EP0834646A1 - Containment device for the radial turbine of a turbocharger - Google Patents

Containment device for the radial turbine of a turbocharger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0834646A1
EP0834646A1 EP97810657A EP97810657A EP0834646A1 EP 0834646 A1 EP0834646 A1 EP 0834646A1 EP 97810657 A EP97810657 A EP 97810657A EP 97810657 A EP97810657 A EP 97810657A EP 0834646 A1 EP0834646 A1 EP 0834646A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burst protection
protection device
housing
burst
turbine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97810657A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Josef Bättig
Wolfgang Diebold
Reto Meier
Marcel Zehnder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
ABB AB
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ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Asea Brown Boveri AB
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Publication date
Application filed by ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd, Asea Brown Boveri AB filed Critical ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Publication of EP0834646A1 publication Critical patent/EP0834646A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/026—Scrolls for radial machines or engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
    • F01D21/04—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to undesired position of rotor relative to stator or to breaking-off of a part of the rotor, e.g. indicating such position
    • F01D21/045—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to undesired position of rotor relative to stator or to breaking-off of a part of the rotor, e.g. indicating such position special arrangements in stators or in rotors dealing with breaking-off of part of rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F01D25/26—Double casings; Measures against temperature strain in casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burst protection device for radial turbines of turbochargers, according to the preamble of the claim 1.
  • DE-A1-42 23 496 describes a device for reduction the kinetic energy of bursting parts for those with high Speed revolving machines known.
  • This inside An axial turbine device consists of several interconnected guard rings between which each a crumple zone made of ductile material is trained.
  • Such a solution is for radial turbines not suitable because of their radial gas entry no burst protection devices in the radial area of the turbine can be used.
  • the invention tries to avoid all of these disadvantages. It is based on the task of being simple and safe Burst protection device for radial turbines of turbochargers create and thus the stability of the turbine, respectively the availability of the internal combustion engine connected to it to increase.
  • the first burst protection device is internal, i.e. arranged radially between the gas inlet and gas outlet housing and designed as a circumferential burst protection ring, wherein however, the guide vane channel is excluded.
  • the second burst protection device is external, i.e. Outside arranged on the gas inlet housing. It is as a spiral Formed sheet metal shell and extends at least over the axial expansion of the turbine wheel. Gas outlet side The burst protection ring also covers at least the axial extent of the turbine wheel.
  • burst protection device This creates a relatively simple and safe burst protection device created for radial turbocharger turbines.
  • the loose arrangement of the burst protection ring facilitates its assembly and thus leads to lower assembly costs. It comes to When the turbine wheel bursts, the burst protection ring takes one Most of the burst energy. Since the burst protection ring with Except for the guide vane duct, the entire length of the turbine wheel covers, can through the relatively narrow guide vane channel only smaller turbine fragments in the gas inlet casing to be flung. The big fragments which have a large kinetic energy are from Burst protection ring stopped. When smaller fragments Knock through the wall of the gas inlet housing, so these caught by the external burst protection device. Consequently can be achieved by combining internal and external burst protection devices even with very large released energies prevents turbine parts from being thrown out into the environment will.
  • a third burst protection device arranged and designed as a steel wire rope package.
  • the steel wire rope package is also in the cavity of Gas inlet housing and gas inlet housing, namely on the gas outlet housing side the burst protection ring arranged. It exists from several steel wire ropes, which are parallel to the direction of rotation of the turbine wheel and in at least one row are arranged side by side.
  • the exhaust gas turbocharger mainly consists of one shown compressor and designed as a radial turbine Exhaust gas turbine 1.
  • the radial turbine 1 has a turbine housing 2, with a spiral gas inlet housing 3 and a gas outlet housing designed as a gas outlet flange 4.
  • Turbine wheel 6 with blades 7 rotatably mounted.
  • shaft 5 is also not shown Compressor wheel arranged.
  • the gas inlet housing 3 goes downstream into a guide vane duct 8 over, in which a nozzle ring 9 between form Gas inlet housing 3 and gas outlet flange 4 is arranged.
  • the shaft 5 is in a bearing housing 11 by means of bearings 10 rotatably mounted.
  • the gas inlet housing 3 and the bearing housing 11 are via a clamping band arranged in the circumferential direction 12 connected to each other (Fig. 1).
  • the gas inlet housing 3 and the gas outlet housing 4 are releasably connected by screws 13. Both parts of the turbine housing 2 each have in their connection area a recess 14.
  • the recesses 14 form one common cavity 15, which is a first, as a circumferential Burst protection ring designed burst protection device 16, takes up loosely.
  • the burst protection ring 16 is thus radial between the gas inlet housing 3 and the gas outlet flange 4 arranged, however, the area of the guide vane channel 8 is excluded.
  • the burst protection ring covers the gas outlet side 16 the turbine wheel 6 in its axial extent completely from. Of course, he can the turbine wheel 6 on this Tower over the side.
  • Second burst protection device 17 arranged and detachable via a plurality of screws 18 with the Gas inlet housing 3 connected.
  • 17 becomes a high quality material, such as Hastelloy used. This can further increase the protective effect be improved.
  • the first and the second burst protection device 16, 17 a third burst protection device 19 gas outlet housing side of the Burst protection ring 16 arranged in the cavity 15.
  • This third Burst protection device 19 is designed as a steel wire rope package, which consists of several parallel to the direction of rotation of the Turbine wheel 6 and arranged side by side in a row Steel wire ropes 20 exists (Fig. 2).
  • the gas outlet flange 4 has four in its recess 14 parallel to the axis of rotation 21 of the turbine wheel 6 arranged ribs 22 with which the steel wire rope package 19 is positively connected (Fig. 3). These ribs are stiffening, so that an additional Burst protection is achieved.
  • a third burst protection device 19 is reduced the likelihood of turbine part leakage out of the turbine housing 2 and thus increases safety of the exhaust gas turbocharger.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

