EP0861576B1 - Generateur de flux de plasma d'arc de configuration fermee - Google Patents
Generateur de flux de plasma d'arc de configuration fermee Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0861576B1 EP0861576B1 EP96934315A EP96934315A EP0861576B1 EP 0861576 B1 EP0861576 B1 EP 0861576B1 EP 96934315 A EP96934315 A EP 96934315A EP 96934315 A EP96934315 A EP 96934315A EP 0861576 B1 EP0861576 B1 EP 0861576B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chambers
- plasma
- jets
- generator according
- electrode chambers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/44—Plasma torches using an arc using more than one torch
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a flow generator closed configuration arc plasma.
- Plasma technology and especially devices allowing the creation of a configuration flow closed may be used in the processing of surfaces (sterilization, cleaning, pickling, modification, coating and film deposition) of monolithic materials and dispersed, as well as for obtaining and processing chemicals, electronics, automotive, metallurgy, chemicals, industry food, medicine and many other areas again.
- this known plasma generator is due to the specific configuration of the plasma flow. Indeed, this one has the shape of a plasma funnel, which allows introduction and processing (processing) by the plasma of different products in different forms (gaseous, liquid or solid) and allows you to use this generator with high efficiency for sterilization of surfaces, their cleaning, stripping, modification and also the film recovery deposit.
- the disadvantage of the generator according to the prior art is that the plasma flow always has a reduced dimension, determined by the diameter of the resulting plasma flow. But he is many applications for which a stream of larger plasma would be useful, provided of course the closed configuration of the flow is kept because it allows to have a central temperature zone uniform or lowered.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a closed configuration arc flow generator according to the preamble of claim 1, the section, perpendicular to the direction of flow, has a elongated shape (plasma curtain) with a central area of uniform or lowered temperature.
- the invention relates to a flow generator arc plasma, closed configuration, comprising electrode chambers working in pairs and generating plasma jets, and a magnetic device for orienting jets arranged outside the electrode chambers, each pair of chambers having an anode and a cathode and being connected to a direct current source, the plasma jets generated being traversed by the current and oriented in space using an external magnetic field generated by said magnetic orientation device and directed so that the plasma jets from the chambers converge and form a common plasma flow with a central area of uniform or lowered temperature, said generator having at least three pairs of electrode chambers as above and said chambers being arranged the relative to each other so that the whole presents symmetry without all the rooms being placed on the same circle, the generator generating a flow of common plasma of closed configuration, having a shape elongated with a central zone of uniform temperature or lowered in relation to the peripheral zone resulting from the convergence of at least six plasma jets.
- the magnetic device determining the orientation of plasma jets can be composed, for each pair of electrode chambers, three sections of conductor magnetic, two of which are arranged perpendicularly to the plasma jets and the third between the plasma jets.
- the electrode chambers can be arranged in two groups, the two groups of chambers can be arranged in parallel rows, and the rows can be rectilinear.
- the electrodes of the same group, respectively of the same row, of chambers are all of the same polarity, the electrode chambers of the same group, respectively of the same row, which can be made of a single block, in one piece.
- the same group, respectively the same row of chambers contains electrodes of opposite polarities
- the electrodes of the same group or of a same row can be arranged so as to respect, at less partially, an alternation of polarities.
- the solution proposed by the present invention consists basically to provide the generator with at least one pair of chambers with electrodes (anodes and cathodes) in addition to the two pairs of electrode chambers (anodes and cathodes) of the known generator according to the document "Koulik", cited above.
- the proposed plasma generator consists of at least six electrode chambers generating six plasma jets through which the current flows.
- the orientation of the electrode chambers aims to create a plasma curtain and not, as according to the prior art, to form only a plasma funnel.
- the orientation of the resulting plasma flow and on the other hand the determination of the shape of the flow are done using external magnetic fields. These magnetic fields are directed relative to the electrode chambers in such a way that the plasma jets, coming from the electrode chambers, form a common plasma flow symmetrical with respect to a given surface, and crossed by the currents coming from the electrode chambers (plasma curtain).
- the arrangement of the electrode chambers in two rows can be done either so that, in each row, the anode and cathode chambers follow one another, that is to say the electrodes of the same row are all of the same type, that is to say all of the anodes or all of the cathodes.
- the channels of the electrode chambers, crossed by the current are formed by copper diaphragms with seals sealing dielectrics.
- the electrodes themselves (anode copper, tungsten cathode) are arranged at the entrance of current channels. All parts of the electrode chambers are cooled with water. Current channels are traversed by the gas forming the plasma.
- the diameter of the electrodes and diaphragms, as well as their thickness and number are optimized to obtain high stability plasma jets.
