EP0826934A1 - Verfahren zur Steuerung des Ladens und Entladens von elektrischen Speicherheizgeräten - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Steuerung des Ladens und Entladens von elektrischen Speicherheizgeräten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0826934A1
EP0826934A1 EP97450021A EP97450021A EP0826934A1 EP 0826934 A1 EP0826934 A1 EP 0826934A1 EP 97450021 A EP97450021 A EP 97450021A EP 97450021 A EP97450021 A EP 97450021A EP 0826934 A1 EP0826934 A1 EP 0826934A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
turbines
core
threshold
speed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97450021A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0826934B1 (de
Inventor
Cécilio Arribas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Muller et Cie SA
Original Assignee
Muller et Cie SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Muller et Cie SA filed Critical Muller et Cie SA
Publication of EP0826934A1 publication Critical patent/EP0826934A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0826934B1 publication Critical patent/EP0826934B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2064—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters
    • F24H9/2071—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F24H9/2078—Storage heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/16—Reducing cost using the price of energy, e.g. choosing or switching between different energy sources
    • F24H15/164—Reducing cost using the price of energy, e.g. choosing or switching between different energy sources where the price of the electric supply changes with time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/176—Improving or maintaining comfort of users
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/254—Room temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/345—Control of fans, e.g. on-off control
    • F24H15/35—Control of the speed of fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/395—Information to users, e.g. alarms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
    • F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
    • F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
    • F24H7/04—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid
    • F24H7/0408—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using electrical energy supply
    • F24H7/0416—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using electrical energy supply the transfer fluid being air

