Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
  • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
  • A45D34/00—Containers or accessories specially adapted for handling liquid toiletry or cosmetic substances, e.g. perfumes
  • A45D34/04—Appliances specially adapted for applying liquid, e.g. using roller or ball
  • A45D34/041—Appliances specially adapted for applying liquid, e.g. using roller or ball using a roller, a disc or a ball

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a roll-on applicator.
• the roll-on applicator according to the present invention allows venting of gasses between the interior and the exterior of said applicator.
• Roll-on applicators are well known in the art. Usually, said applicators are containers comprising a hollow body for liquids, a ball and a retaining support means for said ball. These roll-on applicators generally allow to apply a liquid film from the inside of the hollow body to a selected surface. The common problem of these is to avoid leakage or spillage of the contained liquid during the periods of non-use of said roll-on applicators.
• the prior art solves this problem using the cooperation of a cap. Indeed, as disclosed in US-3 036 328, US-4 221 494, US-4 221 495, US-4 475 837 and US-5 051 017, the ball is forced to engage and bear against a sealing surface of said retaining support means when the container is closed by the cap.
• Said roll-on applicator comprises a container adapted to contain and dispense a product.
• Said container comprises a hollow body, a dispensing opening, a ball and a flexible and resilient support means for said ball.
• Said flexible and resilient support means urges said ball against said dispensing opening, achieving a leak-tight engagement between said ball and said dispensing opening.
• Said flexible and resilient support means can be deformed in a resilient manner by an external force acting on said ball whereby said leak- tight engagement between said ball and said dispensing opening is disengaged, allowing said contained product to be spread by said ball.
• said flexible and resilient support means together with said ball acts as a valve which opens when pressing on said ball.
• gas-tight engagement means that no gases are able to pass through the engagement between the inside and the outside of the container.
• pressure release rate the rate of pressure which may be released to the outside of the container through this engagement
• the content of the package may, for example, be chemically unstable or may be subject to reaction with gases which may exist in the head space of the package, or alternatively, in certain specific circumstances, may react with the package material itself. Any chemical reactions involving the liquid contents may lead to production of gases, and hence to overpressure in the package. Pressure built up inside said container may also occur when the temperature during the filling and sealing of the container is significantly different from external temperature during shipment, transportation and storage. Another possibility of a pressure difference may be caused by a different ambient pressure at the filling of the container from another ambient pressure at a different geographical location.
• the expelled product may cover also other areas which were not intended to be covered by the user.
• the quantity of product expelled may be greater than necessary without the possibility of control. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a leak-tight container comprising a roll-on applicator, but which nevertheless allows venting of gases to impede that product may be expelled from the inside of said container driven by the pressure built up inside the container, thereby avoiding messiness and waste of the contained product.
• the present invention is a package comprising a container (10) adapted to contain and dispense a product, and a cap (20).
• Said container comprises a hollow body (1 ), a dispensing opening (2), a ball (3) and a flexible and resilient support means (4) for said ball.
• Said flexible and resilient support means urges said ball against said dispensing opening, achieving a substantially leak-tight engagement between said ball and said dispensing opening.
• Said flexible and resilient support means can be deformed in a resilient manner by an external force acting on said ball whereby said substantially leak-tight engagement between said ball and said dispensing opening is disengaged, allowing said contained product to be spread by said ball.
• Said cap can be engaged to said container in a removable manner.
• Said cap covers said dispensing opening.
• Said cap presses onto said ball creating a free passage between said ball and said dispensing opening only when said cap is engaged and/or disengaged from said container.
• Figures 1a and 1 b are cross sectional views showing a container (shown partially) with an embodiment of the flexible and resilient support means for a ball according to the present invention in a cross sectional view.
• Figures 2a and 2b are cross sectional views showing containers (shown partially) with other embodiments of the flexible and resilient support means for a ball according to the present invention.
• Figure 3 illustrates the top view of the embodiment of the flexible and resilient support means for the ball of Figure 2b.
• Figures 4a and 4b are cross sectional views illustrating a container
• Figures 4c and 4d are front views illustrating the engagement means in the upper portion of said container according to the present invention.
• Figures 5a, 5b and 5c are equivalent to the corresponding Figures 4a and 4b, whereby said cap is shown in another embodiment according to the present invention.
