes of canister to be used in the same fluid ejection means 60.
  • a safety catch 67 passes through an aperture 79 in the housing 61.
  • the safety catch 67 may have a cut away portion and may be rotatable, so that when rotated to a firing position the trigger 64 can move into the space provided by the cut-away portion, but when in a safe position the surface of the safety catch prevents movement of the trigger 64.
  • Figure 10 shows a rifle 83 having a fore-grip 84 with a rail 85. Fluid ejection means 60 slides onto rail 85 of the fore-grip 85 of the rifle 83.
  • the fluid ejection means 60 shown in Figures 8 to 10 can be sold separately from the rifle 83, thereby allowing the weapon to be updated rather than replaced.
  • the fluid ejection means 60 may also be attached to a pistol.
  • the fluid ejection means may also be used separately when not attached to a gun, as a hand held device for delivering an incapacitant.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
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  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Arme (2) comprenant une arme à feu ayant un canon à travers lequel un projectile peut être propulsé et un moyen pour éjecter de façon sélective un courant de fluide dans une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe du canon, ledit moyen pour éjecter de façon sélective un courant de fluide comprenant un carter (9, 61) monté sur l'extrémité avant de l'arme à feu, un récipient sous pression (19, 41, 74) contenant le fluide et ayant une sortie (21), ledit récipient sous pression (19, 41, 74) étant monté de façon amovible à l'intérieur du carter (9, 61), un élément de buse (24, 71) à travers lequel ledit courant de fluide peut passer, et un mécanisme de déclenchement, ledit mécanisme comprenant un déclencheur (28, 64) pour permettre de façon sélective l'éjection de fluide à partir du récipient sous pression (19, 41, 74), le carter (9, 61) comprenant une sortie à travers laquelle une partie de l'élément de buse (24, 71) peut passer, et le carter supportant le mécanisme de déclenchement, caractérisé par le fait que le déclencheur (28, 64) est situé vers l'extrémité de bouche dudit canon, ce par quoi, lors de l'utilisation, ledit déclencheur (28, 64) est actionné par un doigt de la main de l'opérateur supportant l'extrémité avant de ladite arme.
  2. Arme selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le carter (9, 61) est apte à être attaché de façon libérable à l'extrémité avant de l'arme à feu.
  3. Arme selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, dans laquelle ledit moyen pour éjecter de façon sélective un courant de fluide est adapté pour assurer que, lors de l'activation du mécanisme de déclenchement, du fluide est éjecté du récipient sous pression (74).
  4. Arme selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle l'axe s'étendant de la sortie (75) à la base du récipient sous pression (74) est à un angle de sensiblement 75 degrés par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du canon de l'arme à feu.
  5. Arme selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le récipient sous pression (41) comprend un sac (43) contenant le fluide devant être éjecté, lequel sac est scellé autour d'une valve (44) et d'un tube plongeur (45), le sac étant monté à l'intérieur du récipient (41) et l'espace restant dans le récipient étant rempli d'un propulseur qui agit sur le sac pour éjecter le fluide hors du tube.
  6. Arme selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit moyen pour éjecter de façon sélective un courant de fluide est aligné avec la hausse de l'arme à feu à laquelle il est attaché de telle sorte que le fluide soit éjecté sensiblement vers le point de mire de l'arme à feu.
  7. Arme selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le récipient sous pression est un récipient aérosol.
  8. Arme selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la buse (24, 71) est interchangeable et/ou ajustable.
  9. Arme selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la buse (24, 71) est apte à être engagée avec la sortie (21, 47, 75) du récipient sous pression (19, 41, 74) et, lors de l'activation du mécanisme de déclenchement, la buse (24, 71) est déplacée vers le récipient (19, 41, 74) pour enfoncer la sortie de celui-ci provoquant l'éjection du contenu du récipient.
  10. Arme selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle la buse (24) est sollicitée à l'opposé de la sortie du récipient.
  11. Arme selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le fluide devant être éjecté est un incapacitant.
EP97919505A 1996-04-19 1997-04-21 Systeme d'arme constitue d'une arme a feu et d'un organe non letal de projection d'un jet de fluide Expired - Lifetime EP0890073B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9608205.2A GB9608205D0 (en) 1996-04-19 1996-04-19 Less than lethal weapons system
GB9608205 1996-04-19
PCT/GB1997/001094 WO1997040332A1 (fr) 1996-04-19 1997-04-21 Systeme d'arme constitue d'une arme a feu et d'un organe non letal de projection d'un jet de fluide

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0890073A1 EP0890073A1 (fr) 1999-01-13
EP0890073B1 true EP0890073B1 (fr) 2001-08-22

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EP (1) EP0890073B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU724350B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2286316C (fr)
DE (1) DE69706291T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0890073T3 (fr)
GB (1) GB9608205D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997040332A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11639842B2 (en) 2021-08-26 2023-05-02 Kenaniah El Bey Personal defense device

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US5427320A (en) * 1994-09-14 1995-06-27 Mak; David Water gun with sweeping shooting action

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU724350B2 (en) 2000-09-21
CA2286316C (fr) 2005-11-29
GB9608205D0 (en) 1996-06-26
AU2394997A (en) 1997-11-12
EP0890073A1 (fr) 1999-01-13
DE69706291D1 (de) 2001-09-27
CA2286316A1 (fr) 1997-10-30
DK0890073T3 (da) 2002-03-04
WO1997040332A1 (fr) 1997-10-30
DE69706291T2 (de) 2002-05-23

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