EP0846036B1 - Oscillating table, in particular for use in a continuous casting machine - Google Patents

Oscillating table, in particular for use in a continuous casting machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0846036B1
EP0846036B1 EP96927460A EP96927460A EP0846036B1 EP 0846036 B1 EP0846036 B1 EP 0846036B1 EP 96927460 A EP96927460 A EP 96927460A EP 96927460 A EP96927460 A EP 96927460A EP 0846036 B1 EP0846036 B1 EP 0846036B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oscillating table
mould
pct
motors
eccentrics
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP96927460A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0846036A1 (en
Inventor
Hubert Degrande
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sidmar SA
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Sidmar SA
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Publication date
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Application filed by Sidmar SA filed Critical Sidmar SA
Publication of EP0846036A1 publication Critical patent/EP0846036A1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/053—Means for oscillating the moulds

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to an oscillating table, in particular for use in a continuous casting machine, comprising a movable part, coupled via an eccentric to a driving mechanism for introducing an upward and downward oscillation motion.
  • the oscillation table is used to impart to the casting mould an upward and downward oscillation motion, either according to a defined radius or, less frequently, along a vertical direction in order to prevent the cast steel from remaining stuck to the water-cooled copper wall of the mould.
  • the applied oscillation frequency is dependent upon the casting speed.
  • the amplitude is fixed but is generally adaptable by exchanging eccentrics.
  • the speed of the casting mould is initially less than, subsequently equal and thereafter greater than, the speed of the slab, billet or bloom.
  • the speed of the casting mould is again equal to and thereafter less than the speed of the slab.
  • Document FR-A-1266961 discloses a process for continuously casting metal using an oscillating table.
  • This oscillating table comprises a movable part linked via an axle or a driving mechanism to introduce an upward and downward oscillating motion.
  • the driving mechanism and the axle are driven at a certain angular speed, which determines the frequency of the motion of the movable part.
  • the specific form of the axle causes a different speed for the upward and the downward motion.
  • the apparatus as disclosed in this document comprises means to change frequency of the motion, but no means to change the form of the motion curve. The form is entirely dependent on the form of the axle.
  • the oscillating table according to the invention is characterised in that, the driving mechanism comprises driving means for driving the eccentric with a non-uniform angular speed.
  • the driving mechanism comprises driving means for driving the eccentric with a non-uniform angular speed.
  • the facility is obtained to operate any lifting and descending motion of the casting mould.
  • the oscillating table according to the invention is characterised in that the driving means comprises a hydraulic motor provided with a control system.
  • the driving means comprises a hydraulic motor provided with a control system.
  • control system comprises a hydraulic servo or proportional valve and an electronic controller for controlling the servo or valve.
  • a further embodiment of the oscillating table according to the invention is characterised in that the driving mechanism comprises a further eccentric driven by a further hydraulic motor and means for synchronising the two hydraulic motors.
  • the motors need to have perfect synchronization.
  • the synchronising means comprises measurement means for indicating the exact position of the motors, which measurement means are coupled to the control system.
  • the synchronising means comprises a mechanical synchronisation means coupled to both hydraulic motors.
  • This mechanical synchronisation means can be applied instead of the mentioned electronic synchronization or as a safeguard besides the electronic synchronization.
  • the mechanical synchronisation means comprises a synchronisation shaft.
  • FIGs 1 and 2 show an oscillating table 1 according to the invention at different views.
  • the oscillation table 1 which supports a casting mould (not shown) comprises a fixed part 3 and a moving part 5.
  • the fixed part 3 rests on the outer edges on fixed racks 7 (anchored in the concrete structure).
  • the eccentric shaft 9 is beared in two fixed bearings 11 at each side of the eccentric 13. Attached to the eccentrics 13 are connecting rods 15, by which the moving part 5 is suspended. The eccentrics 13 are coupled to the connecting rods by moving eccentric bearings. These eccentrics 13 are connected two by two by a connecting shaft 17.
  • hydraulic motors 19 which drive the two eccentrics 13 and thus generate an upward and downward motion of the casting mould.
  • These hydraulic motors 19 replace the usual linear electric motor which drives the eccentric shafts via reduction gearboxes and driving shafts.
  • Each motor 19 has a connection to a bevel gearbox 21 by teethcoupling 23.
  • the connection between the gearbox 21 and the eccentric shaft 9 is provided with a free play elastic coupling 25.
  • the motors 19 are controlled by a control system.
  • the control system comprises hydraulic servos or proportional valves 27 and an electronic controller 29 for controlling the servos or valves.
  • the hydraulic motors 19 and the control system are part of driving means for driving the eccentrics 13 with a non-uniform angular speed.
  • the drive is effected with the servos or valves 27 installed as close as possible to the motors 19, possibly provided with the necessary accumulators for each motor control system.
  • the driving means on their turn are parts of an overall driving mechanism of the oscillating table.
  • the hydraulic oil is supplied under pressure.
  • the hydraulic pressure is determined by the mass to be accelerated and the actual acceleration required.
  • the motors are not uniformly driven. During the downward motion of the casting mould, a much greater speed is indeed sought than during the upward motion. In order to make the negative strip as large as possible, the transition from high (descend) to low speed (ascend) can take place, for example, in the ascendant motion.
  • the braking, the transition to a uniform or non-uniform slow lifting speed and the acceleration to high descending speed takes place during the upwards motion of the slab.
  • the angular speed of the hydraulic motors has to be continuously adjustable. With this continuous adjustment, an optional sinusoidal or other form can be set.
  • the hydraulic motors 19 are not uniformly driven. At each moment the speed on both motors must be equal. The speed on both motors 19 is realised by interaction of the electronic controller 29.
  • the position of the motor 19 is monitored by an absolute-value transmitter or pulse generator 31 for each motor or any other system which indicates the exact position of the motors.
  • the motors need to have perfect synchronization, which is realized by interaction between the electronic controller 29 for controlling the hydraulic servo or proportional valves 27 and the position measurements of the motors.
  • an additional mechanical synchronization i.a. a mechanical synchronization shaft 33 is provided between both gearboxes 21. If there is a failure on the electronic controller 29 for example, at this moment the mechanical synchronization guarantees that both motors 19 are in phase. Even when one of the motors 19 is out of service, both eccentric shafts 9 are still driven (one eccentric shaft is driven with the synchronization shaft at this moment).
  • the hydraulic motors 19 in question can be of the axial or radial type: hydraulic gear wheel or baffle motors also being possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
  • Passenger Equipment (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/BE96/00089 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 24, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 24, 1998 PCT Filed Aug. 23, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97/07910 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 6, 1997The oscillating table comprises a movable part on which a mould of a continuous casting machine is located. The movable part is coupled via eccentrics to a driving mechanism for introducing an upward and downward oscillation motion in order to prevent the cast steel from remaining stuck to the wall of the mould. In contradistinction to the known oscillating tables according to the invention the eccentrics are not uniformly driven. To this end the driving mechanism comprises driving means for driving the eccentrics with a non-uniform angular speed. In a preferred embodiment the driving means comprise hydraulic motors provided with a control system. The hydraulic motors are electronically synchronised and as a safeguard being coupled to each other by a synchronisation shaft. In this way the facility is obtained to operate any lifting and descending motion of the casting mould.

