EP0858139B1 - Sparking plug - Google Patents
Sparking plug Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0858139B1 EP0858139B1 EP98101912A EP98101912A EP0858139B1 EP 0858139 B1 EP0858139 B1 EP 0858139B1 EP 98101912 A EP98101912 A EP 98101912A EP 98101912 A EP98101912 A EP 98101912A EP 0858139 B1 EP0858139 B1 EP 0858139B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spark
- spark plug
- electrode
- insulator
- path
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/52—Sparking plugs characterised by a discharge along a surface
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
- H01T13/467—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps in parallel connection
Definitions
- the invention relates to a spark plug for an internal combustion engine with a spark plug body made of an electrically conductive Material, an electrical insulator that is centered in the Spark plug body is arranged, a central electrode, which in an insulator hole is arranged in the insulator and from the Insulator tip protrudes and laterally to the center electrode employed ground electrodes that are electrically connected to the spark plug body are connected.
- Spark plugs where different spark paths are provided are from DE 195 032 23 A1 and DE-OS 2 106 893 known.
- a spark plug according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from JP-A-07201450.
- the object underlying the invention is in contrast in the spark plug of the type mentioned above train that they have a long life without harming the Isolator ceramic e.g. through the so-called spark saw.
- Spark plug comprises a spark plug body 1 from a electrically conductive material, an electrical insulator 2 a ceramic material that is centered in the spark plug body 1 is arranged, a center electrode 3, which is in an insulator bore is arranged in the insulator 2 and from the insulator tip protrudes, and employed laterally to the center electrode 3 Ground electrodes 4, 5, which are electrically connected to the spark plug body 1 are connected.
- the ground electrodes are 4, 5 arranged in pairs diametrically opposite one another.
- ground electrodes 4, 5 are such that different spark paths, namely a pure air spark path FS1, a combined sliding spark and air spark path FS2 and another combined sliding / air spark path FS3 result.
- the other ground electrode 4 is opposite the center electrode 3 is formed so that the other combined sliding / air spark travel path FS3 results.
- At least one ground electrode each which is a pure air spark path or an air spark and parallel sliding spark path forms, as well as with at least one ground electrode that has a combined sliding / air spark travel path forms.
- the training can also be such that there is a spark path in addition to the pure air spark path FS1 FS2 forms a parallel combined glide / air spark travel path is.
- the gap ratios between the spark paths FS1 and FS2 are then preferably EA1: EA2 equal to 3: 2, as in Fig. 3 is shown.
- the electrode distances EA1, EA2, EA3 between the ground electrode 5 and the center electrode 3, between the lower edge the ground electrode 5 and the insulator tip and between the ground electrode 4 and the center electrode 3 preferably in a ratio of 3: 2: 6.
- the electrode spacing EA3 can be divided according to FIG. 3 into a sliding spark gap EA3.1 and into an air spark gap EA3.2, preferably in a ratio of 1: 1 to each other stand.
- a recess 6 is formed, which is ring-shaped around the center electrode 3 runs.
- This recess 6 runs obliquely to Angular axis of the center electrode 3 at a half angle ⁇ Countersink 6, starting from the angular axis, which is between 15 ° and 45 ° in particular between 25 ° and 35 ° and preferably at 30 °.
- the dimensions of the countersink 6 are in particular the following: Gap dimension a between the countersink 6 and the outer surface the center electrode 3: 0.2 to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.4 to 0.6 mm, in particular the following applies: a ⁇ 0.5 * EA 3.1.
- the isolator foot tip is free of electrical power at full load conductive coatings and soot deposits.
- the spark formation will therefore develop as a pure air spark path FS1.
- Such a spark discharge takes place via this spark path FS1 takes place until the burnup potential at the Air spark path between the center electrode 3 and the ground electrode 5 is used up, and the voltage requirement for the Formation of a spark on this spark path higher than that The voltage requirement of the other spark paths FS2 or FS3 is.
- the spark path FS3 offers special advantages during a cold start through the serial arrangement of the center electrode 3 and the ground electrode 4. The long spark path ensures the spark path FS3 also ensures a safe ignition of the mixture It is ensured that the internal combustion engine even with inhomogeneous mixtures runs smoothly.
