EP0856114A1 - Valve - Google Patents
ValveInfo
- Publication number
- EP0856114A1 EP0856114A1 EP95938815A EP95938815A EP0856114A1 EP 0856114 A1 EP0856114 A1 EP 0856114A1 EP 95938815 A EP95938815 A EP 95938815A EP 95938815 A EP95938815 A EP 95938815A EP 0856114 A1 EP0856114 A1 EP 0856114A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stem
- valve
- flow control
- control member
- control means
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
- F16K5/08—Details
- F16K5/14—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together
- F16K5/16—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together for plugs with conical surfaces
- F16K5/162—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together for plugs with conical surfaces with the plugs or parts of the plugs mechanically pressing the seal against the housing
- F16K5/163—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together for plugs with conical surfaces with the plugs or parts of the plugs mechanically pressing the seal against the housing adjustable in height
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K3/00—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
- F16K3/02—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor
- F16K3/16—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor with special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together
- F16K3/18—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor with special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together by movement of the closure members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K3/00—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
- F16K3/02—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor
- F16K3/16—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor with special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together
- F16K3/18—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor with special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together by movement of the closure members
- F16K3/184—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor with special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together by movement of the closure members by means of cams
- F16K3/186—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor with special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together by movement of the closure members by means of cams by means of cams of wedge from
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
- F16K5/08—Details
- F16K5/14—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together
- F16K5/16—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together for plugs with conical surfaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a valve assembly in which the flow control member is actuated by a rotary and reciprocating stem which is connected to the flow control member by a connecting means that permits the stem to reciprocate relative to the flow control member.
- a rotary valve In a rotary valve the closure member is rotated between open and closed positions of the valve and the rotation of the closure inember is done by means of a stem connected to the closure member.
- the stem In a ball valve, the stem only rotates and does not reciprocate.
- the stem In a rotary tapered plug valve, e.g. a sleeve-lined plug valve,the stem also rotates and does not reciprocate.
- the plug lifts off the valve body seats and then rotates with the help of a stem that is integrally connected to the plug which therefore also reciprocates with the stem. Hence some cavity space needs to be provided inside the valve body to accommodate the lifting of the plug.
- the present invention is concerned with obtaining a better seal in a valve assembly that is actuated by a rotary and reciprocating stem.
- a valve comprises a valve body having a body cavity and a fluid flow passageway therethrough intersecting the body cavity.
- a flow control member consisting of a rotary member or a reciprocating member is disposed in the body cavity for selectively closing or opening the fluid flow passageway.
- a valve operator is connected to the flow control member for selectively moving the flow control niember to a flow closed position or to a flow open position.
- the valve operator comprises a stem connected to the flow control member by a connecting means that allows axial movement of the stem relative to the flow control member but substantially no rotary movement between the stem and the flow control member.
- the connecting means is such that if the flow control member is held statio ⁇ nary, the stem cannot be rotated but can be moved only axially in relation to the flow control member.
- Examples of such connecting means are splines or a tongue and grove joint as in a ball valve.
- the flow control member has stop means for arresting axial movement of the stem towards the flow control member thereby transmitting the stem force to the flow control member so as to provide a better seal in the selected valve position.
- a stem moving means such as a Lift-and-Turn Mechanism is associa ⁇ ted with the valve operator and the stem whereby the said stem moving means causes the stem to move in a sequence of steps that provides only axial motion away from the flow control member and then rotary motion in response to movement of the valve operator in one direction, and rotary motion and then only axial motion towards the flow control member in response to movement of the valve operator in another direction.
- the valve body has a stem seating surface surrounding the stem passageway which is in fluid communication with the valve body cavity.
- the stem which passes through the stem passageway, has a back-seat that sealingly engages the stem seating surface so as to seal the stem passageway from the valve body cavity for preventing fugitive emissions around the stem.
- the flow control member has a hollow conduit therethrough alignable with the fluid flow passageway in the valve open position.
- a stem moving means in the form of a Lift-Turn-and-Reseat Mechanism causes the stem to move in a sequence of steps that provides only axial motion away from the flow control member, then rotary motion, and then only axial motion towards the flow control member in response to movement of the valve operator in one direction.