• Figure 6 is a front view of the engagement between the cap and the container, whereby said engagement is a child resistant closure.
• FIG. 10 An embodiment of the container (10) according to the present invention is shown in a cross sectional view in Figures 1a and 1 b.
• the present invention provides a container (10) (only partially shown in Figure 1a) adapted to contain and dispense a product.
• the word "container” encompasses any form and/or type of containers comprising a hollow body
• bottles, tubes, dosing and/or dispensing devices are containers according to the definition of the present invention.
• the hollow body (1 ) of the container may be made of a rigid, soft or flexible material. Soft or flexible materials may be preferred to allow squeezing of the hollow body itself for a further controlled dispensing through the opening.
• said hollow body may be preferably made of a material resistant to water temperatures up to 95 °C. Said dispensing opening is located in the upper portion of said container.
• upper portion of said container is the portion of said container from said dispensing opening down to the highest level of the contained product when said container stands on its upright position or it is the neck when said container is, for example, a bottle.
• axis of a container is a direction perpendicular to the basis upon which said container stands in its upright position.
• said dosing and/or dispensing devices are adapted for pretreatment of fabrics, like, for example, the one described in WO 92/09736 and/or WO 92/09736.
• said dosing and/or dispensing device adapted for pretreatment comprises a further opening which allows the filling of this device.
• said filling opening also allows the dispensing of the content into the wash liquid of the machine during the wash cycle.
• the filling opening is usually located on the top of said dosing and/or dispensing device when said device is in it? upright position.
• a partially or completely transparent hollow body (1 ) is a preferred option to allow the user to verify the quantity of the content and facilitate measuring and dosing with dosing and/or dispensing devices.
• said container may have an upper portion which is inclined in respect to the rest of said hollow body, i.e. said dispensing opening is not along the axis of said container. In this manner, the tilting angle necessary to dispense said contained product through said dispensing opening can be reduced.
• said hollow body may further comprise at least one dosing line on the external and/or internal surface of said hollow body (FIG. 4, 1 1 ).
• said container is made of a plastic material, such as, for example, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride.
• the container (10) may be adapted to contain liquid substances.
• said product is a liquid detergent.
• the liquid detergent may comprise any ingredients known in the art. Such ingredients may include surfactants, suds suppressors, bleaches, chelants, builders, enzymes, fillers and perfumes.
• An essential feature of the present invention is a ball (3). Said ball is located partially inside said hollow body (1 ) at the dispensing opening (2), i.e. said ball protrudes at last partially from said dispensing opening, i.e. said ball is located in the upper portion of said container. The dimensions of said ball and said dispensing opening are tuned to each other so that the ball is not normally able to escape through said dispensing opening to the exterior of said hollow body.
• the content of said container is spread by said ball, since said ball is always in communication with the content of said container (10). In use, part of the content gets in contact with said ball and is then applied onto a surface outside said container by rotation of said ball.
• Said ball (3) may be hollow or solid, and may have a generally smooth outer surface or may have an outer surface having some degree of roughness.
• Said ball may be made of an open or closed celled structure. Preferably, said ball is rigid.
• the use of a spherical ball permits an omnidirectional spreading, since a spherical ball will rotate in any direction with equal efficacy, if said spherical ball is not fixed in one axis.
• Other shapes of said ball may be utilized, such as, for example, cylindrical or ellipsoidal. But such shapes may present functional limitations in that balls of that shapes will only generally rotate about a single axis.
• the present invention uses spherical balls to allow an omnidirectional spreading.
• said ball may be preferably made of a material resistant to water temperatures up to 95 °C.
• plastic materials such as, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, or polyvinyl chloride.
• the ball (3) is manufactured separately from the hollow body (1 ). This ball can be then inserted through said dispensing opening into said flexible and resilient support means by simply pushing said ball through the lip (9) of said dispensing opening. This is possible, since said lip (9) of said dispensing opening is flexible enough to be at least slightly elastically deformed, since said lip, part of the hollow body or of the flexible and resilient support means, is preferably made of a plastic material.
• the container (10) can also comprise more than one ball (3), held separately in different dispensing openings (2) or in a common dispensing opening.
• the flexible and resilient support means (4) for said ball is another essential feature of the present invention.
• Said flexible and resilient support means urges said ball (3) against said dispensing opening (2), achieving a tight engagement between said ball and said dispensing opening.
