EP0837744B1 - Lubricating process for heavy-duty forming operations - Google Patents
Lubricating process for heavy-duty forming operations Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0837744B1 EP0837744B1 EP96922900A EP96922900A EP0837744B1 EP 0837744 B1 EP0837744 B1 EP 0837744B1 EP 96922900 A EP96922900 A EP 96922900A EP 96922900 A EP96922900 A EP 96922900A EP 0837744 B1 EP0837744 B1 EP 0837744B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- water
- components
- component
- oil
- volume
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/04—Fatty oil fractions
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/34—Esters of monocarboxylic acids
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- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
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- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M133/08—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups
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- C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
- C10M145/36—Polyoxyalkylenes etherified
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- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/242—Hot working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/243—Cold working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for lubricating workpieces Metal, especially steel or aluminum for forming processes Drawing or deep drawing.
- Metal especially steel or aluminum for forming processes Drawing or deep drawing.
- the essential components of a concentrate a water-miscible coolant emulsion and a water-insoluble one Are cutting oil.
- oils Today paraffin or mineral oils are preferred as oil components used. There are also so-called synthetic lubricants (“synthetic oils”) such as polyolefins. Ecological Advantages can be seen when using oils on a native basis, for example in the form of native triglycerides or modification products of these, wax esters, fatty acid esters of polyols or longer-chain dialkyl ethers expect.
- the oils come as such in the form of so-called “non-water-miscible” Cooling lubricants for use. You then have the advantage of metals not to attack chemically and to provide good corrosion protection. The good lubricating effect is also an advantage.
- the main disadvantage lies in the low heat capacity of water-immiscible cooling lubricants, so that the heat generated in the forming processes is dissipated poorly becomes.
- non-water-miscible cooling lubricants also as “cutting oils” or “metalworking oils”
- water-miscible Cooling lubricants in the form of a low or anhydrous Concentrate come on the market and by mixing by the user with water in a cooling lubricant emulsion in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion be transferred.
- a cooling lubricant emulsion in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion be transferred.
- about 5% aqueous Emulsions about 5% aqueous Emulsions.
- the advantage of this type of coolant is good cooling effect based on the thermal properties of the water.
- the lubricating effect caused by the oil content of the emulsion is sufficient for most machining processes in machining. However, this must be ensured by adding suitable corrosion inhibitors that the possible corrosion due to the presence of the aqueous phase the metallic workpieces is omitted.
- the task therefore was to find a lubrication method that on the one hand guarantees a good lubricating effect and on the other hand that aqueous cooling lubricant emulsion later coming into contact with the workpieces not adversely affected.
- the invention is based mainly on contrary to the usual teachings practice a non-water-miscible cutting oil with the concentrate one to mix water-miscible coolant emulsion. That was Not considered so far since you can get these two components does not receive a stable homogeneous mixture, but rather when left standing phase separation observed. Accordingly, it is necessary according to the invention the water-miscible coolant emulsion and that with water immiscible cutting oil due to mechanical energy input, for example by stirring, to mix intensively with each other and in the inhomogeneous Keep mixture.
- inhomogeneous mixture means here that the cutting oil is not in the water-miscible coolant emulsion is emulsified, but mechanically with such a droplet size distributed here that it is after the end of mechanical mixing quickly, for example within half an hour, as separate Phase separated again.
- Required lubrication effect is only achieved if that Cutting oil is present in the mechanical mixture with such a drop size, that spontaneously phase separation after the end of the mechanical force he follows.
- the formulation of the water-miscible Concentrate the cooling lubricant emulsion to ensure that only as much Emulsifier is used that this for emulsifying the oil component of the water-miscible coolant concentrate is sufficient, but not water-miscible cutting oil is not added to this emulsion concentrate emulsified.
- Emulsifier used that this for emulsifying the oil component of the water-miscible coolant concentrate is sufficient
- water-miscible cutting oil is not added to this emulsion concentrate emulsified.
- the emulsification of the cutting oil the is indicated, for example, by the fact that when the mixture is left to stand there would be no phase separation within half an hour Inadequate lubrication.