- the said stem moving means causes the stem to move in a sequence of steps that provides only axial motion away from the flow control member, then rotary motion, and then only axial motion towards the flow control member in response to movement of the valve operator in another direction.
- the stem reciprocates relative to the flow control member, but the flow control member need not reciprocate with the stem when the stem moves away from the flow control member. Therefore, the bonnet can be placed very close to the top of the flow control member in the valve assembly so as to minimize the dead cavity space in the valve body. This is particularly important for sanitary applications of the valve assembly.
- the present invention therefore teaches a new valve in which the flow control member does not have to lift clear off the valve body seats, thereby permitting the use of the valve for handling clean fluids as well as fluids having particles in suspension, e.g. slurry.
- the flow control member is provided with a rotatable trunnion at the bottom for a rotary valve to render sealing independent of fluid pressure. Without the trunnion, sealing function is aided by fluid pressure acting on the flow control member, but the break-away torque increases. On the other hand, when the flow control member with a trunnion is unloaded of axial force from the stem, the sealing load on the downstream seat is substantially reduced and the break-away torque is also reduced for rotating the flow control member.
- the flow control member with a trunnion of the present invention has a lower break-away torque than in a ball valve.
- the stop means on the flow control member of the present invention arrests axial movement of the stem towards the flow control member thereby transmitting the stem force to the flow control member so as to provide a better seal in the selected valve position.
- the valve operator reciproca ⁇ tes the stem and when the sealing surfaces wear out, the stem needs to travel a little further towards the flow control member in order to maintain effective sealing. The valve operator not only provides this additional stem travel, but also automatically self-adjusts the stem force needed to maintain sealing integrity.
- the present invention is a very simple concept for a valve that is actuated by a reciprocating and rotating stem. It is a "NEW USE" concept for a stem moving means such as a Lift-and-Turn Mechanism and a novel concept at that. This concept teaches that by using a stop means to arrest axial motion of the stem towards the flow control member, the flow control member can be loaded with additional force when such is needed for a better seal and the valve operator automatically provides the necessary externally variable stem force to be loaded onto the flow control member.
- the connecting means between the stem and the flow control rf ⁇ mber thus constitutes a one-way clutch system by which the stem force is transmitted to the flow control member in one direction of stem movement, and in the opposite direction of stem movement, the flow control member is unloaded of the stem force thereby reducing the break ⁇ away torque required to move the flow control member to the selected valve position.
- the flow control member of the present invention can be rotary type or reciprocating type. That is, the flow control member is disposed in the valve body cavity either to rotate or to reciprocate between open and closed positions of the valve.
- the rotary motion of the stem is directly translated into rotary motion of the flow control member.
- the connecting means between the stem and the flow control member comprises means by which the rotary motion of the stem is translated into reciprocating motion of the flow control member transverse to the stem axis, such as a rack-and-pinion arrangement, or a Scotch Yoke- and-pin arrangement.
- the gate recipro ⁇ cates along the stem axis thereby lifting the gate sealing surface clear off the valve body seating surface.
- the wedge gate reciprocates in a direction transverse to the stem axis. Consequently, the wedge gate sealing surface does not lift clear off the valve body seating surface, but slides along the plane of the valve body seating surface when the gate reciprocates transverse to the stem axis.
- scraping action betwen the gate and the valve body seats thereby permitting the wedge gate valve of the present invention to be used for handling fluids with particles in suspension, e.g. slurry.
- a traditional wedge gate valve in which the wedge gate reciprocates along the stem axis, particles in suspension in the fluid get trapped in-between the sealing surfaces when the gate reseats onto the valve body seats, thereby compromising sealing integrity.
- a traditional wedge gate valve cannot be used for slurries.
- a wedge gate valve as constructed in accordance with features of the present invention can be used for slurries.
- An object of the present invention is to provide for a valve in which the stem reciprocates relative to the flow control member and the stem force is transmitted to the flow control member so as to provide a better seal in the selected valve position.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide for a valve which automatically self-adjusts for wear of the sealing surfaces in order to maintain sealing integrity.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide for a valve which comprises negligible dead cavity space in the valve body.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide for a valve with lower break-away torque.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide for a valve that can be used for handling clean fluids as well as fluids with particles in suspension.
