EP0865527A1 - Method of dyeing continuous strips of textile fabric made of polyester fibre or mixtures of polyester with other fibres, and jigger for carrying out the mehod - Google Patents

Method of dyeing continuous strips of textile fabric made of polyester fibre or mixtures of polyester with other fibres, and jigger for carrying out the mehod

Info

Publication number
EP0865527A1
EP0865527A1 EP96934360A EP96934360A EP0865527A1 EP 0865527 A1 EP0865527 A1 EP 0865527A1 EP 96934360 A EP96934360 A EP 96934360A EP 96934360 A EP96934360 A EP 96934360A EP 0865527 A1 EP0865527 A1 EP 0865527A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dyeing
jigger
textile web
color index
dye
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96934360A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0865527B1 (en
Inventor
Drahomir Dvorsky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eduard Kuesters Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eduard Kuesters Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eduard Kuesters Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eduard Kuesters Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0865527A1 publication Critical patent/EP0865527A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0865527B1 publication Critical patent/EP0865527B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/32—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of open-width materials backwards and forwards between beaming rollers during treatment; Jiggers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a jigger for dyeing textile webs made of polyester fibers (PES fibers) or mixtures of PES fibers with other, natural fibers, in particular cellulose fibers such as cotton, but also linen, wool and others, and synthetic fibers such as Viscose fibers, among other things, in which a material web is unwound from a dock, passed through a dye bath and subsequently wound up again to a dock, and this process is repeated by reversing the direction of the web movement.
  • the dyeability of polyester fibers is considerably worse. This is given by their closed structure and their high degree of orientation. This results in a low swelling capacity and hydrophobic properties.
  • the polyester fiber contains no free dye-binding groups and has only a low affinity for water-soluble dyes.
  • dispersion dyes can be used for the polyester fibers, with which the polyester textiles are dyed according to the following three basic processes: 1) dyeing at temperatures up to 100 ° C. on dyeing machines operating at atmospheric pressure using special aids, the so-called “carriers”;
  • thermosol process mentioned under 3 has disadvantages because of the comparatively low liquor absorption of about 35% for dyeing textile webs made of 100% polyester fibers. In particular, the uniformity of the color absorption leaves something to be desired. In addition, the Thermosol process, like all continuous processes, is only economically suitable for larger dyeing batches.
  • Dyeing with the aid of carriers according to 1) was frequently used, especially in the first phase of the introduction of polyester fibers into textile production. However, its share has declined sharply today.
  • the carriers enable the PES fibers to swell sufficiently even at temperatures of 95 ° C. and thus promote dye diffusion into the PES fibers.
  • the carriers are mostly toxic and their use is not in line with environmental protection.
  • HT dyeing from 120 ° C to 130 ° C is therefore mainly used as the exhaust dyeing process.
  • Dyeing at temperatures above 100 ° C can, however, only be carried out on systems which are designed for an overpressure corresponding to the temperature range mentioned.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the dyeing of textile webs made of polyester and its mixtures.
  • a decisive factor for the dyeing of PES is the dyeing temperature.
  • pressureless (atmospheric) dyeing machines at most the boiling temperature of the fleet can be reached, which is known to depend on the height of the location above the sea.
  • the maximum achievable temperature in closed dyeing vessels is about 98 ° C. to 99 ° C., provided that the hood space of the jigger is perfectly sealed.
  • the textile web is brought to a saturated steam temperature of 100 ° C. after it emerges from the dyebath which is at the boiling temperature or immediately below the boiling temperature and is docked under these operating conditions - the temperature reached is thus, so to speak, "wrapped up" "and benefits the winding process.
  • the measure according to the invention ensures the most extreme temperature increase possible under atmospheric pressure and is used to improve the process result.
  • the invention allows textile webs comprising polyester fibers to be dyed with good depth of color and color fastness in a comparatively simple device which does not require a pressure-resistant housing and with comparatively low energy input, without requiring a large number of passes of the goods through the dyebath are.
  • the additional heating according to the invention is expediently carried out by inflating saturated steam (claim 2).
  • the dyeing success that can be achieved by the invention is increased by a suitable choice of dye. It will those disperse dyes are selected which diffuse into the polyester fiber under the conditions mentioned, ie at temperatures of about 100 ° C., and dye the same. The selection is also determined by meeting the following criteria: a) Dye yield when dyeing under atmospheric pressure at least 65% or more with 2% dyeing, ie with 2% of the fabric weight of dye in the liquor. b) Light fastness with the same color depth at least 5 (DIN 54004). c) Wash fastness at 60 ° C at least 4 / 4-5 / 4-5 (DIN 54010). d) authenticity in the reductive medium.
  • Color Index Disperse Yellow 3 such as Celliton Yellow G (BASF)
  • Color Index Disperse Yellow 60 such as Resolingelb RL (Bayer) Color Index Disperse Yellow 68 such as Samarong golden yellow HGL (Hoechst) - Color Index Disperse Orange 3 such as Celliton organisms GR (BASF) Color Index Disperse Red 1 such as Cibacet scarlet 2B (Ciba-Geigy) Color Index Disperse Red 50 such as Resolin scarlet RR (Bayer)
  • Color Index Disperse Violet 1 such as Cibacet violet 2R (Ciba-Geigy) Color Index Disperse Blue 81 such as Resolin blue GRL (Bayer)
  • these dyes are “small-molecule” dispersion dyes, that is to say “low energy” types with high migration capacity, ie dyes which require low energy for penetration into the fiber, and also have an acceptable fastness to sublimation. This applies - with certain restrictions - also to "medium molecular” disperse dyes, the “medium energy” types with sufficient migration ability and very good fastness to sublimation. Large molecular disperse dyes or "high energy” types with low migration capacity and maximum sublimation fastness generally prove to be less or not suitable.
