EP0839918B1 - Method and apparatus for cooling an object - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for cooling an object Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0839918B1
EP0839918B1 EP96810731A EP96810731A EP0839918B1 EP 0839918 B1 EP0839918 B1 EP 0839918B1 EP 96810731 A EP96810731 A EP 96810731A EP 96810731 A EP96810731 A EP 96810731A EP 0839918 B1 EP0839918 B1 EP 0839918B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coolant
jets
microchannels
process according
article
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96810731A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0839918A1 (en
Inventor
Miroslaw Plata
Claude-Alain Rolle
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3A Composites International AG
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Alcan Technology and Management Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcan Technology and Management Ltd filed Critical Alcan Technology and Management Ltd
Priority to EP96810731A priority Critical patent/EP0839918B1/en
Priority to DE59608802T priority patent/DE59608802D1/en
Priority to AT96810731T priority patent/ATE213785T1/en
Priority to AU40986/97A priority patent/AU722395B2/en
Priority to ZA9709364A priority patent/ZA979364B/en
Priority to CA002218781A priority patent/CA2218781C/en
Priority to US08/955,286 priority patent/US5902543A/en
Priority to NO19975000A priority patent/NO319260B1/en
Priority to JP30180597A priority patent/JP3984339B2/en
Publication of EP0839918A1 publication Critical patent/EP0839918A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0839918B1 publication Critical patent/EP0839918B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cooling an object by applying a liquid coolant to the Surface of the object in the form of continuous Coolant jets.
  • a liquid coolant to the Surface of the object in the form of continuous Coolant jets.
  • One is also within the scope of the invention device suitable for carrying out the method and an application of the method or use of the device.
  • the metal When cooling pressed profiles and hot-rolled strips made of an aluminum alloy from the pressing or hot rolling temperature the metal needs to be from about 450 to 480 ° C in as possible in a short time to less than about 300 ° C, in many cases cooled to about 100 ° C.
  • EP-A-0343103 describes a method for cooling pressed profiles and roller belts known, in which by means of spray nozzles a water mist is generated. However, this procedure is for the rapid inline cooling of hot rolled strips because of the not suitable for low heat transfer. This previously known Cooling method using spray nozzles is in EP-A-0429394 described for cooling cast metal strands.
  • EP-A-0578607 describes an inline method for cooling profiles emerging from an extruder disclosed which the spray nozzles known from EP-A-0343103 in Modules are installed.
  • EP-A-0695590 describes a method and a device for cooling hot-rolled plates and strips an aluminum alloy known, with cut plates or belts continuously pass through a cooling station and in this directly supplied with water via flat jet nozzles become.
  • the water jet is additionally made by means of a flat jet nozzle Air or water jets are periodically deflected in such a way that the water jet hitting the plate or belt surface performs a wiping motion.
  • Flat jet nozzles result when the water jet hits a narrow one on the plate or belt surface Impact area with high heat transfer.
  • This locally high Heat transfer together with the wiping movement leads to one even heat removal.
  • the heat removal is too low, for example for hot rolled strips from an aluminum alloy after the last one Stitch a short distance before reeling, i.e. in very short time, to a temperature of less than 300 ° C cool.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a method and a device of the type mentioned create with which the cooling capacity compared to known Methods and devices can be further increased.
  • Complete evaporation prevents training a water film that inhibits heat extraction. Arise no local build-up of coolant that leads to an uncontrolled Cooling and thus too different mechanical properties near the surface of the object being able to lead. Such differences in mechanical For example, a later forming operation due to a locally different Forming behavior disturbs the surface quality impact.
  • the method according to the invention is also particularly suitable for all areas of application where there is an explosive evaporation of coolant can have a negative or even dangerous effect can.
  • the cooling capacity can be achieved with the method according to the invention optimally control what makes the generation more accurate and reproducible Cooling conditions enabled.
  • the coolant becomes Achieving optimal cooling performance over a variety Coolant jets distributed over the surface to be cooled applied small diameter.
  • Each jet of coolant has a diameter from 20 to 200 ⁇ m, in particular 30 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the distance the points of impact of adjacent coolant jets on the surface is preferably 2 to 10 mm, in particular about 3 to 5 mm.
  • a maximum cooling performance results with a laminar Flow of the coolant jets.
  • the dwell time of the item in the cooling zone is very in short, care must be taken to ensure that the heat is removed from the surface of the object for the most part by evaporation and only to a small extent by heating of the coolant to the evaporation temperature. If the temperature of the surface is too low There is a risk that the coolant coolant not completely evaporated and thus the cooling capacity reducing coolant film on the surface leads.
  • the temperature of the coolant is therefore preferably a maximum of 50 ° C, in particular a maximum of 10 ° C, lower than that Boiling point of the coolant.
  • water is preferably used as a coolant for aluminum alloys water is preferably used.
  • the object to be cooled is expediently transverse to the beam direction of the coolant moves. This happens during cooling stationary objects preferably by oscillation or Vibration, with inline cooling through continuous Displacement of the object to be cooled. alternative or in addition to the movement of the object to be cooled can also the coolant jets or the cooling device through oscillation or vibration relative to the object be moved.
  • Suitable device is characterized by the features of claim 7 and comprises a plurality of nozzles Applying the individual coolant jets to the surface of the object.
  • Each nozzle has one Diameters from 20 to 200 ⁇ m, preferably 30 to 100 ⁇ m, on.
