EP0884377A2 - Liquefied petroleum gas composition - Google Patents

Liquefied petroleum gas composition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0884377A2
EP0884377A2 EP98201892A EP98201892A EP0884377A2 EP 0884377 A2 EP0884377 A2 EP 0884377A2 EP 98201892 A EP98201892 A EP 98201892A EP 98201892 A EP98201892 A EP 98201892A EP 0884377 A2 EP0884377 A2 EP 0884377A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
petroleum gas
liquefied petroleum
composition
denaturant
concentration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98201892A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0884377B1 (en
EP0884377A3 (en
Inventor
Rodney Davies Davies
Derek Anthony Morse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority to EP19980201892 priority Critical patent/EP0884377B1/en
Publication of EP0884377A2 publication Critical patent/EP0884377A2/en
Publication of EP0884377A3 publication Critical patent/EP0884377A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0884377B1 publication Critical patent/EP0884377B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/12—Liquefied petroleum gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to liquefied petroleum gas which is a mixture of propane and butanes that can be liquefied under relatively low pressure and at ambient temperature.
  • liquefied petroleum gas is for example used as lighter fuel and as aerosol propellant.
  • the present invention relates in particular to deterring ingestion of liquefied petroleum gas by denaturating the liquefied petroleum gas.
  • the liquefied petroleum gas composition according to the present invention comprises liquefied petroleum gas and a denaturant composition comprising denatonium benzoate dissolved in a low molecular weight alcohol.
  • Denatonium benzoate the most bitter substance known to man, is a well known denaturant which is commercially available from McFarlan Smith Limited under the name Bitrex.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that the denatonium benzoate is insoluble in liquefied petroleum gas because it is a polar substance. Applicant had found, however, that a composition comprising denatonium benzoate dissolved in a low molecular weight alcohol is soluble in liquefied petroleum gas.
  • the term 'low molecular weight alcohol' is used to refer to an alcohol having an alkyl group with between 1 and 5 carbon atoms, and suitably between 1 and 3 carbon atoms.
  • Suitable low molecular weight alcohols are methanol and isopropyl alcohol.
  • the concentration of denatonium benzoate in the low molecular weight alcohol should not exceed 1 %m, and suitably the concentration is between 0.5 and 1 %m.
  • the concentration of the denaturant composition in the liquefied petroleum gas composition suitably is not more than 1 000 ppmm, and more suitably between 500 and 1 000 ppmm.
  • the concentration of denatonium benzoate in the low molecular weight alcohol is between 0.5 and 1 %m and the concentration of the denaturant composition is not more than 1 000 ppmm.
  • the concentration of denatonium benzoate in the low molecular alcohol is expressed in %m, for example 1 %m corresponds to 1 g denatonium benzoate in 100 g alcohol.
  • the concentration of denaturant composition in the liquefied petroleum gas composition is expressed in ppmm (parts per million based on mass), for example 1 000 ppmm of denaturant composition corresponds to 1 g of denaturant composition per kg of liquefied petroleum gas.
  • composition A remained stable for 48 hours under more stringent temperature conditions between -20 and +40 °C.
  • the denaturant composition of the present invention is soluble in liquefied petroleum gas, and that a stable solution can be prepared if the denaturant composition contains between 0.5 and 1 %m of denatonium benzoate.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

A liquefied petroleum gas composition comprising liquefied petroleum gas and a denaturant composition comprising denatonium benzoate dissolved in a low molecular weight alcohol.