The device is for a turbine housing (2) with gas intake and discharge sections (3,4), turbine wheel (6) and guide blade channel (8) between housing sections. A first anti-burst device (16) is positioned between the housing sections, excepting the guide channel, and a second anti-burst device (17) is formed on the gas intake housing. Both devices are located axially in the area of the turbine wheel. The first device is formed by a rotating protective ring, and the second device is a helical sheet metal sleeve. The second device extends over the axial length of the turbine wheel, and the ring covers the same area on the gas discharge side.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical field

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Berstschutzvorrichtung für Radialturbinen von Turboladern, gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a burst protection device for radial turbines of turbochargers, according to the preamble of the claim 1.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Ein entscheidendes Kriterium zur Leistungssteigerung von mit Abgasturboladern verbunden Brennkraftmaschinen ist der vom Verdichter des Abgasturboladers aufgebrachte Ladedruck. Wird der Ladedruck erhöht, kann mehr Luft in die Zylinder gepresst und so die Leistung der Brennkraftmaschine verbessert werden. Um hohe Ladedrücke zu erreichen, drehen die heute eingesetzten Abgasturbolader mit sehr hohen Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten. Insbesondere bei grösseren Abgasturboladern führt das dazu, dass die Bruchstücke einer geborstenen Laufschaufel nur durch aufwendige konstruktive Massnahmen im Turbinengehäuse zurückgehalten werden können. Aufgrund der grösseren Masse der möglichen Bruchstücke wird dieses Problem bei den sogenannten Integralturbinen noch verstärkt, weil deren Turbinenscheiben und Laufschaufeln einstückig gefertigt sind.A decisive criterion for increasing the performance of with Exhaust gas turbochargers are connected to the internal combustion engine Compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger applied boost pressure. Becomes the boost pressure increases, more air can be pressed into the cylinders and so the performance of the internal combustion engine can be improved. In order to achieve high boost pressures, those used today turn Exhaust gas turbocharger with very high peripheral speeds. In particular with larger exhaust gas turbochargers, this leads to that the fragments of a broken blade only through complex constructional measures are held back in the turbine housing can be. Because of the larger mass of possible This problem becomes fragments with the so-called Integral turbines reinforced because of their turbine disks and blades are made in one piece.

Um das Durchschlagen von Bruchstücken durch die Aussenwand des Turboladers und somit die Gefährdung von Personen oder eine Beschädigung benachbarter Maschinenteile zu verhindern, werden die heutigen Turbolader im Bereich radial ausserhalb des Turbinenlaufrades mit relativ dicken Wänden im Turbinengehäuse versehen. Diese Lösungen weisen jedoch eine Reihe von Nachteilen auf, wie z.B. das erhebliche Mehrgewicht des Gehäuses und die Gefahr von Lunkerbildungen aufgrund schlechterer Giessbarkeit eines solchen Turbinengehäuses. Ausserdem erwärmt sich ein derart verdicktes Gehäuse unterschiedlich, so dass in der Folge Thermorisse auftreten können. Alle diese Faktoren senken die Standfestigkeit der Turbine und damit die Verfügbarkeit der mit ihr verbundenen Brennkraftmaschine.To break fragments through the outer wall of the turbocharger and thus the danger to persons or to prevent damage to neighboring machine parts, today's turbochargers are in the area radially outside of the turbine impeller with relatively thick walls in the turbine housing Mistake. However, these solutions exhibit a number of Disadvantages such as the considerable additional weight of the housing and the risk of blowholes due to poorer Castability of such a turbine housing. Moreover such a thickened housing heats up differently, so that thermal cracks can occur as a result. All these Factors reduce the stability of the turbine and thus the Availability of the internal combustion engine connected to it.