Description

The present invention pertains to an oscillating table, in particular for use in a continuous casting machine, comprising a movable part, coupled via an eccentric to a driving mechanism for introducing an upward and downward oscillation motion.
In a continuous casting machine, used i.a. in steel production, the oscillation table is used to impart to the casting mould an upward and downward oscillation motion, either according to a defined radius or, less frequently, along a vertical direction in order to prevent the cast steel from remaining stuck to the water-cooled copper wall of the mould.
In the presently in use oscillating tables, the applied oscillation frequency is dependent upon the casting speed. The amplitude is fixed but is generally adaptable by exchanging eccentrics.
In the upward motion of the casting mould, there is always a relative speed difference between slab, billet or bloom being formed and the casting mould.
In the downward motion of the casting mould, the speed of the casting mould is initially less than, subsequently equal and thereafter greater than, the speed of the slab, billet or bloom. Upon the end of the descending motion, the speed of the casting mould is again equal to and thereafter less than the speed of the slab.
The period during which the speed of the casting mould in the downward motion is greater than the speed of the billet is referred to as the "negative strip".
The usual driving mechanisms for oscillating tables use linear electric motors driving eccentric shafts via reduction gearboxes and driving shafts. This results in a sinusoidal movement which is not satisfactory because the time during which the speed of the slab is nearly equal to the speed of the mould during the downward movement of the mould and causes the cast steel to stuck to the wall of the mould is too long.
Document FR-A-1266961 discloses a process for continuously casting metal using an oscillating table. This oscillating table comprises a movable part linked via an axle or a driving mechanism to introduce an upward and downward oscillating motion. The driving mechanism and the axle are driven at a certain angular speed, which determines the frequency of the motion of the movable part. The specific form of the axle causes a different speed for the upward and the downward motion. The apparatus as disclosed in this document comprises means to change frequency of the motion, but no means to change the form of the motion curve. The form is entirely dependent on the form of the axle.
The problems of the oscillating table as described in this document can be summarised as follows. There are no possibilities to change the motion curve form other than by replacing the axle by an axle with a different form. To do this, the machine must be stopped. No means are present to change the angular speed in a periodical or programmable way. Moreover, no corrections can be made in case of partial wear of the axle, which will change the motion curve form.
It is a goal of the invention to provide an oscillating table of the type mentioned hereabove, whereby the drawbacks of existing oscillating tables are avoided. To this end, the oscillating table according to the invention is characterised in that, the driving mechanism comprises driving means for driving the eccentric with a non-uniform angular speed. In this way the facility is obtained to operate any lifting and descending motion of the casting mould. By maximizing the negative strip, i.e. by raising the downward speed of the casting mould to a considerably higher value than that of the upward speed, the period during which the cast steel strikes onto the wall of the mould because of the too small difference in speed is not long enough for the cast steel to stuck to the wall of the mould.
The oscillating table according to the invention is characterised in that the driving means comprises a hydraulic motor provided with a control system. By way of a hydraulic motor a non-uniform angular speed of the outgoing driving shaft can be easily obtained by controlling the pressure of the supplied hydraulic oil.
An advantageous embodiment is characterised in that the control system comprises a hydraulic servo or proportional valve and an electronic controller for controlling the servo or valve.
In practice the oscillating table is nearly always driven via more than one eccentric. A further embodiment of the oscillating table according to the invention is characterised in that the driving mechanism comprises a further eccentric driven by a further hydraulic motor and means for synchronising the two hydraulic motors.
The motors need to have perfect synchronization. To this end still a further embodiment is characterised in that the synchronising means comprises measurement means for indicating the exact position of the motors, which measurement means are coupled to the control system. By interaction between the electronic controller for controlling the hydraulic servo or proportional valves and the position measurements of the motors, perfect synchronization is obtained.
A preferred embodiment is characterised in that, the synchronising means comprises a mechanical synchronisation means coupled to both hydraulic motors. This mechanical synchronisation means can be applied instead of the mentioned electronic synchronization or as a safeguard besides the electronic synchronization.
In a practical embodiment, the mechanical synchronisation means comprises a synchronisation shaft.
The invention will now be further elucidated on the basis of an example embodiment of the oscillating table according to the invention, as depicted in the drawings.