- the method according to the invention can therefore be carried out by that the above components a) and b) optionally together with the other components c) and d) mixed by stirring in a mixing container and with the stirrer running via a sampling line onto the workpiece applies.
- component a) is an emulsion concentrate that is composed is from 30 to 50 wt .-% of an oil component, preferably mineral oil, the if desired contains sulfurized portions, and 10 to 20 wt .-% water.
- the remainder to 100 wt .-% consists of emulsifiers, preferably based of fatty alcohol ethoxylates, from corrosion inhibitors, preferably based on amine soaps, ethanolamine soaps and / or ethanolamides, and optionally from others for this product group in the prior art known auxiliaries or active ingredients.
- a non-water-miscible cutting oil is suitable as component b).
- Prefers are oils on a native basis, especially on an ester basis. Examples for this are native triglycerides or modification products thereof, Wax esters and fatty acid esters of monoalkanols with 4 to 12 carbon atoms, for example tallow fatty acid ethylhexyl ester or transesterified rapeseed oil, and fatty acid esters of polyols, the polyol component in particular Trimethylolpropane can be used.
- Component b) can also be mixtures from such oils.
- the oils can contain additional additives contain, in particular EP additives, for example in the form of sulfurized Compounds, antioxidants and corrosion inhibitors too are called.
- the tool life could be more than be a hundredfold.
- this mixture was left standing inside a phase separation of 10 minutes.
- the concentrate / cutting oil mixture easily emulsified into this.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Schmieren von Werkstücken aus Metall, insbesondere aus Stahl oder Aluminium für Umformprozesse durch Ziehen oder Tiefziehen. Zum Ermöglichen besonders schwerer Umformungen wird auf die Werkstücke eine unmittelbar vor der Umformung zubereitete inhomogene Mischung aufgebracht, deren wesentliche Komponenten ein Konzentrat einer wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffemulsion und ein nichtwasserlösliches Schneidöl sind.The invention relates to a method for lubricating workpieces Metal, especially steel or aluminum for forming processes Drawing or deep drawing. To enable particularly heavy forming a workpiece is prepared on the workpieces immediately before forming inhomogeneous mixture applied, the essential components of a concentrate a water-miscible coolant emulsion and a water-insoluble one Are cutting oil.
Bei der formgebenden Bearbeitung von Metallen durch Ziehen oder Tiefziehen, gegebenenfalls auch verbunden mit dem Ausstanzen von Teilen, werden Schmiermittel benötigt, deren Hauptzweck in der Verringerung der Reibung zwischen Werkzeug und Werkstück liegt. Ein Überblick über die formgebenden Metallbearbeitungsprozesse und die hierfür üblicherweise verwendeten Hilfsmittel ist beispielsweise Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Ed., Vol. A15, 479-486 (1990) zu entnehmen. Das Spektrum der Anbietungsformen der in Betracht kommenden Hilfsmittel reicht dabei von Ölen über Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsionen bis hin zu wäßrigen Lösungen. Üblicherweise werden den Basisflüssigkeiten weitere Komponenten wie beispielsweise Viskositätregulatoren, Entschäumer oder Korrosionsinhibitoren zugesetzt. Speziell bei ölbasierten Systemen sind weiterhin Schmierstoffe, beispielsweise sogenannte "EP-Additive", gebräuchlich. Für die Bildung von Emulsionen ist in der Regel der Einsatz von Emulgatoren erforderlich. In vielen Fällen werden die Mittel zudem durch Biozide stabilisiert.When shaping metals by drawing or deep drawing, possibly also connected with the punching out of parts Lubricant needed, the main purpose of which is to reduce friction between tool and workpiece. An overview of the shaping Metalworking processes and the commonly used for this Aid is, for example, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Ed., Vol. A15, 479-486 (1990). The spectrum the forms of supply of the aids considered are sufficient from oils to oil-in-water emulsions to aqueous solutions. Usually other basic components such as Viscosity regulators, defoamers or corrosion inhibitors added. Lubricants, especially in oil-based systems, for example, so-called "EP additives". For the formation of Emulsions usually require the use of emulsifiers. In In many cases, the agents are also stabilized by biocides.