Landscapes
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zündkerze für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Zündkerzenkörper aus einem elektrisch leitenden Material, einem elektrischen Isolator, der zentrisch im Zünkerzenkörper angeordnet ist, einer Mittelelektrode, die in einer Isolatorbohrung im Isolator angeordnet ist und von der Isolatorfußspitze vorsteht, und seitlich zur Mittelelektrode angestellten Massenelektroden, die elektrisch mit dem Zündkerzenkörper verbunden sind.The invention relates to a spark plug for an internal combustion engine with a spark plug body made of an electrically conductive Material, an electrical insulator that is centered in the Spark plug body is arranged, a central electrode, which in an insulator hole is arranged in the insulator and from the Insulator tip protrudes and laterally to the center electrode employed ground electrodes that are electrically connected to the spark plug body are connected.
Aus der EP 0 470 688 B1 ist es bekannt, bei einer derartigen Zündkerze die Elektroden so auszubilden, daß sich zwei Funkenlaufwege nämlich ein Luftfunkenlaufweg und ein paralleler Gleitfunkenlaufweg ergeben. Der eine Funkenlaufweg besteht zwischen der Mittelelektrode und den Masseelektroden als reiner Luftfunkenlaufweg und der andere Funkenlaufweg wird durch eine gezielte geometrische Abstimmung der Masseelektroden zur Isolatorfußspitze gebildet derart, daß sich der Funke über die Keramik des Isolatorfußes als Gleitfunke und anschließend als Luftfunke zur Unterkante der Masseelektroden ausbildet.It is known from EP 0 470 688 B1 for such a Spark plug to form the electrodes so that there are two spark paths namely an air spark path and a parallel one Slip spark travel result. The one spark path exists between the center electrode and the ground electrodes as pure Air spark path and the other spark path is through one targeted geometric coordination of the ground electrodes to the insulator tip formed such that the spark over the ceramic of the insulator foot as gliding spark and then as air spark to the lower edge of the ground electrodes.
Zündkerzen, bei denen verschiedene Funkenlaufwege vorgesehen sind, sind weiterhin aus der DE 195 032 23 A1 und der DE-OS 2 106 893 bekannt.Spark plugs where different spark paths are provided are from DE 195 032 23 A1 and DE-OS 2 106 893 known.
Eine Zündkerze, gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist aus JP-A-07201450 bekannt.A spark plug according to the preamble of
Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe besteht demgegenüber darin, die Zündkerze der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß sie eine hohe Laufzeit ohne Schädigung der Isolatorkeramik z.B. durch das sogenannte Funkensägen, hat.The object underlying the invention is in contrast in the spark plug of the type mentioned above train that they have a long life without harming the Isolator ceramic e.g. through the so-called spark saw.
Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung durch eine Zündkerze gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by a spark plug according to
Besonders bevorzugte Ausbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen
Zündkerze sind Gegenstand der Patentansprüche 2 bis 8.Particularly preferred embodiments of the invention
Spark plugs are the subject of
Im folgenden wird anhand der zugehörigen Zeichnung ein
besonders bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher
beschrieben. Es zeigen
Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen
Zündkerze umfaßt einen Zündkerzenkörper 1 aus einem
elektrisch leitenden Material, einen elektrischen Isolator 2 aus
einem keramischen Material, der zentrisch im Zündkerzenkörper 1
angeordnet ist, eine Mittelelektrode 3, die in einer Isolatorbohrung
im Isolator 2 angeordnet ist und von der Isolatorfußspitze
vorsteht, und seitlich zur Mittelelektrode 3 angestellte
Masseelektroden 4, 5, die elektrisch mit dem Zündkerzenkörper 1
verbunden sind.The embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of the invention
Spark plug comprises a
Wie es in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist, sind die Masseelektroden 4, 5 paarweise einander diametral gegenüber stehend angeordnet.As shown in Fig. 2, the ground electrodes are 4, 5 arranged in pairs diametrically opposite one another.
