Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/34—Derivatives of acids of phosphorus
  • C11D1/345—Phosphates or phosphites
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C11D3/33—Amino carboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/36—Organic compounds containing phosphorus

Definitions

• This invention relates to stable rinse aid compositions containing certain low foam nonionic surfactants, polycarboxylate polymers and, if wanted, hydrotropes and certain phosphate esters or certain alkyl iminodialkanoates. Further, the invention relates to a method for improving the stability and the hard water performance of a rinse aid composition containing the above components.
• Rinse aid formulations generally are aqueous solutions containing nonionic surfactants which promote rapid draining of water from dishware and minimize spotting-and-filming. Under conditions of high total dissolved solids or under conditions of hard water, surfactans alone will not prevent filming. It is known that polymers of acrylic acid can improve the performance of rinse aid compositions by inhibiting deposition of mineral salts which contribute to filming of dishware.
• EP-B 308 221 discloses a rinse aid composition containing a low foam nonionic surfactant, an acrylic acid polymer of molecular weight 1000 to 250,000, and an additional nonionic surfactant having a cloud point of at least 70°C to serve as a stabilizer.
• the present invention differs from the EP-B 308 221 disclosure because the stabilizer surfactant is not needed and only certain specific polymers of acrylic acid are useful.
• US 4,678,596 discloses a rinse aid composition containing a low foam nonionic surfactant, a low molecular weight poly(meth)acrylic acid, and a high molecular weight stabilizing polymer of methacrylic acid. US'596 teaches that "a major obstacle exists to the use of low molecular weight polyacrylic acids in rinse aids due to the incompatibility of these polymers in aqueous rinse aid formulations containing low foam surfactants" (see US'596 at Column 2, lines 10-25).
• US-A 3,941,713 discloses a rinse aid composition comprising: (a) 3 to 30% low foaming nonionic surfactant, (b) 0.5 to 10% monoalkylphosphate ester and (c) 35 to 80% lactic, citric or glutaric acid or mixtures thereof. Further, said US'713 composition is useful for imparting a non-stick effect to aluminum articles by laying a temporary film on the aluminum article.
• US-A 4,203,872 and US-A 4,264,479 disclose surfactant compositions comprising: (a) 25-75% nonionic surfactant, (b) 5-65% amphoteric detergent such as an alkylaminodipropionate, (c) 8-50% quaternary ammonium halide, (d) water.
• Said compositions are useful in preparing cleaners and degreasers, glass and smooth surface cleaners, wax and floor finish strippers, and soap film removers.
• the present invention relates to a rinse aid composition having enhanced spotting and filming reducing properties comprising:
• phosphate ester (d) is selected form Formula I
• the said rinse aid composition comprises:
• said polycarboxylate polymers (c) are selected form polymers of acrylic said having a molecular weight of 500 to 2500, more preferably of 500 to 2000, most preferably of 500 to 1500.
• said hydrotropes (b) are present in the rinse aid composition at a level of 0.1% or more.
• the present invention also relates to a method for reducing spotting and filming of dishware comprising contacting said dishware with the above rinse aid composition.
• the rinse aid composition of the present invention is prepared by blending the mentioned components according to methods known to those skilled in the art.
• the rinse aid compositions of the present invention contain low foaming nonionic surfactants at levels of 5 to 95% by weight, preferably 5 to 60% by weight; most preferably 10 to 40% by weight.
• Nonionic surfactants can be broadly defined as surface active compounds which do not contain ionic functional groups. An important group of chemicals within this class are those produced by the condensation of alkylene oxide groups (hydrophilic in nature) with an organic hydrophobic compound; the latter is aliphatic or alkyl aromatic in nature. The length of the hydrophilic or polyoxyalkylene radical which is condensed with any particular hydrophobic group can be readily adjusted to yield a water-soluble compound having the desired degree of balance between hydrophilic and hydrophobic elements.
• suitable nonionic surfactants include:
• the rinse aid compositions herein may also contain surfactants selected from the group of organic surfactants consisting of anionic, cationic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Said other surfactants are present at a level of 0 to 100% by weight, preferably 1 to 80% by weight, most preferably, 5 to 60% by weight.
• surfactants useful herein are listed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,396,520 Payne et al., issued August 2, 1983, U.S. Pat. No. 3,664,961, Norris, issued May 23, 1972, and in U.S. Pat. No. 3,919,678, Laughlin et al., issued December 30, 1975, each of which is incorporated herein by reference.
• Useful cationic surfactants also include those described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,222,905, Cockrell, issued September 16, 1980, and U.S. Pat. No. 4,239,659, Murphy, issued December 16, 1980, both incorporated herein by reference.
• Useful anionic surfactants include the water-soluble salts, preferably the alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts, of organic sulfuric acid reaction products having in their molecular structure of alkyl group containing from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and a sulfonic acid or sulfuric acid ester group.
• alkyl is the alkyl portion of acyl groups.