Als Ölkomponenten werden heutzutage vorzugsweise Paraffin- oder Mineralöle eingesetzt. Daneben kommen auch sogenannte synthetische Schmiermittel ("synthetische Öle") wie beispielsweise Polyolefine in Betracht. Ökologische Vorteile lassen sich beim Einsatz von Ölen auf nativer Basis, beispielsweise in Form von nativen Triglyceriden oder Modifizierungsprodukten hiervon, Wachsester, Fettsäureester von Polyolen oder längerkettigen Dialkylether erwarten.Today paraffin or mineral oils are preferred as oil components used. There are also so-called synthetic lubricants ("synthetic oils") such as polyolefins. Ecological Advantages can be seen when using oils on a native basis, for example in the form of native triglycerides or modification products of these, wax esters, fatty acid esters of polyols or longer-chain dialkyl ethers expect.
Die Öle kommen zum einen als solche in Form sogenannter "nichtwassermischbarer" Kühlschmierstoffe zum Einsatz. Sie haben dann den Vorteil, Metalle nicht chemisch anzugreifen und einen guten Korrosionsschutz zu liefern. Weiterhin ist die gute Schmierwirkung von Vorteil. Der Hauptnachteil liegt in der geringen Wärmekapazität nichtwassermischbarer Kühlschmierstoffe, so daß die bei den Umformprozessen entstehende Wärme nur schlecht abgeführt wird.On the one hand, the oils come as such in the form of so-called "non-water-miscible" Cooling lubricants for use. You then have the advantage of metals not to attack chemically and to provide good corrosion protection. The good lubricating effect is also an advantage. The main disadvantage lies in the low heat capacity of water-immiscible cooling lubricants, so that the heat generated in the forming processes is dissipated poorly becomes.
Von den nichtwassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffen, auch als "Schneidöle" oder "Metallbearbeitungsöle" bezeichnet, unterscheidet man die wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffe, die in Form eines wasserarmen oder wasserfreien Konzentrats in den Handel kommen und beim Verwender durch Vermischen mit Wasser in eine Kühlschmierstoffemulsion in Form einer Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsion überführt werden. In der Regel werden ca. 5 %ige wäßrige Emulsionen hergestellt. Der Vorteil dieses Kühlschmierstofftyps ist die gute Kühlwirkung, die auf den thermischen Eigenschaften des Wassers beruht. Die durch den Ölanteil der Emulsion bewirkte Schmierwirkung reicht für die meisten Bearbeitungsverfahren in der spangebenden Fertigung aus. Allerdings muß durch Zusatz geeigneter Korrosionsinhibitoren dafür gesorgt werden, daß die aufgrund der Anwesenheit der wäßrigen Phase mögliche Korrosion der metallischen Werkstücke unterbleibt.Of the non-water-miscible cooling lubricants, also as "cutting oils" or "metalworking oils", a distinction is made between water-miscible Cooling lubricants in the form of a low or anhydrous Concentrate come on the market and by mixing by the user with water in a cooling lubricant emulsion in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion be transferred. As a rule, about 5% aqueous Emulsions. The advantage of this type of coolant is good cooling effect based on the thermal properties of the water. The lubricating effect caused by the oil content of the emulsion is sufficient for most machining processes in machining. However, this must be ensured by adding suitable corrosion inhibitors that the possible corrosion due to the presence of the aqueous phase the metallic workpieces is omitted.
Bei Umformvorgängen, in denen es mehr auf gute Schmierwirkung als auf gute Wärmeabfuhr ankommt, ist es auch möglich, das Konzentrat eines wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffs wenig verdünnt oder unverdünnt einzusetzen. Kommen die bearbeiteten Werkstücke, die noch mit dem wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffkonzentrat benetzt sind, bei späteren Bearbeitungsschritten mit einer verdünnten wäßrigen Kühlschmierstoffemulsion in Berührung, so wird das anhaftende Konzentrat von der Emulsion aufgenommen und dient zu deren Ergänzung. Demgegenüber ist die Verwendung von nichtwassermischbaren Ölen, die von der umlaufenden Kühlschmierstoffemulsion nicht aufgenommen werden, nachteilig. For forming processes in which there is more to good lubrication than good When heat dissipation arrives, it is also possible to concentrate a water-miscible Use cooling lubricant a little diluted or undiluted. Come the machined workpieces that are still water-miscible Cooling lubricant concentrate are wetted in later processing steps in contact with a dilute aqueous cooling lubricant emulsion, the adhering concentrate is absorbed by the emulsion and serves to complement them. In contrast, the use of water-immiscible Oils that are not absorbed by the circulating coolant emulsion become disadvantageous.