Aus der DE-A1-42 23 496 ist eine Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung der kinetischen Energie von berstenden Teilen für mit hoher Geschwindigkeit umlaufende Maschinen bekannt. Diese im Inneren einer Axialturbine angeordnete Vorrichtung besteht aus mehreren miteinander verbundenen Schutzringen, zwischen denen jeweils eine aus duktilem Material gefertigte Knautschzone ausgebildet ist. Eine solche Lösung ist jedoch für Radialturbinen nicht geeignet, weil wegen deren radialen Gaseintritt keine Berstschutzeinrichtungen im radialen Bereich der Turbine eingesetzt werden können.DE-A1-42 23 496 describes a device for reduction the kinetic energy of bursting parts for those with high Speed revolving machines known. This inside An axial turbine device consists of several interconnected guard rings between which each a crumple zone made of ductile material is trained. However, such a solution is for radial turbines not suitable because of their radial gas entry no burst protection devices in the radial area of the turbine can be used.

Auch externe Berstschützringe sind bekannt, reichen aber bei der grossen Masse der Turbine ebenfalls nicht aus, um ein Durchschlagen des Turbinengehäuses zu verhindern.External burst protection rings are also known, but are sufficient the large mass of the turbine is also not sufficient to To prevent the turbine housing from striking through.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Die Erfindung versucht, alle diese Nachteile zu vermeiden. Ihr liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine einfache und sichere Berstschutzvorrichtung für Radialturbinen von Turboladern zu schaffen und damit die Standfestigkeit der Turbine, respektive die Verfügbarkeit der mit ihr verbundenen Brennkraftmaschine zu erhöhen.The invention tries to avoid all of these disadvantages. It is based on the task of being simple and safe Burst protection device for radial turbines of turbochargers create and thus the stability of the turbine, respectively the availability of the internal combustion engine connected to it to increase.

Erfindungsgemäss wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass bei einer Vorrichtung gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, zwei Berstschutzeinrichtungen axial im Bereich des Turbinenrades angebracht sind. Die erste Berstschutzeinrichtung ist intern, d.h. radial zwischen Gaseintritt- und Gasaustrittgehäuse angeordnet und als umlaufender Berstschutzring ausgebildet, wobei jedoch der Leitschaufelkanal ausgenommen ist. Demgegenüber ist die zweite Berstschutzeinrichtung extern, d.h. aussen am Gaseintrittgehäuse angeordnet. Sie ist als spiralförmige Blechhülle ausgebildet und erstreckt sich zumindest über die axiale Ausdehnung des Turbinenrades. Gasaustrittseitig deckt der Berstschutzring ebenfalls zumindest die axiale Ausdehnung des Turbinenrades ab. Dazu weisen das Gaseintrittsowie das Gasaustrittgehäuse in ihrem Verbindungsbereich jeweils eine Ausnehmung auf. Beide Ausnehmungen bilden einen gemeinsamen Hohlraum, in dem der Berstschutzring lose angeordnet ist. Die zweite Berstschutzeinrichtung ist kraftschlüssig mit dem Gaseintrittgehäuse verbunden.According to the invention, this is achieved in that Device according to the preamble of claim 1, two Burst protection devices axially in the area of the turbine wheel are attached. The first burst protection device is internal, i.e. arranged radially between the gas inlet and gas outlet housing and designed as a circumferential burst protection ring, wherein however, the guide vane channel is excluded. In contrast the second burst protection device is external, i.e. Outside arranged on the gas inlet housing. It is as a spiral Formed sheet metal shell and extends at least over the axial expansion of the turbine wheel. Gas outlet side The burst protection ring also covers at least the axial extent of the turbine wheel. To do this indicate the gas inlet as well the gas outlet housing in their connection area in each case a recess. Both recesses form one common cavity in which the anti-burst ring is loosely arranged is. The second burst protection device is non-positive connected to the gas inlet housing.

