EP0821108A1 - Ensemble d'un couvercle et d'un cadre - Google Patents

Ensemble d'un couvercle et d'un cadre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0821108A1
EP0821108A1 EP97305553A EP97305553A EP0821108A1 EP 0821108 A1 EP0821108 A1 EP 0821108A1 EP 97305553 A EP97305553 A EP 97305553A EP 97305553 A EP97305553 A EP 97305553A EP 0821108 A1 EP0821108 A1 EP 0821108A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cover
frame
engagement
parts
assembly according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97305553A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0821108B1 (fr
Inventor
Keith Thompson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GLYNWED FOUNDRY PRODUCTS Ltd
Original Assignee
GLYNWED FOUNDRY PRODUCTS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GLYNWED FOUNDRY PRODUCTS Ltd filed Critical GLYNWED FOUNDRY PRODUCTS Ltd
Publication of EP0821108A1 publication Critical patent/EP0821108A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0821108B1 publication Critical patent/EP0821108B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a cover and frame assembly (hereinafter referred to as being of the kind specified) comprising a frame adapted to be received in the ground above an opening such as a manhole, ventilation shaft, sewer opening or the like, and a cover engageable with the frame to selectively prevent or allow access to the opening, the cover and frame being generally horizontally orientated when the frame is received in the ground.
  • the cover may have openings therein to allow water to drain into the opening below, as with a sewer grating, or it may be generally sealed such that drainage is prevented, as may be the case with a manhole or other access cover.
  • a cover which comprises two generally triangular parts releasably secured together in a manner in which limited articulative movement between the two parts is facilitated since this reduces the cover's tendency to rock in the frame when a load is applied to the cover from above.
  • two generally triangular parts six seating areas may be provided (three on each part) by which the cover rests in the frame. It will be appreciated that depending on whether the cover is generally square or rectangular, isosceles or non-isosceles triangular parts may be utilised.
  • a cover and frame assembly of the kind specified comprising a one piece cover, in which the frame is provided with ramp means to enable the cover, on being lifted from the opening on one side, to be slid over the opening for removal therefrom.
  • the cover comprises two parts releasably secured together in a manner in which limited articulative movement between the two parts is facilitated.
  • a cover and frame assembly of the kind specified comprising at least two parts secured together and being movable from a first, closed position, in which it extends over the opening, to a second, open position, in which at least part of the opening is uncovered, means being provided, on lifting one side of the cover from the opening, to permit each of the cover parts to be slid over the opening.
  • sliding it will be understood that movement of the cover from the first towards the second position comprises translational movement generally in the plane of the cover, and thus generally parallel to the ground.
  • the frame comprises ramp means at at least one corner thereof, conveniently at each corner thereof, and preferably each cover part comprises means to engage the ramp means to enable the rear of the cover (i.e. the side opposite to that which is lifted) to rise partially out of the opening as the lifted side is drawn, conveniently rectilinearly, away from the opening.
  • the means on each cover part to engage the ramp means comprises an engagement formation at each corner thereof. In this manner, when one side of the cover is lifted, an engagement formation is present to engage with the ramp means at each corner of the rear of the cover.
  • each cover part most distant from the other cover part comprise two engagement portions
  • the engagement formations at the other two corners (in the preferred triangular cover part arrangement) comprise one engagement portion.
  • two engagement portions are provided at each corner of the cover.
  • each pair of engagement portions at each corner is arranged to facilitate movement of the rear of the cover, as the opposite side is lifted and drawn away from the opening.
  • the cover may be generally rectangular in plan view, and preferably is generally square.
  • the cover preferably comprises similar parts, and whilst each part may have non-hypotenuse sides of equal length, the two non-hypotenuse sides are preferably of unequal length.
  • a generally rectangular, conveniently square, cover is provided, with a split line corresponding generally, but not exactly, to a diagonal thereof.
  • angle of displacement of the split line from a true diagonal across the cover is between 5 and 15 degrees and conveniently is about 10 degrees.
  • the two parts may be connected together in any convenient manner but conveniently, they are provided with retaining formations adjacent the hypotenuse sides thereof, through which may pass a securing member, the securing member being retained in an operative position, in which transverse separative movement of the two parts is prevented, by gravity. Further details of such an arrangement may be found in our co-pending U.K. patent application No. 9607904.1.
  • diagonally opposite pairs of engagement portions are similar or identical, whilst non-diagonally opposite pairs of engagement portions differ from one another in construction and configuration.
  • the cover when the cover comprises two triangular cover parts, the cover as a whole comprises eight engagement portions on the underside thereof, four of these, being located at diagonally opposite corners of the cover corresponding to the split line, being provided by two pairs of engagement portions, one engagement portion of each pair being associated with one cover part, the other of each pair being associated with the other cover part.
  • each receiving formation adjacent to the split line may comprise two unequal engagement portions.
  • each pair of engagement portions provides, when the cover is in position on the frame, means to reduce or prevent rocking movement of the cover.
  • the ramp means may be integral with locating formations provided on the frame.
  • each corner of the frame there is provided one locating formation at or near each corner of the frame, and in a preferred arrangement, there may be provided four locating formations on the frame, each having ramp means associated therewith.
  • diagonally opposed locating formations are similarly configured, such that in a generally rectangular cover and frame arrangement, two pairs of similar or identical locating formations are provided.