In der Praxis zeigte sich das Problem, daß bei besonders schweren Umformungen, die mit einem starken Fließen des Werkstückmaterials verbunden sind, die Schmierwirkung der Konzentrate von wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffen nicht ausreicht. Man beobachtet dann ein Zerreißen des Materials und/oder ein Verschweißen mit den Werkzeugen, so daß diese nach wenigen Umformvorgängen unbrauchbar werden. Der Einsatz eines nichtwassermischbaren Schneidöls hat dagegen den Nachteil, daß dieses die Standzeit der in späteren Schritten mit dem Werkstück in Berührung kommenden wäßrigen Kühlschmierstoffemulsion nachteilig beeinflußt.In practice, there was the problem that with particularly heavy forming, which is associated with a strong flow of the workpiece material are the lubricating effect of the concentrates of water-miscible cooling lubricants not enough. A tear of the material is then observed and / or welding with the tools so that after a few Forming processes become unusable. The use of a water-immiscible Cutting oil, on the other hand, has the disadvantage that this increases the service life of the aqueous cooling lubricant emulsion coming into contact with the workpiece in later steps adversely affected.
Es stellte sich daher die Aufgabe, ein Schmierverfahren zu finden, das einerseits eine gute Schmierwirkung garantiert und das andererseits die später mit den Werkstücken in Berührung kommende wäßrige Kühlschmierstoffemulsion nicht nachteilig beeinflußt.The task therefore was to find a lubrication method that on the one hand guarantees a good lubricating effect and on the other hand that aqueous cooling lubricant emulsion later coming into contact with the workpieces not adversely affected.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Schmieren von Werkstücken aus Metall für Umformprozesse durch Ziehen, Tiefziehen oder Kaltfließpressen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine inhomogene Mischung aus
- a) 40 - 90 Vol-%
- eines Konzentrats einer wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffemulsion,
- b) 10 - 60 Vol-%
- eines mit Wasser nicht mischbaren Schneidöls,
- c) 0 - 25 Vol-%
- eines Schmieradditivs auf Schwefelbasis und
- d) 0 - 20 Vol.-%
- Wasser,
- a) 40 - 90 vol%
- a concentrate of a water-miscible coolant emulsion,
- b) 10 - 60 vol%
- a water-immiscible cutting oil,
- c) 0 - 25 vol%
- a lubricant based on sulfur and
- d) 0-20% by volume
- Water,
Die Erfindung beruht also hauptsächlich darauf, entgegen den üblichen Lehren der Praxis ein nichtwassermischbares Schneidöl mit dem Konzentrat einer wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffemulsion zu vermischen. Dies wurde bisher nicht in Erwägung gezogen, da man aus diesen beiden Komponenten keine stabile homogene Mischung erhält, sondern vielmehr beim Stehenlassen eine Phasentrennung beobachtet. Demgemäß ist es erfindungsgemäß erforderlich, die wassermischbare Kühlschmierstoffemulsion und das mit Wasser nicht mischbare Schneidöl durch mechanischen Energieeintrag, beispielsweise durch Rühren, intensiv miteinander zu vermengen und in der inhomogenen Mischung zu halten. Der Begriff "inhomogene Mischung" bedeutet hierbei, daß das Schneidöl nicht in die wassermischbare Kühlschmierstoffemulsion einemulgiert wird, sondern mechanisch mit einer solchen Tröpfchengröße hierin verteilt wird, daß es sich nach dem Ende des mechanischen Vermischens rasch, beispielsweise innerhalb einer halben Stunde, als getrennte Phase wieder separiert. Die im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgabenstellung erforderliche Schmierwirkung wird nämlich nur dann erreicht, wenn das Schneidöl in der mechanischen Mischung mit einer solchen Tropfengröße vorliegt, daß nach Ende der mechanischen Krafteinwirkung spontan eine Phasentrennung erfolgt. Demnach ist bei der Formulierung des wassermischbaren Konzentrats der Kühlschmierstoffemulsion darauf zu achten, daß nur so viel Emulgator verwendet wird, daß dieser zur Emulgierung der Ölkomponente des wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffkonzentrats ausreicht, jedoch das nicht wassermischbare Schneidöl nicht zusätzlich in dieses Emulsionskonzentrat einemulgiert. Im Falle eines derartigen Einemulgierens des Schneidöls, das sich beispielsweise dadurch anzeigt, daß beim Stehenlassen der Mischung innerhalb einer halben Stunde keine Phasentrennung eintritt, wäre die Schmierwirkung unzureichend.The invention is based mainly on contrary to the usual teachings practice a non-water-miscible