EP0820539B1 - Melamine resin fibre and natural fibre mixture - Google Patents

Melamine resin fibre and natural fibre mixture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0820539B1
EP0820539B1 EP96922864A EP96922864A EP0820539B1 EP 0820539 B1 EP0820539 B1 EP 0820539B1 EP 96922864 A EP96922864 A EP 96922864A EP 96922864 A EP96922864 A EP 96922864A EP 0820539 B1 EP0820539 B1 EP 0820539B1
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Prior art keywords
fibers
weight
parts
melamine resin
metal
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EP96922864A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0820539A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Berbner
Hans-Dieter Eichhorn
Karl Ott
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Basofil Fibres LLC
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BASF SE
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/08—Heat resistant; Fire retardant
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/12—Threads containing metallic filaments or strips
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2938—Coating on discrete and individual rods, strands or filaments
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/294—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core including metal or compound thereof [excluding glass, ceramic and asbestos]
    • Y10T428/2958—Metal or metal compound in coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/654—Including a free metal or alloy constituent
    • Y10T442/655—Metal or metal-coated strand or fiber material

Definitions

  • Fibers from melamine / formaldehyde condensation products are known e.g. from DE-B 23 64 091. They are characterized by incombustibility, Flame resistance and high heat resistance. Because of these properties, they are used to manufacture refractory textiles used. Enough for some uses however, the tensile strength of the fibers is not sufficient in other areas of application the low abrasion resistance proves to be disadvantageous.
  • the invention was therefore based on the object on the one hand Properties of melamine resin fibers and on the other hand the properties of natural fibers to improve.
  • fiber mixtures were found, as well as others Fibers and / or metal fibers or conductive polymer fibers included as well as a process for their preparation and use of the fiber mixtures according to the invention for the production of Fabrics, fleeces, yarns, tapes and moldings and their use of melamine resin fibers for the production of the invention Fiber blends.
  • Substituted melamines which are particularly suitable for the invention are the following compounds: Meiamines substituted with the 2-hydroxyethylamino group, such as 2- (2-hydroxyethylamino) -4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-di- (2-hydroxyethylamino) -6-amino-1, 3,5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris- (2-hydroxyethylamino) -1,3,5-triazine, melamines substituted with the 2-hydroxyisopropylamino group, such as 2- (2-hydroxyisopropylamino) -4,6- diamino-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-di- (2-hydroxyisopropylamino) -6-amino-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris (2-hydroxyisopropylamino) -1, 3,5-triazine, melamines substituted with the 5-hydroxy-3
  • Preferred phenols are phenol, 4-methylphenol, 4-tert-butyl-phenol, 4-n-octyl-phenol, 4-n-nonyl-phenol, Pyrocatechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone, particularly preferred Phenol, resorcinol and 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane.
  • Formaldehyde is usually used as an aqueous solution with a Concentration of, for example, 40 to 50% by weight or in the form of in the reaction with (A) and (B) formaldehyde-providing compounds, for example as oligomeric or polymeric formaldehyde in solid form such as paraformaldehyde, 1,3,5-trioxane or 1,3,5,7-tetroxocan.
  • Fibers can be made of non-combustible or flame retardant materials such as m- and p-aramids, glass, Polyimides, polybenzimidazoles, carbon, preoxidized polyacrylonitrile as well as fibers made of thermoplastics such as high-strength polyethylene, polypropylene, polyesters, polyamides, polyvinyl chloride or use polyvinyl alcohols.