Die Ausbildung der Masseelektroden 4, 5 ist derart, daß
sich verschieden Funkenlaufwege nämlich ein reiner Luftfunkenlaufweg
FS1, ein kombinerter Gleitfunken- und Luftfunkenlaufweg
FS2 und ein weiterer kombinierter Gleit/Luftfunkenlaufweg FS3
ergeben.The formation of the
Das heißt im einzelnen, daß der reine Luftfunkenlaufweg FS1
sowie der kombinierte Gleitfunken/Luftfunkenlaufweg FS2 zwischen
der Mittelelektrode 3 und der als Seitenelektrode ausgebildeten
Masseelektrode 5 bestehen. Die andere Masseelektrode 4 ist gegenüber
der Mittelelektrode 3 so ausgebildet, daß sich der weitere
kombinierte Gleit/Luftfunkenlaufweg FS3 ergibt.Specifically, this means that the pure air spark travel FS1
as well as the combined sliding spark / air spark travel path FS2 between
the
Es sind Kombinationen möglich mit mindestens je einer Masseelektrode, die einen reinen Luftfunkenlaufweg oder einen Luftfunken- und parallelen Gleitfunkenlaufweg bildet, sowie mit mindestens einer Masseelektrode, die einen kombinierten Gleit/-Luftfunkenlaufweg bildet.Combinations are possible with at least one ground electrode each, which is a pure air spark path or an air spark and parallel sliding spark path forms, as well as with at least one ground electrode that has a combined sliding / air spark travel path forms.
Damit sich an der Masseelektrode 5 ein reiner Luftfunkenlaufweg
bildet, muß in der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Weise der
Spalt EA2 zwischen der Unterkante der Masseelektrode 5 und der
Isolatorfußspitze mindestens die doppelte Distanz des Luftfunkenlaufweges
FS1 haben, damit der Funken nicht über die Isolatorfußspitze
geht. Die Ausbildung kann aber auch derart sein,
daß sich neben dem reinen Luftfunkenlaufweg FS1 ein Funkenlaufweg
FS2 bildet, der ein paralleler kombinierter Gleit/Luftfunkenlaufweg
ist. Dazu ist der Spalt EA2 zwischen der Isolatorfußspitze
und der Unterkante der Masseelektrode 5 entsprechend zu
wählen. Die Spaltverhältnisse zwischen den Funkenlaufwegen FS1
und FS2 sind dann vorzugsweise EA1:EA2 gleich 3:2, wie es in
Fig. 3 dargestellt ist. Das bedeutet, daß bei einem Elektrodenabstand
EA1 zwischen der Mittelelektrode 3 und der Masseelektrode
5 von 0,80mm der Spalt EA2 zwischen der Unterkante der
Masseelektrode 5 und der Isolatorfußspitze etwa 0,50mm beträgt.
Eine der Masseelektroden nämlich die Masseelektrode 4 ist so
ausgebildet, daß in der in einer vergrößerten Ansicht in Fig. 4
dargestellten Weise ihre dem Isolator 2 zugewandte Unterkante
mit der Stirnfläche der Isolatorfußspitze in einer Ebene liegt.
Durch diese Ausbildung ergibt sich ein weiterer Funkenlaufweg
FS3 in Form eines kombinierten Gleit/Luftfunkenlaufweges (siehe
Fig. 1).So that there is a pure air spark path at the
Wie es in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist, stehen bei dieser Ausbildung
die Elektrodenabstände EA1, EA2, EA3 zwischen der Masseelektrode
5 und der Mittelelektrode 3, zwischen der Unterkante
der Masseelektrode 5 und der Isolatorfußspitze sowie zwischen
der Masseelektrode 4 und der Mittelelektrode 3 vorzugsweise in
einem Verhältnis 3:2:6.As shown in Fig. 3, are in this training
the electrode distances EA1, EA2, EA3 between the
Der Elektrodenabstand EA3 läßt sich gemäß Fig. 3 aufteilen in einen Gleitfunkenstrecke EA3.1 und in eine Luftfunkenstrecke EA3.2, die vorzugsweise in einem Verhältnis von 1:1 zueinander stehen.The electrode spacing EA3 can be divided according to FIG. 3 into a sliding spark gap EA3.1 and into an air spark gap EA3.2, preferably in a ratio of 1: 1 to each other stand.