cutting oil with the concentrate one to mix water-miscible coolant emulsion. That was Not considered so far since you can get these two components does not receive a stable homogeneous mixture, but rather when left standing phase separation observed. Accordingly, it is necessary according to the invention the water-miscible coolant emulsion and that with water immiscible cutting oil due to mechanical energy input, for example by stirring, to mix intensively with each other and in the inhomogeneous Keep mixture. The term "inhomogeneous mixture" means here that the cutting oil is not in the water-miscible coolant emulsion is emulsified, but mechanically with such a droplet size distributed here that it is after the end of mechanical mixing quickly, for example within half an hour, as separate Phase separated again. The scope of the task according to the invention Required lubrication effect is only achieved if that Cutting oil is present in the mechanical mixture with such a drop size, that spontaneously phase separation after the end of the mechanical force he follows. Accordingly, the formulation of the water-miscible Concentrate the cooling lubricant emulsion to ensure that only as much Emulsifier is used that this for emulsifying the oil component of the water-miscible coolant concentrate is sufficient, but not water-miscible cutting oil is not added to this emulsion concentrate emulsified. In the case of such emulsification of the cutting oil, the is indicated, for example, by the fact that when the mixture is left to stand there would be no phase separation within half an hour Inadequate lubrication.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann demnach dadurch zur Ausführung kommen, daß man die obigen Komponenten a) und b) gegebenenfalls zusammen mit den weiteren Komponenten c) und d) durch Rühren in einem Mischbehälter vermischt und bei laufendem Rührer über eine Entnahmeleitung auf das Werkstück aufbringt. Alternativ kann man die einzelnen Komponenten einer Mehrstoffdüse zuführen und gemeinsam auf das Werkstück aufdüsen. Im einfachsten Falle genügt hierfür eine Zweistoffdüse, durch deren eine Zuleitung man die wassermischbaren Komponenten und durch deren zweite Zuleitung man die nichtwassermischbaren Komponenten zuführt.The method according to the invention can therefore be carried out by that the above components a) and b) optionally together with the other components c) and d) mixed by stirring in a mixing container and with the stirrer running via a sampling line onto the workpiece applies. Alternatively, you can use the individual components of a multi-component nozzle feed and spray together on the workpiece. In the simplest A two-substance nozzle, through whose feed line, is sufficient for this case the water-miscible components and through their second supply line one which supplies non-water-miscible components.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren beruht auf der gemeinsamen Verwendung zweier miteinander nicht homogen und stabil mischbarer Komponenten. Dabei sind die Einzelkomponenten als Kühlschmierstoffe oder als Konzentrate für Kühlschmierstoffemulsionen im Stand der Technik bekannt. Beispielsweise kann die Komponente a) ein Emulsionskonzentrat darstellen, das zusammengesetzt ist aus 30 bis 50 Gew.-% einer Ölkomponente, vorzugsweise Mineralöl, das erwünschtenfalls geschwefelte Anteile enthält, und 10 bis 20 Gew.-% Wasser. Der Rest zu 100 Gew.-% besteht aus Emulgatoren, vorzugsweise auf Basis von Fettalkoholethoxylaten, aus Korrosionsinhibitoren, vorzugsweise auf Basis von Aminseifen, Ethanolaminseifen und/oder Ethanolamiden, sowie gegebenenfalls aus weiteren für diese Produktgruppe im Stand der Technik bekannten Hilfs- oder Wirkstoffen.The method according to the invention is based on the joint use of two non-homogeneous and stable miscible components. Are there the individual components as cooling lubricants or as concentrates for cooling lubricant emulsions known in the art. For example component a) is an emulsion concentrate that is composed is from 30 to 50 wt .-% of an oil component, preferably mineral oil, the if desired contains sulfurized portions, and 10 to 20 wt .-% water. The remainder to 100 wt .-% consists of emulsifiers, preferably based of fatty alcohol ethoxylates, from corrosion inhibitors, preferably based on amine soaps, ethanolamine soaps and / or ethanolamides, and optionally from others for this product group in the prior art known auxiliaries or active ingredients.