- Fig. 1 is a side elevational, partially cross-sectioned view of a rotary plug valve constructed in accordance with the present invention.
- Fig.2 is a partially detailed cross-sectional view of a reciprocat ⁇ ing wedge gate valve constructed in accordance with the present invention.
- Fig.2-A is a partially detailed cross-sectional view of the valve in Fig.2, generally taken along 2A-2A showing the valve in the closed position.
- valve assembly 100 comprising a rotary- plug is shown as constructed in accordance with features of the present invention.
- a valve body 110 includes fluid flow passageways 112 and 114 on opposite sides of the valve body cavity 116 which opens to one side of the valve body 110 to communicate upwardly with the bonnet 142.
- a flow control member assembly 118 comprising a tapered plug closure member 119 is disposed in the body cavity 116 to open or close the fluid flow passageways 112-114.
- the plug 119 has a fluid flow conduit 113 therethrough alignable with the fluid flow passageways 112-114.
- the valve body 110 is lined with an elastomeric sleeve 134 with openings for fluid flow surrounding the fluid flow passageways 112, 114 to sealingly engage the plug 119.
- the flow control member 118 is rotated by a valve operator 150 which comprises a stem 120 that passes through the stem passageway 121 in the bonnet 142.
- the upper end 123 of the stem 120 is connected to the valve operator 150 by a stem moving means 152 by which the stem 120 is rotated and reciprocated along the stem axis.
- the lower end of the stem 120 has an enlarged end 125 in the form of a socket with splines 122 on inside diameter.
- the plug 119 has a solid shaft at the upper end with splines 124 on outside diameter.
- the female splines 122 of the stem meshes with male splines 124 of the plug, thereby permitting the stem 120 to move axially relative to the flow control member 118.
- the stem 125 has a stem sealing surface 128, also called the stem back-seat, that sealingly engages the stem seating surface 132 in order to prevent fugitive emissions.
- stem sealing surface 128, also called the stem back-seat that sealingly engages the stem seating surface 132 in order to prevent fugitive emissions.
- Fugitive emissions arise when fluids in the valve body cavity 116 escape from around the stem.
- a packing gland 138 exerts compressive force on the stem packing 140 surrounding the stem 123 to maintain effective sealing engagement around the stem thereby sealing the stem passageway 121 from the valve body cavity 116.
- the stem moving means 152 is a form of a "Lift-Turn-and-Reseat" Mechanism and causes the stem 120 to move in a sequence of steps that provides only axial motion away from the flow control member 118, then rotary motion, and then only axial motion towards the flow control member 118 in response to movement of the valve operator 150 in one direction.
- the stem moving means 152 causes the stem 120 to move in a sequence of steps that provides only axial motion away from the flow control member 118, then rotary motion, and then only axial motion towards the flow control member 118.
- the top surface 130 of the plug 119 acts as stop means to arrest further axial motion of the stem 120 towards the plug 119, thereby transmitting the stem force to the plug 119 when the bottom surface 126 of the stem 125 engages the top surface 130 of the plug 119.
- the plug 119 is unloaded of the stem force and thus less torque is needed by the valve operator 150 to rotate the plug 119.
- the stem 120 moves only axially away from the plug 119 which is then unloaded of the stem force, the stem 120 then rotates together with the flow control member 118 through a pre-determined interval of rotation, in this case 90 degrees, to open the fluid flow passageways 112-114 by align ⁇ ing the conduit 113 of the plug 119 with the fluid flow passageways 112-114.
- the stem 120 moves only axially in the oppo ⁇ site direction towards the plug 119 until the bottom surface 126 of the stem 125 engages the plug stop 130 thereby transmitting the stem force to the plug 119 to provide additional load to the plug 119 for achieving a higher sealing integrity than when the stem does not transmit force to the plug.
- the fluid flow passageways 112-114 are sealed from the valve body cavity 116 in the valve open position of the flow control member 118.
- tn3 stem then rotates through 90 degrees togetner with the plug 119, and the stem 120 then moves only axially towards the plug 119 until the stem surface 126 engages the stop 130 on the plug 119 thereby transmitting the stem force to the plug 119 to sealingly close the fluid flow passageways 112-114 in the valve closed position.
