EP0829892B1 - Hydraulic drive - Google Patents

Hydraulic drive Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0829892B1
EP0829892B1 EP97115485A EP97115485A EP0829892B1 EP 0829892 B1 EP0829892 B1 EP 0829892B1 EP 97115485 A EP97115485 A EP 97115485A EP 97115485 A EP97115485 A EP 97115485A EP 0829892 B1 EP0829892 B1 EP 0829892B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
hydraulic drive
cylinder
working
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97115485A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0829892A1 (en
Inventor
Joachim Eggers
Hans-Jürgen Magerkurth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
ABB Patent GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Patent GmbH filed Critical ABB Patent GmbH
Publication of EP0829892A1 publication Critical patent/EP0829892A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0829892B1 publication Critical patent/EP0829892B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H33/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using fluid actuator
    • H01H33/34—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using fluid actuator hydraulic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic drive according to the preamble of the claim 1.
  • Such a drive is known for example from EP 0 451 724 B1.
  • the energy storage consists of a disc spring package with its spring force acts a piston that slides in a pressure cylinder and on which the disc spring opposite side of the pressure fluid space is provided.
  • the drive piston for the switch is located on the side next to the pressure cylinder, so that this arrangement has a relatively large space requirement.
  • the hydraulic drive according to EP 0 158 054 requires less space B1, in which the spring assembly acts on a piston with pull rods, through which the Grips through the drive piston rod.
  • the pressure cylinder, the drive piston rod, the The drive cylinder chamber and the spring arrangement lie on one axis.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic drive of the type mentioned to create and in which the space utilization is improved.
  • the container arrangement can be one comprise annular container body which concentrically surrounds the working cylinder.
  • a flange edge can be provided on the working cylinder housing for fixing engages in a recess on the container body, so that by the spring arrangement the container body is pressed against the flange edge.
  • a pump for generating the pressure fluid can also be in the container body be installed.
  • the container arrangement have a number of container bodies which corresponds to the number of bores. With three holes, three container bodies are provided, which are even on the circumference distributed of the working cylinder attached to this.
  • the working cylinder is hexagonal, wherein further components are attached to the hexagonal surfaces between the container bodies can be.
  • the embodiment according to the invention offers the advantages of improved space utilization; the spring acts without a tie rod on the pressure pistons, so that therefore none Seals are required in the area of the tie rods.
  • the energy is about one short distance to the working piston; the pressure pistons are practically directly on Piston.
  • the cylinder body can be made drawn material or forging material and the individual container body for the pressure pistons can be made from easily machined semi-finished aluminum become.
  • the hydraulic drive or hydraulic drive 10 has a cylinder body 11 for a working cylinder 12 in which a working piston 13 (also called a driving piston) is guided, to which a drive piston rod 14 connects, with which a high-voltage circuit breaker 15 can be operated.
  • a working piston 13 also called a driving piston
  • a drive piston rod 14 connects, with which a high-voltage circuit breaker 15 can be operated.
  • Damping elements 16 and 17 are Damping elements 16 and 17, in the areas 18 and 19 and larger diameters than that of the drive piston rod 14 on both sides of the working piston 13 and dampen the movement of the working piston 13 at the end of its movement.
  • a container body 20 with a larger one closes on the cylinder body 11 Diameter in which three holes 21 are housed, of which only a hole can be seen. These holes 21 are in a circle around the Center axis M-M of the hydraulic drive and are evenly distributed on this circle.
  • a support ring 22 which is firmly connected to the cylinder housing 11.
  • the cylinder housing 11 is surrounded by a pressure ring 23 which is movable on the outer surface of the cylinder housing 11 is guided; between the pressure ring 23 and the support ring 22 a spring arrangement 24 is provided, for example the spring arrangement of the hydraulic device corresponds to EP 0 451 724 B1 and is designed as a plate spring assembly can be.
  • pressure pistons 25 are received by the spring arrangement 24 are moved in the direction of arrow D.
  • a pressure fluid chamber 26 is provided on the side of each pressure piston Pump 27, which is driven by a motor 28, via a line 29 and Working cylinder 12 and a further line 30, 31 pressure fluid is supplied, whereby the pressure piston is pushed out of the bore 21 in the opposite direction of the arrow D. is and thereby tensioning the spring assembly 24.
  • the lines 29, 30, 31 are in introduced the container body 20.
  • Line 30 continues to a P port a reversing valve 32, which has a reversing slide 33, that of electromagnetic elements A and E is actuated in the switch-off or switch-on direction.
  • Line 34 which is connected to the T-connection of valve 32, becomes the pressure fluid through a filter 35 to a low pressure tank 36, from where the pressure fluid from the pump 27 is fed back to the working piston or the working cylinder 12.
  • Line 30 continues into line 38 which connects to the P port of the valve 32 is connected; the Z-connection of the valve is via a line 39 to the room of the cylinder 12 connected, which is on the side with the larger piston area.
  • the Fig. 1 shows the switch in the off position.
  • switch 15 When switch 15 is in the on position should be spent, then the pump 27 and the line 39 from the spring arrangement and the pressure piston with the corresponding position of the changeover valve 32 high pressure fluid pumped to both sides of the working piston 13; because the area of the working piston 13, to which the piston rod 14 connects, is smaller than that opposite surface, the working piston 13 and the piston rod 14 after moved up to close the switch 15.
  • switch 15 When switch 15 is turned off then a connection between the line 39 is established via the valve 32 and 34 and the low pressure tank 36 created so that the space on the side with the larger piston area is relieved; the pressure fluid in the room with the smaller piston side presses the working piston 13 in the off position.