  • the nozzles are in a carrier as microchannels made of graphite, ceramic, glass, metal or plastic and the carrier is made of sheet-like Stack of elements, the surfaces of the elements serving as stacking surfaces are fluid-tight against each other.
  • the carrier is made of sheet-like Stack of elements, the surfaces of the elements serving as stacking surfaces are fluid-tight against each other.
  • the are facing surfaces of adjacent elements Grooves arranged to form the microchannels such that Cooling liquid on one side of the formed by the grooves Microchannels enter and on the other side of the Microchannels can leak out.
  • the elements are preferred as plates with plane-parallel ones Surfaces formed and have at least one opening to supply the coolant to the microchannels.
  • the grooves connect the opening to the outer edge of the preferably annular plates.
  • the grooves have a width and a depth of 20 to 200 microns, preferably 30 to 100 microns.
  • the individual elements According to the desired distance of the impact points have adjacent coolant jets on the surface the individual elements have a thickness of 2 to 10 mm, preferably 3 to 5 mm.
  • a preferred application of the method according to the invention as well as the device is in continuous cooling a hot-rolled aluminum alloy strip seen.
  • the high cooling capacity of the method according to the invention allows in the often limited existing Space between the rolling mill and reel device to arrange a small and powerful cooling unit.
  • the method and the device according to the invention can also ideal for applying a thin layer of release agent on the still hot surface of a mold be used.
  • the release agent becomes the coolant added. Because the coolant when hitting the hot surface completely evaporated, the application takes place of the release agent is extremely even.
  • the cooling nozzles can be used to apply release agents to the mold surface a die-casting mold mounted on a tree in the usual way be after the demolding between the mold halves of the opened mold is introduced.
  • a nozzle module has a tubular support 10 with a central feed channel 12 for feed a coolant to microchannels or nozzles 14.
  • the Microchannels 14 connect the central feed channel 12 with the surface of the carrier 10.
  • the coolant exits through the microchannels 14 in the form of individual coolant jets 16 and strikes the hot surface 20 of an object 18, for example a hot-rolled strip made of an aluminum alloy, essentially at right angles.
  • an object for example a hot-rolled strip made of an aluminum alloy, essentially at right angles.
  • T k in the feed channel 12 is, for example, approximately 90 ° C., ie it is approximately 10 ° C. below the boiling temperature T s of water.
  • the length 1 of the microchannels 14 is 10 mm, for example and the diameter c of the channels is e.g. at 50 ⁇ m.
  • the distance of the impact points the coolant jets 16 on the surface 20 of item 18 is e.g. 3 mm.
  • the dimensions of the microchannels 14 or the coolant jets 16 is chosen so that the coolant jets 16 at Impact on the surface 20 of the hot object 18 completely change into coolant vapor 22.
  • the nozzle module shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 consists of individual annular plates 32 from, for example Alumina ceramics with plane-parallel polished surfaces 34 with a small degree of roughness.
  • surfaces 34 are radial from central opening 36 grooves 40 running to the outer edge 38 of the plate 32 arranged.
  • the grooves have a width b and a depth t of, for example, 50 ⁇ m each.
  • the individual tiles 32 a thickness e of, for example, 3 mm between two end plates 42 fixed stack 30 lined up.
  • One of the two end plates 42 has a coolant inlet opening 44 provided in one from the central opening 36 of the individual plates 32 formed coolant channel 46 of the stack 30 opens.
  • 5 and 6 are the individual plates 32 rectangular and have several central openings 36, of which each in one of the Surfaces 34 incorporated grooves 40 also to the edge 38 of the plate 32 run.
  • the cooling surface covered by the coolant jets 16 on the belt 50 is approximately 2 m 2 with a bandwidth of 2 m and a length of the cooling station of 1 m. With such an order, the total number of microchannels 14 is approximately 200,000. Depending on the desired cooling capacity, the coolant can be applied to one or both surfaces of the belt 50.
  • the cooling capacity of the method according to the invention was determined on the basis of cooling tests on test specimens.
  • a coolant jet was applied to the end face of a cylindrical specimen made of aluminum, 50 mm long and 4 mm in diameter.
  • the time course of the temperature of the test specimen under different blasting conditions is shown in FIG. 8. Water with a temperature of 18 ° C. was used as the coolant.
  • the following values were selected as the operating parameters for the coolant jet: Curve A Beam diameter 100 ⁇ m water pressure 4 bar Cooling water flow 9.66 ml / min
  • Curve B Beam diameter 100 ⁇ m water pressure 8 bar Cooling water flow 13.4 ml / min
  • Curves A and B clearly show the high cooling capacity of the inventive method.
  • the cooling rates achieved were at 50 ° C / sec (curve A) or 200 ° C / sec (Curve B).
  • the cooling rates are comparatively low for the specimen used here with conventional Cooling between about 5 and 15 ° C / sec.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Encapsulation Of And Coatings For Semiconductor Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The method concerns cooling of a product (18) by application of a liquid coolant in the form of a continuous jet (16) to the product surface (20). The delivery rate of each jet is adjusted so that the coolant hitting the product surface completely evaporates. The claim covering a corresponding apparatus is summarized below. Also claimed is an application of the invention to produce a thin layer of a separating agent (which has been mixed with the coolant) on the surface of glass moulds.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Kühlen eines Gegenstandes durch Aufbringen eines flüssigen Kühlmittels auf die Oberfläche des Gegenstandes in der Form kontinuierlicher Kühlmittelstrahlen. Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt auch eine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignete Vorrichtung sowie eine Anwendung des Verfahrens bzw. eine Verwendung der Vorrichtung.The invention relates to a method for cooling an object by applying a liquid coolant to the Surface of the object in the form of continuous Coolant jets. One is also within the scope of the invention device suitable for carrying out the method and an application of the method or use of the device.

