EP0822016A1 - Method for producing bimetallic material - Google Patents
Method for producing bimetallic material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0822016A1 EP0822016A1 EP97660073A EP97660073A EP0822016A1 EP 0822016 A1 EP0822016 A1 EP 0822016A1 EP 97660073 A EP97660073 A EP 97660073A EP 97660073 A EP97660073 A EP 97660073A EP 0822016 A1 EP0822016 A1 EP 0822016A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- extrusion
- bimetallic
- essentially
- extruded
- bimetallic material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/005—Continuous extrusion starting from solid state material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/22—Making metal-coated products; Making products from two or more metals
- B21C23/24—Covering indefinite lengths of metal or non-metal material with a metal coating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing bimetallic material in a continuous process, so that the number of working steps in the process can be essentially reduced.
- bimetallic material means a metal product formed of two metal components, where the components are either metals as such or metal alloys.
- the components are either metals as such or metal alloys.
- bimetallic materials let us point out for instance a metal product formed of copper and of columbic titanium filaments contained therein used as superconductor.
- a superconductor which is high in copper and low in columbic titanium can be produced for instance as a channel conductor, where the columbic titanium serving as the superconductor is joined to a groove in the copper profile by means of soldering.
- the insulation is generally carried out by means of an enamelling process. In enamelling, the processing temperature of the channel conductor rises above the soldering temperature, in which case the soldering joint breaks open and the conductor is destroyed.
- a superconductor which is high in copper and low in columbic titanium can also be produced as a monolithic conductor, where columbic titanium is first packed inside the copper, and the ready-made superconductor is obtained as a final product from a production line including several working steps and heat treatments. From the point of view of the outcome, the multi-step production process is necessary for the columbic titanium only; when produced like this, copper is part of the conductor and passes there along at all stages.
- a monolithic conductor is not so desirable as a channel conductor, but a monolithic conductor can be insulated in the enamelling process without damaging the conductor.
- the Conform method In continuous extrusion, there is often applied a method described in the GB patent 1,370,894, called the Conform method.
- the material to be extruded is conducted into a groove formed on the outer circumference of a wheel-like member. While the wheel turns around its axis, the material to be extruded enters into contact with a cooperating shoe structure essentially filling the groove, so that the motion of the material to be extruded is changed in relation to the wheel-like member.
- the material is rendered to be extruded in the proceeding direction thereof, prior to the shoe structure or through an extrusion aperture provided in the shoe.
- the object of the present invention is to eliminate some of the drawbacks of the prior art and to achieve an improved and more economical in costs method for producing bimetallic material in continuous extrusion.
- the essential novel features of the invention are apparent from the appended claims.
- the bimetallic material to be produced is extruded in a continuously operated extrusion machine, such as a Conform machine, so that the material flows in an essentially laminar fashion throughout the working process. Moreover, the bimetallic material is removed from the continuous extrusion machine essentially in the radial direction.
- a continuously operated extrusion machine such as a Conform machine
- the bimetallic material is removed from the continuous extrusion machine essentially in the radial direction.
- the bimetallic component with a larger volume is advantageously worked into a grooved profile, and the bimetallic component with a smaller volume is inserted in the groove of said profile.
- the obtained unit of bimetallic components to be extruded is fed onto the wheel-like feed member of a continuously operated extrusion machine, the outer circumference of said wheel being advantageously provided with a groove.
- the bimetallic material to be extruded is for instance a superconductor material that is high in copper and low in columbic titanium
- the mixing of the different bimetallic components must be prevented. Consequently, the bimetallic blank obtained from the feed member of a continuously operated extrusion machine is conducted into extrusion, so that the bimetallic material flows in an essentially laminar fashion throughout the extrusion process.
- the extruded bimetallic material can be removed from the extrusion machine in an essentially radial direction with respect to the wheel-like feeding device of the extrusion machine.
- the cooperating shoe structure essentially filling the groove of the feed member in a continuously operated extrusion machine, as well as the extrusion member containing the extrusion aperture, are advantageously designed so that there is obtained an essentially laminar flow of the material to be extruded for the duration of the whole extrusion process.