• said flexible and resilient support means closes the dispensing opening with the cooperation of said ball and it is located in the upper portion of said container.
• said flexible and resilient support means presses said ball against the most external rim or lip (9) of said dispensing opening.
• substantially leak-tight means that said engagement between said ball and said dispensing opening is resistant to product flow when the only force exerting onto said product against said engagement is composed by the hydrostatic pressure. Therefore, it is possible to avoid substantial leakage or spillage during the periods of non-use of said container (10) without the cooperation of a cap.
• said lip (9) of said flexible and resilient support means (4) is flexible or deformable.
• the flexible or deformable lip is able to conform to and/or compensate for any imperfection in the shape of said ball, e.g. when said ball does not have a perfect spherical shape.
• said flexible or deformable lip may be made of a separate material attached to the perimeter of said dispensing opening.
• Said flexible or deformable lip of said flexible and resilient support means may also be made by co-injecting a flexible or deformable material, like rubber, forming said lip together with a more rigid material for the rest of said flexible and resilient support means.
• a flexible or deformable lip does not affect the strength and/or structure of said flexible and resilient support means.
• Said flexible and resilient support means (4) is able to be resiliently deformed by an external force acting on said ball (3). Accordingly, by pushing said ball to the inside of said container, said substantially leak-tight engagement between said ball and said dispe'nsing opening (2) is disengaged. Consequently, said ball is free to rotate and able to spread the content, since the free passage between said lip (9) and said ball connects the content with the protruding part of said ball.
• the free passage between said lip (9) and said ball is hereinafter called "product flow passage".
• the substantially leak-tight engagement is immediately and automatically re ⁇ established once the external force stops to push said ball to the inside of said container. Consequently, the product flow passage is closed interrupting the product flow from inside said container.
• Said ball urged against said dispensing opening achieves an engagement which makes said container substantially leak-tight when not in use.
• the flexible and resilient support means (4) allows to adapt the flow of product from the interior of said container. Indeed, the dimension of the passage between said lip (9) and said ball (3) can be adjusted by the user by varying the external force exerted on said ball. Consequently, the amount of the product flow from the inside of said container can be controlled by varying the dimension of said passage. Specifically, a greater product flow can be achieved by pressing said ball further inside said container. Furthermore, said flexible and resilient support means in combination with a flexible container further allows to dispense or pour directly the product onto a surface by pressing onto said ball and squeezing said flexible container.
• FIG. 1 a shows an embodiment according to the present invention.
• Said flexible and resilient support means (4) comprises a spring (5) located under said ball (3).
• Said spring presses said ball (3) against said dispensing opening (2) to achieve said substantially leak-tight engagement during the periods of non-use of said container.
• By exerting a force F on said ball towards the inside of said container said spring resiliently deforms and the desired product flow passage is created, as shown in Figure 1b.
• Said spring may be separately attached or an integral part of said hollow body (1 ).
• said spring may be made of any possible material, such as, for example, metal or plastic.
• Said spring may have any possible shape, such as, for example, helical or cylindrical.
• said flexible and resilient support means comprises in the region opposite said dispensing opening at least a resiliently deformable arm (6) urging said ball against said dispensing opening (2) to achieve said leak-tight engagement.
• Said arm (6) may be bent at an angle ⁇ (Fig. 2a) to achieve said resilient deformability.
• ⁇ is between 0° deg and 90° deg.
• said flexible and resilient support means comprises a housing (4a) which fits the container and defines said dispensing opening at one extremity, as illustrated in Figure 2b. The fitment of said housing to said container has to be leak-tight, but said fitment may be threaded or snapped to said container.
• said flexible and resilient support means (4) may be made of a rigid or flexible housing, said housing supporting said spring (5) or said flexible arm (6) and may be inserted into said dispensing opening (2).
• said flexible and resilient support means (4) may comprise more than one said resiliently deformable arm (6) as in Figure 2b. And as a most preferred embodiment according to the present invention all of said arms are connected together at a ring of contact or single point of contact (FIG. 2b, 7) with said ball.
• said single point of contact (7) with said ball is at the point of the ball which is most opposite to said dispensing opening (2).
• said flexible and resilient support means (4) may comprise, in its region opposite said dispensing opening (2), an interrupted rim (Fig. 3, 8) against which the ball (3) is urged when an external force is applied.