  • the disperse dyes mentioned meet the criteria mentioned above. With these dyes, trichromas are also possible to the extent necessary. Adequate sublimation fastness is also guaranteed. Particularly in the case of the dye types mentioned, better dyeing results are achieved in conjunction with the additional heating, that is to say at higher dyeing temperatures.
  • An important further influencing factor for improving the dyeing result in the process according to the invention is the liquor ratio or the concentration gradient.
  • the concentration gradient affects the dye diffusion into the fiber. According to claim 4, dyeing should take place in the range from 1: 1.3 to 1: 2.5. This results in a doubling of the dye concentration in the dyeing liquor compared to conventional jiggers. This factor also contributes very significantly to the dye yield.
  • the jigger comprises two winding rollers 21, 22, between which a textile web 1 made of PES fibers is wound back and forth and between which two small basins 11 and 12, which can be used alternately or in the same pass, and between them a height-adjustable spreader Coating tube 13 are arranged. Furthermore, pressure rollers 14, 15 which can be pressed against the winding rollers 21 and 22 are provided with adjustable force and are intended to support a clean winding formation.
  • the housing 10 is suitably sealed against the ingress of or exchange with outside air. It has a pivotable access hatch 16 for changing lots.
  • the dyeing liquors 2, 3 in the basins 11, 12 are adjusted to such a temperature with the aid of heating registers 4 that are the same or only slightly, e.g. B. 1 ° C, is lower than the boiling temperature of the dyeing liquors under the prevailing atmospheric pressure conditions.
  • saturated steam-guiding steam spray pipes 18, 19 are provided with nozzles along their longitudinal extent such that in the area of the winding roller onto which the textile web is directed 1 of PES fibers is being docked (in the drawing, this is the winding roller 22), the textile web 1 is sprayed with saturated steam 24 over the entire web width.
  • the steam spray tubes 18 are arranged directly in front of the run-up point of the textile web 1 on the roll and act against this during winding of the side of the textile web 1 facing the roll, so that it immediately runs onto the roll as the temperature increases by a few degrees.
  • the steam spray pipes 19 act against the outer circumference of the winding.
  • heating can also be used to additionally heat the textile web 1.
  • This heating is also regulated by the control and regulating unit 17 with the aid of appropriate measuring devices.
  • Example 1 Material: 100% PES decorative fabric (pre-washed)

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The method described calls for a jigger to be used to dye a continuous strip of textile fabric (1) made of polyester (PES) fibre or a mixture of PES with other fibres. The dye bath (2, 3) is held at, or just below, the boiling point. Fitted in the enclosed steam space above the dye bath (2, 3) are pipes (18, 19) which direct jets of saturated steam at the fabric (1) as it is wound onto the roll round which fabric (1) is currently being wound.

Description

Verfahren zum Färben von Textilbahnen aus Polyesterfasern oder Gemischen aus Polyesterfasern mit anderen Fasern und entsprechender Jigger Process for dyeing textile webs from polyester fibers or mixtures of polyester fibers with other fibers and corresponding jiggers
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und einen Jigger zum Färben von Textilbahnen aus Polyesterfasern (PES-Fasern) oder Gemischen von PES-Fasern mit anderen, natürlichen Fa¬ sern, insbesondere celllulosischen Fasern wie Baumwolle, aber auch Leinen, Wolle u.a., und synthetischen Fasern wie Viskosefasern u.a., bei denen eine Warenbahn von einer Docke abgewickelt, durch ein Färbebad geleitet und nachfolgend zu einer Docke wieder aufgewickelt wird und sich dieser Vorgang jeweils durch Richtungsumkehr der Bahnbewegung wiederholt. Gegenüber anderen üblichen Textilfasem ist die Färb- barkeit von Polyesterfasern beträchtlich schlechter. Dies ist durch ihre geschlossene Struktur und ihren hohen Orien¬ tierungsgrad gegeben. Daraus folgen ein geringes Quellver- mögen und hydrophobe Eigenschaften. Außerdem enthält die Polyesterfaser keine freien farbstoffbindenden Gruppen und besitzt nur eine geringe Affinität zu wasserlöslichen Farb¬ stoffen.The invention relates to a method and a jigger for dyeing textile webs made of polyester fibers (PES fibers) or mixtures of PES fibers with other, natural fibers, in particular cellulose fibers such as cotton, but also linen, wool and others, and synthetic fibers such as Viscose fibers, among other things, in which a material web is unwound from a dock, passed through a dye bath and subsequently wound up again to a dock, and this process is repeated by reversing the direction of the web movement. Compared to other common textile fibers, the dyeability of polyester fibers is considerably worse. This is given by their closed structure and their high degree of orientation. This results in a low swelling capacity and hydrophobic properties. In addition, the polyester fiber contains no free dye-binding groups and has only a low affinity for water-soluble dyes.