Bei der Abkühlung von Pressprofilen und warmgewalzten Bändern aus einer Aluminiumlegierung von der Press- bzw. Warmwalztemperatur muss das Metall von etwa 450 bis 480°C in möglichst kurzer Zeit auf weniger als etwa 300°C, in vielen Fällen bis auf etwa 100°C, abgekühlt werden.When cooling pressed profiles and hot-rolled strips made of an aluminum alloy from the pressing or hot rolling temperature the metal needs to be from about 450 to 480 ° C in as possible in a short time to less than about 300 ° C, in many cases cooled to about 100 ° C.

Aus der EP-A-0343103 ist ein Verfahren zum Kühlen von Pressprofilen und Walzbändern bekannt, bei dem mittels Spraydüsen ein Wassernebel erzeugt wird. Dieses Verfahren ist jedoch für das rasche inline-Kühlen von Warmwalzbändern wegen des zu geringen Wärmeübergangs nicht geeignet. Dieses vorbekannte Kühlverfahren mittels Spraydüsen ist in der EP-A-0429394 zum Kühlen gegossener Metallstränge beschrieben.EP-A-0343103 describes a method for cooling pressed profiles and roller belts known, in which by means of spray nozzles a water mist is generated. However, this procedure is for the rapid inline cooling of hot rolled strips because of the not suitable for low heat transfer. This previously known Cooling method using spray nozzles is in EP-A-0429394 described for cooling cast metal strands.

In der EP-A-0578607 ist ein inline-Verfahren zum Kühlen von aus einer Strangpresse austretenden Profilen offenbart, bei welchem die aus der EP-A-0343103 bekannten Spraydüsen in Module eingebaut sind.EP-A-0578607 describes an inline method for cooling profiles emerging from an extruder disclosed which the spray nozzles known from EP-A-0343103 in Modules are installed.

Aus der EP-A-0695590 ist ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zum Kühlen von warmgewalzten Platten und Bändern aus einer Aluminiumlegierung bekannt, wobei abgelängte Platten oder Bänder kontinuierlich eine Kühlstation durchlaufen und in dieser über Flachstrahldüsen direkt mit Wasser beaufschlagt werden. Unmittelbar nach seinem Austritt aus der Flachstrahldüse wird der Wasserstrahl zusätzlich mittels Luft- oder Wasserstrahlen periodisch derart abgelenkt, dass der auf die Platten- oder Bandoberfläche auftreffende Wasserstrahl eine Wischbewegung ausführt. Mit dem Einsatz von Flachstrahldüsen ergibt sich beim Auftreffen des Wasserstrahls auf der Platten- oder Bandoberfläche eine schmale Auftrefffläche mit hohem Wärmeübergang. Dieser lokal hohe Wärmeübergang führt zusammen mit der Wischbewegung zu einem gleichmässigen Wärmeentzug. Auch bei diesem Verfahren ist jedoch der Wärmeentzug zu gering, um beispielsweise Warmwalzbänder aus einer Aluminiumlegierung nach dem letzten Stich vor dem Aufhaspeln auf einer kurzen Strecke, d.h. in sehr kurzer Zeit, auf eine Temperatur von weniger als 300°C abzukühlen.EP-A-0695590 describes a method and a device for cooling hot-rolled plates and strips an aluminum alloy known, with cut plates or belts continuously pass through a cooling station and in this directly supplied with water via flat jet nozzles become. Immediately after leaving the The water jet is additionally made by means of a flat jet nozzle Air or water jets are periodically deflected in such a way that the water jet hitting the plate or belt surface performs a wiping motion. With the use of Flat jet nozzles result when the water jet hits a narrow one on the plate or belt surface Impact area with high heat transfer. This locally high Heat transfer together with the wiping movement leads to one even heat removal. Even with this procedure however, the heat removal is too low, for example for hot rolled strips from an aluminum alloy after the last one Stitch a short distance before reeling, i.e. in very short time, to a temperature of less than 300 ° C cool.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, mit welchen die Kühlleistung gegenüber bekannten Verfahren und Vorrichtungen weiter gesteigert werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object of a method and a device of the type mentioned create with which the cooling capacity compared to known Methods and devices can be further increased.

In bezug auf das Verfahren wird die Aufgabe durch die Merkmale von Auspruch 1 gelöst.With regard to the method, the object is achieved by the features of expression 1.

Die vollständige Verdampfung verhindert die Ausbildung eines den Wärmeentzug hemmenden Wasserfilms. Es entstehen keine lokale Ansammlungen von Kühlmittel, die zu einer unkontrollierten Abkühlung und damit zu unterschiedlichen mechanischen Eigenschaften in Oberflächennähe des Gegenstandes führen können. Derartige Unterschiede in den mechanischen Eigenschaften können sich beispielsweise bei einer späteren Umformoperation infolge eines lokal unterschiedlichen Umformverhaltens störend auf die Oberflächenqualität auswirken.Complete evaporation prevents training a water film that inhibits heat extraction. Arise no local build-up of coolant that leads to an uncontrolled Cooling and thus too different mechanical properties near the surface of the object being able to lead. Such differences in mechanical For example, a later forming operation due to a locally different Forming behavior disturbs the surface quality impact.

Wegen der vollständigen Verdampfung des Kühlmittels eignet sich das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren insbesondere auch für alle Einsatzbereiche, wo sich eine explosionsartige Verdampfung von Kühlmittel negativ oder sogar gefährlich auswirken kann.Suitable due to the complete evaporation of the coolant The method according to the invention is also particularly suitable for all areas of application where there is an explosive evaporation of coolant can have a negative or even dangerous effect can.