• said interrupted rim prevents that said ball from being pushed further inside said container.
• said rim is interrupted, i.e. said rim has at least one permanently open passage for the content, the passage for the product flow is guaranteed. Therefore, said interrupted rim defines the maximum product flow passage allowed by said flexible and resilient support means.
• said interrupted rim impedes that said ball from being pushed further inwards with the risk to break said spring of said flexible and resilient support means.
• Said flexible and resilient support means (4) may be an integral part to or separated part to said container (10).
• Said flexible and resilient support means may be made of injection resins (like, for example, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, polyoxymethylene) or elastomeric polymers like thermoplastic elastomers (for example, polyurethane rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene- butadiene rubber) or a combination thereof.
• two or more stage injection of materials may be used to achieve a flexible and resilient support means having, for example, an elastic spring combined with a rigid attachment feature.
• Said cap (20) is another essential feature of the present invention.
• Figure 4a illustrates said cap engaged on said container (10).
• Said cap comprises a top wall (21 ) and a skirt (22) substantially perpendicular to said top wall.
• the engagement means (30) which allows said cap to be engaged to said container are part of said skirt.
• Said container comprises the flexible and resilient support means (4) described above in Figure 2b. Nevertheless, other flexible and resilient support means (4) as described above, for example in Figures 1a and 2b, are also possible.
• Said cap protects said ball against damages when said ball is not in use. Once completely engaged said cap stays in a rest position in which the surface of said cap facing said ball (hereinafter called “underside" of the cap) nowhere touches said ball.
• Said ball may be further pressed upwards by the pressure built up inside said container until said ball meets and eventually presses onto the underside of said cap. Therefore, said cap may be also helpful to prevent that the pressure built up inside said container ejects said ball outwards from said container.
• said cap presses onto said ball creating a free passage between said ball and said dispensing opening (as shown in Figure 1 b) only when said cap is engaged or disengaged from said container. Saying that said cap is engaged or disengaged means that said cap is moved towards, or away from said rest position.
• said free passage is available when said cap presses onto said ball. This happens when said cap is engaged or disengaged from said container. This means that during this operation said container is held in its upright position and the head space is located in the upper portion of said container over the level of product contained in said container.
• the "head space” is the volume of gas remaining in said container after the filling between the highest level of said product and the lip (9) of said dispensing opening (2). Consequently, the gases of said head space escape through said free passage without expelling also product. Therefore, said container is vented without creating messiness and waste.
• the availability of said free passage is limited over a relatively small period of time. Indeed, this availability is limited to the time necessary to engage or disengage said cap (20) from said container (10). But we found that this period of time is sufficient to release at least a part of the pressure build up inside said container decreasing substantially the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of said container. We further found that the amount of pressure decrease obtained in this manner is sufficient to avoid that product located around said ball is expelled in an uncontrolled manner together with the pressure release. Therefore, messiness and waste of expelled product is substantially avoided.
• the overpressure existing inside said container is defined as being the difference between the pressure inside said container and the pressure outside said container.
• the decrease of overpressure achieved when said cap is engaged or disengaged from said container and creates said free passage is at least about 10%, more preferably at least about 50%, most preferably at least about 90%. Specifically, we found that when the pressure built up inside said container is about 250 mbar, it is needed to get this pressure below about 50 mbar to avoid substantial dispensing negatives. Dispensing negatives are principally messiness and waste created when the gas inside said container is expelled during dispensing of the product, like a burp as described above.
• Figure 4a illustrates said cap (20) in the rest position. Said cap nowhere touches said ball (3). Specifically, a gap (24) divides the outer surface of said ball from the inner surface (31 ) of said cap. Therefore, said ball urged against said dispensing opening (2) closes said dispensing opening in a gas-tight manner.
• gas-tightness means that no gases are able to pass through the engagement between the inside and the outside of the container. Alternatively, “gas-tightness” may also mean that the rate of pressure which may be released to the outside of the container through this engagement (hereinafter called “pressure release rate”) is smaller than the rate of pressure produced inside said container.
• Figure 4b shows in an enlarged view the moment in which said cap depresses said ball during disengagement of said cap from said container. The same happens in the reversed situation when said cap is engaged onto said container. This allows a greater flow of gases to pass through said free passage (23) to the outside of said container, as depicted by the arrows, during cap removal.