• examples of this group of synthetic surfactants are the sodium and potassium alkyl sulfates, especially those obtained by sulfating the higher alcohols (C 8 -C 18 carbon atoms) such as those produced by reducing the glycerides of tallow or coconut oil; and the sodium and potassium alkylbenzene sulfonates in which the alkyl group contains from about 9 to about 15 carbon atoms in straight chain or branched chain configuration, e.g., those of the type described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,220,099 and 2,477,383 both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
• Especially valuable are linear straight chain alkylbenzene sulfonates in which the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is from 11 to 13, abbreviated as C 11-13 LAS.
• anionic surfactants suitable for use herein are the sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates, especially those ethers of higher alcohols derived from tallow and coconut oil; sodium coconut oil fatty acid monoglyceride sulfonates and sulfates; sodium or potassium salts of alkyl phenol ethylene oxide ether sulfates containing from about 1 to about 10 units of ethylene oxide per molecule and from about 8 to about 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; and sodium or potassium salts of alkyl ethylene oxide ether sulfates containing from about 1 to about 25 units of ethylene oxide per molecule and from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
• Other useful anionic surfactants include the water-soluble salts of esters of alpha-sulfonated fatty acids containing from about 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the fatty acid group and from about 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the ester group; water-soluble salts of 2-acyloxy-alkane-1-sulfonic acids containing from about 9 to about 23 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and from about 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the moiety.
• Particularly preferred surfactants herein are anionic surfactants selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal salts of C 11-13 alkylbenzene sulfonates, C 12-18 alkyl sulfates, C 12-18 alkyl linear polyethoxy sulfates containing from about 1 to about 10 moles of ethylene oxide, and mixtures thereof and nonionic surfactants that are the condensation products of alcohols having an alkyl group containing from about 9 to about 15 carbon atoms with from about 4 to about 12 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
• Cationic surfactants useful in the practice of the present invention, comprise a wide variety of compounds characterized by one or more organic hydrophobic groups in the cation and generally by a quaternary nitrogen associated with acid radical. Quaternary nitrogen compounds also include nitrogen-containing ring compounds. Suitable anions are halides, methyl sulfate and hydroxide. Tertiary amines can have characteristics similar to cationic surfactants at washing solutions with pH values less than about 8.5.
• Amphoteric surfactants useful in the practice of the present invention, include derivatives of heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amines in which the aliphatic moiety can be straight chain or branched, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and at least one aliphatic substituent contains an anionic water-solubilizing group.
• compositions of the present invention may contain hydrotropes.
• Hydrotropes useful in the present invention include but are not limited to sodium xylene sulfonate, sodium cumene sulfonate, hexylene glycol, propylene glycol, dihexyl sodium sulfonate, and short chain alkyl sulfates.
• U.S. Patents Nos. 3,563,901 and 4,443,270 disclose useful hydrotropes and are incorporated by reference herein. Dihexyl sodium sulfosuccinate is a particularly preferred hydrotrope.
• Hydrotropes are present at a level of 0 to 90% by weight, preferably at a level of 0 to 80% by weight, more preferably at a level of 0.1 to 90% or of 1 to 80% by weight and most preferably at a level of 10 to 60% or of 0.1 to 60% or of 0.1 to 10% by weight. Especially when alkyl iminodialkanoates (e) are present, hydrotropes should be added at a level of 0.1 to 90% by weights.
• the polycarboxylates comprise homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, and the like. They may be polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, or a copolymer of acrylic and methacrylic acids, said homopolymer or copolymer may range in molecular weight from about 500 up to about 350,000 depending on the degree of crosslinking.
• the polymerization of acrylic acid to polyacrylate acid can be stopped at any appropriate molecular weight (determined by viscosity).
• the conditions under which it is polymerized will result in different performance characteristics for similar molecular weight polymers. If, for example, the polymerization took place under a condition of a high temperature (100°-150°C), there will be a strong tendency for crosslinking to occur.
• Crosslinking is undesirable as it decreases the apparent acid strength of the polyacid by preventing the expansion of the molecules, which would otherwise increase the separation between carboxylic groups. This results in two distinct adverse effects. First, the solubility of the polymer is reduced and, second, the chelation ability is reduced. It should be noted that the higher the molecular weight, the more likely extensive crosslinking occurs. It is, however, possible to produce polyacrylic acid having molecular weights in the millions without extensive crosslinking by reacting the monomers under very mild condition.
• Water soluble salts of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid homo-polymers as described above are especially preferred for the purposes of the invention.
• the water soluble salt can be an alkali metal, ammonium or substituted (quaternary) ammonium salt.
• the alkali metal can be sodium or potassium.
• the sodium salt is preferred.