- the channel leading to the extrusion aperture provided in the extrusion member must, at least as for the first wall in the feeding direction of the material to be extruded, be designed so that the radius of curvature at the beginning of the channel wall is at least 70 percentages, advantageously 80 - 90 percentages, of the largest diameter of the extrusion aperture, when the aperture is for example oval-shaped, or of the diameter of the extrusion aperture, when the aperture is round.
- the cooperating shoe member essentially filling the groove of the feed member of the extrusion machine is designed so that the cooperating shoe forms an essentially concentric circular curve with the first wall in the feeding direction of the material of the channel leading to the extrusion aperture.
- the cooperating shoe can also be rendered in the desired shape so that the material to be extruded as such forms a non-flowing area in front of the cooperating shoe, and at the border surface of the non-flowing and flowing areas the non-flowing area forms, in the feeding direction of the material of the channel leading to the extrusion aperture, an essentially concentric circular curve with the first wall, advantageously for a section corresponding a central angle of 40 degrees at maximum, when starting from the changing point of the flow and seen in the feeding direction of the material.
- the bimetallic component with a smaller volume is located centrally as the desired core material, surrounded by a jacket made of the material with a larger volume.
- this kind of production of the bimetallic material is advantageously carried out in a one-step continuous process, while the extrusion ratio is such that the extrusion temperature is at least 600° C.
- the different components 1 and 2 of the desired bimetallic material are fed into the feeding device 4 of a continuously operated extrusion machine 3.
- the component 1 is formed as a grooved profile, and the component 2 is inserted in the groove thereof.
- the feeding device 4 is essentially wheel-like, and the components 1 and 2 are together fed into the groove provided on the outer circumference of the feeding device 4.
- the feeding device 4 transfers a bimetallic blank 5 containing the components 1 and 2 to the extrusion zone.
- a cooperating shoe member 6 filling the groove of the feeding device 4 guides the bimetallic blank to the extrusion aperture 7.
- the first wall 9 in the feeding direction of the extrusion member 8 is rounded, so that the radius of curvature of the wall 9 is 80 percentages of the diameter of the extrusion aperture 7.
- a non-flowing area 10 in front of the cooperating shoe 6 there is formed, of at least part of the material to be extruded, a non-flowing area 10, the border surface 11 with the flowing material whereof forms an essentially concentric circular curve with the wall 9 for the section that corresponds to a central angle a of about 35 degrees, when starting from the point of change of the flow and seen in the feeding direction of the material.
- the border surface 11 extends from the groove on the outer circumference of the feeding device 4 to the wall 12 of the extrusion machine.
- the extruded, ready-made bimetallic material is discharged from the continuously operated extrusion machine 3 in an essentially radial direction with respect to the wheel of the feeding device 4.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing bimetallic material in a continuously
operated extrusion machine (3), in which method the bimetallic components
(1, 2) are fed together into the extrusion zone. According to the invention, the
bimetallic material (1, 2) to be extruded is made to flow in an essentially laminar
fashion throughout the extrusion, and the bimetallic material (1, 2) is made to be
discharged from the extrusion machine (3) in an essentially radial direction with
respect to the outer circumference of the feeding device (4) of the extrusion
machine.
Description
The present invention relates to a method for producing bimetallic material in a
continuous process, so that the number of working steps in the process can be
essentially reduced.
In this connection, bimetallic material means a metal product formed of two metal
components, where the components are either metals as such or metal alloys.
Among such bimetallic materials, let us point out for instance a metal product
formed of copper and of columbic titanium filaments contained therein used as
superconductor.
A superconductor which is high in copper and low in columbic titanium can be
produced for instance as a channel conductor, where the columbic titanium
serving as the superconductor is joined to a groove in the copper profile by means
of soldering. When this type of channel conductor is wished to be insulated, the
insulation is generally carried out by means of an enamelling process. In enamelling,
the processing temperature of the channel conductor rises above the
soldering temperature, in which case the soldering joint breaks open and the
conductor is destroyed.