  • non-combustible or flame retardant materials such as m- and p-aramids, glass, Polyimides, polybenzimidazoles, carbon, preoxidized polyacrylonitrile as well as fibers made of thermoplastics such as high-strength polyethylene, polypropylene, polyesters, polyamides, polyvinyl chloride or use polyvinyl alcohols.
  • Metal fibers can be, for example, those based on Use stainless steel.
  • the conductive polymer fibers can be those with a core Use polyamide, polyester and a conductive coating as well metal-coated melamine resin fibers as described in EP-A 528 192, preferably those with a core made of polyester.
  • metal-coated is used Melamine resin fibers, preferably aluminum-coated Melamine resin fibers, including blends of uncoated and metal-coated melamine resin fibers are.
  • the melamine resin fibers for example aluminum as a film or stick on an aluminum vapor-coated foil, or the melamine resin fibers Steam with aluminum in a high vacuum.
  • the layer thickness of the metal layer, in particular the aluminum layer in the range from 10 to 150 ⁇ m, preferably from 50 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • tissue e.g. Gentex Corp., Carbondale PA,
  • Such yarns are preferred with aluminum in layer thicknesses in the range of 10 - 100 ⁇ m coated.
  • Such yarns are based on, for example described in DE-AS 27 43 768, DE-A 38 10 597 or EP-A 528 192 Process can be produced.
  • Fabrics from the mixtures according to the invention are very suitable for protective suits for welding and steel production, in particular to protect against convective heat, radiant heat as well liquid metal splashes.
  • thermoplastic fibers which are obtained from the inventive Fiber mixtures containing thermoplastic fibers can be produced by customary methods to form parts process like protective hoods for heat insulation, whereby the thermoplastic fibers generally act as binding fibers.
  • the fiber mixtures according to the invention can be used for Production of yarns and tapes in a manner known per se and Use way.
  • a needle felt with a basis weight of 400 g / m 2 was produced from a mixture of 50 parts of melamine resin fibers (as in Example 1) and 50 parts of cotton not treated with flame retardants (by needling with a machine from Fa Pilo).
  • the fleece produced in this way was examined for its fire behavior as described in Example 1. Result: the fleece could be classified in fire class s b .
  • Example 3 was repeated with the mixture from Example 2.
  • the maximum tensile force of the calendered fleece was 620 N.
  • a yarn with a thickness of 50 tex was produced by the rotor spinning process from a mixture consisting of 60% by weight of Basofil® (as in Example 1) and 40% by weight of cotton not treated with flame retardants (as in Example 1).
  • a double twist was then produced on a conventional twisting machine. Gloves were made from this thread on a conventional finger-knitted glove machine.
  • the weight per glove was 54 g.
  • the weight per unit area was 800 g / m 2 .
  • EN 702 a threshold value time of 14.6 seconds was measured at a contact temperature of 250 ° C.
  • Basofil® from BASF
  • New Zealand wool 35% by weight of commercially available New Zealand wool
  • steel fiber 1% by weight of steel fiber (diameter 6 ⁇ m, 36 mm length).
  • a fabric with a basis weight of 275 g / m 2 with a plain weave was then produced from this yarn.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP96/02678 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 11, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 11, 1997 PCT Filed Jun. 20, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97/01661 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 16, 1997A fiber blend of (a) from 10 to 90 parts by weight of metal-coated melamine resin fibers or a blend of uncoated and metal-coated resin fibers and (b) from 90 to 10 parts by weight of natural fibers and wovens, nonwovens, yarns, tapes or moldings formed from the blend.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Fasermischung, enthaltend