Mit dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren lässt sich die Kühlleistung optimal steuern, was die Erzeugung genauer und reproduzierbarer Abkühlbedingungen ermöglicht.The cooling capacity can be achieved with the method according to the invention optimally control what makes the generation more accurate and reproducible Cooling conditions enabled.

Damit eine möglichst hohe Wassermenge zur Verdampfung gebracht werden kann, ohne dass sich an der Oberfläche des Gegenstandes ein Wasserfilm bildet, wird das Kühlmittel zur Erzielung einer optimalen Kühlleistung über eine Vielzahl über die zu kühlende Oberfläche verteilte Kühlmittelstrahlen geringen Durchmessers aufgebracht.So that the greatest possible amount of water is evaporated can be without being on the surface of the object forms a film of water, the coolant becomes Achieving optimal cooling performance over a variety Coolant jets distributed over the surface to be cooled applied small diameter.

Jeder Kühlmittelstrahl weist einen Durchmesser von 20 bis 200 µm, insbesondere 30 bis 100 µm, auf. Der Abstand der Auftreffpunkte benachbarter Kühlmittelstrahlen auf der Oberfläche beträgt vorzugsweise 2 bis 10 mm, insbesondere etwa 3 bis 5 mm.Each jet of coolant has a diameter from 20 to 200 µm, in particular 30 to 100 µm. The distance the points of impact of adjacent coolant jets on the surface is preferably 2 to 10 mm, in particular about 3 to 5 mm.

Eine maximale Kühlleistung ergibt sich mit einer laminaren Strömung der Kühlmittelstrahlen.A maximum cooling performance results with a laminar Flow of the coolant jets.

Ist die Verweilzeit des Gegenstandes in der Abkühlzone sehr kurz, so muss darauf geachtet werden, dass der Wärmeentzug aus der Oberfläche des Gegenstandes zum überwiegenden Teil durch Verdampfung und nur zu einem geringen Teil durch Aufheizen des Kühlmittels auf die Verdampfungstemperatur erfolgt. Bei zu tiefer Temperatur des auf der Oberfläche auftreffenden Kühlmittels besteht die Gefahr, dass das Kühlmittel nicht vollständig verdampft und damit zu einem die Kühlleistung vermindernden Kühlmittelfilm auf der Oberfläche führt. Bevorzugt liegt daher die Temperatur des Kühlmittels maximal 50°C, insbesondere maximal 10°C, niedriger als die Siedetemperatur des Kühlmittels. Als Kühlmittel für Aluminiumlegierungen wird im übrigen bevorzugt Wasser eingesetzt. The dwell time of the item in the cooling zone is very in short, care must be taken to ensure that the heat is removed from the surface of the object for the most part by evaporation and only to a small extent by heating of the coolant to the evaporation temperature. If the temperature of the surface is too low There is a risk that the coolant coolant not completely evaporated and thus the cooling capacity reducing coolant film on the surface leads. The temperature of the coolant is therefore preferably a maximum of 50 ° C, in particular a maximum of 10 ° C, lower than that Boiling point of the coolant. As a coolant for aluminum alloys water is preferably used.

Zweckmässig wird der zu kühlende Gegenstand quer zur Strahlrichtung des Kühlmittels bewegt. Dies geschieht bei der Kühlung ruhender Gegenstände bevorzugt durch Oszillation bzw. Vibration, bei einer inline-Kühlung durch eine kontinuierliche Verschiebung des zu kühlenden Gegenstandes. Alternativ oder zusätzlich zur Bewegung des zu kühlenden Gegenstandes können auch die Kühlmittelstrahlen bzw. die Kühlvorrichtung durch Oszillation bzw. Vibration relativ zum Gegenstand bewegt werden.The object to be cooled is expediently transverse to the beam direction of the coolant moves. This happens during cooling stationary objects preferably by oscillation or Vibration, with inline cooling through continuous Displacement of the object to be cooled. alternative or in addition to the movement of the object to be cooled can also the coolant jets or the cooling device through oscillation or vibration relative to the object be moved.

Eine zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens geeignete Vorrichtung zeichnet sich aus durch die Merkmale von Anspruch 7 und umfasst eine Vielzahl von Düsen zum Aufbringen der einzelnen Kühlmittelstrahlen auf die Oberfläche des Gegenstandes. Hierbei weist jede Düse einen Durchmesser von 20 bis 200 µm, vorzugsweise 30 bis 100 µm, auf.One for carrying out the method according to the invention Suitable device is characterized by the features of claim 7 and comprises a plurality of nozzles Applying the individual coolant jets to the surface of the object. Each nozzle has one Diameters from 20 to 200 µm, preferably 30 to 100 µm, on.

Die Düsen sind als Mikrokanäle in einem Träger aus Graphit, Keramik, Glas, Metall oder Kunststoff ausgebildet und der Träger ist durch einen aus flächenförmigen Elementen zusammengesetzten Stapel gebildet, wobei die als Stapelflächen dienenden Oberflächen der Elemente einander fluiddicht anliegen. In wenigstens eine der einander zugewandten Oberflächen benachbarter Elemente sind Rillen zur Bildung der Mikrokanäle derart angeordnet, dass Kühlflüssigkeit auf der einen Seite der durch die Rillen gebildeten Mikrokanäle eintreten und auf der anderen Seite der Mikrokanäle austreten kann.The nozzles are in a carrier as microchannels made of graphite, ceramic, glass, metal or plastic and the carrier is made of sheet-like Stack of elements, the surfaces of the elements serving as stacking surfaces are fluid-tight against each other. In at least one of the are facing surfaces of adjacent elements Grooves arranged to form the microchannels such that Cooling liquid on one side of the formed by the grooves Microchannels enter and on the other side of the Microchannels can leak out.