Damit wird eine relativ einfache und sichere Berstschutzvorrichtung für Radialturbinen von Turboladern geschaffen. Die lose Anordnung des Berstschutzrings erleichtert dessen Montage und führt so zu niedrigeren Montagekosten. Kommt es zum Bersten des Turbinenrades, nimmt der Berstschutzring einen Grossteil der Berstenergie auf. Da der Berstschutzring mit Ausnahme des Leitschaufelkanals die gesamte Länge des Turbinenrades abdeckt, können durch den relativ schmalen Leitschaufelkanal nur kleinere Turbinenbruchstücke in das Gaseintrittgehäuse geschleudert werden. Die grossen Bruchstücke, welche eine grosse kinetische Energie aufweisen, werden vom Berstschutzring aufgehalten. Wenn kleinere Bruchstücke die Wand des Gaseintrittgehäuses durchschlagen, so werden diese von der externen Berstschutzeinrichtung aufgefangen. Somit kann durch die Kombination interner und externer Berstschutzeinrichtungen auch bei sehr grossen freiwerdenden Energien ein Herausschleudern von Turbinenteilen in die Umgebung verhindert werden. This creates a relatively simple and safe burst protection device created for radial turbocharger turbines. The loose arrangement of the burst protection ring facilitates its assembly and thus leads to lower assembly costs. It comes to When the turbine wheel bursts, the burst protection ring takes one Most of the burst energy. Since the burst protection ring with Except for the guide vane duct, the entire length of the turbine wheel covers, can through the relatively narrow guide vane channel only smaller turbine fragments in the gas inlet casing to be flung. The big fragments which have a large kinetic energy are from Burst protection ring stopped. When smaller fragments Knock through the wall of the gas inlet housing, so these caught by the external burst protection device. Consequently can be achieved by combining internal and external burst protection devices even with very large released energies prevents turbine parts from being thrown out into the environment will.

In einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist ausser den beiden o.g. Berstschutzeinrichtungen eine dritte Berstschutzeinrichtung angeordnet und als Stahldrahtseil-Paket ausgebildet. Das Stahldrahtseil-Paket ist ebenfalls im Hohlraum von Gaseintrittgehäuse sowie Gaseintrittgehäuse und zwar gasaustrittgehäuseseitig des Berstschutzrings angeordnet. Es besteht aus mehreren Stahldrahtseilen, welche parallel zur Umlaufrichtung des Turbinenrades und in zumindest einer Reihe nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Bei Verwendung dieser zusätzlichen Berstschutzeinrichtung vergrössert sich die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass havarierte Turbinenbestandteile im Gehäuse zurückgehalten werden und dadurch auch die Sicherheit des Turboladers erheblich.In a second embodiment of the invention is in addition to both of the above Burst protection devices a third burst protection device arranged and designed as a steel wire rope package. The steel wire rope package is also in the cavity of Gas inlet housing and gas inlet housing, namely on the gas outlet housing side the burst protection ring arranged. It exists from several steel wire ropes, which are parallel to the direction of rotation of the turbine wheel and in at least one row are arranged side by side. When using this additional Burst protection device increases the probability that damaged turbine components in the housing be held back and thereby also security of the turbocharger significantly.

Es ist besonders zweckmässig, wenn in der Ausnehmung des Gasaustrittgehäuses zumindest zwei parallel zur Achse des Turbinenrades angeordnete Rippen ausgebildet sind und das Stahldrahtseil-Paket formschlüssig mit den Rippen verbunden ist. Auf diese Weise wird eine besonders einfache Montage und Befestigung der zusätzlichen Berstschutzeinrichtung gewährleistet.It is particularly useful if in the recess of the gas outlet housing at least two parallel to the axis of the turbine wheel arranged ribs are formed and the steel wire rope package is positively connected to the ribs. In this way, a particularly simple assembly and fastening the additional burst protection device guaranteed.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungBrief description of the drawing

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand eines der Radialturbine eines Abgasturboladers dargestellt.In the drawing is an embodiment of the invention shown using one of the radial turbine of an exhaust gas turbocharger.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Teillängsschnitt der Radialturbine;
  • Fig. 2 eine Darstellung entsprechend Fig. 1, jedoch in einer zweiten Ausführungsform;
  • Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt durch das Gasaustrittgehäuse, entlang der Linie III-III in Fig. 2.
    • Show it:
  • 1 shows a partial longitudinal section of the radial turbine;
  • FIG. 2 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 1, but in a second embodiment;
  • 3 shows a cross section through the gas outlet housing, along the line III-III in FIG.