A superconductor which is high in copper and low in columbic titanium can also
be produced as a monolithic conductor, where columbic titanium is first packed
inside the copper, and the ready-made superconductor is obtained as a final
product from a production line including several working steps and heat treatments.
From the point of view of the outcome, the multi-step production process
is necessary for the columbic titanium only; when produced like this, copper is part
of the conductor and passes there along at all stages.
As for the production costs and unit length, a monolithic conductor is not so
desirable as a channel conductor, but a monolithic conductor can be insulated in
the enamelling process without damaging the conductor.
In continuous extrusion, there is often applied a method described in the GB
patent 1,370,894, called the Conform method. In this method the material to be
extruded is conducted into a groove formed on the outer circumference of a
wheel-like member. While the wheel turns around its axis, the material to be
extruded enters into contact with a cooperating shoe structure essentially filling
the groove, so that the motion of the material to be extruded is changed in relation
to the wheel-like member. Thus the material is rendered to be extruded in the
proceeding direction thereof, prior to the shoe structure or through an extrusion
aperture provided in the shoe. By means of the Conform method, there can
advantageously be extruded essentially long pieces with different shapes in cross-section.
The object of the present invention is to eliminate some of the drawbacks of the
prior art and to achieve an improved and more economical in costs method for
producing bimetallic material in continuous extrusion. The essential novel features
of the invention are apparent from the appended claims.
According to the invention, the bimetallic material to be produced is extruded in a
continuously operated extrusion machine, such as a Conform machine, so that
the material flows in an essentially laminar fashion throughout the working
process. Moreover, the bimetallic material is removed from the continuous
extrusion machine essentially in the radial direction. Thus for instance for a
bimetallic material that is high in copper and low in columbic titanium, there is
advantageously obtained the length of the state-of-the-art channel conductor and
the insulation capacity of the monolithic conductor.
In order to feed bimetallic material to be extruded into a continuously operated
extrusion machine, the bimetallic component with a larger volume is advantageously
worked into a grooved profile, and the bimetallic component with a
smaller volume is inserted in the groove of said profile. The obtained unit of
bimetallic components to be extruded is fed onto the wheel-like feed member of
a continuously operated extrusion machine, the outer circumference of said wheel
being advantageously provided with a groove.
When the bimetallic material to be extruded is for instance a superconductor
material that is high in copper and low in columbic titanium, the mixing of the
different bimetallic components must be prevented. Consequently, the bimetallic
blank obtained from the feed member of a continuously operated extrusion
machine is conducted into extrusion, so that the bimetallic material flows in an
essentially laminar fashion throughout the extrusion process. Moreover, because
the components of the bimetallic material are in mutual contact already at the
feeding stage, the extruded bimetallic material can be removed from the extrusion
machine in an essentially radial direction with respect to the wheel-like feeding
device of the extrusion machine.
According to the invention, the cooperating shoe structure essentially filling the
groove of the feed member in a continuously operated extrusion machine, as well
as the extrusion member containing the extrusion aperture, are advantageously
designed so that there is obtained an essentially laminar flow of the material to be
extruded for the duration of the whole extrusion process. In order to create the
laminar flow, the channel leading to the extrusion aperture provided in the
extrusion member must, at least as for the first wall in the feeding direction of the
material to be extruded, be designed so that the radius of curvature at the
beginning of the channel wall is at least 70 percentages, advantageously 80 - 90
percentages, of the largest diameter of the extrusion aperture, when the aperture
is for example oval-shaped, or of the diameter of the extrusion aperture, when the
aperture is round. Moreover, the cooperating shoe member essentially filling the
groove of the feed member of the extrusion machine is designed so that the
cooperating shoe forms an essentially concentric circular curve with the first wall
in the feeding direction of the material of the channel leading to the extrusion
aperture. The cooperating shoe can also be rendered in the desired shape so that
the material to be extruded as such forms a non-flowing area in front of the
cooperating shoe, and at the border surface of the non-flowing and flowing areas
the non-flowing area forms, in the feeding direction of the material of the channel
leading to the extrusion aperture, an essentially concentric circular curve with the
first wall, advantageously for a section corresponding a central angle of 40
degrees at maximum, when starting from the changing point of the flow and seen
in the feeding direction of the material.
