EP0875591A1 - Verwendung einer biokompatiblen hautverträglichen Legierung - Google Patents
Verwendung einer biokompatiblen hautverträglichen Legierung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0875591A1 EP0875591A1 EP98890116A EP98890116A EP0875591A1 EP 0875591 A1 EP0875591 A1 EP 0875591A1 EP 98890116 A EP98890116 A EP 98890116A EP 98890116 A EP98890116 A EP 98890116A EP 0875591 A1 EP0875591 A1 EP 0875591A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- alloy
- alloy according
- carbon
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
- A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
- A44C27/00—Making jewellery or other personal adornments
- A44C27/001—Materials for manufacturing jewellery
- A44C27/002—Metallic materials
- A44C27/003—Metallic alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
Definitions
- the invention relates to a corrosion-resistant steel alloy for use as Material for objects that are at least partially or temporarily in Contact with the skin or body fluids of living beings, especially of people.
- Austenitic stainless steels are used very extensively and worldwide.
- the corrosion-resistant austenitic steels mostly contain essential ones Shares in nickel.
- nickel can be made from these steels through use extracted and as a corrosion product in the form of nickel ions in the body of Living things get there and trigger allergic reactions.
- Nickel allergy sufferers cause allergic reactions to nickel that manifest themselves, for example, in flushing, itching, eczema.
- European countries are already taking legislative measures that Prohibit the use of nickel-containing materials on and in the human body.
- Gold and titanium alloys are a substitute. But these are expensive and complex to manufacture.
- the patent DE 195 13 407 C1 (VSG 1996) describes other nickel-free austenitic stainless steels. A very central point is that the ones to be used nickel-free steels must contain at least 0.55% by weight nitrogen to compensate for the lack of austenitizing effects of nickel. The Patent also assumes that carbon is an undesirable Element in such alloys is because until today the generally recognized The doctrine is that carbon is used in austenitic stainless steels Corrosion resistance reduced. DE 195 13 407 therefore limits the Carbon content to a maximum of 0.3 percent by weight.
- the present invention is based on this completely new finding the task of solving the problem of neck allergy by using a to prevent austenitic stainless steel from targeting the beneficial effect of carbon, especially its contribution to increasing resistance against crevice corrosion.
- the remaining alloy elements in Austenitic stainless steel according to the invention are according to the one Well-known rules so restricted that the stability of the cubic face-centered crystal lattice is preserved and so the absence of Ferromagnetism as well as toughness and general corrosion resistance preserved and remain as high as possible.
- the application according to the invention builds up properties: Allergic reactions through nickel and other heavy metal ions (cobalt, chromium) avoided that the alloy to be used is extremely low in nickel and at the same time high is corrosion resistant.
- the triggering of allergic reactions Contact with the body initially occurs via a corrosion reaction of the Material with body fluids such as sweat or saliva.
- body fluids such as sweat or saliva.
- Nickel ions can be extracted from nickel-containing stainless steels.
- the next Step is the uptake of nickel ions through the skin or tissue and then the resolution of the allergic reaction. So it's not the metallic one Material, but its corrosion product that triggers the allergy reaction. Therefore, the application according to the invention uses a material that both is extremely low in nickel and highly corrosion-resistant.
- Another advantage of using the highly corrosion resistant Alloy according to the invention lies in the fact that it will in future be very wide Areas of application are the previously widespread nickel-containing austenitic can replace stainless alloys in an economical way because carbon one is a very cheap alloying element.
- nickel-containing austenitic steels By this replacement of the nickel-containing austenitic steels through nickel-free austenitic steels becomes steady increasing nickel levels of our environment rise less, so that too Static appearance of sensitization to nickel allergy, for example through ingestion food containing nickel, increases less rapidly.
- the application of the carbon-containing nickel-free according to the invention corrosion-resistant steel act twice: by avoiding the Release of nickel ions and other heavy metal ions (chromium, manganese) in the Contact with the body of living beings, on the other - in the sense of sustainable Technology - by lowering the general environmental nickel level, from to which individual researchers today report that he can raise awareness Allergy to nickel, for example through food. So sensitized Living beings then need nickel-free (lack of nickel) in the steels to whom it comes into contact, and that is why it needs it application of the steel according to the invention.
- the application of the steel according to the invention in contact with the body of Living beings are made more solid by another property of carbon Solution promoted in steel: carbon increases the strength of the steel Mixed crystal hardening and also increases the strengthening coefficient of the Material, so that high strengths can also be achieved by cold forming can.
- carbon increases the strength of the steel Mixed crystal hardening and also increases the strengthening coefficient of the Material, so that high strengths can also be achieved by cold forming can.
- Examples of such applications according to the invention are tooth correction wires, razor wires, surgical cutlery, implants and generally high-strength corrosion-resistant parts of objects, for example Sports equipment that triggers nickel allergic reactions when touched could.
- the uses of the alloy according to the invention accordingly include Applications on and in the human body of living beings where nickel allergy should not occur.