Bis auf einige Ausnahmen sind für die Polyesterfasern nur Dispersionsfärben verwendbar, mit denen die Polyester- textilien nach folgenden drei Grundverfahren gefärbt werden: 1) Färben bei Temperaturen bis 100°C auf bei atmosphä¬ rischem Druck arbeitenden Färbemaschinen unter Verwendung spezieller Hilfsmittel, der sog. "Carrier";With a few exceptions, only dispersion dyes can be used for the polyester fibers, with which the polyester textiles are dyed according to the following three basic processes: 1) dyeing at temperatures up to 100 ° C. on dyeing machines operating at atmospheric pressure using special aids, the so-called “carriers”;
2) Färben bei Temperaturen zwischen 120°C und 130°C auf bei erhöhtem Druck arbeitenden sog. HT-Färbemaschinen;2) dyeing at temperatures between 120 ° C and 130 ° C on so-called HT dyeing machines operating at elevated pressure;
3) Thermosolverfahren, bei dem der auf das Material aufgetragene Farbstoff durch Trockenhitze im Temperaturbe¬ reich von 190°C bis 220°C fixiert wird.3) Thermosol process, in which the dye applied to the material is fixed by dry heat in the temperature range from 190 ° C. to 220 ° C.
Das unter 3) genannte Thermosol-Verfahren ist wegen der vergleichsweise geringen Flottenaufnahme von etwa 35 % für das Färben von zu 100 % aus Polyesterfasern bestehenden Textilbahnen mit Nachteilen behaftet. Insbesondere läßt die Gleichmäßigkeit der Farbaufnahme zu wünschen übrig. Außerdem ist das Thermosol-Verfahren wie alle kontinuierlichen Ver- fahren ökonomisch nur für größere Färbepartien geeignet.The thermosol process mentioned under 3) has disadvantages because of the comparatively low liquor absorption of about 35% for dyeing textile webs made of 100% polyester fibers. In particular, the uniformity of the color absorption leaves something to be desired. In addition, the Thermosol process, like all continuous processes, is only economically suitable for larger dyeing batches.
Das Färben mit Hilfe von Carriern gemäß 1) wurde vor allem in der ersten Phase der Einführung der Polyesterfasern in die Textilproduktion häufig ausgenutzt. Heute ist jedoch sein Anteil stark zurückgegangen. Die Carrier ermöglichen ein ausreichendes Quellen der PES-Fasern schon beim Tempera¬ turen von 95°C und fördern so die Farbstoffdiffusion in die PES-Faser. Die Carrier sind jedoch meistens toxisch und ihr Einsatz ist nicht im Einklang mit dem Umweltschutz.Dyeing with the aid of carriers according to 1) was frequently used, especially in the first phase of the introduction of polyester fibers into textile production. However, its share has declined sharply today. The carriers enable the PES fibers to swell sufficiently even at temperatures of 95 ° C. and thus promote dye diffusion into the PES fibers. However, the carriers are mostly toxic and their use is not in line with environmental protection.
Als Auszieh-Färbeverfahren wird deshalb vorwiegend das HT-Färben von 120°C bis 130°C verwendet. Färben bei Tempera¬ turen über 100°C ist jedoch nur auf Anlagen durchführbar, die für einen dem angeführten Temperaturbereich entsprechen¬ den Überdruck konstruiert sind.HT dyeing from 120 ° C to 130 ° C is therefore mainly used as the exhaust dyeing process. Dyeing at temperatures above 100 ° C can, however, only be carried out on systems which are designed for an overpressure corresponding to the temperature range mentioned.
So ist es bekannt, für das Färben PES-Fasern mit Dis- persionsfarbstoffen einen sogenannten HT-Jigger zu verwen¬ den, der eine Färbetemperatur im Bereich von 120° C bis 130° C ermöglicht. Zu diesem Zweck muß das Gehäuse des Jiggers einem Dampfdruck zwischen etwa 2 und 5 Bar standhalten. Entsprechend aufwendig sind die Konstruktion und der Betrieb einer solchen Anlage. Davon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrun¬ de, das Färben von Textilbahnen aus Polyester und seinen Gemischen zu verbessern.It is known to use a so-called HT jigger for dyeing PES fibers with disperse dyes, which enables a dyeing temperature in the range from 120 ° C. to 130 ° C. For this purpose the jigger housing has to withstand a steam pressure between about 2 and 5 bar. The construction and operation of such a system are correspondingly complex. Based on this, the object of the invention is to improve the dyeing of textile webs made of polyester and its mixtures.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen.To achieve this object, a method with the features of claim 1 is proposed.