When applying the method according to the invention for producing bimetallic
material, the bimetallic component with a smaller volume is located centrally as
the desired core material, surrounded by a jacket made of the material with a
larger volume. In the method according to the invention, this kind of production of
the bimetallic material is advantageously carried out in a one-step continuous
process, while the extrusion ratio is such that the extrusion temperature is at least
600° C.
The invention is explained in more detail below, with reference to the appended
drawing illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention.
According to the figure, the different components 1 and 2 of the desired bimetallic
material are fed into the feeding device 4 of a continuously operated extrusion
machine 3. The component 1 is formed as a grooved profile, and the component
2 is inserted in the groove thereof. The feeding device 4 is essentially wheel-like,
and the components 1 and 2 are together fed into the groove provided on the
outer circumference of the feeding device 4. The feeding device 4 transfers a
bimetallic blank 5 containing the components 1 and 2 to the extrusion zone. In the
extrusion zone, a cooperating shoe member 6 filling the groove of the feeding
device 4 guides the bimetallic blank to the extrusion aperture 7. In order to make
the bimetallic blank 5 to proceed in a laminar fashion in the different steps of the
extrusion, the first wall 9 in the feeding direction of the extrusion member 8 is
rounded, so that the radius of curvature of the wall 9 is 80 percentages of the
diameter of the extrusion aperture 7. Likewise, in order to make the bimetallic
material to proceed in a laminar fashion, in front of the cooperating shoe 6 there
is formed, of at least part of the material to be extruded, a non-flowing area 10,
the border surface 11 with the flowing material whereof forms an essentially
concentric circular curve with the wall 9 for the section that corresponds to a
central angle a of about 35 degrees, when starting from the point of change of the
flow and seen in the feeding direction of the material. Advantageously the border
surface 11 extends from the groove on the outer circumference of the feeding
device 4 to the wall 12 of the extrusion machine. The extruded, ready-made
bimetallic material is discharged from the continuously operated extrusion machine
3 in an essentially radial direction with respect to the wheel of the feeding
device 4.
Claims (6)
- A method for producing bimetallic material in a continuously operated extrusion machine (3), in which method the bimetallic components (1, 2) are fed together into the extrusion zone, characterized in that the bimetallic material (1, 2) to be extruded is made to flow in an essentially laminar fashion throughout the extrusion, and that the bimetallic material (1, 2) is made to discharge from the extrusion machine (3) in an essentially radial direction with respect to the outer circumference of the feeding device (4) of the extrusion machine.
- A method according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to achieve an essentially laminar flow, as the counter surface (11) for the cooperating shoe (6) of the extrusion machine there is formed, together with the wall (9) which is essentially first in the feeding direction of the extrusion member, an essentially concentric circular curve extending advantageously for a section corresponding to a central angle (α) of 40 degrees at maximum, when starting from the point of change of the flow and seen in the feeding direction of the components (1, 2).
- A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the counter surface of the cooperating shoe (6) is formed of at least part of the material to be extruded.
- A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first wall (9) in the feeding direction of the extrusion member (8) is rounded so that the radius of curvature of the wall (9) is at least 70 percentages, advantageously 80 - 90 percentages of the largest diameter of the extrusion aperture (7).
- A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extrusion is carried out in one step.