Die Elemente sind bevorzugt als Plättchen mit planparallelen Oberflächen ausgebildet und weisen wenigstens eine Oeffnung zur Zuführung der Kühlflüssigkeit an die Mikrokanäle auf. Die Rillen verbinden die Oeffnung mit dem äusseren Rand der vorzugsweise kreisringförmig ausgebildeten Plättchen. The elements are preferred as plates with plane-parallel ones Surfaces formed and have at least one opening to supply the coolant to the microchannels. The grooves connect the opening to the outer edge of the preferably annular plates.

In Uebereinstimmung mit den Dimensionen der Kühlmittelstrahlen weisen die Rillen eine Breite und eine Tiefe von 20 bis 200 µm, vorzugsweise 30 bis 100 µm, auf.In accordance with the dimensions of the coolant jets the grooves have a width and a depth of 20 to 200 microns, preferably 30 to 100 microns.

Entsprechend dem gewünschten Abstand der Auftreffpunkte benachbarter Kühlmittelstrahlen auf der Oberfläche weisen die einzelnen Elemente eine Dicke von 2 bis 10 mm, vorzugsweise 3 bis 5 mm, auf.According to the desired distance of the impact points have adjacent coolant jets on the surface the individual elements have a thickness of 2 to 10 mm, preferably 3 to 5 mm.

Eine bevorzugte Anwendung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens sowie der Vorrichtung wird in der kontinuierlichen Kühlung eines warmgewalzten Bandes aus einer Aluminiumlegierung gesehen. Die hohe Kühlleistung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens ermöglicht es, in dem oft nur beschränkt vorhandenen Zwischenraum zwischen Walzwerk und Haspeleinrichtung ein kleines und zugleich leistungsfähiges Kühlaggregat anzuordnen.A preferred application of the method according to the invention as well as the device is in continuous cooling a hot-rolled aluminum alloy strip seen. The high cooling capacity of the method according to the invention allows in the often limited existing Space between the rolling mill and reel device to arrange a small and powerful cooling unit.

Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren und die Vorrichtung können in idealer Weise auch zum Auftragen einer dünnen Trennmittelschicht auf die noch heisse Oberfläche einer Giessform eingesetzt werden. Hierzu wird das Trennmittel dem Kühlmittel beigemischt. Da das Kühlmittel beim Auftreffen auf die heisse Oberfläche vollständig verdampft, erfolgt der Auftrag des Trennmittels äusserst gleichmässig. Die Kühldüsen können zum Auftragen von Trennmittel auf die Formoberfläche einer Druckgiessform in üblicher Art an einem Baum montiert sein, der nach dem Entformen zwischen die Formhälften der geöffneten Giessform eingeführt wird.The method and the device according to the invention can also ideal for applying a thin layer of release agent on the still hot surface of a mold be used. For this purpose, the release agent becomes the coolant added. Because the coolant when hitting the hot surface completely evaporated, the application takes place of the release agent is extremely even. The cooling nozzles can be used to apply release agents to the mold surface a die-casting mold mounted on a tree in the usual way be after the demolding between the mold halves of the opened mold is introduced.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele sowie anhand der Zeichnung; diese zeigt schematisch in

Fig. 1
eine Prinzipdarstellung des Kühlverfahrens mit einzelnen Kühlmittelstrahlen;
Fig. 2
die Seitenansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Düsenmoduls;
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt durch das Modul von Fig. 2 nach deren Linie I-I;
Fig. 4
einen Schnitt durch ein Element des Moduls von Fig. 2 nach der Linie II-II in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5
die Seitenansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines Düsenmoduls;
Fig. 6
einen Schnitt durch das Modul von Fig. 5 nach deren Linie III-III;
Fig. 7
eine Schrägsicht auf eine Anordnung mit Düsenmodulen zum Kühlen eines warmgewalzten Bandes;
Fig. 8
den zeitlichen Verlauf der Temperatur beim Abkühlen von Probekörpern.
Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments and from the drawing; this shows schematically in
Fig. 1
a schematic diagram of the cooling process with individual coolant jets;
Fig. 2
the side view of a first embodiment of a nozzle module;
Fig. 3
a section through the module of Figure 2 along the line II.
Fig. 4
a section through an element of the module of Figure 2 along the line II-II in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5
the side view of a second embodiment of a nozzle module;
Fig. 6
a section through the module of Figure 5 along the line III-III.
Fig. 7
an oblique view of an arrangement with nozzle modules for cooling a hot-rolled strip;
Fig. 8
the time course of the temperature when cooling test specimens.

Gemäss Fig. 1 weist ein Düsenmodul einen rohrförmigen Träger 10 mit einem zentralen Zuführungskanal 12 zur Zuführung eines Kühlmittels zu Mikrokanälen bzw. -düsen 14 auf. Die Mikrokanäle 14 verbinden den zentralen Zuführungskanal 12 mit der Oberfläche des Trägers 10.1, a nozzle module has a tubular support 10 with a central feed channel 12 for feed a coolant to microchannels or nozzles 14. The Microchannels 14 connect the central feed channel 12 with the surface of the carrier 10.