  • the pressure fluid is both from the pump and from the energy storage device provided by the spring assembly 24 and the three pressure pistons 25 in the holes 21 is formed.
  • the pressurized fluid located in rooms 26 is actuated then the working piston 13 in the manner described.
  • Fig. 2 shows a detailed representation of a hydraulic drive in section, without Representation of the feathers.
  • the cylinder body 11 contains the working cylinder 12 and inside the working cylinder 12, the working or drive piston 13 is guided.
  • the support ring 22 is on the working cylinder 11 held by means of a threaded bush 40 which has a step 41, against which a recess 42 bears against the support ring 22.
  • the threaded bush 40 is screwed onto an external thread 43 of the cylinder body 11.
  • the working cylinder 12 is closed by means of a closure piece 44, the one Has blind hole 45 which is part of the working cylinder 12.
  • a plurality of transverse bores 46, 47 are provided, in parallel to the working cylinder 12 run out lines that correspond to lines 39 and 29 respectively and have received the reference numbers 48 and 49 here.
  • a container body at the opposite end also called container 50, which is arranged in the container housing or body 20 corresponds and has the bores 21, in each of which a pressure piston 25 is received is.
  • container 50 There is a between the support piece 22 and the container housing 50 further pressure piece 23, and in between is the spring arrangement 24 (in Fig. 2 not shown).
  • the end of the cylinder body 11 located at the top of the drawing has one Rim 51 which engages in a recess 52 on the container housing 50; if all Parts are put together and assembled by the spring assembly a pressure on the container housing via the pressure piece 23, the pressure piston 25 and the pressure fluid 50 exercised, so that this with its return against the Flange edge 51 creates and so the container housing 50 is held in position.
  • the space 26 is connected via a bore 53 to a bore 54 in the cylinder body 11, which are aligned with one another and run radially to the cylinder body 11 and in open the working cylinder 12.
  • the line 48 is with a transverse bore 55 a bore 56 connected to the Z-port of the changeover valve 32.
  • the other holes that lead to the connections P and T are not shown in FIG. 2 shown.
  • a lid 57 is placed on the free outer surface of the container housing 50, in which (not shown) the filter 35 is housed.
  • the working cylinder 12 is on the piston rod side by means of a further closure piece 58 closed, through which the piston rod protrudes outwards and which engages in the cover 57 with the interposition of seals 59.
  • the hydraulic drive 70 has a cylinder body 71 in which a working cylinder 72 is introduced, in which a working piston 73 moves, which in its structure and its mode of operation corresponds to that of the working piston 13.
  • the cylinder body 71 is at its switch-side end, ie at the bottom, with a Socket 74 closed, which is held in place with a cover 75.
  • Socket 74 In the field of Socket 74, that is to say at the end remote from the switch, has a cylindrical body 71 Recess 76, thereby forming an area 77 of reduced diameter which has an external thread 78 on which a cylindrical collar 79 of a sleeve 80 is screwed on.
  • the sleeve 80 has two grooves arranged at a distance from one another 81 and 82, in which a force transmission member 83 or 83 'engages.
  • the power transmission link 83 or 83 ' cooperates with a pressure ring 84, 84', as follows: the force transmission member 83 has a radially inwardly projecting ledge 85, which engages in the groove or groove 81, and a conical surface 86 against which a conical surface 87 engages the force introduction member 84.
  • Power transmission member 83 divided into two ring halves, which are mounted in the Add condition to a ring.
  • the conical surfaces 87, 86 are arranged such that the force introduction member 84 (also called the pressure ring) the force transmission member 83 partially concentrically surrounds.
  • the pressure ring 84 surrounds the sleeve 80 on its outer surface. The same effect is also achieved with the elements 83 ', 84'.
  • the Cylinder body 71 On the cylinder body, in the area of the switch-side end, the Cylinder body 71 has a section 88 which has a hexagonal profile on its outer circumference forms with six surfaces 89, 90, 91, 92, 93 and 94. In FIG. 3 the surface 92 is visible. At the surfaces 90, 92 and 94, container bodies 95, 97 and 99 are each with Screw connections 96, 98 and 100 attached. The container bodies 95, 97 and 99 are constructed the same, so that it is sufficient to show the container body 95 with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the container body 95 is pot-shaped with a pot bottom 101 and a wall 102 which is cylindrical on the inside and, as can be seen in FIG. 4, on the outside is rectangular or square.
  • a bore 103 is made in the wall, in which a pressure piston 104 is slidably guided.
  • the open side of the container body 95 points to the end remote from the switch and is by means of a cover 105 tightly closed.
  • the lid 105 has a bore 106 through which a piston rod 107, which is integrally connected to the pressure piston 104, projects through it.
  • the cylinder body 71 is surrounded by a pressure body 108, which has a radial stop surface 109; is located between the pressure ring 84 and the pressure body 108 a disc spring arrangement.
  • the pressure body 108 engages over the piston rod 107, so that when the pressure piston is pressed out of the container body 95 is, this tensions the spring assembly via the pressure body 108.
  • the pressure body 108 can now be a ring; there is also a possibility that he has an annular section in the central region, on which arms are molded are that overlap the piston rods 107 of all three container bodies.
  • the three container bodies 95, 97 and 99 are star-shaped on the cylinder body 71 in the latter Area 88 arranged; in between can be on the respective surfaces 91, 93 and 95 other hydraulic components can be molded.
  • the individual pressure pistons are housed in removable container bodies and overall the arrangement 3 and 4 simple and modular structure, so that the assembly and revisions are easy to do.
  • the working cylinder 72 at the switch end is closed with a bushing 115 through which the piston rod 73 'of the working piston 73 protrudes. Furthermore, an end cover 116 is provided, which acts as a low-pressure tank serves. In the same way are 71 cross and inside the cylinder body Longitudinal bores 117 and 118 are provided which serve as pressurized fluid lines.