  • Figure 1 shows a plan view of a oscillation table according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 shows a side view of the oscillating table; and
  • Figure 3 shows a chart depicting a non-uniform motion of the oscillating table.
    • Figures 1 and 2 show an oscillating table 1 according to the invention at different views. The oscillation table 1 which supports a casting mould (not shown) comprises a fixed part 3 and a moving part 5. The casting mould is tightened by four bolts on the top side of the movable part 5 (= oscillating portion). The fixed part 3 rests on the outer edges on fixed racks 7 (anchored in the concrete structure).
    At each corner of the fixed part 3 there is a combined mounting with eccentric. The eccentric shaft 9 is beared in two fixed bearings 11 at each side of the eccentric 13. Attached to the eccentrics 13 are connecting rods 15, by which the moving part 5 is suspended. The eccentrics 13 are coupled to the connecting rods by moving eccentric bearings. These eccentrics 13 are connected two by two by a connecting shaft 17.
    On the outer side of the fixed part 3 there are placed on the eccentric shafts 9 hydraulic motors 19, which drive the two eccentrics 13 and thus generate an upward and downward motion of the casting mould. These hydraulic motors 19 replace the usual linear electric motor which drives the eccentric shafts via reduction gearboxes and driving shafts.
    Each motor 19 has a connection to a bevel gearbox 21 by teethcoupling 23. The connection between the gearbox 21 and the eccentric shaft 9 is provided with a free play elastic coupling 25.
    The motors 19 are controlled by a control system. The control system comprises hydraulic servos or proportional valves 27 and an electronic controller 29 for controlling the servos or valves. The hydraulic motors 19 and the control system are part of driving means for driving the eccentrics 13 with a non-uniform angular speed.
    The drive is effected with the servos or valves 27 installed as close as possible to the motors 19, possibly provided with the necessary accumulators for each motor control system.
    The driving means on their turn are parts of an overall driving mechanism of the oscillating table.
    The hydraulic oil is supplied under pressure. The hydraulic pressure is determined by the mass to be accelerated and the actual acceleration required.
    In contradistinction to the solution of the state of the art, according to the invention the motors are not uniformly driven. During the downward motion of the casting mould, a much greater speed is indeed sought than during the upward motion. In order to make the negative strip as large as possible, the transition from high (descend) to low speed (ascend) can take place, for example, in the ascendant motion.
    The braking, the transition to a uniform or non-uniform slow lifting speed and the acceleration to high descending speed takes place during the upwards motion of the slab.
    In order to realise this kind of oscillation control, the angular speed of the hydraulic motors has to be continuously adjustable. With this continuous adjustment, an optional sinusoidal or other form can be set.
    In the chart, shown in figure 3, an example of a non-uniform motion with fast descending and slow ascending speeds is depicted.
    The hydraulic motors 19 are not uniformly driven. At each moment the speed on both motors must be equal. The speed on both motors 19 is realised by interaction of the electronic controller 29.
    The position of the motor 19 is monitored by an absolute-value transmitter or pulse generator 31 for each motor or any other system which indicates the exact position of the motors.
    The motors need to have perfect synchronization, which is realized by interaction between the electronic controller 29 for controlling the hydraulic servo or proportional valves 27 and the position measurements of the motors. As a safeguard, an additional mechanical synchronization i.a. a mechanical synchronization shaft 33 is provided between both gearboxes 21. If there is a failure on the electronic controller 29 for example, at this moment the mechanical synchronization guarantees that both motors 19 are in phase. Even when one of the motors 19 is out of service, both eccentric shafts 9 are still driven (one eccentric shaft is driven with the synchronization shaft at this moment).
    The hydraulic motors 19 in question can be of the axial or radial type: hydraulic gear wheel or baffle motors also being possible.
    By equipping an oscillation table with hydraulic motors provided with a control system which allows a variable angular speed for each revolution, the facility is obtained to operate any lifting and descending motion of the casting mould. The higher the acceleration (dependent upon the controller and the mass to be accelerated), the greater is the approximation to a sawtooth shape.
    Although the invention has been elucidated on the basis of the accompanying drawings in the discussion to this point, it should be noted that the invention is in no way restricted to just this embodiment depicted in the drawings. The invention also encompasses all the derivative embodiments which differ from the depicted embodiment within the scope defined in the claims. As an example, it is also possible to omit the mechanical synchronisation shaft or to drive all eccentrics by one hydraulic motor. It is also to be noted that the oscillating table is not restricted for use in continuous casting machines but that the oscillating table in accordance with the present invention can be used anywhere where oscillating tables are applied.