Das Kühlmittel tritt durch die Mikrokanäle 14 in der Form einzelner Kühlmittelstrahlen 16 aus und trifft im wesentlichen rechtwinklig auf die heisse Oberfläche 20 eines Gegenstandes 18, beispielsweise ein warmgewalztes Band aus einer Aluminiumlegierung. Wird Wasser als Kühlmittel verwendet, so beträgt dessen Temperatur Tk im Zuführungskanal 12 beispielsweise etwa 90°C, d.h. sie liegt etwa 10°C unter der Siedetemperatur Ts von Wasser. The coolant exits through the microchannels 14 in the form of individual coolant jets 16 and strikes the hot surface 20 of an object 18, for example a hot-rolled strip made of an aluminum alloy, essentially at right angles. If water is used as the coolant, its temperature T k in the feed channel 12 is, for example, approximately 90 ° C., ie it is approximately 10 ° C. below the boiling temperature T s of water.

Die Länge 1 der Mikrokanäle 14 beträgt beispielsweise 10 mm und der Durchmesser c der Kanäle liegt z.B. bei 50 µm.The length 1 of the microchannels 14 is 10 mm, for example and the diameter c of the channels is e.g. at 50 µm.

Die Kühlmittelstrahlen 16 eines Durchmessers d von beispielsweise 50 µm treffen in einem Abstand h von beispielsweise 30 mm auf der Oberfläche 20 auf. Der Abstand der Auftreffpunkte der Kühlmittelstrahlen 16 auf der Oberfläche 20 des Gegenstandes 18 beträgt z.B. 3 mm.The coolant jets 16 with a diameter d of, for example 50 µm meet at a distance h of, for example 30 mm on the surface 20. The distance of the impact points the coolant jets 16 on the surface 20 of item 18 is e.g. 3 mm.

Die Dimensionen der Mikrokanäle 14 bzw. der Kühlmittelstrahlen 16 wird so gewählt, dass die Kühlmittelstrahlen 16 beim Auftreffen auf der Oberfläche 20 des heissen Gegenstandes 18 vollständig in Kühlmitteldampf 22 übergehen.The dimensions of the microchannels 14 or the coolant jets 16 is chosen so that the coolant jets 16 at Impact on the surface 20 of the hot object 18 completely change into coolant vapor 22.

Das in den Fig. 2 bis 4 dargestellte Düsenmodul besteht aus einzelnen kreisringförmigen Plättchen 32 aus beispielsweise Aluminiumoxidkeramik mit planparallelen polierten Oberflächen 34 mit einem kleinen Rauhigkeitsgrad. In jeweils eine der Oberflächen 34 sind radial von der zentralen Oeffnung 36 zum äusseren Rand 38 des Plättchens 32 verlaufende Rillen 40 angeordnet. Die Rillen weisen eine Breite b sowie eine Tiefe t von beispielsweise je 50 µm auf. Die einzelnen Plättchen 32 einer Dicke e von beispielsweise 3 mm sind zu einem zwischen zwei Endplatten 42 fixierten Stapel 30 aneinandergereiht. Eine der beiden Endplatten 42 ist mit einer Kühlmitteleinlassöffnung 44 versehen, die in einen aus der zentralen Oeffnung 36 der einzelnen Plättchen 32 gebildeten Kühlmittelkanal 46 des Stapels 30 mündet.The nozzle module shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 consists of individual annular plates 32 from, for example Alumina ceramics with plane-parallel polished surfaces 34 with a small degree of roughness. In one each of surfaces 34 are radial from central opening 36 grooves 40 running to the outer edge 38 of the plate 32 arranged. The grooves have a width b and a depth t of, for example, 50 µm each. The individual tiles 32 a thickness e of, for example, 3 mm between two end plates 42 fixed stack 30 lined up. One of the two end plates 42 has a coolant inlet opening 44 provided in one from the central opening 36 of the individual plates 32 formed coolant channel 46 of the stack 30 opens.

Bei dem in den Fig. 5 und 6 dargestellten Düsenmodul sind die einzelnen Plättchen 32 rechteckförmig und weisen mehrere zentrale Oeffnungen 36 auf, von denen die in jeweils eine der Oberflächen 34 eingearbeiteten Rillen 40 ebenfalls zum Rand 38 des Plättchens 32 verlaufen. Selbstverständlich kann auch eine einzige langgestreckte Oeffnung an Stelle einzelner zentraler Oeffnungen 36 vorgesehen sein. 5 and 6 are the individual plates 32 rectangular and have several central openings 36, of which each in one of the Surfaces 34 incorporated grooves 40 also to the edge 38 of the plate 32 run. Of course you can too a single elongated opening instead of a single one central openings 36 may be provided.

In Fig. 7 sind mehrere Düsenmodule bzw. Stapel 30 parallel zueinander in einer Kühlmittelstation zur Kühlung eines warmgewalzten Bandes 50 aus einer Aluminiumlegierung angeordnet. Die einzelnen Düsenmodule oder Stapel 30 sind an eine Kühlmittelzuführungsleitung 48 angeschlossen. Selbstverständlich sollte immer darauf geachtet werden, dass der an der heissen Bandoberfläche entstehende Kühlmitteldampf nicht oberhalb des Bandes kondensiert und auf das Band abtropft. Dies kann dadurch verhindert werden, dass die über dem Band angeordneten Teile der Kühleinrichtung wie z.B. eine Dampfabsaughaube sowie Kühlmittelleitungen auf einer oberhalb der Siedetemperatur des Kühlmittels liegenden Temperatur gehalten werden.7, several nozzle modules or stacks 30 are parallel to each other in a coolant station for cooling a hot rolled strip 50 made of an aluminum alloy. The individual nozzle modules or stacks 30 are connected to one Coolant supply line 48 connected. Of course care should always be taken that the on the coolant vapor generated on the hot strip surface does not condense above the belt and drips onto the belt. This can be prevented by the over parts of the cooling device arranged on the belt, e.g. a steam extraction hood and coolant lines on one temperature above the boiling point of the coolant being held.