  • locating formations of a first pair are generally of inverted "V" shape, as disclosed in GB1588634, the apexes thereof lying on or close to a respective cover and frame diagonal, sloped sides thereof providing the ramp means at the respective corners.
  • a second pair of locating formations may be of similar configuration, but having the apex of each inverted "V" flattened to a generally planar configuration, such a flattened apex being henceforth referred to as the top portion.
  • the first pair of engagement formations are provided at corners of the cover remote from the diagonal corresponding to the joint line.
  • the second pair of engagement formations conveniently are provided at corners of the cover which are adjacent to or near the joint line.
  • each one of the second pair of engagement formations may comprise two engagement portions, one associated or integral with each respective part of the cover, each engagement portion projecting downwardly from the underside of each respective part of the cover, each portion thus providing a point of suspension for the cover relative to the frame.
  • limited separative, conveniently articulative movement may occur between the parts of the cover, and accordingly, such movement may also be permitted between the engagement portions adjacent to the joint line.
  • engagement portions each conveniently have an abutment surface at a lower end thereof, which in use abuts or lies closely adjacent to sloped side edges of the second pair of locating formations. Since limited separative movement between these engagement portions is conveniently permitted by virtue of a non-rigid link between the parts of the cover, the engagement portions may be permitted to self-locate over the locating formation, enabling the cover to be securely located in the frame despite limited movement between the cover parts, and also to enable the associated part of the cover to rise partially out of the opening as described previously.
  • Such movement may also compensate for any distortion which may occur to the cover due to loads being applied thereto in use from above, and may also compensate for distortions arising through manufacturing tolerances.
  • each cover part to maintain a 'three point' suspension, which would not be possible if the cover parts were rigidly secured together.
  • At least one, and preferably all, of the cover parts may comprise a guide member on the underside thereof, conveniently in the form of a generally elongate rib extending generally parallel to and located closely adjacent one of the shorter sides of the cover part.
  • the guide member may have, at at least one end thereof, a sloped edge portion, such that the guide member reduces in depth towards the corner corresponding to that end.
  • the frame preferably comprises an outer side wall, conveniently continuously extending around a periphery thereof, which upstands generally perpendicularly from an outwardly projecting support flange which in use extends generally horizontally relative to the ground.
  • the cover When the cover is in the first, closed position, the cover may lie within the outer side wall, with an upper periphery of the outer side wall lying generally in the plane of the upper surface of the cover, thus providing a pleasing visual appearance, and enabling the cover to locate flush with the ground.
  • the frame also preferably comprises at least one inner side wall, which may comprise an upstanding rib, of lesser height than the outer side wall.
  • the or each inner side wall may be laterally spaced from the outer side wall, or may be integral therewith, such that the inner side wall may comprise an increased thickness portion of the outer side wall on an inwardly facing lower part thereof.
  • the or each inner side wall may be separate from the locating formations (and thus the ramp means) provided on the frame, but is preferably integral therewith.
  • a bottom edge of the or each guide member on the cover may lie closely adjacent an upper edge of the or each inner side wall.
  • the cover is preferably provided with at least one aperture therein adapted to receive a key or similar tool to enable the cover to be removed from the frame.
  • the or each aperture henceforth referred to as a keyway, may be located closely adjacent an edge of the cover, and conveniently, two keyways are provided, adjacent opposed edges of the cover, at or near middle portions of each edge.
  • a cover and frame assembly of the kind specified comprising two parts secured together by means providing for limited articulative movement between the two parts, wherein each part is provided with a keyway to aid removal of the cover, characterised in that the keyway is on or adjacent to a rectilinear median of the cover along the direction of sliding movement.
  • the keyway is adjacent a side edge thereof.
  • each adjacent a respective side edge may be provided more than one keyway, each adjacent a respective side edge as appropriate.
  • location means is provided between the cover and frame, to locate the cover relative to the frame and resist relative movement between the cover parts and the frame.
  • the chamber may be sealed, by which it is meant that the keyway provides the only opening to the chamber, but preferably, the chamber is open at least one other side thereof, conveniently a generally vertical side, thus allowing access to the interior of the chamber other than through the keyway, to facilitate the removal of dirt or foreign matter therefrom.
  • the open side affords an opening in the chamber which faces towards the adjacent side wall of the cover, and desirably, the opening may be coplanar with the side wall.
  • the preferred embodiment of this invention is a cover and frame assembly of the kind specified, comprising a rectangular frame 10 adapted to be received in the ground above an opening such as a manhole, and a cover 39 comprising two cover parts 40 a , 40 b engageable with the frame to selectively prevent or allow access to the opening.
  • Means (not shown) is provided to secure the two cover parts 40 a and 40 b together, particularly in a manner in which limited relative movement, desirably articulative movement, between the cover parts is permitted, in known manner.
  • the frame 10 comprises a generally planar support flange 11, having an outer periphery 12 and an inner periphery 13, an outer side wall 14 upstanding generally perpendicularly from the support flange 11, the outer side wall 14 extending continuously around the inner periphery 13.
  • the frame further comprises two inner side walls 15, of lesser height than the outer side wall 14, the inner side walls 15 being integral with the outer side wall 14 at a lower part thereof.
  • ramp means generally indicated at 16, 17, 18 and 19 which are adapted to facilitate insertion and removal of a cover in and out of the frame, and to, receive a corresponding formation on the cover when the cover is received in the frame.
  • the locating formations 16 and 18 are of an inverted "V" shape, with apices 20 and 21 lying on or close to a diagonal of the frame 10.