    • Es sind nur die für das Verständnis der Erfindung wesentlichen Elemente gezeigt. Nicht dargestellt ist von der Anlage beispielsweise die Verdichterseite des Abgasturboladers u. Die Strömungsrichtung des Arbeitsmittels ist mit Pfeilen bezeichnet.It is only essential for understanding the invention Elements shown. The system is not shown for example, the compressor side of the exhaust gas turbocharger u. The direction of flow of the working fluid is indicated by arrows.

    Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungWay of carrying out the invention

    Der Abgasturbolader besteht hauptsächlich aus einem nicht dargestellten Verdichter und einer als Radialturbine ausgebildeten Abgasturbine 1. Die Radialturbine 1 besitzt ein Turbinengehäuse 2, mit einem spiralförmigen Gaseintrittgehäuse 3 und einem als Gasaustrittflansch ausgebildeten Gasaustrittgehäuse 4. Im Turbinenghäuse 2 ist ein von einer Welle 5 getragenes Turbinenrad 6 mit Laufschaufeln 7 drehbar gelagert. Verdichterseitig ist auf der Welle 5 ein ebenfalls nicht dargestelltes Verdichterrad angeordnet.The exhaust gas turbocharger mainly consists of one shown compressor and designed as a radial turbine Exhaust gas turbine 1. The radial turbine 1 has a turbine housing 2, with a spiral gas inlet housing 3 and a gas outlet housing designed as a gas outlet flange 4. In the turbine housing 2 is supported by a shaft 5 Turbine wheel 6 with blades 7 rotatably mounted. On the compressor side, shaft 5 is also not shown Compressor wheel arranged.

    Das Gaseintrittgehäuse 3 geht stromab in einen Leitschaufelkanal 8 über, in dem ein Düsenring 9 formschlüssig zwischen Gaseintrittgehäuse 3 und Gasaustrittflansch 4 angeordnet ist. Die Welle 5 ist mittels Lagern 10 in einem Lagergehäuse 11 drehbar gelagert. Das Gaseintrittgehäuse 3 und das Lagergehäuse 11 sind über ein in Umfangsrichtung angeordnetes Spannband 12 miteinander verbunden (Fig. 1).The gas inlet housing 3 goes downstream into a guide vane duct 8 over, in which a nozzle ring 9 between form Gas inlet housing 3 and gas outlet flange 4 is arranged. The shaft 5 is in a bearing housing 11 by means of bearings 10 rotatably mounted. The gas inlet housing 3 and the bearing housing 11 are via a clamping band arranged in the circumferential direction 12 connected to each other (Fig. 1).

    Das Gaseintrittgehäuse 3 und das Gasaustrittgehäuse 4 sind durch Schrauben 13 lösbar miteinander verbunden. Beide Teile des Turbinengehäuses 2 weisen in ihrem Verbindungsbereich jeweils eine Ausnehmung 14 auf. Die Ausnehmungen 14 bilden einen gemeinsamen Hohlraum 15, welcher eine erste, als umlaufender Berstschutzring ausgebildete Berstschutzeinrichtung 16, lose aufnimmt. Der Berstschutzring 16 ist somit radial zwischen dem Gaseintrittgehäuse 3 und dem Gasaustrittflansch 4 angeordnet, wobei jedoch der Bereich des Leitschaufelkanals 8 ausgenommen wird. Gasaustrittseitig deckt der Berstschutzring 16 das Turbinenrad 6 in seiner axialen Ausdehnung vollständig ab. Natürlich kann er das Turbinenrad 6 auf dieser Seite auch überragen.The gas inlet housing 3 and the gas outlet housing 4 are releasably connected by screws 13. Both parts of the turbine housing 2 each have in their connection area a recess 14. The recesses 14 form one common cavity 15, which is a first, as a circumferential Burst protection ring designed burst protection device 16, takes up loosely. The burst protection ring 16 is thus radial between the gas inlet housing 3 and the gas outlet flange 4 arranged, however, the area of the guide vane channel 8 is excluded. The burst protection ring covers the gas outlet side 16 the turbine wheel 6 in its axial extent completely from. Of course, he can the turbine wheel 6 on this Tower over the side.