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electric heaters with accumulation, commonly referred to as “accumulators”, as well as similar heating systems and aims for better control as well phases of heat accumulation or charging of such devices as phases of restoring the stored heat.
  • This type of device briefly consists of a stack of bricks refractory, armored electrical resistances housed in the stack, air circulation channels through the stack and a turbine system forcing air taken outside into the channels and then rejecting it at the exterior and command / control means, on the one hand, of the resistors electrical and, on the other hand, turbines, depending on various parameters.
  • the load of the stacking of bricks or core is carried out at night during so-called off-peak or reduced tariff hours and the heat accumulated at night is returned during the day as needed of the room where the appliance is installed, these needs being displayed by the user from various systems such as room thermostat, control switch, regulator, etc.
  • An accumulator is generally charged according to the temperature outside the room to be heated.
  • the present invention specifically aims to provide a improved regulation allowing both better user comfort and more economical management of the energy consumed.
  • the relaunch possible charge of the nucleus during the restitution period is preferably carried out at one third or two thirds of the power of the device.
  • a micro-controller for a operation at reduced speed, is sent to the device a signal prohibiting the commissioning of the return turbines, unless the room temperature drops below a third threshold by relative to the set temperature, below the second threshold, the charge modes of the nucleus remaining unchanged.
  • this other variant is implemented using a multi-position switch: STOP-FREEZE-REDUCED-COMFORT, known type, with a single pilot wire connected to the micro-controller of the device, the REDUCED position having the effect of lowering the set values and therefore to introduce said third threshold below which the restitution of the nucleus will be ordered.
  • the term "device” means only one accumulator or several supplied in parallel, these being able to be themselves used concurrently or in relay with heaters other types, for example convectors, radiant panels, etc.
  • Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the principle of heat recovery stored in the core of an accumulator, according to the process of the invention.
  • the charge of the core takes place overnight during the pricing period reduced and the return of the stored heat takes place the following day during the normal pricing period known as peak hours following immediately said reduced pricing period, the cycle charge / return spanning 24 hours.
  • exceptionally restitution cycles may be required to maintain temperature ambient overnight.
  • a first temperature threshold T 1 will be defined, below the reference temperature Tc displayed by the user of the room where the accumulator is installed, for example on a room thermostat incorporated in the 'accumulator or fixed remotely (wall sensor).
  • the threshold T 1 is fixed relative to the setpoint Tc, which is for example 20 ° C. In the example illustrated in Figure 1, the threshold T 1 is 0.5 ° C below Tac.
  • the ambient temperature of the room to remain at inside the range 19 °, 5 C - 20 ° C by a specific regulation of the dynamic restitution, that is to say the control of the turbines of the accumulator.
  • Ta in FIG. 1 the curve of evolution of said ambient temperature is shown, which is going down.
  • the threshold T 1 it will trigger a process of putting the turbines into operation, for a period of time t, until the ambient temperature Ta 1 has reached the set temperature Tc ( point B).
  • the turbines are launched at their nominal speed v1 supplying the electric drive motor at nominal voltage of 230 volts.
  • v1 supplying the electric drive motor at nominal voltage of 230 volts.
  • the turbines are switched automatically on a speed v2 corresponding to an operation silent, the supply voltage to the turbine engines being 170 volts.
  • This speed regime is maintained for example for 5 minutes (t 1 ) and during this time, the ambient temperature, illustrated by the segment S1 in FIG. 2, increases and goes from level a to level b.
  • the turbines are switched to a higher speed v3 corresponding at a supply voltage of 190 volts and maintained at this speed during the time period t 2 , also fixed at 5 minutes.
  • the ambient temperature S2 changes from level b to level c.
  • the temperature rise is measured from the level a and if this rise, reduced to the sum t 1 and t 2 , is less than the above threshold, that is to say if the temperature rise is lower than 0.3 ° C reduced to 10 minutes, the turbines are switched to speed v4, intermediate between v1 and v3 and corresponding to a supply voltage of 210 volts and, for a period of time t 3 of 5 minutes.
  • the ambient temperature S3 goes from level c to level d.
  • the speed phase v3 is not engaged, but the speed phase v2 is continued during a new period t 1 .
  • the period t 3 will be extended once or even twice, under the same conditions as for t 1 and t 2 , until the ambient temperature has reached Tc.
  • the ambient temperature Ta 4 comes, for one reason or another and despite the start of the dynamic restitution regime in accordance with the invention, to drop to a threshold T 2 predetermined by relative to the set temperature Tc and below both the latter and the threshold T 1 , the core will be restarted.
  • This threshold T 2 is for example fixed at 2 ° C below Tc.
  • the revival of the core will be carried out according to the pricing, that is to say one third or two thirds of the power at full pricing and at full power with reduced pricing.
  • a third temperature threshold T 3 has also been shown, determined with respect to the setpoint Tc and below both the latter and the temperature (T 2 ) for reviving the core.
  • This threshold T 3 is for example fixed at 3 ° C below Tc. It is only used during a reduced pricing period, to commission the restitution turbines if the ambient temperature drops to the threshold T 3 .
  • This figure shows the rate diagram (in percentage of nominal load) core load as a function of time accumulated over 24 hours of turbine operation outside of reduced pricing periods.
  • the operating time is weighted turbines according to their rotation speed by assigning a coefficient at each speed (or motor supply voltage).
  • the partial durations, thus weighted (td, t 1 , t 2 , t 3 ) of all the periods (t, t ', t "), of the turbines operating are totaled and we determine an abacus (figure 3) corresponding to a given number of hours of operation of the turbines, a rate of charge of the core.
  • the rate is maximum, for example 100%, for a maximum cumulative duration of operation of the turbines (for example 11 hours ).
  • the temperature of this nucleus will be measured using a thermocouple at contact of the accumulator core and not as it is done usually in existing devices, using a measuring device placed against or in the thermal insulation which surrounds the core and which does not controls only an approximate "image" temperature.
  • FIG 4 is a diagram of an electric heating installation comprising an accumulator 10, a radiant panel 11, a convector 12, all connected by a single pilot wire 13 to a multi-position switch 14, for example of the type known commercially as "SESAME doorman".
  • the control button 15 of the switch allows a positioning in four positions, namely C (Comfort); R (Reduced); H-G (Frost protection) and A (Stop).
  • Control signals conveyed by the driver single 13 and addressed to the command microcontrollers integrated in the various devices 10, 11 and 12 are constituted, in the known manner, by: no signal (position C); alternating full alternating signal (position R) ; lower half-wave signal (position H-G) and half-wave signal upper (position A).
  • This device allows the user in particular to activate the night setpoint (threshold T 3 , Figure 1) by placing the button 15 in position R, which lowers the setpoint values of the accumulator 10, its operation remaining, as explained above, the same.
  • the switch 14 can be replaced by a programmer generator of orders conveyed by the pilot wire 13, so that, in particular the night setpoint is automatically put into service depending on the program displayed.
  • pilot wire 13 could be eliminated by using the supply wires of the turbine engines of the accumulator 10 according to the carrier current system, to convey the signals corresponding to positions C, R, H-G, A, by appropriately formatted messages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Optical Recording Or Reproduction (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
EP97450021A 1996-08-27 1997-08-27 Verfahren zur Steuerung des Ladens und Entladens von elektrischen Speicherheizgeräten Expired - Lifetime EP0826934B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9610655A FR2753037B1 (fr) 1996-08-27 1996-08-27 Procede de regulation de la charge et de la decharge d'appareils de chauffage electrique a accumulation
FR9610655 1996-08-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0826934A1 true EP0826934A1 (de) 1998-03-04
EP0826934B1 EP0826934B1 (de) 2001-10-31

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97450021A Expired - Lifetime EP0826934B1 (de) 1996-08-27 1997-08-27 Verfahren zur Steuerung des Ladens und Entladens von elektrischen Speicherheizgeräten

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0826934B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE208028T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69707794T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2166965T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2753037B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004022875A1 (de) * 2004-05-06 2005-12-01 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Heizgerät zur Regelung einer Temperatur
ES2316258B1 (es) * 2006-11-08 2010-01-08 Elnur, S.A. Un aparato que integra calefaccion electrica directa y por acumulacion y su metodo de control.

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2258073A1 (de) * 1974-01-15 1975-08-08 Danfoss As

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2258073A1 (de) * 1974-01-15 1975-08-08 Danfoss As

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69707794T2 (de) 2002-11-28
ATE208028T1 (de) 2001-11-15
FR2753037B1 (fr) 1998-12-04
ES2166965T3 (es) 2002-05-01
FR2753037A1 (fr) 1998-03-06
DE69707794D1 (de) 2001-12-06
EP0826934B1 (de) 2001-10-31

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