Ein ausschlaggebender Faktor für das Färben von PES ist die Färbetemperatur. In drucklosen (atmosphärischen) Färbe¬ maschinen kann höchstens die Kochtemperatur der Flotte er¬ reicht werden, die bekanntlich von der Höhe des Standorts über dem Meer abhängig ist. Bei einer Höhe ü.M. von etwa 300 m liegt die maximale erreichbare Temperatur in geschlossenen Färbegefäßen bei etwa 98°C bis 99°C, und zwar unter Voraus¬ setzung einer perfekten Abdichtung des Haubenraumes des Jiggers . Bei der Erfindung wird die Textilbahn nach ihrem Aus¬ treten aus dem auf Siedetemperatur oder unmittelbar unter¬ halb der Siedetemperatur sich befindenden Färbebad durch Zuführen von Wärmeenergie auf Sattdampftemperatur von 100°C gebracht und unter diesen Betriebsbedingungen aufgedockt - die erreichte Temperatur wird also sozusagen "eingewickelt" und kommt dem Aufziehvorgang zugute. Schon ein Temperaturge¬ winn von nur wenigen Grad führt zu einer merklichen Erhöhung der Farbstoffausbeute von mehreren Prozent. Es wird durch die erfindungsgemäße Maßnahme die äußerste unter Atmosphä- rendruck mögliche Temperaturerhöhung sichergestellt und zur Verbesserung des Verfahrensergebnisses genutzt. Die Erfin¬ dung gestattet es, Polyesterfasern umfassende Textilbahnen bei guter Farbtiefe und Farbechtheit in einer vergleichs¬ weise einfachen, keine druckfesten Gehäuse benötigenden Vorrichtung und unter vergleichsweise geringem Energieein¬ satz zu färben, ohne daß eine hohe Anzahl der Durchgänge der Ware durch das Färbebad erforderlich sind.A decisive factor for the dyeing of PES is the dyeing temperature. In pressureless (atmospheric) dyeing machines, at most the boiling temperature of the fleet can be reached, which is known to depend on the height of the location above the sea. At a height above sea level of about 300 m, the maximum achievable temperature in closed dyeing vessels is about 98 ° C. to 99 ° C., provided that the hood space of the jigger is perfectly sealed. In the invention, the textile web is brought to a saturated steam temperature of 100 ° C. after it emerges from the dyebath which is at the boiling temperature or immediately below the boiling temperature and is docked under these operating conditions - the temperature reached is thus, so to speak, "wrapped up" "and benefits the winding process. Even a temperature gain of only a few degrees leads to a noticeable increase in the dye yield of several percent. The measure according to the invention ensures the most extreme temperature increase possible under atmospheric pressure and is used to improve the process result. The invention allows textile webs comprising polyester fibers to be dyed with good depth of color and color fastness in a comparatively simple device which does not require a pressure-resistant housing and with comparatively low energy input, without requiring a large number of passes of the goods through the dyebath are.
Die erfindungsgemäße zusätzliche Aufheizung erfolgt zweckmäßig durch das Aufblasen von Sattdampf (Anspruch 2). Der durch die Erfindung erzielbare Färberfolg wird durch eine geeignete Fabstoffauswahl gesteigert. Es werden solche Dispersionsfarbstoffe ausgewählt, die unter den ange¬ führten Bedingungen, d.h. bei Temperaturen von etwa 100°C in die Polyesterfaser diffundieren und dieselbe färben. Die Auswahl wird außerdem durch Erfüllung folgender Kriterien bestimmt: a) Farbstoffausbeute beim Färben unter atmosphärischem Druck mindestens 65 % oder mehr bei 2 %iger Färbung, d.h. bei 2 % des Warengewichts an Farbstoff in der Flotte. b) Lichtechtheit bei der gleichen Farbtiefe mindestens 5 (DIN 54004) . c) Waschechtheit bei 60°C mindestens 4/4-5/4-5 (DIN 54010) . d) Echtheit im reduktiven Medium.The additional heating according to the invention is expediently carried out by inflating saturated steam (claim 2). The dyeing success that can be achieved by the invention is increased by a suitable choice of dye. It will those disperse dyes are selected which diffuse into the polyester fiber under the conditions mentioned, ie at temperatures of about 100 ° C., and dye the same. The selection is also determined by meeting the following criteria: a) Dye yield when dyeing under atmospheric pressure at least 65% or more with 2% dyeing, ie with 2% of the fabric weight of dye in the liquor. b) Light fastness with the same color depth at least 5 (DIN 54004). c) Wash fastness at 60 ° C at least 4 / 4-5 / 4-5 (DIN 54010). d) authenticity in the reductive medium.
Als in diesem Sinn besonders vorteilhaft für das Färben von Textilbahnen aus PES-Fasern nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren haben sich die folgenden Farbstofftypen aus der Gruppe der Dispersionsfarbstoffe erwiesen (Anspruch 3):In this sense, the following types of dyes from the group of disperse dyes have proven to be particularly advantageous for dyeing textile webs from PES fibers (claim 3):
Colour Index Disperse Yellow 3 wie z.B. Cellitongelb G (BASF)Color Index Disperse Yellow 3 such as Celliton Yellow G (BASF)
Colour Index Disperse Yellow 60 wie z.B. Resolingelb RL (Bayer) Colour Index Disperse Yellow 68 wie z.B. Samarongoldgelb HGL (Hoechst) - Colour Index Disperse Orange 3 wie z.B. Cellitonorgange GR (BASF) Colour Index Disperse Red 1 wie z.B. Cibacetscharlach 2B (Ciba-Geigy) Colour Index Disperse Red 50 wie z.B. Resolinscharlach RR (Bayer)Color Index Disperse Yellow 60 such as Resolingelb RL (Bayer) Color Index Disperse Yellow 68 such as Samarong golden yellow HGL (Hoechst) - Color Index Disperse Orange 3 such as Celliton organisms GR (BASF) Color Index Disperse Red 1 such as Cibacet scarlet 2B (Ciba-Geigy) Color Index Disperse Red 50 such as Resolin scarlet RR (Bayer)
Colour Index Disperse Violet 1 wie z.B. Cibacetviolett 2R (Ciba-Geigy) Colour Index Disperse Blue 81 wie z.B. Resolinblau GRL (Bayer) Diese Farbstoffe sind im weitesten Sinne "kleinmoleku¬ lare" Dispersionsfarbstoffe, also "Low energy" Typen mit hohem Migrationsvermögen, d.h. Farbstoffe, die eine geringe Energie für das Eindringen in die Faser benötigen, sowie akzeptabler Sublimierechtheit. Dies gilt - mit gewissen Einschränkungen - auch für "mittelmolekulare" Dispersions¬ farbstoffe, die "medium energy" Typen mit ausreichendem Migrationsvermögen sowie sehr guter Sublimierechtheit. Gro߬ molekulare Dispersionsfarbstoffe oder "high energy" Typen mit geringem Migrationsvermögen und maximaler Sublimierecht¬ heit erweisen sich in der Regel als weniger bis nicht ge¬ eignet.Color Index Disperse Violet 1 such as Cibacet violet 2R (Ciba-Geigy) Color Index Disperse Blue 81 such as Resolin blue GRL (Bayer) In the broadest sense, these dyes are “small-molecule” dispersion dyes, that is to say “low energy” types with high migration capacity, ie dyes which require low energy for penetration into the fiber, and also have an acceptable fastness to sublimation. This applies - with certain restrictions - also to "medium molecular" disperse dyes, the "medium energy" types with sufficient migration ability and very good fastness to sublimation. Large molecular disperse dyes or "high energy" types with low migration capacity and maximum sublimation fastness generally prove to be less or not suitable.