Als Komponente b) ist ein nichtwassermischbares Schneidöl geeignet. Bevorzugt sind Öle auf nativer Basis, insbesondere auf Esterbasis. Beispiele hierfür sind native Triglyceride oder Modifizierungsprodukte hiervon, Wachsester und Fettsäureester von Monoalkanolen mit 4 bis 12 C-Atomen, beispielsweise Talgfettsäure-Ethylhexylester oder umgeestertes Rapsöl, sowie Fettsäureester von Polyolen, wobei als Polyolkomponente insbesondere Trimethylolpropan verwendet werden kann. Die Komponente b) kann auch Gemische aus solchen Ölen darstellen. Die Öle können zusätzliche Hilfsstoffe enthalten, wobei insbesondere EP-Additive, beispielsweise in Form geschwefelter Verbindungen, Oxidationsschutzmittel und Korrosionsinhibitoren zu nennen sind.A non-water-miscible cutting oil is suitable as component b). Prefers are oils on a native basis, especially on an ester basis. Examples for this are native triglycerides or modification products thereof, Wax esters and fatty acid esters of monoalkanols with 4 to 12 carbon atoms, for example tallow fatty acid ethylhexyl ester or transesterified rapeseed oil, and fatty acid esters of polyols, the polyol component in particular Trimethylolpropane can be used. Component b) can also be mixtures from such oils. The oils can contain additional additives contain, in particular EP additives, for example in the form of sulfurized Compounds, antioxidants and corrosion inhibitors too are called.
Bei einem Hersteller von Stahlfelgen für PKW-Räder bestand die Aufgabe,
aus ökologischen Gründen chlorhaltige Schmierstoffe durch chlorfreie
Systeme zu ersetzen. Bei der Fertigung werden Platinen aus Stahlbändern
ausgestanzt und in mehreren, teilweise beträchtlichen Umformstufen (Ziehen,
Tiefziehen) geformt. Bei der Verwendung eines chlorfreien wassermischbaren
Konzentrats einer Kühlschmierstoffemulsion traten bereits nach
etwa 10 Arbeitsgängen starke Verschweißungen an den Preßwerkzeugen sowie
Risse in den Rändern der umgeformten Werkstücke auf. Das Problem konnte
dadurch gelöst werden, daß in einem Ansetzbehälter unter Rühren eine inhomogene
Mischung folgender Komponenten hergestellt und in einer Menge von
etwa 6 bis 8 ml pro herzustellende Radschüssel auf das umzuformende Material
aufgetragen wurde:
Unter Verwendung dieser Mischung konnte die Werkzeugstandzeit mehr als verhundertfacht werden. Beim Stehenlassen dieser Mischung erfolgte innerhalb von 10 Minuten eine Phasentrennung. Beim nachfolgenden Abspülen der umgeformten Räder mit einer wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffemulsion emulgierte sich das Konzentrat-/Schneidölgemisch problemlos in diese ein.Using this mixture, the tool life could be more than be a hundredfold. When this mixture was left standing inside a phase separation of 10 minutes. When subsequently rinsing the formed wheels with a water-mixed cooling lubricant emulsion the concentrate / cutting oil mixture easily emulsified into this.