Landscapes

  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft einen hydraulischen Antrieb insbesondere für einen Hochspannungsleistungsschalter, mit einem Arbeitszylinder (12), in dem ein Arbeitskolben (13) bewegbar ist, und mit einem eine Speicherfederanordnung (24) enthaltenden Energiespeicher, mit dem in einem Behälterkörper (20) befindliches Fluid unter Druck gesetzt wird, wobei die Speicherfederanordnung (24) sich mit einem Ende an einem Ende des Zylindergehäuses abstützt und mit ihrem anderen Ende auf ein bewegliches, den Arbeitszylinder bzw. das Arbeitszylindergehäuse (11) ebenfalls umgebendes Druckstück (23) einwirkt, wobei der ebenfalls das Arbeitszylindergehäuse (11) umgebende Behälterkörper (20) wenigstens zwei axial verlaufende Bohrungen (21) umfaßt, in denen je ein Druckkolben (25) gleitend verschiebbar sind, an deren einer Stirnfläche das Druckstück (23) anliegt und an deren anderer Stirnfläche das Druckfluid ansteht. <IMAGE>The invention relates to a hydraulic drive, in particular for a high-voltage circuit breaker, with a working cylinder (12) in which a working piston (13) can be moved, and with an energy storage device containing a storage spring arrangement (24), with the fluid in a container body (20) Pressure is set, the storage spring arrangement (24) being supported at one end at one end of the cylinder housing and with its other end acting on a movable pressure piece (23) which also surrounds the working cylinder or the working cylinder housing (11), which also does the same Working cylinder housing (11) surrounding container body (20) comprises at least two axially extending bores (21), in each of which a pressure piston (25) can be slid, on one end face of which the pressure piece (23) rests and on the other end face of which the pressure fluid is present. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen hydraulischen Antrieb gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a hydraulic drive according to the preamble of the claim 1.

Ein solcher Antrieb ist beispielsweise aus der EP 0 451 724 B1 bekannt. Der Energiespeicher besteht bei diesem Antrieb aus einem Tellerfederpaket, dessen Federkraft auf einen Kolben wirkt, der in einem Druckzylinder gleitet und auf dessen der Tellerfeder entgegengesetzten Seite der Druckfluidraum vorgesehen ist. Der Antriebskolben für den Schalter befindet sich seitlich neben dem Druckzylinder, so daß diese Anordnung einen relativ großen Platzbedarf besitzt.Such a drive is known for example from EP 0 451 724 B1. The energy storage consists of a disc spring package with its spring force acts a piston that slides in a pressure cylinder and on which the disc spring opposite side of the pressure fluid space is provided. The drive piston for the switch is located on the side next to the pressure cylinder, so that this arrangement has a relatively large space requirement.

Einen geringeren Platzbedarf benötigt der hydraulische Antrieb nach der EP 0 158 054 B1, bei dem das Federpaket mit Zugstangen auf einen Kolben einwirkt, durch den die Antriebskolbenstange hindurchgreift. Der Druckzylinder, die Antriebskolbenstange, der Antriebszylinderraum und die Federanordnugn liegen auf einer Achse.The hydraulic drive according to EP 0 158 054 requires less space B1, in which the spring assembly acts on a piston with pull rods, through which the Grips through the drive piston rod. The pressure cylinder, the drive piston rod, the The drive cylinder chamber and the spring arrangement lie on one axis.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen hydraulischen Antrieb der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen und bei dem die Raumausnutzung verbessert ist. The object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic drive of the type mentioned to create and in which the space utilization is improved.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1.This object is achieved by the features of Claim 1.

Erfindungsgemäß sind in der Behälteranordnung wenigstens zwei axial verlaufende Bohrungen vorgesehen, in denen je ein Druckkolben gleitend verschiebbar ist, an deren einen Stirnfläche das Druckstück anliegt und an deren anderer Stirnfläche das Druckfluid ansteht.According to the invention there are at least two axially extending ones in the container arrangement Bores are provided, in each of which a pressure piston is slidable, at the other one end face the thrust piece and the other end face the Pressure fluid is present.

In besonders vorteilhafter Weise sind drei axial verlaufende Bohrungen vorgesehen, in denen die Druckkolben gleiten.In a particularly advantageous manner, three axially running bores are provided in where the pressure pistons slide.

Gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann die Behälteranordnung einen ringförmigen Behälterkörper umfassen, der den Arbeitszylinder konzentrisch umgibt.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the container arrangement can be one comprise annular container body which concentrically surrounds the working cylinder.

Zur Fixierung kann am Arbeitszylindergehäuse ein Flanschrand vorgesehen sein, der in einen Rücksprung am Behälterkörper eingreift, so daß durch die Federanordnung der Behälterkörper gegen den Flanschrand gedrückt ist.A flange edge can be provided on the working cylinder housing for fixing engages in a recess on the container body, so that by the spring arrangement the container body is pressed against the flange edge.

In dem Behälterkörper kann dabei auch eine Pumpe zur Erzeugung des Druckfluids eingebaut sein.A pump for generating the pressure fluid can also be in the container body be installed.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann die Behälteranordnung eine Anzahl von Behälterkörpern aufweisen, die der Anzahl der Bohrungen entspricht. Bei drei Bohrungen sind drei Behälterkörper vorgesehen, die gleichmäßig am Umfang des Arbeitszylinders verteilt an diesem befestigt sind.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the container arrangement have a number of container bodies which corresponds to the number of bores. With three holes, three container bodies are provided, which are even on the circumference distributed of the working cylinder attached to this.

Dabei besteht die Möglichkeit, daß der Arbeitszylinder sechseckig ausgebildet ist, wobei an den Sechseckflächen zwischen den Behälterkörpern weitere Komponenten befestigt werden können.There is a possibility that the working cylinder is hexagonal, wherein further components are attached to the hexagonal surfaces between the container bodies can be.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausführung bietet die Vorteile einer verbesserten Raumausnutzung; die Feder wirkt zugankerlos auf die Druckkolben, so daß deshalb auch keine Dichtungen erforderlich sind im Bereich der Zuganker. Die Energie wird über einen kurzen Weg dem Arbeitskolben zugeführt; die Druckkolben liegen praktisch direkt am Arbeitskolben.The embodiment according to the invention offers the advantages of improved space utilization; the spring acts without a tie rod on the pressure pistons, so that therefore none Seals are required in the area of the tie rods. The energy is about one short distance to the working piston; the pressure pistons are practically directly on Piston.