- the plug 119 carries trunnion 136 at the bottom by which the sealing function is rendered independent of fluid pressure. Nevertheless, fluid pressure aids in the sealing function by pushing the plug onto the downstream seat surrounding the fluid flow passageway.
- the fluid flow passageway 112-114 is sealed from the valve body cavity 116 in the valve open position as well as in the valve closed position of the flow control member 118, and this sealing is obtained by using a "Lift-and-Turn" mechanism for the stem moving means 152.
- the stem moving means 152 that causes the stem to move in a sequence of steps that provides only axial motion away from the plug 119, then rotary motion, and then only axial motion towards the plug 119, is generally called a "Lift- Turn-and-Reseat” means.
- the stem moving means 152 that causes the stem to move in a sequence of steps that provides only axial motion away from the plug and then rotary motion is generally called a “Lift-and-Turn" means.
- valve body 110 in Fig. 1 is shown lined with an elastomeric sleeve 134.
- valve body seat rings or simply sealing rings on the plug 119 can also be used.
- the stem 125 is connected to the plug 119 by a connecting means that allows axial movement of the stem 125 relative to the plug 119 but substantially no rotary movement between the stem 125 and the plug 119. Said another way, the connecting means between the stem 125 and the plug 119 is such that if the plug 119 is held stationary, the stem 125 cannot rotate but can move only axially relative to the plug 119.
- the flow control member 118 shown in Fig. 1 is a tapered plug.
- the flow control member can be any other kind of closure member that can benefit from additional force from the stem to achieve a higher sealing integrity than when the stem force is not used, e.g. a segmented tapered plug, a tapered ball, a cylindrical plug with wedging segments or any other closure member that uses a wedging principle to obtain sealing by mechanical means.
- the flow control member can comprise a reciprocating wedge gate constructed in accordance with features of the present invention.
- the connecting means between the stem and the wedge gate shall comprise means by which the rotary motion of the stem is translated into a recipro- catj.ng motion of the wedge gate in a direction perpendicular to the stem axis.
- the present invention thus can be used for a reciprocating gate valve in which the flow control member is a wedge gate that is disposed in the valve body cavity to reciprocate in a direction transverse to the stem axis.
- splines 122/124 in Fig. 1 are shown positioned inside the bonnet 142. However, these splines could be repositioned outside the bonnet 142 just above the stem packing gland 138, thereby reducing the stem travel within the stem packing 140 and thus extending the life of the stem packing.
- Fig. 1 retains the good features of the prior art and in sharp contrast to prior art the flow control member 118 of the present invention does not reciprocate with the stem 120 but is certainly loaded and unloaded of the stem force by the reciprocating stem. This is an important distinction of the present invention over prior art.
- Figs. 2,2-A only important details are shown for the sake of brevity only to illustrate how rotary motion of the stem is translated into reciprocating motion of the flow control member in a direction transverse to the stem axis.
- a reciprocating wedge gate valve assembly 200 comprises a valve body 210 and a bonnet 242 through which the lower end 225 of the stem extends into the body cavity 216.
- a flow control member assembly 218 comprises two segments 219 and 220 that wedge against each other and are held together in a floating connection by springs (not shown).
- the flow control member 218 is disposed in the body cavity 216 and reciprocates in a direction perpendicular to the stem axis to selectively close or open the fluid flow passageway 212-214.
- the stem 225 has splines 222 on the outer diameter.
- the splines 222 mesh with like splines on the inner dia ⁇ meter of the pinion 226 and permit the stem 225 to move along the stem axis relative to the flow control member 218 until the bottom surface 228 of the stem 225 engages the top surface 230 of the segment 219 thereby transmitting the stem force to the flow control member 218.
- the pinion 226 rotates with stem and at the same time engages the rack 224 on the flow control member segment 220 thereby causing the flow control member 218 to reciprocate in a direction perpendicular to the stem axis as shown in Fig. 2-A.
- the taper angle of the plug 119 in Fig.l and the wedge angle in Fig.2 is extremely important in bringing about the release of the wedging forces from the valve body seats after the flow control member 118, 218 respectively is unloaded of axial force from the stem when the stem moves away from the flow control member.