- A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the extrusion temperature is at least 600° C.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI962628A FI101457B (en) | 1996-06-26 | 1996-06-26 | Methods of making a bimetallic material |
| FI962628 | 1996-06-26 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0822016A1 true EP0822016A1 (en) | 1998-02-04 |
| EP0822016B1 EP0822016B1 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
Family
ID=8546282
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19970660073 Expired - Lifetime EP0822016B1 (en) | 1996-06-26 | 1997-06-24 | Method for producing bimetallic material |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0822016B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69715332T2 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI101457B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001026835A1 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2001-04-19 | Bwe Limited | Copper tubing |
| US6619093B2 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2003-09-16 | Bwe Limited | Continuous extrusion apparatus |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5542139A (en) * | 1978-09-19 | 1980-03-25 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Production of composite deformed bar |
| US4214469A (en) * | 1977-05-05 | 1980-07-29 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Process and device for the production of a composite section |
| JPS5641015A (en) * | 1979-09-12 | 1981-04-17 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Manufacture of composite rod |
-
1996
- 1996-06-26 FI FI962628A patent/FI101457B/en active
-
1997
- 1997-06-24 DE DE1997615332 patent/DE69715332T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-06-24 EP EP19970660073 patent/EP0822016B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4214469A (en) * | 1977-05-05 | 1980-07-29 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Process and device for the production of a composite section |
| JPS5542139A (en) * | 1978-09-19 | 1980-03-25 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Production of composite deformed bar |
| JPS5641015A (en) * | 1979-09-12 | 1981-04-17 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Manufacture of composite rod |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 004, no. 084 (M - 016) 17 June 1980 (1980-06-17) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 005, no. 093 (M - 074) 17 June 1981 (1981-06-17) * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001026835A1 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2001-04-19 | Bwe Limited | Copper tubing |
| US6619093B2 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2003-09-16 | Bwe Limited | Continuous extrusion apparatus |
| US6655415B2 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2003-12-02 | Bwe Limited | Copper tubing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69715332D1 (en) | 2002-10-17 |
| FI101457B1 (en) | 1998-06-30 |
| FI101457B (en) | 1998-06-30 |
| FI962628A (en) | 1997-12-27 |
| FI962628A0 (en) | 1996-06-26 |
| DE69715332T2 (en) | 2003-05-22 |
| EP0822016B1 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4779440A (en) | Extrusion tool for producing hard-metal or ceramic drill blank | |
| US4277968A (en) | Forming of materials by extrusion | |
| US4242368A (en) | Method for the manufacture of a composite metal wire | |
| GB2285403A (en) | Method and apparatus for extruding a billet of a light metal alloy | |
| EP0822016A1 (en) | Method for producing bimetallic material | |
| US4217852A (en) | Apparatus for the manufacture of a composite metal wire | |
| US4489588A (en) | Apparatus for manufacturing screw workpieces of a tube semi-product | |
| US3439381A (en) | Spinneret | |
| US4505878A (en) | Process for extrusion of copper | |
| US3702497A (en) | Manufacture of clad metals | |
| EP0148514B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for cold drawing and imparting curvature to metal tubes | |
| GB2326121A (en) | Improved continuous rotary extrusion machine | |
| GB1584131A (en) | Method and apparatus for the manufacture of a composite metal wire | |
| USRE32399E (en) | Method for the manufacture of a composite metal wire | |
| US4333419A (en) | Methods and device for cladding elongated objects such as wires and the like with powdered material | |
| JPS62107908A (en) | Drill intermediate product made of hard metal or ceramic andmanufacture thereof and extrusion press tool | |
| Symmons et al. | Plasto-hydrodynamic, dieless wire drawing: theoretical treatment and experimental results | |
| RU2106217C1 (en) | Method of rotation drawing of hollow axisymmetric parts | |
| JPH0556205B2 (en) | ||
| JP2828108B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for extruding sintering material having spiral holes | |
| RU2092259C1 (en) | Die for extruding articles (its variants) | |
| USRE32385E (en) | Apparatus for the manufacture of a composite metal wire | |
| SU1271609A1 (en) | Drawing die | |
| SU1219209A1 (en) | Method of producing tapering articles by multistage forming | |
| US5996393A (en) | Extrusion die for tungsten alloys |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;RO;SI |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19980709 |
|
| AKX | Designation fees paid |
Free format text: CH DE FR GB IT LI |
|
| RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20000504 |
|
| GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
| GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
| GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
| GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69715332 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20021017 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: KATZAROV S.A. |
|
| ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20030612 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20080516 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20080523 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20080528 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20080521 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20080513 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20090624 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20100226 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090630 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090630 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090630 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090624 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100101 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090624 |