  • the locating formations 17 and 19 are of a different configuration, having flattened apices, thus providing top portions 23 and 24, from which sloped side edges 25, 26 and 27, 28 extend away towards planar parts 29, 30 and 31, 32 respectively, the sloped side edges providing ramp means by which the cover may rise partially out of the frame as further described later.
  • Figure 3 shows a side view of one of the locating formations 16 and 18, the configuration being such that a correspondingly shaped engagement formation on an underside of the cover is seated securely on the inverted "V" configuration, thus impeding movement of the cover relative to the frame, the sloped side edges depending downwardly from the apex 21 providing further ramp means.
  • a locating formation such as that shown at 17 or 19 is shown, having a top portion 23 and sloped side edges 25 and 26 depending downwardly therefrom, against which engagement portions 33 and 34 of the cover 39 may abut.
  • FIG 5 there is shown one part 40 a of a cover adapted to engage with the frame 10 of Figure 1, the cover in use comprising two identical or similar parts 40 a and 40 b secured together along the longer side 41.
  • part 40 a it will be appreciated that similar considerations apply to part 40 b .
  • the cover part 40 a comprises an upper surface 42 and side edges the longer of which is shown at 41, the shorter of which being shown at 41 a and 43 respectively.
  • the side edge 43 is provided with an aperture in the form of a prising slot 44 to enable a tool or a lever to be inserted therein to permit loosening of the cover from the frame 10 when the cover occupies a first, closed position in relation to the frame, since the cover may after a time 'stick' in the frame due to ingress of dirt, tar, or other foreign matter. It will of course be understood that there may be provided more than one prising slot, if desired.
  • a keyway 46 in the form of an aperture in the upper surface 42 of the cover part, which keyway comprises a chamber 47 at an underside of the cover part, being generally of box like configuration but having an open side 48 through which access to the chamber may be obtained to facilitate removal of dirt or foreign matter which may accumulate in the chamber by passing through the keyway 46.
  • engagement formations adapted to engage with the locating formations 16 to 19 on the frame, as indicated at 53, 54 and 55.
  • the engagement formation 53 is adapted to engage with locating formations 16 or 18, and accordingly has a correspondingly inverted "V" shaped configuration, with the apex 56 thereof lying on a diagonal (See Figure 6), and two engagement portions 53 a and 53 b integral with each other.
  • engagement formations 54 and 55 are each provided in two separate parts, each comprising engagement portions 33 and 34, as shown in Figure 4, one of which is provided on the cover part 40 a , the other of which is provided on the cover part 40 b .
  • each cover part 40 a there is further provided on the underside of each cover part 40 a a guide member 57, in the form of a downwardly extending rib, of greater depth than the reinforcing ribs 50, 51 and 52, which when the cover is in a closed position, lies closely adjacent an upper part of inner side wall 15, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the cover 39 is divided into two parts 40 a and 40 b along a line 69 which, whilst being medial, does not pass symmetrically through the corners of the cover 39, but extends in such a manner that a greater proportion of a bearing area between the cover part 40 a and the frame occurs on one side of the dividing line 69, whilst a greater proportion of the bearing area between the other part 40 b of the cover and the frame occurs on the other side of the dividing line.
  • a greater surface area of the engagement and location formations will be engaged at the leading edge of the cover, and at the trailing edge of the cover, with consequent advantages of stability.
  • the cover part 40 a of Figure 5 is shown in side view, and it can be seen that the guide member 57 projects below the side walls 41, 41 a and 43, there being provided sloped edge portions 58 and 59 at ends thereof.
  • the engagement formation 53 is of an inverted "V" shape, with sloped edges 60 and 61 of engagement portions 53 a and 53 b being adapted to cooperate with sloped edges 62 and 63, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the configuration of the "V” is such that tendency is reduced for the cover part 40 a to "ride up” over the apex 20 of the "V" formation on the frame, thus maintaining the cover in a fixed position relative to the frame.
  • FIG 7 shows the frame 10 provided with two cover parts 40 a and 40 b secured to each other, and located within the frame, and it can be seen that two keyways 46 are thus provided, such that slidable removal of the cover from the frame could be performed either in the direction shown by arrow B or in the direction shown by arrow C. It can be seen from Figure 7 that as sliding movement begins in either of such directions, the guide members 57 begin to approach the outer side wall 14 at positions indicated at 14 a /14 b or 14 c /14 d depending on the direction of slidable movement.
  • the outer side wall 14 may have an inwardly tapered surface 70 (see Figure 2) such that on initial lifting of the cover at either of the key-ways 46, the cover may pivot about a pivot point corresponding to a lower part of receiving portion 33, and the degree of taper of the tapered surface 70 determines to what extent such pivotal rotational movement is permitted.
  • cover and frame assembly has been described as having two inner side walls, the applicants envisage that four inner side walls may be provided, such that sliding movement in four directions may be permitted, in contrast to the two directions shown herein.
  • configuration of engagement and locating formations described herein may also be suitable for use with one-piece covers.
  • a plurality of covers each comprising at least two parts, may be provided in an enlarged frame, with each cover being slidable into and out of the frame.
  • the ramp means may alternatively be provided on the cover parts, rather than on the frame, with the engagement formations thus being provided on the frame.
  • the locating formations provided on the frame do not in fact comprise ramp means, and instead are generally horizontally orientated relative to the frame, thus providing a generally flat formation with which the cover may engage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
EP19970305553 1996-07-26 1997-07-24 Ensemble d'un couvercle et d'un cadre Expired - Lifetime EP0821108B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9615727A GB2315793B (en) 1996-07-26 1996-07-26 Cover and frame assembly
GB9615727 1996-07-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0821108A1 true EP0821108A1 (fr) 1998-01-28
EP0821108B1 EP0821108B1 (fr) 2004-05-06