- the applications of the invention relate also medical devices, devices and implants, for example Braces, dental fillings, dental seals, tooth correction devices such as Wires, screws, plates as well as metallic fastenings and fixations in the Bodies, for example, picks, bone nails and temporary as well permanently installed or partially installed plates and screws for healing of broken bones, as well as cannulas, syringes, acupuncture needles, surgical and ophthalmic cutlery and devices to make holes in the body of Bringing in living beings, for example for earrings, so generally all Applications on and in the body, be it permanent or temporary.
- such components and also belong to the application of the alloy Devices that could cause nickel allergy by being close to the body of Living beings are used or touched by living beings.
- Rivets and buttons on clothes, belt fittings, jewelry, including Costume jewelry and body piercing jewelry such as earrings and Nose rings, lighters, hospital equipment, beds, railings, handrails, Door handles, cutlery, dishes, kitchen appliances as well as architectural and architectural components Transportation, as well as coins, generally the components that are made with bodies of Living creatures and their body fluids come into contact.
- the alloy according to the invention can be mixed with known metallurgical ones Process technologies are produced, for example by melting Normal pressure, printer melting, pressure electroslag remelting, by Powder metallurgy, including metal powder injection molding, as well as Surface layer.
- the alloy according to the invention is preferred in the solution-annealed and then deterred state used. Their strength can be reduced by cold working after solution annealing and quenching as well as through hardening be improved.
- the simultaneously high carbon and nitrogen content stabilize the face-centered cubic crystal lattice ("austenite") and thus cause that even after cold working the alloy of the invention maintains non-ferromagnetic properties.
- the effective amount% Cr + 3.3 (% Mo) + 20 (% N) + 20 (% C) a significant part of this corrosion resistance, namely 6.2 out of a total of 40.2 points, can be attributed to the carbon content in solid solution.
- the alloy has a yield strength of 510 MPa and a notched bar impact energy of 250 J, which means that, in comparison to other austenitic steels, it is extraordinarily strong and tough, and therefore also wear-resistant, in addition to its high corrosion resistance, and is therefore suitable for the above-mentioned applications.
- the alloy thus obtained was homogeneously austenitic and thus completely non-magnetic.
- This alloy has such a high corrosion resistance that crevice corrosion in acidic aqueous 6% FeCl 3 solution only begins at temperatures above 26 ° C.
- the active formula% Cr + 3.3 (% Mo) + 20 (% N) + 20 (% C) the carbon in solid solution contributes 7.0 points to the overall corrosion resistance of 45.7 points.
- the 0.35% carbon content causes the same increase in corrosion resistance as an additional 7% chromium content would otherwise.
- This nickel-free alloy has a yield strength of 530 MPa, so it is extremely strong for austenites and therefore also resistant to wear and, due to its combination of properties, suitable for the applications listed above.
- the alloy has a yield strength of 560 MPa and is, in comparison to other austenitic steels, extremely hard and strong in addition to its high corrosion resistance and is therefore suitable for the applications listed above.
- the alloy thus obtained was homogeneously austenitic and thus completely non-magnetic.
- This alloy has such a high resistance to corrosion that crevice corrosion in acidic aqueous 6% FeCl 3 solution only begins at temperatures above 60 ° C. This makes the alloy even more corrosion-resistant than the otherwise high-alloyed, very nickel-rich "Superaustenite" and therefore also suitable for the above-mentioned applications.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Mangan
- 5 bis 26 %%
- Chrom
- 11 bis 24 %
- Molybdän
- mehr als 2,5 und bis 6 %
- Stickstoff
- mehr als 0,2 und bis 2,0%
- Kohlenstoff
- mehr als 0,1 und bis 0,9,
Claims (9)
- Verwendung einer kohlenstoffhaltigen Stahllegierung mit (in Gewichtsprozent):
- Mangan
- 5 bis 26 %
- Chrom
- 11 bis 24 %
- Molybdän
- mehr als 2,5 und bis 6 %
- Stickstoff
- mehr als 0,2 und bis 2,0 %
- Kohlenstoff
- mehr als 0,1 und bis 0,9 %,
- Verwendung einer Legierung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese in Gewichts-Prozent
- Mangan
- 5 bis 16%
- Chrom
- 15 bis 22 %
- Molybdän
- mehr als 2,5 und bis 4,5%
- Stickstoff
- mehr als 0,2 und bis 2,0%
- Kohlenstoff
- mehr als 0,15 und bis 0,80%,
- Verwendung einer Legierung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß deren Nickelgehalt unter 0,5 Gew.-% liegt.
- Verwendung einer Legierung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß deren Nickelgewicht unter 0,25 Gew.-% liegt.
- Verwendung einer Legierung nach Anspruch 1,2,3 oder 4 im lösungsgeglühten Zustand für den Zweck nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zwischen den Temperaturen 950 ° C und 1260° lösungsgeglüht wurde.
- Verwendung einer Legierung nach Anspruch 1,2,3,4 oder 5 im lösungsgeglühten und nachfolgend abgeschreckten Zustand für den Zweck nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie kaltverformt wurde.