- the spatial orientation of the plasma jets is controlled by magnetic field. This orientation check aims to force the plasma jets to keep the given direction through the current channel.
- plasma jets repel each other when they are opposite polarities, and they attract each other in the opposite case.
- the mutual attraction of the jets causes the plasma jets at the ends of the row are substantially inclined towards the middle of the row.
- the external magnetic field i.e. the control mentioned above, must, in such a case, act to compensate for this attraction and to restore the direction given to the plasma jets by the channel at current.
- the plasma jets repel, causing a change in the distances between the different downstream jets electrode chambers, or slight differences in flow unavoidable gas and current between the different jets of plasma.
- the device is observed magnetic jet control which contains, in the plane of jets, three sections of magnetic conductors with winding coils.
- the direction of the current in the coils is given in accordance with the direction of action on plasma jets.
- the size of the field can be chosen individually for each plasma jet, by variation of the current in the coils.
- the magnetic device is installed separately for each pair of electrode chambers (anode and cathode).
- the magnetic conductor, located between the plasma jets, can coincide with the chemical introduction system or the product treated in the plasma curtain.
- the arrangement in rows of the rooms, with the same polarity for the whole row, requires more intense action on the jets from external magnetic fields (especially on end jets).
- this arrangement has the advantage that the electrode chambers can be placed against each other, which decreases the distance between the jets and allows their junction in the area high plasma temperature.
- the electrode chambers have a width of 2 cm and are placed one after the other. They are thus arranged in two parallel straight rows of constant polarity.
- the generator has 50 pairs of electrode chambers. The current flowing through each pair of chambers is 50 A, the voltage is 100 V, the power of each jet being 5 kW, and the gas heating efficiency of 50%.
- the plasma curtain, after joining the jets has a length of 1 m, width of 1 cm and total power from 125 kW.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Description
- la figure 1 illustre le générateur selon l'invention,
réalisé de manière que les chambres à électrodes sont
disposées en deux rangées parallèles et rectilignes; les
repères relatifs à la figure 1 sont les suivants:
- 1. Chambres à électrodes
- 2. Jets de plasma
- 3. Flux résultant de plasma
- 4. Zone du flux de plasma de température surbaissée
- 5. Conducteurs magnétiques avec bobines d'enroulement
- la figure 2 montre une chambre à électrode en forme de
parallélépipède de faible largeur du générateur selon
l'invention; et plus particulièrement les détails suivants,
2a. vue générale; 2b. à 2d. sections; les repères relatifs à
la figure 2 sont les suivants:
- 2. Jet de plasma
- 7. Electrode
- 8. Diaphragme
- 9. Joint diélectrique d'étanchéité
- 10. Canal de courant
- 11. Canaux de refroidissement à eau
- 12. Câble électrique d'alimentation
- la figure 3 est une vue schématique illustrant
l'orientation du dispositif de contrôle magnétique des jets de
plasma, dans le plan des jets, selon l'invention; les repères
relatifs à la figure 3 sont les suivants:
- 1. Chambre à électrode (anode, cathode)
- 2. Jets de plasma
- 5. Conducteur magnétique
- 6. Bobines d'enroulement
- 13. Lignes magnétiques
L'orientation des chambres à électrodes vise à créer un rideau de plasma et non, comme selon l'art antérieur, à former seulement un entonnoir de plasma. Tout comme dans le document "Koulik" cité plus haut, d'une part l'orientation du flux de plasma résultant et d'autre part la détermination de la forme du flux, se font à l'aide de champs magnétiques extérieurs. Ces champs magnétiques sont dirigés par rapport aux chambres à électrodes de telle manière que les jets de plasmas, issus des chambres à électrodes, forment un flux commun de plasma symétrique par rapport à une surface donnée, et traversé par les courants issus des chambres à électrodes (rideau de plasma).
Claims (9)
- Générateur de flux de plasma d'arc, de configuration fermée, comportant des chambres à électrodes (1) travaillant par paire et générant des jets de plasma (2), et un dispositif magnétique d'orientation (5, 6) des jets disposé à l'extérieur des chambres à électrodes, chaque paire de chambres (1) ayant une anode et une cathode et étant connectée à une source de courant continu, les jets de plasma générés étant traversés par le courant et orientés dans l'espace à l'aide d'un champ magnétique externe généré par ledit dispositif magnétique d'orientation (5, 6) et dirigé de manière que les jets de plasma issus des chambres convergent et forment un flux de plasma commun (3) présentant une zone centrale de température uniforme ou surbaissée, caractérisé par le fait que le générateur comporte au moins trois paires de chambres à électrodes (1) telles que ci-dessus et en ce que lesdites chambres sont disposées les unes par rapport aux autres de façon que l'ensemble présente une symétrie sans pour autant que toutes les chambres soient placées sur un même cercle, le générateur engendrant un flux de plasma commun (3) de configuration fermée, ayant une forme allongée présentant une zone centrale (4) de température uniforme ou surbaissée par rapport à la zone périphérique résultant de la convergence d'au moins six jets de plasma.
- Générateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif magnétique déterminant l'orientation des jets de plasma est composé, pour chaque paires de chambres à électrodes (1), de trois tronçons de conducteur magnétique (5), deux desquels sont disposés perpendiculairement aux jets de plasma et le troisième entre les jets de plasma.
- Générateur selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé par le fait que les chambres à électrodes sont disposées en deux groupes.
- Générateur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que les deux groupes de chambres sont disposés selon des rangées parallèles.
- Générateur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que les rangées sont rectilignes.
- Générateur selon l'une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que les électrodes d'un même groupe, respectivement d'une même rangée, de chambres sont toutes de la même polarité.
- Générateur selon l'une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'un même groupe, respectivement une même rangée, de chambres contient des électrodes de polarités opposées.
- Générateur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que les électrodes d'un même groupe ou d'une même rangée, sont disposées de manière à respecter, au moins partiellement, une alternance des polarités.
- Générateur selon les revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que les chambres à électrodes d'un même groupe, respectivement d'une même rangée, sont réalisées d'un seul bloc, d'un seul tenant.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH321095 | 1995-11-13 | ||
CH3210/95 | 1995-11-13 | ||
CH321095 | 1995-11-13 | ||
PCT/CH1996/000403 WO1997018693A1 (fr) | 1995-11-13 | 1996-11-12 | Generateur de flux de plasma d'arc de configuration fermee |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0861576A1 EP0861576A1 (fr) | 1998-09-02 |
EP0861576B1 true EP0861576B1 (fr) | 2000-09-06 |
Family
ID=4251042
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96934315A Expired - Lifetime EP0861576B1 (fr) | 1995-11-13 | 1996-11-12 | Generateur de flux de plasma d'arc de configuration fermee |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6050215A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0861576B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2000500273A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69610221T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2152043T3 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1997018693A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007019981A1 (de) * | 2007-04-23 | 2008-11-13 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Anode für die Bildung eines Plasmas durch Ausbildung elektrischer Bogenentladungen |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6949716B2 (en) | 2000-11-10 | 2005-09-27 | Apit Corp. S.A. | Process for treating with an atmospheric plasma electrically conductive materials and a device therefor |
FR2897748B1 (fr) * | 2006-02-20 | 2008-05-16 | Snecma Services Sa | Procede de depot de barriere thermique par torche plasma |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2039566A5 (fr) * | 1969-03-31 | 1971-01-15 | Soudure Autogene Elect | |
BE763709A (fr) * | 1971-03-03 | 1971-08-02 | Soudure Autogene Elect | Plasma en rideau. |
US3940641A (en) * | 1974-04-05 | 1976-02-24 | Reynolds Metals Company | Plasma jet electrode for magnetohydrodynamic generators |
JPS5546266A (en) * | 1978-09-28 | 1980-03-31 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Plasma torch |
WO1992012273A1 (fr) * | 1990-12-26 | 1992-07-23 | Inzhenerny Tsentr ''plazmodinamika'' | Procede et dispositif de traitement de materiau au plasma |
-
1996
- 1996-11-12 JP JP9518474A patent/JP2000500273A/ja active Pending
- 1996-11-12 EP EP96934315A patent/EP0861576B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-12 ES ES96934315T patent/ES2152043T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-12 WO PCT/CH1996/000403 patent/WO1997018693A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1996-11-12 DE DE69610221T patent/DE69610221T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-11-12 US US09/068,415 patent/US6050215A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007019981A1 (de) * | 2007-04-23 | 2008-11-13 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Anode für die Bildung eines Plasmas durch Ausbildung elektrischer Bogenentladungen |
DE102007019981B4 (de) * | 2007-04-23 | 2011-04-14 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Anode für die Bildung eines Plasmas durch Ausbildung elektrischer Bogenentladungen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0861576A1 (fr) | 1998-09-02 |
DE69610221D1 (de) | 2000-10-12 |
WO1997018693A1 (fr) | 1997-05-22 |
JP2000500273A (ja) | 2000-01-11 |
DE69610221T2 (de) | 2001-04-26 |
US6050215A (en) | 2000-04-18 |
ES2152043T3 (es) | 2001-01-16 |
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