    Ausserhalb des Gaseintrittgehäuses 3 ist eine als spiralförmige Blechhülle ausgebildete, zweite Berstschutzeinrichtung 17 angeordnet und über mehrere Schrauben 18 lösbar mit dem Gaseintrittgehäuse 3 verbunden. Für beide Berstschutzeinrichtungen 16, 17 wird ein hochwertiges Material, wie z.B. Hastelloy verwendet. Dadurch kann die Schutzwirkung weiter verbessert werden.Outside the gas inlet housing 3 is a spiral Sheet metal casing, second burst protection device 17 arranged and detachable via a plurality of screws 18 with the Gas inlet housing 3 connected. For both burst protection devices 16, 17 becomes a high quality material, such as Hastelloy used. This can further increase the protective effect be improved.

    Beim Betrieb einer nicht dargestellten, mit dem Abgasturbolader verbundenen sowie als Dieselmotor ausgebildeten Brennkraftmaschine gelangen deren Abgase zunächst in das Gaseintrittgehäuse 3 der Abgasturbine 1. In dem spiralförmigen Gaseintrittgehäuse 3 werden sie beschleunigt und gelangen über den Düsenring 9 mit einem optimalen Strömungswinkel zum Turbinenrad 6. Dort werden die Abgase schliesslich entspannt. Sie geben dabei eine Leistung ab, welche dem Antrieb der Welle 5 und damit des Verdichterrades dient.When operating a not shown, with the exhaust gas turbocharger connected and trained as a diesel engine their exhaust gases first enter the gas inlet housing 3 of the exhaust gas turbine 1. In the spiral gas inlet housing 3 they are accelerated and get over the nozzle ring 9 with an optimal flow angle to the turbine wheel 6. There the exhaust gases are finally released. In doing so, they provide an output which is the drive of the Shaft 5 and thus the compressor wheel is used.

    Unter aussergewöhnlichen Bedingungen ist ein Bersten des Turbinenrades 6 jedoch nicht zu verhindern. Weil beide Berstschutzeinrichtungen 16, 17 axial im Bereich des Turbinenrades 6 und radial ausserhalb desselben angeordnet sind, kann der Berstschutzring 16 in dieser Situation einen Grossteil der Berstenergie aufnehmen. Da er zudem mit Ausnahme des relativ schmalen Leitschaufelkanals 9 die gesamte Länge des Turbinenrades 6 abdeckt, können nur kleinere Turbinenbruchstücke in das Gaseintrittgehäuse 3 geschleudert werden. Grosse Bruchstücke, d.h. solche mit grosser kinetischer Energie, werden vom Berstschutzring 16 aufgehalten. Wenn kleinere Bruchstücke die Wand des Gaseintrittgehäuses 3 durchschlagen, so werden diese von der zweiten, d.h. der externen Berstschutzeinrichtung 17 aufgefangen, welche das Turbinenrad 6 in seiner gesamten axialen Ausdehnung abdeckt. Somit kann durch die Kombination interner und externer Berstschutzeinrichtungen 16, 17 auch bei sehr grossen freiwerdenden Energien ein Herausschleudern von Turbinenteilen in die Umgebung verhindert werden.The turbine wheel will burst under exceptional conditions 6, however, cannot be prevented. Because both burst protection devices 16, 17 axially in the region of the turbine wheel 6 and are arranged radially outside the same Burst protection ring 16 in this situation a large part of the Absorb burst energy. Since he also with the exception of the relative narrow guide vane duct 9 the entire length of the turbine wheel 6 covers, only smaller turbine fragments can be in the gas inlet housing 3 are thrown. Large fragments, i.e. those with great kinetic energy stopped by the burst protection ring 16. If smaller fragments penetrate the wall of the gas inlet housing 3, so this from the second, i.e. the external burst protection device 17 collected, which the turbine wheel 6 in its entire covers axial expansion. Thus, through the combination internal and external burst protection devices 16, 17 Throwing out even with very large released energies from turbine parts to the environment.

    In einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist ausser der ersten und der zweiten Berstschutzeinrichtung 16, 17 eine dritte Berstschutzeinrichtung 19 gasaustrittgehäuseseitig des Berstschutzrings 16 im Hohlraum 15 angeordnet. Diese dritte Berstschutzeinrichtung 19 ist als Stahldrahtseil-Paket ausgebildet, welches aus mehreren parallel zur Umlaufrichtung des Turbinenrades 6 und in einer Reihe nebeneinander angeordneten Stahldrahtseilen 20 besteht (Fig. 2). Der Gasaustrittflansch 4 weist in seiner Ausnehmung 14 vier parallel zur Drehachse 21 des Turbinenrades 6 angeordnete Rippen 22 auf, mit denen das Stahldrahtseil-Paket 19 formschlüssig verbunden ist (Fig. 3). Diese Rippen wirken versteifend, so dass ein zusätzlicher Berstschutz erreicht wird.In a second embodiment of the invention, the first and the second burst protection device 16, 17 a third burst protection device 19 gas outlet housing side of the Burst protection ring 16 arranged in the cavity 15. This third Burst protection device 19 is designed as a steel wire rope package, which consists of several parallel to the direction of rotation of the Turbine wheel 6 and arranged side by side in a row Steel wire ropes 20 exists (Fig. 2). The gas outlet flange 4 has four in its recess 14 parallel to the axis of rotation 21 of the turbine wheel 6 arranged ribs 22 with which the steel wire rope package 19 is positively connected (Fig. 3). These ribs are stiffening, so that an additional Burst protection is achieved.