    Claims (6)

    1. Oscillating table (1) comprising a movable part (5), coupled via an eccentric (13) to a driving mechanism for introducing an upward and downward oscillation motion, characterised in that the driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor (19) provided with a control system so that the eccentric (13) is driven with a non-uniform angular speed.
    2. Oscillating table (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that, the control system comprises a hydraulic servo or proportional valve (27) and an electronic controller (29) for controlling the servo or valve.
    3. Oscillating table (1) according to claim 2, characterised in that, the driving mechanism comprises a further eccentric (13) driven by a further hydraulic motor (19) and means for synchronising the two hydraulic motors.
    4. Oscillating table (1) according to claim 3, characterised in that, the synchronising means comprises measurement means for indicating the exact position of the motors (19), which measurement means are coupled to the control system.
    5. Oscillating table (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that, the synchronising means comprises a mechanical synchronisation means coupled to both hydraulic motors (19).
    6. Oscillating table (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that, the mechanical synchronisation means comprises a synchronisation shaft (33).
    EP96927460A 1995-08-25 1996-08-23 Oscillating table, in particular for use in a continuous casting machine Revoked EP0846036B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    US281895P 1995-08-25 1995-08-25
    PCT/BE1996/000089 WO1997007910A1 (en) 1995-08-25 1996-08-23 Oscillating table, in particular for use in a continuous casting machine
    US2818 2001-11-02