Die durch die Kühlmittelstrahlen 16 auf dem Band 50 abgedeckte Kühlfläche beträgt bei einer Bandbreite von 2 m und einer Länge der Kühlstation von 1 m etwa 2 m2. Die Gesamtzahl der Mikrokanäle 14 liegt bei einer derartigen Ordnung bei etwa 200'000. Je nach gewünschter Kühlleistung kann das Kühlmittel auf eine oder auf beide Oberflächen des Bandes 50 aufgetragen werden.The cooling surface covered by the coolant jets 16 on the belt 50 is approximately 2 m 2 with a bandwidth of 2 m and a length of the cooling station of 1 m. With such an order, the total number of microchannels 14 is approximately 200,000. Depending on the desired cooling capacity, the coolant can be applied to one or both surfaces of the belt 50.

Die Kühlleistung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens wurde anhand von Abkühlversuchen an Probekörpern bestimmt. Hierzu wurde die Stirnfläche eines zylindrischen Probekörpers aus Aluminium mit 50 mm Länge und 4 mm Durchmesser mit einem Kühlmittelstrahl beaufschlagt. Der zeitliche Verlauf der Temperatur des Probekörpers bei unterschiedlichen Strahlbedingungen ergibt sich aus Fig. 8. Als Kühlmittel diente Wasser mit einer Temperatur von 18°C. Als Betriebsparameter für den Kühlmittelstrahl wurden folgende Werte gewählt: Kurve A Strahldurchmesser 100 µm Wasserdruck 4 bar Kühlwasserdurchfluss 9.66 ml/min Kurve B Strahldurchmesser 100 µm Wasserdruck 8 bar Kühlwasserdurchfluss 13.4 ml/min The cooling capacity of the method according to the invention was determined on the basis of cooling tests on test specimens. For this purpose, a coolant jet was applied to the end face of a cylindrical specimen made of aluminum, 50 mm long and 4 mm in diameter. The time course of the temperature of the test specimen under different blasting conditions is shown in FIG. 8. Water with a temperature of 18 ° C. was used as the coolant. The following values were selected as the operating parameters for the coolant jet: Curve A Beam diameter 100 µm water pressure 4 bar Cooling water flow 9.66 ml / min Curve B Beam diameter 100 µm water pressure 8 bar Cooling water flow 13.4 ml / min

Die Kurven A und B zeigen deutlich die hohe Kühlleistung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens. Die erzielten Abkühlgeschwindigkeiten lagen bei 50°C/sec (Kurve A) bzw. 200°C/sec (Kurve B). Vergleichsweise liegen die Abkühlgeschwindigkeiten für den hier verwendeten Probekörper bei konventioneller Kühlung zwischen etwa 5 und 15°C/sec.Curves A and B clearly show the high cooling capacity of the inventive method. The cooling rates achieved were at 50 ° C / sec (curve A) or 200 ° C / sec (Curve B). The cooling rates are comparatively low for the specimen used here with conventional Cooling between about 5 and 15 ° C / sec.

Claims (15)

  1. Process for cooling an article by applying a liquid coolant to the surface (20) of the article (18) in the form of continuous jets (16) of coolant, characterised in that the coolant is applied by means of a plurality of jets (16) of coolant having a diameter (d) of 20 to 200 µm distributed over the surface (20) to be cooled, the delivery rate of each jet (16) of coolant being set in such a manner that the coolant striking the surface (20) evaporates completely.
  2. Process according to claim 1, characterised in that each jet (16) of coolant has a diameter (d) of 30 to 100 µm.
  3. Process according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the distance (a) between the points of impact of adjacent jets (16) of coolant on the surface (20) is 2 to 10 mm, preferably 3 to 5 mm.
  4. Process according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the jets (16) of coolant have a laminar flow.
  5. Process according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the temperature (Tk) of the coolant is a maximum of 50°C, preferably a maximum of 10°C lower than its boiling point (Ts).
  6. Process according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the article (18) to be cooled and the jets (16) of coolant move relative to one another transversely to the direction (x) of the jets of coolant, preferably by oscillation of the article (18) to be cooled and/or of the jets (16) of coolant and/or by continuous displacement of the article (18) to be cooled.
  7. Device for carrying out the process according to one of claims 1 to 6, with a plurality of nozzles (14) for applying the individual jets (16) of coolant to the surface (20) of the article (18), characterised in that the nozzles are in the form of microchannels (14) having a diameter (c) of 20 to 200 µm in a support (10) made of graphite, ceramics, glass, metal or plastic and the support (10) is formed by a stack (30) composed of flat elements (32), the surfaces (34) of the elements serving as the surfaces of the stack bearing against one another in a fluid-tight manner and grooves (40) being arranged in at least one of the surfaces (34) of adjacent elements (32) directed towards one another in order to form the microchannels (14) in such a manner that coolant can enter the microchannels formed by the grooves (40) at one end and can emerge from the microchannels at the other end.
  8. Device according to claim 7, characterised in that the microchannels (14) have a diameter (c) of 30 to 100 µm.
  9. Device according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterised in that the elements are in the form of plates (32) with plane parallel surfaces (34).
  10. Device according to claim 9, characterised in that the plates (32) have at least one opening (36) for supplying the coolant to the microchannels (14) and the grooves (40) connect the opening (36) to the outer edges (38) of the plates (32).
  11. Device according to claim 10, characterised in that the plates (32) are circular.
  12. Device according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterised in that the grooves (40) have a width (b) and a depth (t) of 20 to 200 µm, preferably 30 to 100 µm.
  13. Device according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterised in that the individual elements (32) have a thickness (e) of 2 to 10 mm, preferably 3 to 5 mm.
  14. Use of the process according to one of claims 1 to 6 for the uniform application of a thin layer of a mould release agent to the surface of a casting mould by mixing the release agent with the coolant.
  15. Use of the device according to one of claims 7 to 13 for the uniform application of a thin layer of a mould release agent to the surface of a casting mould by mixing the release agent with the coolant.
EP96810731A 1996-11-01 1996-11-01 Method and apparatus for cooling an object Expired - Lifetime EP0839918B1 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96810731A EP0839918B1 (en) 1996-11-01 1996-11-01 Method and apparatus for cooling an object
DE59608802T DE59608802D1 (en) 1996-11-01 1996-11-01 Method and device for cooling an object
AT96810731T ATE213785T1 (en) 1996-11-01 1996-11-01 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COOLING AN OBJECT
AU40986/97A AU722395B2 (en) 1996-11-01 1997-10-15 Process and device for cooling an article
ZA9709364A ZA979364B (en) 1996-11-01 1997-10-20 Process and device for cooling an article.
CA002218781A CA2218781C (en) 1996-11-01 1997-10-21 Process and device for cooling an article
US08/955,286 US5902543A (en) 1996-11-01 1997-10-21 Process and device for cooling an article
NO19975000A NO319260B1 (en) 1996-11-01 1997-10-30 Method and apparatus for cooling an article and using the apparatus.
JP30180597A JP3984339B2 (en) 1996-11-01 1997-11-04 Method and apparatus for cooling articles and method of use thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96810731A EP0839918B1 (en) 1996-11-01 1996-11-01 Method and apparatus for cooling an object