Darüberhinaus werden die Montage- und evtl. Revisionsarbeiten erleichtert, da insbesondere dann, wenn mehrere Behälterkörper vorgesehen sind, aufgrund der Modulbauweise leichte Auswechselmöglichkeiten bestehen. Der Zylinderkörper kann aus gezogenem Material oder Schmiedematerial bestehen und die einzelnen Behälterkörper für die Druckkolben können aus leicht bearbeitbarem Aluminium-Halbzeug hergestellt werden.In addition, the assembly and possibly revision work are made easier, in particular when several container bodies are provided due to the modular design easy exchange options exist. The cylinder body can be made drawn material or forging material and the individual container body for the pressure pistons can be made from easily machined semi-finished aluminum become.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the others Subclaims.

Anhand der Zeichnung, in der zwei Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt sind, sollen die Erfindung sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Verbesserungen der Erfindung näher erläutert und beschrieben werden.Using the drawing, in which two embodiments of the invention are shown are, the invention and other advantageous refinements and improvements the invention are explained and described in more detail.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung des Hydraulikantriebes,
Fig. 2
eine Schnittansicht durch einen Hydraulikantrieb entsprechend der Ausführung gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine Schnittansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung, und
Fig. 4
eine Aufsicht auf die Anordnung gemäß Pfeilrichtung IV.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of the hydraulic drive,
Fig. 2
2 shows a sectional view through a hydraulic drive corresponding to the embodiment according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
a sectional view of a further embodiment of the invention, and
Fig. 4
a supervision of the arrangement according to arrow direction IV.

Der hydraulische Antrieb oder Hydraulikantrieb 10 besitzt einen Zylinderkörper 11 für einen Arbeitszylinder 12, in dem ein Arbeitskolben 13 (auch Antriebskolben genannt) geführt ist, an dem sich eine Antriebskolbenstange 14 anschließt, mit dem ein Hochspannungsleistungsschalter 15 betätigt werden kann. Am Ende und am Anfang des Bewegungsweges des Antriebskolbens 13 oder Arbeitskolbens 13 befinden sich Dämpfungselemente 16 und 17, in die Bereiche 18 und 19 und größerem Durchmesser als der der Antriebskolbenstange 14 beidseitig des Arbeitskolbens 13 hineinfahren und die Bewegung des Arbeitskolbens 13 am Ende seiner Bewegung dämpfend abbremsen. An dem Zylinderkörper 11 schließt sich ein Behälterkörper 20 mit größerem Durchmesser an, in dem drei Bohrungen 21 untergebracht sind, von denen lediglich eine Bohrung zu sehen ist. Diese Bohrungen 21 befinden sich auf einem Kreis um die Mittelachse M-M des Hydraulikantriebes und sind auf diesem Kreis gleichmäßig verteilt.The hydraulic drive or hydraulic drive 10 has a cylinder body 11 for a working cylinder 12 in which a working piston 13 (also called a driving piston) is guided, to which a drive piston rod 14 connects, with which a high-voltage circuit breaker 15 can be operated. At the end and at the beginning of the Movement path of the drive piston 13 or working piston 13 are Damping elements 16 and 17, in the areas 18 and 19 and larger diameters than that of the drive piston rod 14 on both sides of the working piston 13 and dampen the movement of the working piston 13 at the end of its movement. A container body 20 with a larger one closes on the cylinder body 11 Diameter in which three holes 21 are housed, of which only a hole can be seen. These holes 21 are in a circle around the Center axis M-M of the hydraulic drive and are evenly distributed on this circle.

An dem freien Ende des Zylinderkörpers oder -gehäuses 11 befindet sich ein Abstützring 22, der mit dem Zylindergehäuse 11 fest verbunden ist. Das Zylindergehäuse 11 wird von einem Druckring 23 umgeben, der beweglich auf der Außenfläche des Zylindergehäuses 11 geführt ist; zwischen dem Druckring 23 und dem Abstützring 22 ist eine Federanordnung 24 vorgesehen, die beispielsweise der Federanordnung der Hydraulikeinrichtung nach der EP 0 451 724 B1 entspricht und als Tellerfederpaket ausgebildet sein kann.At the free end of the cylinder body or housing 11 there is a support ring 22, which is firmly connected to the cylinder housing 11. The cylinder housing 11 is surrounded by a pressure ring 23 which is movable on the outer surface of the cylinder housing 11 is guided; between the pressure ring 23 and the support ring 22 a spring arrangement 24 is provided, for example the spring arrangement of the hydraulic device corresponds to EP 0 451 724 B1 and is designed as a plate spring assembly can be.