- This angle must be greater than the angle of repose for the materials used. Deciding on this optimum angle for the flow control member requires extraordinary technical skill in the subject matter and is generally beyond the comprehension of one of ordinary skill in the art.
- the present invention is applicable to a valve in which the flow control member consists of a rotary member or a reciprocating member and is loaded with additional force from the stem to achieve a better seal than when the stem force is not applied to the flow control member and the stem moving means transmits the stem force to the flow control member precisely when the additional force is needed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sliding Valves (AREA)
- Lift Valve (AREA)
- Mechanically-Actuated Valves (AREA)
- Preventing Unauthorised Actuation Of Valves (AREA)
- Details Of Valves (AREA)
- Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
- Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)
- Temperature-Responsive Valves (AREA)
- Taps Or Cocks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1995/013529 WO1997014899A1 (en) | 1995-10-16 | 1995-10-16 | Valve |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0856114A1 true EP0856114A1 (en) | 1998-08-05 |
Family
ID=22250009
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95938815A Withdrawn EP0856114A1 (en) | 1995-10-16 | 1995-10-16 | Valve |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0856114A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH11513779A (en) |
KR (1) | KR19990064254A (en) |
AU (1) | AU718644B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9510652A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2234749A1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ116098A3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI980835A (en) |
NO (1) | NO981694L (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ296297A (en) |
PL (1) | PL326300A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997014899A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4810017B2 (en) * | 2001-08-02 | 2011-11-09 | 新光産業株式会社 | Vacuum valve |
KR101349403B1 (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2014-01-08 | 이병순 | Rotating gate valve |
KR102172155B1 (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-30 | 울트라밸브 주식회사 | 3 way shutoff valve for easy operation |
CN112775121B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2022-08-12 | 杭州菲榭尔科技有限公司 | Automatic pneumatic film governing valve of cleaning formula |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2843352A (en) * | 1954-12-07 | 1958-07-15 | Smolensky Michael | Plug valve |
US3033513A (en) * | 1959-01-16 | 1962-05-08 | Vulliez Paul | High-speed universal control system for rotary valves assuming two successive movements |
US4253400A (en) * | 1979-06-14 | 1981-03-03 | Miner Enterprises, Inc. | Railway hopper car sliding gate closing mechanism |
US5407176A (en) * | 1993-08-12 | 1995-04-18 | Nevrekar; Venkatesh R. | Back-seating of rotary valve stem |
-
1995
- 1995-10-16 EP EP95938815A patent/EP0856114A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-10-16 PL PL95326300A patent/PL326300A1/en unknown
- 1995-10-16 BR BR9510652-9A patent/BR9510652A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-10-16 NZ NZ296297A patent/NZ296297A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-10-16 JP JP9515775A patent/JPH11513779A/en active Pending
- 1995-10-16 CA CA002234749A patent/CA2234749A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-10-16 CZ CZ981160A patent/CZ116098A3/en unknown
- 1995-10-16 AU AU40053/95A patent/AU718644B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-10-16 WO PCT/US1995/013529 patent/WO1997014899A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-10-16 KR KR1019980702743A patent/KR19990064254A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1998
- 1998-04-14 FI FI980835A patent/FI980835A/en unknown
- 1998-04-15 NO NO981694A patent/NO981694L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH11513779A (en) | 1999-11-24 |
CZ116098A3 (en) | 1999-02-17 |
AU718644B2 (en) | 2000-04-20 |
AU4005395A (en) | 1997-05-07 |
FI980835A0 (en) | 1998-04-14 |
BR9510652A (en) | 1999-11-30 |
NZ296297A (en) | 1999-08-30 |
NO981694L (en) | 1998-06-15 |
WO1997014899A1 (en) | 1997-04-24 |
NO981694D0 (en) | 1998-04-15 |
KR19990064254A (en) | 1999-07-26 |
CA2234749A1 (en) | 1997-04-24 |
PL326300A1 (en) | 1998-09-14 |
FI980835A (en) | 1998-05-04 |
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Legal Events
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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Effective date: 20030901 |
|
18W | Application withdrawn |
Effective date: 20030808 |