• the salt can be used in a partially or fully neutralized form. Also, partial neutralization and esterification of the carboxylic acid groups can be carried out while still retaining the effective properties of the homopolymer.
• the homopolymers are converted to the desired salt by reaction with the appropriate base, generally with a stoichiometric excess of the desired percent of conversion. Normally 100 percent of the carboxyl groups present will be converted to the salt, but the percentage can be less in certain situations.
• the polycarboxylate polymers will have a molecular weight of from about 500 to 350,000, preferably about 500 to 70,000, even more preferably, about 1,000 to 20,000 and, most preferably, about 1,000
• a preferred water soluble polycarboxylate polymer useful in the present invention is a sodium salt of polyacrylic acid, having a molecular weight of 500 to 350,000, more preferably 500 to 70,000, most preferably 1,000 to 20,000, even more preferably about 1,000 to 10,000.
• the polycarboxylate polymers are used at levels of 0.1 to 12% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 8% by weight, most preferably 1 to 6% by weight.
• the rinse aid compositions of the present invention contain low molecular weight polymers of acrylic acid.
• the polymers useful in the practice of the invention are partially neutralized low molecular weight polymers of acrylic acid, having a preferred molecular weight range of about 500 to 2500, more preferably about 500 to 2000, and most preferably about 500 to 1500.
• the low molecular weight polymers of acrylic acid are used at levels of 0.1 to 10% weight percent, more preferably 1 to 10% weight percent and most preferably 2 to 6% weight percent.
• Y propylene glycol
• b is about 62 and a is about 39
• Examples include ethylene diamine, pentaerythritol, triethylene diamine, erythritol, hexamethylene diamine, phenylene diamine.
• the phosphate esters of Formula I, II, III and IV or mixtures thereof are used at levels of 0.1 to 15% by weight, more preferably at levels of 1 to 12% by weight, and most preferably at levels of 2 to 10% by weight.
• rinse aid compositions of the present invention may contain as an alternative for the phosphate esters (d) alkyl iminodialkanoates having the following formula:
• alkyl iminodialkanoate (ii) is beta-alanine, N-(2-carboxyethyl)-N-(2-ethylhexyl)-monosodium salt (i.e. alkyl-imindipropionate).
• the range of alkyl iminodialkanoates is 0.1-20% by weight, more preferably 2-10% by weight.
• rinse aid compositions based on components (a) and (c)
• a commercial rinse aid composition believed to contain at least one block copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
• a commercial rinse aid composition believed to contain at least one polyoxyalkylene condensate of an aliphatic alcohol.
• Example 2 The composition of Example 2 containing five percent by weight of a partially neutralized 1000 molecular weight polymer of acrylic acid.
• Example 2 The composition of Example 2 containing five percent by weight of a neutralized 1200 molecular weight polymer of acrylic acid.
• Example 2 The composition of Example 2 containing five percent by weight of a partially neutralized 8000 molecular weight polymer of acrylic acid.
• Example 2 The composition of Example 2 containing five percent by weight of a partially neutralized 7000 molecular weight polymer of acrylic acid.
• Example 3 The composition of Example 3 containing five percent by weight of a partially neutralized 1000 molecular weight polymer of acrylic acid.
• the rinse aid compositions were evaluated for stability and effectiveness at minimizing spotting-and-filming on glassware in a household dishwasher.
• rinse aid compositions of the present invention are effective at minimizing the spotting-and-filming of glassware under hard water conditions and do not require additional surfactents and/or polymers to provide stability.
• Example for rinse aid compositions based on components (a), (b), (c) and (d)
• the glasses were visually rated on a scale of from one (spot and film free) to five (complete coverage with spots and film).
• the rinse aid is injected at a rate such that the final rinse water contains 400 ppm rinse aid.
• the rinse aid is injected at a rate such that the final rinse water contains 400 ppm rinse aid.
• a preferred rinse aid composition as described in US-A 3,941,713 consisting of: 67.5% lactic acid, 3.5% monoalkyl phosphate ester, 5.0% PLURAFAC® RA 40, 15.0% isopropanol and water to 100%.
• the rinse aid is injected at a rate such that the final rinse water contains 400 ppm rinse aid.
• the rinse aid compositions of the present invention are effective at minimizing the spotting-and-filming of glassware under high total dissolved solids conditions and do not require additional high cloud point nOnionic surfactants and/or polymers to provide stability.
• Example of rinse aid compositions based on components (a), (b), (c) and (e)
• the glasses were visually rated on a scale of from one (spot and film free) to five (complete coverage spots and film).
• the rinse aid is injected et a rate such that the final rinse water contains 400 ppm rinse aid.
• the rinse aid is injected at a rate such that the final rinse water contains 400 ppm rinse aid.
• the rinse aid is injected at a rate such that the final rinse water contains 400 ppm rinse aid.
• the rinse aid composition of the present invention (Example 15) is effective at minimizing the spotting-and-filming of glassware under high total dissolved solids conditions and do not require additional high cloud point nonionic surfactants and/or polymers to provide stability.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=27419772

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (1)

Cited By (7)

Citations (6)

• 1997
  • 1997-12-11 EP EP97121798A patent/EP0851021A3/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (6)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events