    Der Einsatz einer dritten Berstschutzeinrichtung 19 verringert die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Austretens von Turbinenteilen aus dem Turbinengehäuse 2 weiter und erhöht somit die Sicherheit des Abgasturboladers. Durch die Ausbildung der Rippen 22 des Gasaustrittflanschs 4 und deren formschlüssige Verbindung mit dem Stahldrahtseil-Paket 19, werden sowohl eine einfache Montage als auch sichere Befestigung des Stahldrahtseil-Pakets 19 erreicht.The use of a third burst protection device 19 is reduced the likelihood of turbine part leakage out of the turbine housing 2 and thus increases safety of the exhaust gas turbocharger. By forming the ribs 22 of the gas outlet flange 4 and their positive connection with the steel wire rope package 19, both will be a simple one Assembly and secure fastening of the steel wire rope package 19 reached.

    Natürlich können auch mehrere Reihen von Stahldrahtseilen 20 radial übereinander angeordnet werden, was die abschirmende Wirkung der dritten Berstschutzeinrichtung 19 noch verstärkt. Of course, several rows of steel wire ropes 20 can also be used be arranged radially one above the other, which is the shielding Effect of the third burst protection device 19 increased.

    BezugszeichenlisteReference list

    11
    Abgasturbine, RadialturbineExhaust gas turbine, radial turbine
    22nd
    TurbinengehäuseTurbine casing
    33rd
    GaseintrittgehäuseGas inlet casing
    44th
    Gasaustrittgehäuse, GasaustrittflanschGas outlet housing, gas outlet flange
    55
    Wellewave
    66
    TurbinenradTurbine wheel
    77
    LaufschaufelBlade
    88th
    LeitschaufelkanalGuide vane channel
    99
    DüsenringNozzle ring
    1010th
    Lagercamp
    1111
    LagergehäuseBearing housing
    1212th
    SpannbandStrap
    1313
    Schraubescrew
    1414
    AusnehmungRecess
    1515
    Hohlraumcavity
    1616
    erste Berstschutzeinrichtung, Berstschutzringfirst burst protection device, burst protection ring
    1717th
    zweite Berstschutzeinrichtung, Blechhüllesecond burst protection device, sheet metal casing
    1818th
    Schraubescrew
    1919th
    dritte Berstschutzeinrichtung, Stahldrahtseil-Paketthird burst protection device, steel wire rope package
    2020th
    StahldrahtseilSteel wire rope
    2121
    DrehachseAxis of rotation
    2222
    Ripperib

    Claims (10)