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0839918A1 EP0839918A1 (en) 1998-05-06
EP0839918B1 true EP0839918B1 (en) 2002-02-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96810731A Expired - Lifetime EP0839918B1 (en) 1996-11-01 1996-11-01 Method and apparatus for cooling an object

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US5902543A (en)
EP (1) EP0839918B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3984339B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE213785T1 (en)
AU (1) AU722395B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2218781C (en)
DE (1) DE59608802D1 (en)
NO (1) NO319260B1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA979364B (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10207584A1 (en) * 2002-02-22 2003-09-11 Vits Maschb Gmbh I Ins Process for cooling metal strips or plates and cooling device
EP2085489A1 (en) 2008-02-02 2009-08-05 Novaltec Sàrl Fluid microjet system
FR2942629B1 (en) * 2009-03-02 2011-11-04 Cmi Thermline Services METHOD FOR COOLING A METAL STRIP CIRCULATING IN A COOLING SECTION OF A CONTINUOUS THERMAL TREATMENT LINE, AND INSTALLATION FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD
EP3067652B1 (en) * 2015-03-11 2019-11-13 Politechnika Gdanska Heat exchanger and method for exchanging heat
CN115007824A (en) * 2022-05-11 2022-09-06 福建圣力智能工业科技股份有限公司 Water cooling device for horizontal continuous casting machine

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DE955042C (en) * 1953-08-02 1956-12-27 Friedrichshuette Ag Method and device for cooling hot-rolled, flat rolling stock
DE1214186B (en) * 1956-09-05 1966-04-14 United Steel Companies Ltd Process for cooling hot-rolled metallic strips or sheets
US3035865A (en) * 1958-11-21 1962-05-22 James A Sokaly Head rest for hair dryers
DE1558798B2 (en) * 1967-04-24 1977-03-03 Swiss Aluminium Ltd., Chippis (Schweiz) PROCESS FOR COOLING MOLDED BODIES MADE OF COPPER, ALUMINUM OR ALLOYS OF THESE METALS THAT HAVE A TEMPERATURE ABOVE 371 DEGREES C.
NL145782B (en) * 1970-01-20 1975-05-15 Koninklijke Hoogovens En Staal COOLING SYSTEM.
JPS5727926B2 (en) * 1973-11-28 1982-06-14
SU619524A1 (en) * 1976-08-17 1978-08-15 Институт черной металлургии Method of cooling rolled stock
US4407487A (en) * 1980-01-15 1983-10-04 Heurtey Metallurgie Device for cooling metal articles
DE58902656D1 (en) * 1988-05-19 1992-12-17 Alusuisse Lonza Services Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COOLING AN OBJECT.
US4882107A (en) * 1988-11-23 1989-11-21 Union Carbide Chemicals And Plastics Company Inc. Mold release coating process and apparatus using a supercritical fluid
US5076344A (en) * 1989-03-07 1991-12-31 Aluminum Company Of America Die-casting process and equipment
ZA908728B (en) * 1989-11-23 1991-08-28 Alusuisse Lonza Services Ag Cooling of cast billets
CH686072A5 (en) * 1992-06-19 1995-12-29 Alusuisse Lonza Services Ag Spray system for Kuhlen profiles.
US5640872A (en) 1994-07-20 1997-06-24 Alusuisse-Lonza Services Ltd. Process and device for cooling heated metal plates and strips

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO319260B1 (en) 2005-07-11
AU4098697A (en) 1998-05-07
AU722395B2 (en) 2000-08-03
EP0839918A1 (en) 1998-05-06
ZA979364B (en) 1998-05-12
DE59608802D1 (en) 2002-04-04
CA2218781A1 (en) 1998-05-01
US5902543A (en) 1999-05-11
NO975000L (en) 1998-05-04
NO975000D0 (en) 1997-10-30
JPH10156427A (en) 1998-06-16
CA2218781C (en) 2006-10-03
ATE213785T1 (en) 2002-03-15
JP3984339B2 (en) 2007-10-03

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