Die genannten Dispersionsfarbstoffe erfüllen die vor¬ stehend erwähnten Kriterien. Mit diesen Farbstoffen sind auch Trichromien in dem erforderlichen Umfang möglich. Au¬ ßerdem wird eine ausreichende Sublimierechtheit gewährlei¬ stet. Besonders bei den genannten Farbstofftypen werden im Zusammenwirken mit der zusätzlichen Aufheizung, also bei höheren Färbetemperaturen, bessere Färbeergebnisse erzielt. Ein wichtiger weiterer Einflußfaktor zur Verbesserung des Färbeergebnisses bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist das Flottenverhältnis bzw. das Konzentrationsgefälle. Das Konzentrationsgefälle beeinflußt die Farbstoffdiffusion in die Faser. Gemäß Anspruch 4 sollte im Bereich der Flottenverhält¬ nisse von 1 : 1,3 bis 1 : 2,5 gefärbt werden. Daraus ergibt sich eine Verdoppelung der Farbstoffkonzentration in der Färbeflotte gegenüber den herkömmlichen Jiggern. Dieser Faktor beteiligt sich auch sehr deutlich an der Farbstoff- ausbeute.The disperse dyes mentioned meet the criteria mentioned above. With these dyes, trichromas are also possible to the extent necessary. Adequate sublimation fastness is also guaranteed. Particularly in the case of the dye types mentioned, better dyeing results are achieved in conjunction with the additional heating, that is to say at higher dyeing temperatures. An important further influencing factor for improving the dyeing result in the process according to the invention is the liquor ratio or the concentration gradient. The concentration gradient affects the dye diffusion into the fiber. According to claim 4, dyeing should take place in the range from 1: 1.3 to 1: 2.5. This results in a doubling of the dye concentration in the dyeing liquor compared to conventional jiggers. This factor also contributes very significantly to the dye yield.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung eines derartigen 2-Becken-Jiggers näher erläutert, die eine perspektivische, zum Teil aufgebrochene und schematisierte Darstellung eines in seinen Grundelemen- ten bekannten Jiggers erkennen läßt. Der Jigger umfaßt in einem Gehäuse 10 zwei Wickelwalzen 21,22, zwischen denen eine Textilbahn 1 aus PES-Fasern hin- und hergewickelt wird und zwischen denen zwei kleine im Wechsel oder im gleichen Durchlauf nacheinander einsetzbare Becken 11 und 12 sowie dazwischen ein höhenverstellbares Breitstreck-Streichrohr 13 angeordnet sind. Ferner sind mit einstellbarer Kraft gegen die Wickelwalzen 21 und 22 anpre߬ bare Andrückwalzen 14, 15 vorgesehen, die eine saubere Wik- kelausbildung unterstützen sollen. Das Gehäuse 10 ist in geeigneter Weise gegen das Eindringen von bzw. den Austausch mit Außenluft wirkungsvoll abgedichtet. Es weist für den Partienwechsel eine verschwenkbare Zutrittsluke 16 auf.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing of such a two-tank jigger, which shows a perspective, partially broken-open and schematic representation of a jigger known in its basic elements. In a housing 10, the jigger comprises two winding rollers 21, 22, between which a textile web 1 made of PES fibers is wound back and forth and between which two small basins 11 and 12, which can be used alternately or in the same pass, and between them a height-adjustable spreader Coating tube 13 are arranged. Furthermore, pressure rollers 14, 15 which can be pressed against the winding rollers 21 and 22 are provided with adjustable force and are intended to support a clean winding formation. The housing 10 is suitably sealed against the ingress of or exchange with outside air. It has a pivotable access hatch 16 for changing lots.