In den Bohrungen 21 sind Druckkolben 25 aufgenommen, die von der Federanordnung 24 in Pfeilrichtung D bewegt werden. Auf der dem Druckring 23 entgegengesetzten Seite jedes Druckkolbens ist ein Druckfluidraum 26 vorgesehen, in den von einer Pumpe 27, die von einem Motor 28 angetrieben wird, über eine Leitung 29 und den Arbeitszylinder 12 sowie eine weitere Leitung 30, 31 Druckfluid zugeführt wird, wodurch der Druckkolben entgegen der Pfeilrichtung D aus der Bohrung 21 herausgedrückt wird und dabei die Federanordnung 24 spannt. Die Leitungen 29, 30, 31 sind in den Behälterkörper 20 eingebracht. Die Leitung 30 setzt sich fort zu einem P-Anschluß eines Umsteuerventils 32, das einen Umsteuerschieber 33 besitzt, der von Elektromagnetelementen A und E in Ausschalt- bzw. Einschaltrichtung betätigt wird. Über eine Leitung 34, die mit dem T-Anschluß des Ventils 32 verbunden ist, wird das Druckfluid durch einen Filter 35 einem Niederdrucktank 36 zugeführt, von wo das Druckfluid von der Pumpe 27 wieder dem Arbeitskolben bzw. dem Arbeitszylinder 12 zugeführt wird. Die Leitung 30 setzt sich fort in eine Leitung 38, die mit dem P-Anschluß des Ventiles 32 verbunden ist; der Z-Anschluß des Ventiles ist über eine Leitung 39 mit dem Raum des Zylinders 12 verbunden, der auf der Seite mit der größeren Kolbenfläche liegt. Die Fig. 1 zeigt den Schalter in Ausschaltstellung. Wenn der Schalter 15 in Einschaltstellung verbracht werden soll, dann wird über die Pumpe 27 und die Leitung 39 auch von der Federanordnung und die Druckkolben bei entsprechender Stellung des Umschaltventils 32 Hochdruckfluid auf beide Seiten des Arbeitskolbens 13 gefördert; da die Fläche des Arbeitskolbens 13, an der die Kolbenstange 14 anschließt, kleiner ist als die entgegengesetzte Fläche, wird der Arbeitskolben 13 und die Kolbenstange 14 nach oben zum Schließen des Schalters 15 bewegt. Wenn der Schalter 15 ausgeschaltet werden soll, dann wird über das Ventil 32 eine Verbindung zwischen der Leitung 39 und 34 und dem Niederdrucktank 36 geschaffen, so daß der Raum, der auf der Seite mit der größeren Kolbenfläche liegt, entlastet wird; das Druckfluid in dem Raum mit der kleineren Kolbenseite drückt den Arbeitskolben 13 in Ausschaltstellung.In the bores 21, pressure pistons 25 are received by the spring arrangement 24 are moved in the direction of arrow D. On the opposite of the pressure ring 23 A pressure fluid chamber 26 is provided on the side of each pressure piston Pump 27, which is driven by a motor 28, via a line 29 and Working cylinder 12 and a further line 30, 31 pressure fluid is supplied, whereby the pressure piston is pushed out of the bore 21 in the opposite direction of the arrow D. is and thereby tensioning the spring assembly 24. The lines 29, 30, 31 are in introduced the container body 20. Line 30 continues to a P port a reversing valve 32, which has a reversing slide 33, that of electromagnetic elements A and E is actuated in the switch-off or switch-on direction. Over a Line 34, which is connected to the T-connection of valve 32, becomes the pressure fluid through a filter 35 to a low pressure tank 36, from where the pressure fluid from the pump 27 is fed back to the working piston or the working cylinder 12. Line 30 continues into line 38 which connects to the P port of the valve 32 is connected; the Z-connection of the valve is via a line 39 to the room of the cylinder 12 connected, which is on the side with the larger piston area. The Fig. 1 shows the switch in the off position. When switch 15 is in the on position should be spent, then the pump 27 and the line 39 from the spring arrangement and the pressure piston with the corresponding position of the changeover valve 32 high pressure fluid pumped to both sides of the working piston 13; because the area of the working piston 13, to which the piston rod 14 connects, is smaller than that opposite surface, the working piston 13 and the piston rod 14 after moved up to close the switch 15. When switch 15 is turned off then a connection between the line 39 is established via the valve 32 and 34 and the low pressure tank 36 created so that the space on the side with the larger piston area is relieved; the pressure fluid in the room with the smaller piston side presses the working piston 13 in the off position.

Das Druckfluid wird sowohl von der Pumpe als auch von der Energiespeichereinrichtung bereitgestellt, die durch die Federanordnung 24 sowie die drei Druckkolben 25 in den Bohrungen 21 gebildet ist. Das in den Räumen 26 sich befindliche Druckfluid betätigt dann in beschriebener Weise den Arbeitskolben 13.The pressure fluid is both from the pump and from the energy storage device provided by the spring assembly 24 and the three pressure pistons 25 in the holes 21 is formed. The pressurized fluid located in rooms 26 is actuated then the working piston 13 in the manner described.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt eine detaillierte Darstellung eines Hydraulikantriebes im Schnitt, ohne Darstellung der Federn.Fig. 2 shows a detailed representation of a hydraulic drive in section, without Representation of the feathers.

Der Zylinderkörper 11 enthält den Arbeitszylinder 12 und innerhalb des Arbeitszylinders 12 ist der Arbeits- bzw. Antriebskolben 13 geführt. Der Abstützring 22 ist am Arbeitszylinder 11 mittels einer Gewindebuchse 40 gehalten, die eine Stufung 41 aufweist, gegen den sich ein Rücksprung 42 am Abstützring 22 anlegt. Die Gewindebuchse 40 ist auf ein Außengewinde 43 des Zylinderkörpers 11 aufgeschraubt.The cylinder body 11 contains the working cylinder 12 and inside the working cylinder 12, the working or drive piston 13 is guided. The support ring 22 is on the working cylinder 11 held by means of a threaded bush 40 which has a step 41, against which a recess 42 bears against the support ring 22. The threaded bush 40 is screwed onto an external thread 43 of the cylinder body 11.

Der Arbeitszylinder 12 ist mittels eines Verschlußstückes 44 verschlossen, das eine Sacklochbohrung 45 aufweist, die Teil des Arbeitszylinders 12 ist. In dem Verschlußstück 44 sind mehrere Querbohrungen 46, 47 vorgesehen, in die parallel zum Arbeitszylinder 12 verlaufende Leitungen einmünden, die den Leitungen 39 bzw. 29 entsprechen und hier die Bezugsziffern 48 und 49 erhalten haben. The working cylinder 12 is closed by means of a closure piece 44, the one Has blind hole 45 which is part of the working cylinder 12. In the closure piece 44 a plurality of transverse bores 46, 47 are provided, in parallel to the working cylinder 12 run out lines that correspond to lines 39 and 29 respectively and have received the reference numbers 48 and 49 here.

Um den Zylinderkörper 11 herum ist an dem entgegengesetzten Ende ein Behälterkörper, auch Behälter 50 genannt, angeordnet, das dem Behältergehäuse oder -körper 20 entspricht und die Bohrungen 21 aufweist, in denen je ein Druckkolben 25 aufgenommen ist. Zwischen dem Abstützstück 22 und dem Behältergehäuse 50 befindet sich ein weiteres Druckstück 23, und dazwischen befindet sich die Federanordnung 24 (in Fig. 2 nicht gezeigt).Around the cylinder body 11 is a container body at the opposite end, also called container 50, which is arranged in the container housing or body 20 corresponds and has the bores 21, in each of which a pressure piston 25 is received is. There is a between the support piece 22 and the container housing 50 further pressure piece 23, and in between is the spring arrangement 24 (in Fig. 2 not shown).