• said cap (20) depresses said ball (3) when said cap is engaged or disengaged from said container (10).
• a way to achieve this is to provide an engagement means (30) between said cap and said container which guides said top wall of said cap towards said ball to press onto said ball whenever said cap is engaged or disengaged.
• said engagement means comprising inclined screw threads (Fig. 4c, 30).
• the threads on the skirt (22) of said cap concur with other threads located on the outer surface of said hollow body (1 ) under the opening (2).
• the threads on the outer surface of said hollow body can be inclined in such a manner to bring said top wall of said cap in contact with said ball pressing onto said bail.
• Said threads may be part of the outer surface of said container or part of the outer surface of said flexible and resilient support means (4).
• Said thread comprises two ribs (32, 32') delimiting in their middle a channel (33).
• Said channel is dimensioned to fully accommodate the corresponding thread on said cap.
• Said channel is open at one end (33a) and closed at the opposite end by a wall (34).
• said wall (34) connects said two ribs (32, 32') together.
• the thread of said cap has to enter the channel from its open end.
• the open end of said channel (33) is in a lower position in respect to the closed end when said container stands on its upright position. This means that said cap has to be pressed down until its threads are able to enter into said channel.
• the rib (32) above said channel (33) nearest to said opening (2) further comprises an inclined portion (35).
• the inclination of said inclined portion is directed towards said opening (2), as illustrated in Figure 4d.
• said inclined portion (35) guides the thread of said cap (20) back into said channel when reclosing said container. Consequently, it is easy to use rotational movement to engage said cap (20) with said engagement means (30) without having to push down said cap.
• the rib (32') under said channel (33) further away from said opening may further comprise a second inclined portion (36). Again, the inclination of said second inclined portion is also directed towards said opening (2), as illustrated in Figure 4d.
• This second inclined portion (36) facilitates especially the disengagement from said channel (33) of the threads of said cap. Indeed, said inclined portion (36) forces said cap upwards helping in lifting up said cap when disengaging said cap from said container.
• the plane (P, Fig. 2b) is the plane tangent to the highest point of said ball when said container stands in its upright position. Furthermore, d t is the distance between said thread of said cap and said top wall (Fig. 2b, 31 ) on the underside of said cap, and d c is the distance between said open end (Fig. 4c, 33a) and said plane (P). Consequently, when the distance d t is smaller than the distance d c ensures that said top wall presses onto said ball when the thread of said cap enters into said open end of said channel.
• the difference ⁇ (d c - d t ) can be less or equal to the maximum displacement of said ball inside said container allowed by said flexible and resilient support means.
• Said cap (20) comprising child resistant features is another possibility to achieve a free passage (23) when said cap is engaged and/or disengaged from said container.
• An example is shown in Figure 6.
• the thread (41 ) of said cap has to be pushed down first into said channel (33) from the space (42) to get said thread (41 ) of said cap to the open end (33a), and to separate said cap from said engagement with said container.
• said thread (41 ) of said cap is turned without being pushed down, said thread (41 ) is impeded to further turn by the wall (43).
• a "gas-tight cap” is intended to be a cap which substantially prevents any venting of gases to the outside of said container.
• said cap (20) is not gas-tight, the gases passing through said free passage are directly vented to the external atmosphere, e.g. through the area of the screw threads.
• said cap may be provided with at least one orifice. Said orifice is a hole made through the thickness of said cap. The situation is different when said cap (20) closes said container (10) in a gas-tight manner. In this case, possible escape ways for the gases coming through said free passage (23) have to be foreseen.
• said gas-tight cap may be useful when said engagement between said ball (3) and said opening (2) allows a small pressure release rate. Indeed, we found that the gases which pass through the engagement between said ball and said opening may also force outwards a certain quantity of the contained liquid product. Therefore said gas-tight cap avoids messiness and waste.
• FIG. 4b, A A free volumes
• FIG. 4b, A A free volumes
• FIG. 4b, A gases in volumes
• FIG. 4b, A Another gas-tight cap (20') is shown, for example, in Figures 5a and 5b.
• said cap (20') further comprises a sealing ring (25).
• Said sealing ring is a continuous wall extending from the inner surface of said top wall (21 ) and being substantially parallel to said skirt (22).