Bei einem Elektrodenabstand EA1 und EA2 von 0,80mm und
0,50mm ergibt sich für den Elektrodenabstand EA3 ein Wert von
1,60mm.With an electrode spacing EA1 and EA2 of 0.80mm and
A value of 0.50mm results for the
Wie es weiterhin in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellt ist,
ist die Isolatorbohrung im Bereich der Isolatorfußspitze mit
einer Versenkung 6 ausgebildet, die ringförmig um die Mittelelektrode
3 verläuft. Diese Versenkung 6 verläuft schräg zur
Winkelachse der Mittelelektrode 3 unter einem Halbwinkel α der
Versenkung 6, ausgehend von der Winkelachse, der zwischen 15°
und 45° insbesondere zwischen 25° und 35° und vorzugsweise bei
30° liegt.As further shown in FIGS. 3 and 4,
is the insulator hole in the area of the insulator tip
a
Die Abmessungen der Versenkung 6 sind insbesondere die folgenden:
Spaltmaß a zwischen der Versenkung 6 und der Außenfläche
der Mittelelektrode 3: 0,2 bis 1,0 mm, vorzugsweise 0,4 bis 0,6
mm, wobei insbesondere gilt: a ≤ 0,5 * EA 3.1. The dimensions of the
Durch die Ausbildung der Isolatorbohrung mit Versenkung 6
ergibt sich eine Erhöhung des Abbrandreservoirs um den Betrag der
Tiefe der Versenkung 6.By forming the insulator hole with
Im folgenden wird die Arbeitsweise einer Zündkerze mit dem oben beschriebenen Aufbau im Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine näher erläutert.The following is how a spark plug works with the Construction described above in the operation of the internal combustion engine explained in more detail.
Bei Vollastbetrieb ist die Isolatorfußspitze frei von elektrisch
leitenden Belägen und Rußablagerungen. Die Funkenausbildung
wird sich demnach als reiner Luftfunkenlaufweg FS1 ausbilden.
Eine derartige Funkenentladung findet über diesen Funkenlaufweg
FS1 so lange statt, bis das Abbrandpotential an dem
Luftfunkenlaufweg zwischen der Mittelelektrode 3 und der Masseelektrode
5 aufgebraucht ist, und der Spannungsbedarf für die
Ausbildung eines Funkens an diesem Funkenlaufweg höher als der
Spannungsbedarf der anderen Funkenlaufwege FS2 oder FS3 ist.The isolator foot tip is free of electrical power at full load
conductive coatings and soot deposits. The spark formation
will therefore develop as a pure air spark path FS1.
Such a spark discharge takes place via this spark path
FS1 takes place until the burnup potential at the
Air spark path between the
Nachdem die Abbrandreserve am Funkenlaufweg FS1 durch Heißgaskorrosion und Funkenerrosion aufgebraucht ist, wechselt der Funkenlaufweg auf den Funkenlaufweg FS2 oder FS3 und zwar jeweils auf den Funkenlaufweg mit dem niedrigsten Spannungsbedarf.After the burn-up reserve on spark gap FS1 due to hot gas corrosion and spark erosion is used up, the Spark path to the spark path FS2 or FS3, respectively to the spark path with the lowest voltage requirement.
Bei einem Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine mit hohen Verbrennungsrückständen
wird sich der Funke vorwiegend über die Funkenlaufwege
FS2 oder FS3 ausbilden und somit den Gleitfunkenlaufweg
auf der keramischen Isolatorfußspitze freibrennen. Das stellt
sicher, daß die Zündkerze geringe Nebenschlußeigenschaften hat.
Besondere Vorteile bietet der Funkenlaufweg FS3 beim Kaltstart
durch die serielle Anordnung der Mittelelektrode 3 und der Masseelektrode
4. Durch den langen Funkenweg sichert der Funkenlaufweg
FS3 außerdem ein sicheres Entflammen des Gemisches wobei
gewährleistet ist, daß auch bei inhomogenen Gemischen die Brennkraftmaschine
sicher rundläuft.When the internal combustion engine is operating with high combustion residues
the spark will be predominantly over the spark paths
Form FS2 or FS3 and thus the sliding spark path
Burn free on the ceramic insulator tip. That poses
sure that the spark plug has low shunt characteristics.
The spark path FS3 offers special advantages during a cold start
through the serial arrangement of the
Claims (8)
- Spark plug for an internal-combustion engine havinga spark plug element of an electrically conductive material,an electrical insulator which is arranged centrally in the spark plug member,a central electrode which is arranged in an insulator hole in the insulator and which projects from the tip of the insulator base, andearth electrodes which are positioned laterally relative to the central electrode and which are electrically connected to the spark plug member,at least one earth electrode being arranged in such a manner that the lower edge thereof facing the insulator is located at the same level as the end face of the tip of the insulator base and a surface discharge/air spark path is formed thereabove, characterised in that the electrode gaps (EA1, EA2, EA3) between at least one other earth electrode (5) and the central electrode (3), between the lower edge of the other earth electrode (5) and the tip of the insulator base and between the at least one earth electrode (4) and the central electrode (3) are in the ratio 3:2:6, and an air spark path (FS1) and a surface discharge/air spark path (FS2), which extends parallel therewith above the end face of the tip of the insulator base, are formed between the other earth electrode (5) and the central electrode (3).