Das in der Zeichnung oben befindliche Ende des Zylinderkörpers 11 besitzt einen Randbord 51 der in einen Rücksprung 52 am Behältergehäuse 50 eingreift; wenn alle Teile miteinander zusammengesteckt und montiert sind, wird von der Federanordnung über das Druckstück 23, die Druckkolben 25 und das Druckfluid ein Druck auf das Behältergehäuse 50 ausgeübt, so daß sich dieses mit seinem Rücksprung gegen den Flanschrand 51 anlegt und so das Behältergehäuse 50 in seiner Lage gehalten ist.The end of the cylinder body 11 located at the top of the drawing has one Rim 51 which engages in a recess 52 on the container housing 50; if all Parts are put together and assembled by the spring assembly a pressure on the container housing via the pressure piece 23, the pressure piston 25 and the pressure fluid 50 exercised, so that this with its return against the Flange edge 51 creates and so the container housing 50 is held in position.

Der Raum 26 ist über eine Bohrung 53 mit einer Bohrung 54 im Zylinderkörper 11 verbunden, die miteinander fluchten und radial zu dem Zylinderkörper 11 verlaufen und in den Arbeitszylinder 12 einmünden. Die Leitung 48 ist über eine Querbohrung 55 mit einer Bohrung 56 verbunden, die zum Z-Anschluß des Umschaltventils 32 führt. Die anderen Bohrungen, die zu den Anschlüssen P und T führen, sind in der Fig. 2 nicht dargestellt.The space 26 is connected via a bore 53 to a bore 54 in the cylinder body 11, which are aligned with one another and run radially to the cylinder body 11 and in open the working cylinder 12. The line 48 is with a transverse bore 55 a bore 56 connected to the Z-port of the changeover valve 32. The other holes that lead to the connections P and T are not shown in FIG. 2 shown.

Auf die freie Außenfläche des Behältergehäuses 50 ist ein Deckel 57 aufgesetzt, in dem (nicht gezeigt) das Filter 35 untergebracht ist.A lid 57 is placed on the free outer surface of the container housing 50, in which (not shown) the filter 35 is housed.

Der Arbeitszylinder 12 ist kolbenstangenseitig mittels eines weiteren Verschlußstückes 58 verschlossen, durch welches die Kolbenstange nach außen herausragt und welches in den Deckel 57 unter Zwischenfügung von Dichtungen 59 eingreift.The working cylinder 12 is on the piston rod side by means of a further closure piece 58 closed, through which the piston rod protrudes outwards and which engages in the cover 57 with the interposition of seals 59.

Der hydraulische Antrieb 70 gemäß der Fig. 3 besitzt einen Zylinderkörper 71, in dem ein Arbeitszylinder 72 eingebracht ist, in dem sich ein Arbeitskolben 73 bewegt, der in seinem Aufbau und seiner Arbeitsweise dem Arbeitskolben 13 entspricht. Der Zylinderkörper 71 ist an seinem schalterabseitigen, also unten befindlichen Ende mit einer Buchse 74 verschlossen, die mit einem Deckel 75 festgehalten ist. Im Bereich der Buchse 74, also am schalterabseitigen Ende, besitzt der Zylinderkörper 71 einen Rücksprung 76, wodurch ein Bereich 77 mit verringertem Durchmesser gebildet ist, der ein Außengewinde 78 aufweist, auf das ein zylinderförmiger Kragen 79 einer Hülse 80 aufgeschraubt ist. Die Hülse 80 besitzt zwei in Abstand zueinander angeordnete Nuten 81 und 82, in die ein Kraftübertragungsglied 83 bzw. 83' eingreift. Das Kraftübertragungsglied 83 bzw. 83' wirkt mit einem Druckring 84, 84' zusammen und zwar wie folgt: das Kraftübertragungsglied 83 besitzt eine radial nach innen vorspringende Leiste 85, die in die Rille bzw. Nut 81 eingreift, sowie eine konusförmige Fläche 86, gegen die eine Konusfläche 87 am Krafteinleitungsglied 84 angreift. Aus Montagegründen ist das Kraftübertragungsglied 83 geteilt und zwar in zwei Ringhälften, die sich im montierten Zustand zu einem Ring ergänzen. Die Konusflächen 87, 86 sind so angeordnet, daß das Krafteinleitungsglied 84 (auch Druckring genannt) das Kraftübertragungsglied 83 teilweise konzentrisch umgibt. Der Druckring 84 umgibt die Hülse 80 an ihrer Außenfläche. Die gleiche Wirkung wird auch mit den Elementen 83', 84' erreicht.The hydraulic drive 70 according to FIG. 3 has a cylinder body 71 in which a working cylinder 72 is introduced, in which a working piston 73 moves, which in its structure and its mode of operation corresponds to that of the working piston 13. The cylinder body 71 is at its switch-side end, ie at the bottom, with a Socket 74 closed, which is held in place with a cover 75. In the field of Socket 74, that is to say at the end remote from the switch, has a cylindrical body 71 Recess 76, thereby forming an area 77 of reduced diameter which has an external thread 78 on which a cylindrical collar 79 of a sleeve 80 is screwed on. The sleeve 80 has two grooves arranged at a distance from one another 81 and 82, in which a force transmission member 83 or 83 'engages. The power transmission link 83 or 83 'cooperates with a pressure ring 84, 84', as follows: the force transmission member 83 has a radially inwardly projecting ledge 85, which engages in the groove or groove 81, and a conical surface 86 against which a conical surface 87 engages the force introduction member 84. For assembly reasons it is Power transmission member 83 divided into two ring halves, which are mounted in the Add condition to a ring. The conical surfaces 87, 86 are arranged such that the force introduction member 84 (also called the pressure ring) the force transmission member 83 partially concentrically surrounds. The pressure ring 84 surrounds the sleeve 80 on its outer surface. The same effect is also achieved with the elements 83 ', 84'.