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0846036A1 EP0846036A1 (en) 1998-06-10
    EP0846036B1 true EP0846036B1 (en) 2001-10-31

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    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP96927460A Revoked EP0846036B1 (en) 1995-08-25 1996-08-23 Oscillating table, in particular for use in a continuous casting machine

    Country Status (11)

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    US (1) US6149292A (en)
    EP (1) EP0846036B1 (en)
    JP (1) JPH11511075A (en)
    KR (1) KR19990037638A (en)
    AT (1) ATE207781T1 (en)
    AU (1) AU6727996A (en)
    BR (1) BR9610097A (en)
    CA (1) CA2228904A1 (en)
    DE (1) DE69616567T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2165994T3 (en)
    WO (1) WO1997007910A1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP1153679B1 (en) * 2000-05-09 2006-09-20 Fata Aluminium S.p.A. A bearing system for a sand container to be vibrated in a lost foam casting apparatus
    US6808304B2 (en) * 2002-08-27 2004-10-26 Dade Behring Inc. Method for mixing liquid samples using a linear oscillation stroke
    KR100887143B1 (en) * 2002-08-28 2009-03-04 주식회사 포스코 An apparatus for generating vibration of molten steel in ladle
    CN101648259B (en) * 2009-08-26 2011-06-29 中冶连铸技术工程股份有限公司 Vibrating device for continuous caster crystallizer
    KR20210077470A (en) 2019-12-17 2021-06-25 김태학 Electric panel

    Family Cites Families (14)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    FR1235705A (en) * 1958-07-31 1960-07-08 British Iron Steel Research Continuous metal casting improvements
    FR1266961A (en) * 1960-09-08 1961-07-17 Concast Ag Continuous casting process of metals in through shells
    FR1275262A (en) * 1960-11-29 1961-11-03 Concast Ag Hydraulic control device for imparting vibratory motion to the shell of a continuous molding machine
    AT262012B (en) * 1965-03-22 1968-05-27 Venanzetti Vibrazioni S A Vibration device
    US3724819A (en) * 1971-11-24 1973-04-03 Garver F Apparatus and method for the vibratory feeding of pulverulent and granular materials
    US3866480A (en) * 1972-06-02 1975-02-18 Martin Concrete Eng Co Orbital vibrator
    DE2232718B2 (en) * 1972-07-04 1981-01-08 Vereinigte Aluminium-Werke Ag, 5300 Bonn Device for the production of shaped bodies by compression
    US4202634A (en) * 1976-11-05 1980-05-13 Kraft Harold D Rack for vessels and means for agitating the vessels in the rack
    US4151982A (en) * 1977-06-20 1979-05-01 L. B. Foster Company Apparatus for cleaning metallurgical vessels such as slag pots and ladles
    US4262549A (en) * 1978-05-10 1981-04-21 Schwellenbach Donald D Variable mechanical vibrator
    JPS57127549A (en) * 1981-01-30 1982-08-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Oscillator for mold
    US4766771A (en) * 1984-11-15 1988-08-30 Outboard Marine Corporation Shaking apparatus
    JPS61162256A (en) * 1985-01-08 1986-07-22 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> Improvement of surface characteristic of continuous casting steel ingot
    US4860816A (en) * 1988-09-15 1989-08-29 General Kinematics Corporation Control system for vibratory apparatus

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    JPH11511075A (en) 1999-09-28
    US6149292A (en) 2000-11-21
    BR9610097A (en) 1999-02-17
    DE69616567D1 (en) 2001-12-06
    WO1997007910A1 (en) 1997-03-06
    CA2228904A1 (en) 1997-03-06
    EP0846036A1 (en) 1998-06-10
    AU6727996A (en) 1997-03-19
    DE69616567T2 (en) 2002-06-27
    ATE207781T1 (en) 2001-11-15
    KR19990037638A (en) 1999-05-25
    ES2165994T3 (en) 2002-04-01

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