    Berstschutzvorrichtung für die Radialturbine eines Turboladers, vorzugsweise eines Abgasturboladers, mit einem hauptsächlich aus einem Gaseintrittgehäuse (3) und einem Gasaustrittgehäuse (4) bestehenden Turbinengehäuse (2), einem auf einer Welle (5) drehbar gelagerten Turbinenrad (6) sowie einem zwischen Gaseintritt- (3) und Gasaustrittgehäuse (4) ausgebildeten Leitschaufelkanal (8), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass radial zwischen Gaseintritt- (3) und Gasaustrittgehäuse (4), jedoch mit Ausnahme des Leitschaufelkanals (8), eine erste Berstschutzeinrichtung (16) angeordnet sowie am Gaseintrittgehäuse (3) eine zweite Berstschutzeinrichtung (17) ausgebildet und beide Berstschutzeinrichtungen (16, 17) axial im Bereich des Turbinenrades (6) angeordnet sind.Burst protection device for the radial turbine of a turbocharger, preferably an exhaust gas turbocharger, with a mainly from a gas inlet housing (3) and one Gas outlet housing (4) existing turbine housing (2), a turbine wheel rotatably mounted on a shaft (5) (6) and one between the gas inlet (3) and gas outlet housing (4) formed guide vane channel (8), characterized in that radially between gas inlet (3) and gas outlet housing (4), but with one exception of the guide vane duct (8), a first burst protection device (16) arranged and on the gas inlet housing (3) a second burst protection device (17) is formed and both burst protection devices (16, 17) are arranged axially in the region of the turbine wheel (6). Berstschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Berstschutzeinrichtung (16) als umlaufender Berstschutzring und die zweite Berstschutzeinrichtung (17) als spiralförmige Blechhülle ausgebildet ist.Burst protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the first burst protection device (16) as all-round burst protection ring and the second burst protection device (17) designed as a spiral sheet metal shell is. Berstschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die zweite Berstschutzeinrichtung (17) zumindest über die axiale Ausdehnung des Turbinenrades (6) erstreckt und der Berstschutzring (16) gasaustrittseitig zumindest die axiale Ausdehnung des Turbinenrades (6) abdeckt.Burst protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that that the second burst protection device (17) at least over the axial extent of the turbine wheel (6) extends and the burst protection ring (16) on the gas outlet side at least the axial extent of the turbine wheel (6) covers. Berstschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gaseintritt- (3) sowie das Gasaustrittgehäuse (4) in ihrem Verbindungsbereich jeweils eine Ausnehmung (14) aufweisen, beide Ausnehmungen (14) einen gemeinsamen Hohlraum (15) bilden und der Berstschutzring (16) in diesem Hohlraum (15) angeordnet ist.Burst protection device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized characterized that the gas inlet (3) and the gas outlet housing (4) in their connection area each have a recess (14), both recesses (14) form a common cavity (15) and the burst protection ring (16) is arranged in this cavity (15). Berstschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Berstschutzring (16) lose im Hohlraum (15) angeordnet ist.Burst protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that that the burst protection ring (16) is loose in the cavity (15) is arranged. Berstschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Berstschutzeinrichtung (17) kraftschlüssig mit dem Gaseintrittgehäuse (3) verbunden ist.Burst protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that that the second burst protection device (17) non-positively connected to the gas inlet housing (3) is. Berstschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine dritte Berstschutzeinrichtung (19) ausgebildet und ebenfalls im Hohlraum (15) angeordnet ist.Burst protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that that a third burst protection device (19) formed and also arranged in the cavity (15) is. Berstschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die dritte Berstschutzeinrichtung (19) als Stahldrahtseil-Paket ausgebildet und gasaustrittgehäuseseitig des Berstschutzrings (16) angeordnet ist.Burst protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that that the third burst protection device (19) designed as a steel wire rope package and on the gas outlet housing side the burst protection ring (16) is arranged. Berstschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stahldrahtseil-Paket (19) aus mehreren Stahldrahtseilen (20) besteht, welche parallel zur Umlaufrichtung des Turbinenrades (6) und in zumindest einer Reihe nebeneinander angeordnet sind.Burst protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that that the steel wire rope package (19) consists of several Steel wire ropes (20) which are parallel to Direction of rotation of the turbine wheel (6) and in at least a row are arranged side by side. Berstschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Ausnehmung (14) des Gasaustrittgehäuses (4) zumindest zwei parallel zur Drehachse (21) des Turbinenrades (6) angeordnete Rippen (22) ausgebildet sind und das Stahldrahtseil-Paket (19) formschlüssig mit den Rippen (22) verbunden ist.Burst protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that that in the recess (14) of the gas outlet housing (4) at least two parallel to the axis of rotation (21) ribs (22) of the turbine wheel (6) are and the steel wire rope package (19) positive is connected to the ribs (22).
    EP97810657A 1996-10-02 1997-09-15 Containment device for the radial turbine of a turbocharger Withdrawn EP0834646A1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19640654 1996-10-02
    DE19640654A DE19640654A1 (en) 1996-10-02 1996-10-02 Burst protection device for radial turbines of turbochargers

    Publications (1)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0834646A1 true EP0834646A1 (en) 1998-04-08

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    ID=7807677

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    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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    Country Status (6)

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    EP (1) EP0834646A1 (en)
    JP (1) JPH10110622A (en)
    KR (1) KR19980032381A (en)
    CZ (1) CZ309997A3 (en)
    DE (1) DE19640654A1 (en)
    PL (1) PL322377A1 (en)

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    Also Published As

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    CZ309997A3 (en) 1998-04-15
    KR19980032381A (en) 1998-07-25
    JPH10110622A (en) 1998-04-28
    DE19640654A1 (en) 1998-04-09
    PL322377A1 (en) 1998-04-14

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