An dem Zylinderkörper, und zwar im Bereich des schalterseitigen Endes besitzt der Zylinderkörper 71 einen Abschnitt 88, der an seinem Außenumfang ein Sechseckprofil bildet mit sechs Flächen 89, 90, 91, 92, 93 und 94. In der Fig. 3 ist die Fläche 92 sichtbar. An den Flächen 90, 92 und 94 sind Behälterkörper 95, 97 und 99 jeweils mit Schraubverbindungen 96, 98 und 100 befestigt. Die Behälterkörper 95, 97 und 99 sind gleich aufgebaut, so daß es ausreicht, den Behälterkörper 95 anhand der Fig. 3 darzustellen. Der Behälterkörper 95 ist topfförmig ausgebildet mit einem Topfboden 101 und einer Wand 102, die innen zylindrisch und, wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich, am Außenbereich rechteckig bzw. quadratisch ist. Innerhalb der Wand ist eine Bohrung 103 eingebracht, in der ein Druckkolben 104 gleitend geführt ist. Die offene Seite des Behälterkörpers 95 weist zum schalterabseitigen Ende hin und ist mittels eines Deckels 105 dicht verschlossen. Der Deckel 105 besitzt eine Bohrung 106, durch die eine Kolbenstange 107, die mit dem Druckkolben 104 einstückig verbunden ist, hindurchragt.On the cylinder body, in the area of the switch-side end, the Cylinder body 71 has a section 88 which has a hexagonal profile on its outer circumference forms with six surfaces 89, 90, 91, 92, 93 and 94. In FIG. 3 the surface 92 is visible. At the surfaces 90, 92 and 94, container bodies 95, 97 and 99 are each with Screw connections 96, 98 and 100 attached. The container bodies 95, 97 and 99 are constructed the same, so that it is sufficient to show the container body 95 with reference to FIG. 3. The container body 95 is pot-shaped with a pot bottom 101 and a wall 102 which is cylindrical on the inside and, as can be seen in FIG. 4, on the outside is rectangular or square. A bore 103 is made in the wall, in which a pressure piston 104 is slidably guided. The open side of the container body 95 points to the end remote from the switch and is by means of a cover 105 tightly closed. The lid 105 has a bore 106 through which a piston rod 107, which is integrally connected to the pressure piston 104, projects through it.

Der Zylinderkörper 71 ist von einem Druckkörper 108 umgeben, der eine radiale Anschlagfläche 109 aufweist; zwischen dem Druckring 84 und dem Druckkörper 108 befindet sich eine Tellerfederanordnung. Der Druckkörper 108 übergreift die Kolbenstange 107, so daß dann, wenn der Druckkolben aus dem Behälterkörper 95 herausgedrückt wird, dieser über den Druckkörper 108 die Federanordnung spannt.The cylinder body 71 is surrounded by a pressure body 108, which has a radial stop surface 109; is located between the pressure ring 84 and the pressure body 108 a disc spring arrangement. The pressure body 108 engages over the piston rod 107, so that when the pressure piston is pressed out of the container body 95 is, this tensions the spring assembly via the pressure body 108.

Der Druckkörper 108 kann nun ein Ring sein; es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, daß er einen ringförmigen Abschnitt im mittleren Bereich aufweist, an dem Arme angeformt sind, die die Kolbenstangen 107 aller drei Behälterkörper übergreifen.The pressure body 108 can now be a ring; there is also a possibility that he has an annular section in the central region, on which arms are molded are that overlap the piston rods 107 of all three container bodies.

Die drei Behälterkörper 95, 97 und 99 sind sternförmig am Zylinderkörper 71 in dessen Bereich 88 angeordnet; dazwischen können an den jeweiligen Flächen 91, 93 und 95 weitere Hydraulikkomponenten angeformt sein. So ist an der Seitenfläche 91 ein Umschaltventil 110 befestigt, an der Seitenfläche 93 eine Wegerfassung 111 und an der Fläche 89 eine Niederdrucktrankpumpanordnung 112 (das ist nur beispielhaft angegeben).The three container bodies 95, 97 and 99 are star-shaped on the cylinder body 71 in the latter Area 88 arranged; in between can be on the respective surfaces 91, 93 and 95 other hydraulic components can be molded. There is a changeover valve on the side surface 91 110 attached, on the side surface 93, a path detection 111 and on the Surface 89 a low pressure potion pump assembly 112 (this is only given as an example).

Auf diese Weise ist ein Hydraulikantrieb einfach aufzubauen. Die einzelnen Druckkolben sind in demontierbaren Behälterkörpern untergebracht und insgesamt ist die Anordnung gemäß den Fig. 3 und 4 einfach und modular aufgebaut, so daß die Montage und Revisionen einfach auszuführen sind.In this way, a hydraulic drive is easy to set up. The individual pressure pistons are housed in removable container bodies and overall the arrangement 3 and 4 simple and modular structure, so that the assembly and revisions are easy to do.

Ergänzend sei noch ausgeführt, daß am schalterseitigen Ende der Arbeitszylinder 72 mit einer Buchse 115 verschlossen ist, durch die die Kolbenstange 73' des Arbeitskolbens 73 herausragt. Weiterhin ist ein Abschlußdeckel 116 vorgesehen, der als Niederdrucktank dient. In gleicher Weise sind innerhalb des Zylinderkörpers 71 Quer- und Längsbohrungen 117 und 118 vorgesehen, die als Druckfluidleitungen dienen.In addition, it should be stated that the working cylinder 72 at the switch end is closed with a bushing 115 through which the piston rod 73 'of the working piston 73 protrudes. Furthermore, an end cover 116 is provided, which acts as a low-pressure tank serves. In the same way are 71 cross and inside the cylinder body Longitudinal bores 117 and 118 are provided which serve as pressurized fluid lines.