• Said sealing ring completely surrounds the outer surface of said hollow body (1 ) in the upper portion of said container.
• said sealing ring surrounds the outer surface of said hollow body right under said lip (9). More preferably, said sealing ring surrounds the outer surface of said housing (4a) right under said lip (9).
• Said sealing ring achieves a leak tight connection with the outer surface of said hollow body when said cap is in said rest position. As described above, said cap moves downward pressing on said ball when said is disengaged. In this manner, said sealing ring may by pushed down onto a location of said outer surface of said hollow body where said sealing ring does not achieve a gas-tight engagement anymore. Consequently, said gases venting through said free passage (23) may eventually escape to the exterior of said container. This venting may be facilitated with at least an orifice located below said sealing ring when said container stands on its upright position.
• the upper portion of said container further comprises at least a recess (27).
• Said recess is located on the outer surface of said hollow body (1 ) under said sealing ring (25) of said cap (20') when said cap closes said container in its rest position.
• Said recess may be a continuous channel all around said outer surface of said hollow body. It is also feasible to have more than one recess around said outer surface of said hollow body separated from each other. Preferably, all recesses are located on the same height.
• Said recess may be formed by reducing the thickness between the inner and the outer surface of said hollow body. Alternatively, said recess may be a concave bent portion of the wall of said hollow body when seen from the exterior of said container.
• Said recess (27) allows the gases escaping from the interior of said container to vent to the outside of said container. Indeed, when said cap (20') is disengaged from said container, said sealing ring is pushed downwards towards said recess. And once onto said recess, said sealing ring does no longer ensure a gas-tight engagement with the upper portion of said container, i.e. there is a gap of free space between said recess and said sealing ring. Consequently, the gases passing through said free passage (23) when said ball is pressed down by said cap escape through this gap between said recess and said sealing ring to the outside of said container. The same happens when said cap is engaged onto said container.
• FIG. 5b Another possible embodiment which achieves the same venting mechanism as described in Figure 5a is illustrated in Figure 5b.
• said recess (27) is substituted by at least a protrusion (28).
• said protrusion (28) is located on the outer surface of said hollow body (1 ) under said sealing ring (25) of said cap (20') when said cap closes said container in its rest position.
• all protrusions are located on the same height.
• Said protrusions are not connected to each other. Otherwise no passage for the venting of gases would be available.
• Said protrusion may be formed by increasing the thickness between the inner and the outer surface of said hollow body.
• said protrusion may be a convex bent portion of the wall of said hollow body when seen from the exterior of said container.
• said protrusion (28) allows the gases escaping from the interior of said container to vent to the outside of said container. Indeed, when said cap (20') is disengaged from said container, said sealing ring is pushed downwards towards said protrusion. And once onto said protrusion, said sealing ring does no longer ensure a gas-tight engagement with the upper portion of said container, i.e. there is a gap of free space between said sealing ring and immediately around said protrusion. Indeed, said sealing ring is at least partially elevated by said protrusion, as depicted in Figure 5c.
• said sealing ring When more than one of said protrusions are present said sealing ring may be completely elevated, whereby the gases escaping from the inside of said container vent through the free space between said separated protrusions. Consequently, the gases passing through said free passage (23) when said ball is pressed down by said cap escape through this free space between said protrusion and said sealing ring to the outside of said container. The same happens when said cap is engaged onto said container.

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• 1995
  • 1995-06-20 MX MX9709111A patent/MX9709111A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1995-06-20 CA CA002221964A patent/CA2221964A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1995-06-20 BR BR9510611A patent/BR9510611A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1995-06-20 AU AU28681/95A patent/AU2868195A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1995-06-20 EP EP95924006A patent/EP0828440A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1995-06-20 JP JP53562296A patent/JP2002514944A/ja active Pending
  • 1995-06-20 CZ CZ973675A patent/CZ367597A3/cs unknown
  • 1995-06-20 WO PCT/US1995/007825 patent/WO1996037126A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1995-06-20 CN CN95197915A patent/CN1191472A/zh active Pending
• 1996
  • 1996-05-17 TR TR96/00406A patent/TR199600406A1/xx unknown
• 1997
  • 1997-11-20 NO NO975335A patent/NO975335L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-11-21 FI FI974294A patent/FI974294A/fi unknown

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