Family

ID=10797542

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EP19970305553 Expired - Lifetime EP0821108B1 (fr) 1996-07-26 1997-07-24 Ensemble d'un couvercle et d'un cadre

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EP (1) EP0821108B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2315793B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3029206A1 (fr) * 2014-12-01 2016-06-08 Bellonitec AG Dispositif de fermeture de puits en plusieurs parties
GB2585059A (en) * 2019-06-27 2020-12-30 Wrekin Holdings Ltd Ground surface access assemblies

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0330271D0 (en) 2003-12-31 2004-02-04 Saint Gobain Pipelines Plc A covering for an access aperture,and related assemblies

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1480364A (fr) * 1966-03-31 1967-05-12 Sambre & Meuse Usines Tampon pour regard et regard muni de ce tampon
GB2069575A (en) * 1980-02-15 1981-08-26 British Steel Corp Manhole cover and frame assemblies
US4567697A (en) * 1983-12-08 1986-02-04 Hahne Walter B Utility vault cover seal
GB2243638A (en) * 1990-05-01 1991-11-06 Stanton Plc Restraining lateral movement of manhole cover

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB336437A (en) * 1929-10-16 1930-10-16 Walter Needham Improvements in or relating to manhole, meter, hydrant, gulley and like covers and frames therefor
GB2124683B (en) * 1982-07-31 1985-10-09 Brickhouse Dudley Mfg Manhole cover and frame assemblies

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1480364A (fr) * 1966-03-31 1967-05-12 Sambre & Meuse Usines Tampon pour regard et regard muni de ce tampon
GB2069575A (en) * 1980-02-15 1981-08-26 British Steel Corp Manhole cover and frame assemblies
US4567697A (en) * 1983-12-08 1986-02-04 Hahne Walter B Utility vault cover seal
GB2243638A (en) * 1990-05-01 1991-11-06 Stanton Plc Restraining lateral movement of manhole cover

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3029206A1 (fr) * 2014-12-01 2016-06-08 Bellonitec AG Dispositif de fermeture de puits en plusieurs parties
GB2585059A (en) * 2019-06-27 2020-12-30 Wrekin Holdings Ltd Ground surface access assemblies
GB2585059B (en) * 2019-06-27 2021-06-23 Wrekin Holdings Ltd Ground surface access assemblies

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2315793B (en) 2000-12-27
EP0821108B1 (fr) 2004-05-06
GB2315793A (en) 1998-02-11
GB9615727D0 (en) 1996-09-04

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