Claims (11)

  1. Hydraulic drive, in particular for a high-voltage circuit-breaker, having a working cylinder (12), in which a working piston (13) can move, and having an energy store, which contains a storage spring arrangement (24) and by means of which fluid situated in a container arrangement (20) is pressurized, the storage spring arrangement (24) being supported by one end on the cylinder housing (11) and acting by means of its other end on a movable thrust piece (23) which likewise surrounds the working-cylinder housing (11), characterized in that the container arrangement (20), which likewise surrounds the working-cylinder housing (11), comprises at least two axially running bores (21), in each of which a pressure piston (25) is displaceable in a sliding manner, against one end face of which piston the thrust piece (23) bears and at the other end face of which the hydraulic fluid is present.
  2. Hydraulic drive according to Claim 1, characterized in that three bores, each with a pressure piston, are provided.
  3. Hydraulic drive according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the container arrangement comprises an annular container body (20) which concentrically surrounds the working cylinder (11).
  4. Hydraulic drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that provided on the working-cylinder housing (11) is a flange rim (51), which engages into a recess (52) on the container body (50), so that the container body (50) is pressed against the flange rim (51) by the spring arrangement (24).
  5. Hydraulic drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pump (27) for generating the hydraulic fluid is incorporated in the container body (50).
  6. Hydraulic drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a changeover valve (32) is fastened to the outside of the container body (50), and in that the pump is connected to the bores (21), the changeover valve (32) and to the cylinder chamber (12) on both sides of the piston (13) via bores provided in the working-cylinder housing (11) and in the container housing (50).
  7. Hydraulic drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cover (57) is fastened on that side of the container body (50) which is approximately flush with the free end of the working cylinder (11).
  8. Hydraulic drive according to one of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the container arrangement comprises a number of container bodies (95, 99, 110) which corresponds to the number of bores (13), which bodies each have a bore and are fastened to the cylinder body (71) distributed evenly over its periphery.
  9. Hydraulic drive according to Claim 8, characterized in that the contact surface between each container body (95, 99, 110) is planar and runs axially on the cylinder body (71).
  10. Hydraulic drive according to one of Claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the cylinder body (71) is of hexagonal design in the region of the container bodies (95, 99, 110), and in that further hydraulic components, such as changeover valve, low-pressure tank/pump device and the like are fastened to the hexagon surfaces of the cylinder body (71) which lie between the container bodies (95, 99, 110).
  11. Hydraulic drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring arrangement (24) is formed by disc springs.
EP97115485A 1996-09-12 1997-09-08 Hydraulic drive Expired - Lifetime EP0829892B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19637052 1996-09-12
DE19637052A DE19637052A1 (en) 1996-09-12 1996-09-12 Hydraulic drive

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EP0829892B1 true EP0829892B1 (en) 1999-01-13

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KR (1) KR100479651B1 (en)
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DE202016100443U1 (en) 2015-12-23 2016-02-16 Abb Technology Ag Storage module for a hydro-mechanical spring-loaded drive

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DE19637051A1 (en) * 1996-09-12 1998-03-19 Abb Patent Gmbh Hydraulic drive
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DE102007062291A1 (en) 2007-10-16 2009-04-23 Abb Technology Ag Hydraulic spring accumulator drive
DE102008004063A1 (en) * 2008-01-12 2009-07-16 Abb Technology Ag Hydraulic drive
DE102008024097A1 (en) 2008-05-17 2009-11-19 Abb Technology Ag Circuit breaker operating mechanism
DE102008032143A1 (en) 2008-07-08 2010-01-14 Abb Technology Ag Hydraulic spring accumulator drive
DE102008035871B4 (en) 2008-08-01 2011-03-24 Abb Technology Ag Cam disc and spring travel switch for a spring-loaded drive and spring-loaded drive
DE102008050674A1 (en) * 2008-10-07 2010-04-08 Abb Technology Ag Hydromechanical spring-loaded drive
DE102009015881A1 (en) * 2009-04-01 2010-10-07 Abb Technology Ag Hydromechanical drive for electrical line switches
DE102010054665B3 (en) 2010-12-15 2012-02-02 Abb Technology Ag Storage module for a hydraulic spring-loaded drive
DE102011011311A1 (en) 2011-02-15 2012-08-16 Abb Technology Ag Drive for a high voltage circuit breaker
US8736288B2 (en) * 2011-05-16 2014-05-27 Teradyne, Inc. Liquid cooling during testing
DE102012011130A1 (en) 2012-06-05 2013-12-05 Abb Technology Ag Working cylinder for driving an electric circuit breaker
DE102013010496A1 (en) 2012-10-18 2014-04-24 Abb Technology Ag Lift-dependent switching electrical switching device with extended hysteresis
DE102013005621B4 (en) 2013-04-04 2021-05-06 Abb Power Grids Switzerland Ag Locking device for a hydromechanical spring-loaded drive in a gas-insulated switchgear
CN112145500B (en) * 2020-09-25 2022-05-03 宁波赛福汽车制动有限公司 Closed-loop control hydraulic system and control method

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DE3611501A1 (en) * 1986-04-05 1987-10-08 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie DRIVE FOR GENERATING A LINEAR MOVEMENT FOR A CONSUMER
DE3611497A1 (en) * 1986-04-05 1987-10-08 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Drive device for sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage power circuit breakers
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WO2012069112A1 (en) 2010-11-26 2012-05-31 Abb Technology Ag Drive controller for high-voltage switching devices
DE102010052481A1 (en) 2010-11-26 2012-05-31 Abb Technology Ag Drive control for high voltage switching devices
DE102010052481B4 (en) 2010-11-26 2023-07-06 Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag high voltage switching device
DE202016100443U1 (en) 2015-12-23 2016-02-16 Abb Technology Ag Storage module for a hydro-mechanical spring-loaded drive
WO2017108403A1 (en) 2015-12-23 2017-06-29 Abb Schweiz Ag Accumulator module for hydromechanical spring-loaded drive

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KR100479651B1 (en) 2005-07-18
DE19637052A1 (en) 1998-03-19
JP4008544B2 (en) 2007-11-14
DE59700075D1 (en) 1999-02-25
KR19980024180A (en) 1998-07-06
TW385461B (en) 2000-03-21
EP0829892A1 (en) 1998-03-18
JPH10184610A (en) 1998-07-14

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