Description

The present invention relates to liquefied petroleum gas which is a mixture of propane and butanes that can be liquefied under relatively low pressure and at ambient temperature. Such liquefied petroleum gas is for example used as lighter fuel and as aerosol propellant.
The present invention relates in particular to deterring ingestion of liquefied petroleum gas by denaturating the liquefied petroleum gas.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquefied petroleum gas composition which includes a denaturant composition which is soluble in liquefied petroleum gas.
To this end the liquefied petroleum gas composition according to the present invention comprises liquefied petroleum gas and a denaturant composition comprising denatonium benzoate dissolved in a low molecular weight alcohol.
Denatonium benzoate, the most bitter substance known to man, is a well known denaturant which is commercially available from McFarlan Smith Limited under the name Bitrex.
The present invention is based on the finding that the denatonium benzoate is insoluble in liquefied petroleum gas because it is a polar substance. Applicant had found, however, that a composition comprising denatonium benzoate dissolved in a low molecular weight alcohol is soluble in liquefied petroleum gas.
In the specification and in the claims, the term 'low molecular weight alcohol' is used to refer to an alcohol having an alkyl group with between 1 and 5 carbon atoms, and suitably between 1 and 3 carbon atoms. Suitable low molecular weight alcohols are methanol and isopropyl alcohol.
In order to obtain a stable solution of the denaturant composition in the liquefied petroleum gas, the concentration of denatonium benzoate in the low molecular weight alcohol should not exceed 1 %m, and suitably the concentration is between 0.5 and 1 %m.
Applicant had found that the denaturant composition is sufficiently active at low concentrations, therefore the concentration of the denaturant composition in the liquefied petroleum gas composition suitably is not more than 1 000 ppmm, and more suitably between 500 and 1 000 ppmm. Suitably in the liquefied petroleum gas composition the concentration of denatonium benzoate in the low molecular weight alcohol is between 0.5 and 1 %m and the concentration of the denaturant composition is not more than 1 000 ppmm.
The concentration of denatonium benzoate in the low molecular alcohol is expressed in %m, for example 1 %m corresponds to 1 g denatonium benzoate in 100 g alcohol. The concentration of denaturant composition in the liquefied petroleum gas composition is expressed in ppmm (parts per million based on mass), for example 1 000 ppmm of denaturant composition corresponds to 1 g of denaturant composition per kg of liquefied petroleum gas.
The invention will now be described by way of example in more detail with reference to the below example.
Several experiments had been carried out to establish the concentration of denatonium benzoate in the denaturant composition and the concentration of the denaturant composition in the liquefied petroleum gas composition which would ensure a solution that is stable during normal operating conditions.
Here normal operating conditions are storage of the liquefied petroleum gas in steel cylinders at temperatures between -5 to +20 °C, and a solution is considered to be stable when after being stored for six months the final amount of denatonium benzoate is 90 %m or more of the initial amount of denatonium benzoate in the liquefied petroleum gas.
The below Table summarises the results of the experiments.
Summary of the compositions used in the experiments and the results, DB refers to denatonium benzoate, MeOH refers to methanol, DC refers to denaturant composition and LPG refers to liquefied petroleum gas, and [X] means concentration of X.
Composition A Composition B
[DB] in MeOH 1 %m 2 %m
[DC] in LPG 1 000 ppmm 500 ppmm
[DB] in LPG 10 ppmm 10 ppmm
Result stable solution unstable solution
Furthermore composition A remained stable for 48 hours under more stringent temperature conditions between -20 and +40 °C.
From the above experiments, it can be concluded that the denaturant composition of the present invention is soluble in liquefied petroleum gas, and that a stable solution can be prepared if the denaturant composition contains between 0.5 and 1 %m of denatonium benzoate.

Claims (5)

  1. A liquefied petroleum gas composition comprising liquefied petroleum gas and a denaturant composition comprising denatonium benzoate dissolved in a low molecular weight alcohol.
  2. Liquefied petroleum gas composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low molecular weight alcohol is methanol or isopropyl alcohol.
  3. Liquefied petroleum gas composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the concentration of denatonium benzoate in the low molecular weight alcohol is between 0.5 and 1 %m.
  4. Liquefied petroleum gas composition according to any one of the claims 1-3, wherein the concentration of the denaturant composition is not more than 1 000 ppmm.
  5. Liquefied petroleum gas composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the concentration of denatonium benzoate in the low molecular weight alcohol is between 0.5 and 1 %m, and wherein the concentration of the denaturant composition is not more than 1 000 ppmm.
EP19980201892 1997-06-09 1998-06-08 Liquefied petroleum gas composition Expired - Lifetime EP0884377B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19980201892 EP0884377B1 (en) 1997-06-09 1998-06-08 Liquefied petroleum gas composition

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97303961 1997-06-09
EP97303961 1997-06-09
EP19980201892 EP0884377B1 (en) 1997-06-09 1998-06-08 Liquefied petroleum gas composition

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0884377A2 true EP0884377A2 (en) 1998-12-16
EP0884377A3 EP0884377A3 (en) 1999-06-02
EP0884377B1 EP0884377B1 (en) 2004-03-17

Family

ID=8229361

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19980201892 Expired - Lifetime EP0884377B1 (en) 1997-06-09 1998-06-08 Liquefied petroleum gas composition

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0884377B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69822367T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2217498T3 (en)
PL (1) PL187600B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999060077A1 (en) * 1998-05-15 1999-11-25 Macfarlan Smith Limited Hydrocarbon liquid formulation
WO2004024849A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-03-25 Dometic Ag Fuel composition

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2581732A (en) 2017-11-27 2020-08-26 Chemours Co Fc Llc Aerosol compositions

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4844713A (en) * 1987-07-05 1989-07-04 Fragrant Liquefied Butane Gas Producing Company Fragrant liquefied petroleum gas composition and the method of preparing the same

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2668420B2 (en) * 1988-11-07 1997-10-27 新高化学工業株式会社 Solid fuel with accidental eating prevention performance

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4844713A (en) * 1987-07-05 1989-07-04 Fragrant Liquefied Butane Gas Producing Company Fragrant liquefied petroleum gas composition and the method of preparing the same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section Ch, Week 9026 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class A95, AN 90-196131 XP002099312 & JP 02 127496 A (SHIN-KO KAGAKU KOGY) , 16 May 1990 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999060077A1 (en) * 1998-05-15 1999-11-25 Macfarlan Smith Limited Hydrocarbon liquid formulation
WO2004024849A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-03-25 Dometic Ag Fuel composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69822367D1 (en) 2004-04-22
EP0884377B1 (en) 2004-03-17
EP0884377A3 (en) 1999-06-02
ES2217498T3 (en) 2004-11-01
PL326693A1 (en) 1998-12-21
DE69822367T2 (en) 2005-02-17
PL187600B1 (en) 2004-08-31

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