- Verwendung einer Legierung nach Anspruch 1,2,3 oder 4 im lösungsgeglühten und nachfolgend abgeschreckten sowie danach kaltverformten Zustand für den Zweck nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Legierung nach Kaltverformen nochmals angelassen wurde.
- Verwendung einer Legierung nach Anspruch 1,2,3,4,5,6 oder 7 für den Zweck nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Legierung nur als Oberflächenschicht ausgebildet ist.
- Verwendung einer Legierung nach Anspruch 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie während Herstellung und Gebrauch keine wirksamen Mengen von Nickelverbindungen oder Nickelionen abgibt, die in den Körper von Lebewesen durch die Nahrung aufgenommen werden und so zu Nickelallergie oder allergischen Reaktionen beitragen.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH99697 | 1997-04-29 | ||
CH99697 | 1997-04-29 | ||
CH99597 | 1997-04-29 | ||
CH996/97 | 1997-04-29 | ||
CH995/97 | 1997-04-29 | ||
CH99597 | 1997-04-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0875591A1 true EP0875591A1 (de) | 1998-11-04 |
EP0875591B1 EP0875591B1 (de) | 2000-08-23 |
Family
ID=25686333
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98890116A Expired - Lifetime EP0875591B1 (de) | 1997-04-29 | 1998-04-22 | Verwendung einer biokompatiblen hautverträglichen Legierung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0875591B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE195767T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59800246D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0875591T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2150813T3 (de) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2345491A (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2000-07-12 | Heymark Metals Limited | Improved steel composition |
US6682581B1 (en) | 1999-05-26 | 2004-01-27 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Nickel-poor austenitic steel |
US6682582B1 (en) | 1999-06-24 | 2004-01-27 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Nickel-poor austenitic steel |
EP2617839A1 (de) * | 2012-01-18 | 2013-07-24 | MeKo Laserstrahl-Materialbearbeitungen e.K. | Nickelfreie Eisenlegierung für Stents |
EP2676685A1 (de) * | 2012-06-18 | 2013-12-25 | Biotronik AG | Stent aus einer Eisenlegierung |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3147378A1 (de) | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-29 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. | Nickelfreier austenitischer edelstahl |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0640695A1 (de) * | 1992-07-07 | 1995-03-01 | BÖHLER Edelstahl GmbH | Korrosionsbeständige Legierung zur Verwendung als Werkstoff für in Berührungskontakt mit Lebewesen stehende Teile |
EP0641868A1 (de) * | 1993-09-03 | 1995-03-08 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Nichtmagnetische Eisenlegierung mit ausgezeichneten Korrosionsbeständigkeit und Bearbeitbarkeit |
-
1998
- 1998-04-22 DK DK98890116T patent/DK0875591T3/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-04-22 AT AT98890116T patent/ATE195767T1/de active
- 1998-04-22 DE DE59800246T patent/DE59800246D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-22 EP EP98890116A patent/EP0875591B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-22 ES ES98890116T patent/ES2150813T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0640695A1 (de) * | 1992-07-07 | 1995-03-01 | BÖHLER Edelstahl GmbH | Korrosionsbeständige Legierung zur Verwendung als Werkstoff für in Berührungskontakt mit Lebewesen stehende Teile |
EP0641868A1 (de) * | 1993-09-03 | 1995-03-08 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Nichtmagnetische Eisenlegierung mit ausgezeichneten Korrosionsbeständigkeit und Bearbeitbarkeit |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
MENZEL, J. ET AL.: "High nitrogen containing Ni-free austenitic steels for medical applications", ISIJ INTERNATIONAL, vol. 36, no. 7, 1996, pages 893 - 900, XP002074520 * |
UGGOWITZER, P.J. ET AL.: "Nickel free high nitrogen austenitic steels", ISIJ INTERNATIONAL, vol. 36, no. 7, 1996, pages 901 - 908, XP002074519 * |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6682581B1 (en) | 1999-05-26 | 2004-01-27 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Nickel-poor austenitic steel |
US6682582B1 (en) | 1999-06-24 | 2004-01-27 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Nickel-poor austenitic steel |
GB2345491A (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2000-07-12 | Heymark Metals Limited | Improved steel composition |
GB2345491B (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2000-12-06 | Heymark Metals Ltd | Improved steel composition |
EP2617839A1 (de) * | 2012-01-18 | 2013-07-24 | MeKo Laserstrahl-Materialbearbeitungen e.K. | Nickelfreie Eisenlegierung für Stents |
WO2013107730A1 (de) * | 2012-01-18 | 2013-07-25 | Meko Laserstrahl-Materialbearbeitungen E.K. | Nickelfreie eisenlegierung für stents |
EP2676685A1 (de) * | 2012-06-18 | 2013-12-25 | Biotronik AG | Stent aus einer Eisenlegierung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK0875591T3 (da) | 2000-10-23 |
DE59800246D1 (de) | 2000-09-28 |
ATE195767T1 (de) | 2000-09-15 |
EP0875591B1 (de) | 2000-08-23 |
ES2150813T3 (es) | 2000-12-01 |
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