Mittels einer Steuerungs- und Regeleinheit 17 sowie zugehörigen und in der Zeichnung nicht eigens dargestellten Temperaturfühlern werden die Färbeflotten 2, 3 in den Becken 11,12 unter Zuhilfenahme von Heizregistern 4 auf eine solche Temperatur eingeregelt, die gleich oder nur geringfügig, z. B. 1° C, kleiner als die Siedetemperatur der Färbeflotten unter den herrschenden atmosphärischen Druckbedingungen ist. Im Raum oberhalb der Färbebecken 11 und 12, von denen auch nur ein einziges verwendet werden kann, sind entlang ihrer Längserstreckung mit Düsen versehene, Sattdampf füh¬ rende Dampfsprüh-Rohre 18, 19 derart angeordnet, daß im Bereich der Wickelwalze, auf die die Textilbahn 1 aus PES- Fasern gerade aufgedockt wird (in der Zeichnung ist dies die Wickelwalze 22) die Textilbahn 1 über die gesamte Bahnbreite mit Sattdampf 24 bedüst wird. Die Dampfsprüh-Rohre 18 sind unmittelbar vor der Auflaufstelle der Textilbahn 1 auf den Wickel angeordnet und wirken gegen diese beim Aufwickeln dem Wickel zugewandten Seite der Textilbahn 1, so daß diese mit der erreichten Temperatursteigerung um einige Grad sogleich auf den Wickel aufläuft. Die Dampfsprüh-Rohre 19 wirken gegen den Außenumfang des Wickels . Mit dieser Bedüsung wird die Temperatur zumindest in der der Docke zulaufenden Zone der Textilbahn 1 sowie am Umfang der Docke auf Sattdampf¬ temperatur gesteigert. Es versteht sich, daß diese Satt- dampfbedüsung auch beim Abziehen der PES-Textilbahn von der entsprechenden Docke (in der Zeichnung von der Wickelwalze 21) vorteilhaft fortgesetzt werden kann.By means of a control and regulating unit 17 and associated temperature sensors, which are not specifically shown in the drawing, the dyeing liquors 2, 3 in the basins 11, 12 are adjusted to such a temperature with the aid of heating registers 4 that are the same or only slightly, e.g. B. 1 ° C, is lower than the boiling temperature of the dyeing liquors under the prevailing atmospheric pressure conditions. In the space above the dyeing basins 11 and 12, of which only a single one can be used, saturated steam-guiding steam spray pipes 18, 19 are provided with nozzles along their longitudinal extent such that in the area of the winding roller onto which the textile web is directed 1 of PES fibers is being docked (in the drawing, this is the winding roller 22), the textile web 1 is sprayed with saturated steam 24 over the entire web width. The steam spray tubes 18 are arranged directly in front of the run-up point of the textile web 1 on the roll and act against this during winding of the side of the textile web 1 facing the roll, so that it immediately runs onto the roll as the temperature increases by a few degrees. The steam spray pipes 19 act against the outer circumference of the winding. With this spraying, the temperature is increased to saturated steam temperature at least in the zone of the textile web 1 running towards the dock and at the periphery of the dock. It is understood that these Steam spraying can also advantageously be continued when the PES textile web is pulled off the corresponding dock (in the drawing by the winding roller 21).
Grundsätzlich sind auch andere Beheizungsverfahren zum zusätzlichen Aufheizen der Textilbahn 1 einsetzbar. Die Regelung dieser Beheizung erfolgt ebenfalls durch die Steu¬ er- und Regeleinheit 17 unter Zuhilfenahme entsprechender Meßvorrichtungen.In principle, other heating methods can also be used to additionally heat the textile web 1. This heating is also regulated by the control and regulating unit 17 with the aid of appropriate measuring devices.
Als von erheblichem Vorteil hat sich der Zusatz von sogenannten Filmbildnern zur Färbeflotte für PES-Fasern in den Becken 11,12 erwiesen. Durch Zusatz fumbildender Mittel auf der Basis von Acrylamidpolymeren konnte die Flottenauf¬ nahme um 10 % erhöht werden. Die größere Flottenmenge wirkte sich innerhalb des Warenwickels als besonders vorteilhaft aus, weil das Farbstoffangebot während der Verweilzeit auf der Docke höher war und die Farbstoffdiffusion beschleunigt wurde. Außerdem wurde eine bessere Egalität der Färbung festgestellt. Bereits 3 bis 5 g eines Filmbildners auf der Basis von Acrylamidpolymeren pro Liter Färbeflotte reichte hierfür aus .The addition of so-called film formers to the dyeing liquor for PES fibers in the basins 11, 12 has proven to be of considerable advantage. By adding film-forming agents based on acrylamide polymers, the liquor absorption could be increased by 10%. The larger amount of liquor had a particularly advantageous effect in the goods winding because the dye supply was higher during the stay on the dock and the dye diffusion was accelerated. In addition, a better level of coloration was found. 3 to 5 g of a film former based on acrylamide polymers per liter of dye liquor was sufficient for this.