Claims (5)
- A process for lubricating metal workpieces for such forming processes as drawing, deep drawing or cold flow pressing, characterized in that an inhomogeneous mixture ofa) 40 to 90% by volume of a concentrate of a water-miscible cooling lubricant emulsion,b) 10 to 60% by volume of a water-immiscible cutting oil,c) 0 to 25% by volume of a sulfur-based lubricating additive andd) 0 to 20% by volume of water,
the sum total of the components being 100%,
is applied to the workpiece. - A process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of components a) and b), optionally together with components c) and d), is prepared by stirring in a mixing vessel and the resulting mixture is applied to the workpiece via a removal pipe with the stirrer still running.
- A process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that component a), optionally together with components c) and d), is delivered through one feed line of a two-component nozzle while component b) is delivered through its other feed line and all the components are sprayed together onto the workpiece.
- A process as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that component a) is composed of 30 to 50% by weight of an oil component, preferably mineral oil, which - if desired - may contain sulfurized components, and 10 to 20% by weight of water, the balance to 100% by weight consisting of emulsifiers, preferably based on fatty alcohol ethoxylates, corrosion inhibitors, preferably based on amine soaps, ethanolamine soaps and/or ethanolamides, and optionally other auxiliaries or active substances.
- A process as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that component b) is an ester-based oil preferably selected from native triglycerides or modification products thereof, wax esters, fatty acid esters of monoalcohols containing 4 to 12 carbon atoms and fatty acid esters of polyols or mixtures thereof, the oil optionally containing additional auxiliaries, more particularly EP additives, antioxidants and corrosion inhibitors.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19525407A DE19525407A1 (en) | 1995-07-12 | 1995-07-12 | Lubrication process for heavy forming |
DE19525407 | 1995-07-12 | ||
PCT/EP1996/002904 WO1997002909A1 (en) | 1995-07-12 | 1996-07-03 | Lubricating process for heavy-duty forming operations |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0837744A1 EP0837744A1 (en) | 1998-04-29 |
EP0837744B1 true EP0837744B1 (en) | 1999-04-07 |
Family
ID=7766653
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96922900A Expired - Lifetime EP0837744B1 (en) | 1995-07-12 | 1996-07-03 | Lubricating process for heavy-duty forming operations |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0837744B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19525407A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997002909A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19715408C2 (en) * | 1996-04-13 | 2002-09-19 | Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co | Process for the pretreatment of metallic parts to be cut, punched or deformed, in particular deep-drawn |
DE19703085A1 (en) | 1997-01-29 | 1998-07-30 | Henkel Kgaa | Cooling lubricant emulsion |
GB2351923A (en) | 1999-07-12 | 2001-01-17 | Perkins Engines Co Ltd | Self-cleaning particulate filter utilizing electric discharge currents |
ES2172412B1 (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2003-10-01 | Nueva Fl Iberica S A | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF LUBRICATING CUTTING FLUIDS. |
GB0321210D0 (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2003-10-08 | Btg Int Ltd | Apparatus and method for dispensing foam |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3429815A (en) * | 1965-10-08 | 1969-02-25 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Rolling oils |
US3444080A (en) * | 1967-04-14 | 1969-05-13 | Shell Oil Co | Lubricant for rolling metals |
US3726799A (en) * | 1971-05-18 | 1973-04-10 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Water based rolling lubricant |
DE2362051A1 (en) * | 1973-12-13 | 1975-06-19 | Hufnagl Walter | Mfg concrete reinforcing rods - stock material sprayed with oil emulsion before drawing |
-
1995
- 1995-07-12 DE DE19525407A patent/DE19525407A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-07-03 WO PCT/EP1996/002904 patent/WO1997002909A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-07-03 EP EP96922900A patent/EP0837744B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-03 DE DE59601619T patent/DE59601619D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59601619D1 (en) | 1999-05-12 |
DE19525407A1 (en) | 1997-01-16 |
WO1997002909A1 (en) | 1997-01-30 |
EP0837744A1 (en) | 1998-04-29 |
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