- Spark plug according to claim 1, characterised in that the insulator hole is recessed (6) in an annular manner in the region of the tip of the insulator base.
- Spark plug according to claim 2, characterised in that the recess angle (α) is between 15° and 45°.
- Spark plug according to claim 3, characterised in that the recess angle (α) is between 25° and 35°.
- Spark plug according to claim 4, characterised in that the recess angle (α) is 30°.
- Spark plug according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterised in that the gap dimension (a) of the recess (6) is between 0.2 and 1.0 mm.
- Spark plug according to claim 6, characterised in that the gap dimension (a) is between 0.4 and 0.6 mm.
- Spark plug according to claim 7, characterised in that a ≤ 0.5 • EA 3.1 applies to the gap dimension (a), wherein EA 3.1 is the surface discharge gap of the electrode distance between the earth electrode (4, 5) and the central electrode (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19704524 | 1997-02-06 | ||
DE19704524A DE19704524C2 (en) | 1997-02-06 | 1997-02-06 | Spark plug for an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0858139A1 EP0858139A1 (en) | 1998-08-12 |
EP0858139B1 true EP0858139B1 (en) | 2002-10-16 |
Family
ID=7819509
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98101912A Expired - Lifetime EP0858139B1 (en) | 1997-02-06 | 1998-02-04 | Sparking plug |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0858139B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE226368T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19704524C2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2184152T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19924682C2 (en) * | 1999-05-29 | 2003-06-12 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Spark plug as a probe for ion current measurement |
DE10227513B9 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2004-09-30 | Beru Ag | spark plug |
DE10319698A1 (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2004-11-18 | Volkswagen Ag | Spark plug for I.C. engines comprises a middle electrode made from a material other than precious metals and a mass electrodes |
JP2006049206A (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2006-02-16 | Denso Corp | Spark plug for internal combustion engine |
DE102006033578A1 (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2008-01-31 | Beru Ag | Ignition device, in particular spark plug for an internal combustion engine and method for positioning at least one ground electrode in the ignition device |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1446036A (en) * | 1965-08-31 | 1966-07-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | High voltage, sliding spark combination spark plug |
EP0774812A1 (en) * | 1995-11-15 | 1997-05-21 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd | Multielectrode spark plug |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2208178A (en) * | 1939-04-15 | 1940-07-16 | Raymond T Scull | Spark plug |
GB1129455A (en) * | 1964-09-30 | 1968-10-09 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Improvements in sparking plugs |
FR1456736A (en) * | 1965-08-24 | 1966-07-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | High voltage, sliding spark combination spark plug |
DE2106893A1 (en) * | 1971-02-13 | 1972-08-31 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Combined high voltage air and sliding spark spark plug |
JP3010234B2 (en) * | 1990-08-08 | 2000-02-21 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Spark plug with multiple outer electrodes |
JPH07201450A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-08-04 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Spark plug for internal combustion engine |
DE19503223C2 (en) * | 1995-02-02 | 2000-06-08 | Opel Adam Ag | Spark plug for an internal combustion engine |
-
1997
- 1997-02-06 DE DE19704524A patent/DE19704524C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-02-04 EP EP98101912A patent/EP0858139B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-02-04 ES ES98101912T patent/ES2184152T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-02-04 AT AT98101912T patent/ATE226368T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-02-04 DE DE59805929T patent/DE59805929D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1446036A (en) * | 1965-08-31 | 1966-07-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | High voltage, sliding spark combination spark plug |
EP0774812A1 (en) * | 1995-11-15 | 1997-05-21 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd | Multielectrode spark plug |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19704524C2 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
EP0858139A1 (en) | 1998-08-12 |
DE59805929D1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
ES2184152T3 (en) | 2003-04-01 |
DE19704524A1 (en) | 1998-08-13 |
ATE226368T1 (en) | 2002-11-15 |
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