Auf dem beschriebenen Jigger wurden folgende Färbever¬ suche gefahren:The following dyeing tests were carried out on the jigger described:
Beispiel 1; Material: Dekostoff aus 100 % PES (vorgewaschen)Example 1; Material: 100% PES decorative fabric (pre-washed)
1200 m, 246,4 kg Färbeflotte: 400 1 Flottenverhältnis: 1 : 1,621200 m, 246.4 kg dye liquor: 400 1 liquor ratio: 1: 1.62
Färberezeptur: Disperse Orange 3 1,2 % Disperse Blue 81 0,55 %Coloring formula: Disperse Orange 3 1.2% Disperse Blue 81 0.55%
Polymerisationsprodukt aufPolymerization product
Acrylamidbasis 4 g/1 pH 5,5Acrylamide base 4 g / 1 pH 5.5
Temperatur Flotte RaumTemperature fleet room
Passage 1,2 Farbstoff dosieren 70°C 70°C 3,4 Färben 90°C 90°C 5-8 Färben 99°C 100°C 9 heiss Spülen 80°C 80°C 10,11 reduktive Reinigung 60°C 60°CPassage 1,2 dye dose 70 ° C 70 ° C 3.4 dyeing 90 ° C 90 ° C 5-8 dyeing 99 ° C 100 ° C 9 hot rinsing 80 ° C 80 ° C 10.11 reductive cleaning 60 ° C 60 ° C
NaOH 2 g/1 NaOH 2 g / 1
12 heiss Spülen 60°C 60°C 13 Spülen 40°C 40°C12 hot rinsing 60 ° C 60 ° C 13 rinsing 40 ° C 40 ° C
14,15 kalt Spülen 20°C 20°C Geschwindigkeit : beim Färben 80 m/min. Spülen 140 m/min.14.15 cold rinsing 20 ° C 20 ° C speed: during dyeing 80 m / min. Rinsing 140 m / min.
Beispiel 2:Example 2:
Material: Gewebe aus 100 % PES 2150 m, 395 kgMaterial: 100% PES fabric, 2150 m, 395 kg
Färbeflotte: 650 1 Flottenverhältnis: 1 : 1,65Dyeing liquor: 650 1 liquor ratio: 1: 1.65
Farbrezeptur: Disperse Yellow 60 0,21 %Color formulation: Disperse Yellow 60 0.21%
Disperse Red 50 0,15 % Disperse Violett 0,62 %Disperse Red 50 0.15% Disperse Violet 0.62%
PH 5,5PH 5.5
Temperaturtemperature
Flotte RaumBrisk space
Passage 1,2 Farbstoff dosieren 70°C 70°C 3-8 Färben 99°C 100°CPassage 1.2 dye dosing 70 ° C 70 ° C 3-8 dyeing 99 ° C 100 ° C
9 heiss Spülen 80°C 80°C9 hot rinsing 80 ° C 80 ° C
10 60°C 60°C10 60 ° C 60 ° C
11 40°C 40°C11 40 ° C 40 ° C
12 kalt Spülen 20°C 20°C Geschwindigkeit : Färben 100 m/min.12 cold rinsing 20 ° C 20 ° C speed: dyeing 100 m / min.
Spülen 140 m/min. Rinsing 140 m / min.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Verfahren zum Färben von Textilbahnen aus Polye¬ sterfasern (PES-Fasern) oder Gemischen von PES-Fasern mit anderen Fasern in einem Färbebad in einem Jigger, bei dem die Textilbahn von dem einen Wickel des Jig- gers abgewickelt und durch das Färbebad hindurchgeleitet und sogleich anschließend auf den anderen Wickel des Jig- gers wieder aufgewickelt wird, wobei die Wickelrichtung nach dem Durchlauf der Länge der Textilbahn umkehrbar ist, und bei dem das Färben unter atmosphärischen Druck ohne Luftzutritt oder Austausch mit der Umgebungsatmosphäre derart erfolgt, daß im Färbebad die Siedetemperatur der Farbflotte oder eine Temperatur von unmittelbar unterhalb der Siedetemperatur aufrechterhalten wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Textilbahn zumindest unmittelbar vor dem Auflaufen auf den jeweils aufwickelnden Wickel zusätzlich aufgeheizt wird.1. Process for dyeing textile webs made of polyester fibers (PES fibers) or mixtures of PES fibers with other fibers in a dye bath in a jigger, in which the textile web is unwound from the one wrap of the jigger and passed through the dye bath and is then immediately rewound onto the other winder of the jigger, the winding direction being reversible after passing through the length of the textile web, and in which dyeing takes place under atmospheric pressure without air access or exchange with the ambient atmosphere in such a way that the dye bath in the dye bath Boiling temperature of the dye liquor or a temperature of directly below the boiling temperature is maintained, characterized in that the textile web is additionally heated, at least immediately before it runs onto the respective winding.
2. Färbeverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß das Aufheizen durch Aufblasen von Sattdampf auf die Textilbahn im Aufwickelspalt erfolgt. io2. dyeing method according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the heating is carried out by blowing saturated steam onto the textile web in the winding nip. io
3. Färbeverfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Färbebad ein oder mehrere der Farbstofftypen zugegen sind:3. Dyeing process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one or more of the dye types are present in the dye bath:
Colour Index Disperse Yellow 3Color Index Disperse Yellow 3
Colour Index Disperse Yellow 60Color Index Disperse Yellow 60
Colour Index Disperse Yellow 68Color Index Disperse Yellow 68
Colour Index Disperse Orange 3Color Index Disperse Orange 3
Colour Index Disperse Red 1Color Index Disperse Red 1
Colour Index Disperse Red 50Color Index Disperse Red 50
Colour Index Disperse Violet 1Color Index Disperse Violet 1
Colour Index Disperse Blue 81Color Index Disperse Blue 81
4. Färbeverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Flottenverhältnis 1 : 1,3 bis 1 : 2,5 beträgt.4. Dyeing process according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the liquor ratio is 1: 1.3 to 1: 2.5.
5. Färbeverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Färbeflotte ein das Flot¬ tentragevermögen auf der Textilbahn aus PES-Fasern erhö¬ hender Filmbildner zugegeben wird.5. Dyeing process according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the dyeing liquor is added a film former which increases the float capacity on the textile web of PES fibers.
6. Färbeverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch einen Filmbildner auf der Basis von Acrylamidpolymeren.6. Dyeing process according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that by a film former based on acrylamide polymers.
7. Jigger zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, mit einem für den Partienaustausch zugänglichen an¬ sonsten abgedichteten Gehäuse (10), mit zwei in dem Gehäuse (10) drehbar gelagerten, im Wechsel antreibbaren Wickelwalzen (21,22), zwischen denen die Textilbahn (1) hin- und herwickelbar ist, mit mindestens einem Färbebad, durch welches die Textilbahn (1) beim Umwickeln hindurchleitbar ist und mit einer Beheizungseinrichtung (17,4) zum Halten des Färbebades auf der Siedetemperatur der Färbeflotte (2,3) oder auf einer Temperatur von unmittelbar unterhalb der Siedetemperatur unter im wesentlichen atmosphärischen Druck innerhalb des Gehäuses (10), gekennzeichnet durch eine zusätzliche auf die Textilbahn (1) unmittelbar vor ihrem Auflaufen auf den jeweils aufwickelnden Wickel ein¬ wirkende Aufheizeinrichtung, die die Textilbahn der Tempe¬ ratur von Sattdampf aussetzt.7. Jigger for performing the method according to one of claims 1 to 6, with an otherwise sealed housing (10) accessible for the exchange of parts, with two rotatably mounted in the housing (10), alternately drivable winding rollers (21, 22) , between which the textile web (1) can be wound back and forth, with at least one dye bath through which the textile web (1) can be passed during wrapping and with a heating device (17,4) for keeping the dye bath at the boiling temperature of the dyeing liquor (2, 3) or at a temperature of directly below the boiling point under essentially atmospheric pressure inside the housing (10), characterized by an additional heating device acting on the textile web (1) immediately before it hits the respective winding, which exposes the textile web to the temperature of saturated steam.
8. Jigger nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufheizeinrichtung quer über die Breite der Tex¬ tilbahn (1) wirksame Dampfsprüh-Rohre (18,19) umfaßt, die mit Sattdampf beaufschlagbar sind.8. Jigger according to claim 7, characterized in that the heating device across the width of the textile web (1) comprises effective steam spray pipes (18, 19) which can be charged with saturated steam.
9. Jigger nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dampfsprüh-Rohre (18) auf der Einwickelseite der Textilbahn (1) angeordnet sind.9. Jigger according to claim 8, characterized in that the steam spray tubes (18) are arranged on the wrapping side of the textile web (1).
10. Jigger nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er vom 2-Becken-Typ ist. 10. Jigger according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that it is of the 2-basin type.
EP96934360A 1995-11-21 1996-08-20 Method of dyeing continuous strips of textile fabric made of polyester fibre or mixtures of polyester with other fibres, and jigger for carrying out the method Expired - Lifetime EP0865527B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19543314A DE19543314C1 (en) 1995-11-21 1995-11-21 Dyeing textile sheets of polyester fibres
DE19543314 1995-11-21
PCT/DE1996/001543 WO1997019214A1 (en) 1995-11-21 1996-08-20 Method of dyeing continuous strips of textile fabric made of polyester fibre or mixtures of polyester with other fibres, and jigger for carrying out the mehod

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0865527A1 true EP0865527A1 (en) 1998-09-23
EP0865527B1 EP0865527B1 (en) 1999-12-08

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BR (1) BR9611604A (en)
DE (2) DE19543314C1 (en)
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WO (1) WO1997019214A1 (en)

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EP1010795A3 (en) 1998-12-14 2001-06-13 Tve-Escale Europe, S.A. Machine for the scouring and bleaching of webs of fabric and the like
US20050065757A1 (en) * 2003-09-19 2005-03-24 White Samer R. System and method for estimating displacement of a seat-belted occupant
US20050202241A1 (en) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-15 Jian-Ku Shang High surface area ceramic coated fibers
ES2301389B1 (en) * 2006-10-19 2009-06-08 La Superquimica, S.A. PROCEDURE FOR THE IMPREGNATION OF CELLULOSICAL FIBERS.
CN106483902B (en) * 2016-11-23 2019-07-05 北华大学 A kind of automatically controlled control system of barotor Internet-based

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US3067602A (en) * 1960-09-24 1962-12-11 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Apparatus for the treatment of textile materials
FR1333808A (en) * 1962-05-28 1963-08-02 Teintureries Laval S A Improvement in the dyeing of fabrics composed of hydrophobic synthetic fibers on conventional devices
GB1045857A (en) * 1963-05-22 1966-10-19 Kyoto Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for continuously winding and unwinding textiles in textile treating machines
GB1135288A (en) * 1966-03-02 1968-12-04 Smith F & Co Whitworth Ltd Dyeing of textile materials
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EP0865527B1 (en) 1999-12-08
WO1997019214A1 (en) 1997-05-29
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US6036728A (en) 2000-03-14
BR9611604A (en) 1999-04-06
ES2140139T3 (en) 2000-02-16

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