  • (a) 10 bis 90 Gew.-Teile Melaminharzfasern und
  • (b) 90 bis 10 Gew.-Teile Naturfasern.
    • The invention relates to a fiber mixture containing
  • (a) 10 to 90 parts by weight of melamine resin fibers and
  • (b) 90 to 10 parts by weight of natural fibers.

    • Fasern aus Melamin/Formaldehyd-Kondensationsprodukten sind bekannt, z.B. aus DE-B 23 64 091. Sie zeichnen sich durch Unbrennbarkeit, Flammfestigkeit und hohe Wärmeformbeständigkeit aus. Aufgrund dieser Eigenschaften werden sie zur Herstellung von feuerfesten Textilien eingesetzt. Für einige Einsatzzwecke reicht jedoch die Reißfestigkeit der Fasern nicht aus, bei andern Anwendungsgebieten erweist sich die geringe Abriebfestigkeit als nachteilig.Fibers from melamine / formaldehyde condensation products are known e.g. from DE-B 23 64 091. They are characterized by incombustibility, Flame resistance and high heat resistance. Because of these properties, they are used to manufacture refractory textiles used. Enough for some uses however, the tensile strength of the fibers is not sufficient in other areas of application the low abrasion resistance proves to be disadvantageous.

    Der Nachteil von Naturfasern besteht darin, daß man sie mit flammschützenden Zusatzstoffen versetzen muß, damit sie nicht mehr brennen. Flammschutz ausgerüstete Naturfasern wie Baumwolle verlieren jedoch beim Waschen einen Teil des Flammschutzmittels, was eine erhöhte Brandgefahr, beispielsweise bei Schweißerschutzanzügen, verursacht.The disadvantage of natural fibers is that you can use them must add flame retardant additives so that they do not burn more. Flame retardant natural fibers such as cotton lose some of the flame retardant when washing, which increases the risk of fire, for example in welding protective suits, caused.

    Der Erfindung lag daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einerseits die Eigenschaften von Melaminharzfasern und andererseits die Eigenschaften von Naturfasern zu verbessern.The invention was therefore based on the object on the one hand Properties of melamine resin fibers and on the other hand the properties of natural fibers to improve.

    Demgemäß wurde die eingangs definierte Fasermischung gefunden. Des weiteren wurden Fasermischungen gefunden, die außerdem sonstige Fasern und/oder Metallfasern oder leitfähige Polymerfasern enthalten sowie ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Fasermischungen zur Herstellung von Geweben, Vliesen, Garnen, Bändern und Formteilen und die Verwendung von Melaminharzfasern zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Fasermischungen.Accordingly, the fiber mixture defined at the outset was found. In addition, fiber mixtures were found, as well as others Fibers and / or metal fibers or conductive polymer fibers included as well as a process for their preparation and use of the fiber mixtures according to the invention for the production of Fabrics, fleeces, yarns, tapes and moldings and their use of melamine resin fibers for the production of the invention Fiber blends.

    Nach DE-B 23 64 091 können beim Spinnprozeß zur Herstellung der Melaminharzfasern der Lösung des Melaminharzes Lösungen anderer faserbildender Polymerisate zugesetzt werden, u.a. auch Lösungen von Polyamiden in organischen Lösungsmitteln. Bevorzugt werden wäßrige Lösungen von Polyvinylalkohol der Melaminharzlösung zugesetzt, wodurch die mechanischen Eigenschaften der nach dem Spinnprozeß erhaltenen Fasern verbessert werden können. Hierbei werden also Mischungen oder Lösungen verschiedener Polymerisate versponnen und dadurch Mischfasern hergestellt, während bei der vorliegenden Erfindung verschiedene fertige Fasern vermischt und dadurch Fasergemische hergestellt werden.

  • A. Melaminharz-Fasern sind durch ihre hohe Temperaturbeständigkeit und Unbrennbarkeit ausgezeichnet. Ihre Herstellung und ihre Eigenschaften sind bekannt, z.B. aus der DE-A 23 64 091. Sie werden bevorzugt aus hochkonzentrierten Lösungen von Melamin/Formaldehyd-Vorkondensationsprodukten nach Zusatz eines sauren Härters durch Zentrifugenspinnen, Fadenziehen, Extrudieren oder durch Fibrillierungsprozesse gewonnen. Die dabei erhaltenen Fasern werden im allgemeinen vorgetrocknet, gegebenenfalls gereckt und das Melaminharz wird üblicherweise bei Temperaturen von 120 bis 250°C gehärtet. Die Fasern sind gewöhnlich 5 bis 25 µm dick und 2 bis 2000 mm lang. Besonders temperaturbeständige Fasern erhält man, wenn im Melaminharz bis zu 30 Mol-%, insbesondere 2 bis 20 Mol-%, des Melamins durch ein Hydroxyalkylmelamin ersetzt sind, wie in EP-A 221 330 oder EP-A 523 485 beschrieben ist. Derartige Fasern weisen eine Dauertemperaturbeständigkeit bis 200°C, vorzugsweise bis 220°C auf. Ferner können untergeordnete Mengen Melamin durch substituierte Melamine, Harnstoff oder Phenol ersetzt sein. Besonders bevorzugt sind Kondensationsprodukte, erhältlich durch Kondensation eines Gemisches, enthaltend als wesentliche Komponenten
  • (A) 90 bis 99,9 Mol-% eines Gemisches bestehend im wesentlichen aus
  • (a) 30 bis 99 Mol-% Melamin und
  • (b) 1 bis 70 Mol-% eines substituierten Melamins der allgemeinen Formel I
    Figure 00020001
    in der X, X' und X" ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe bestehend aus -NH2, -NHR und -NRR', und X, X' und X" nicht gleichzeitig -NH2 sind, und R und R' ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Hydroxy-C2-C10-alkyl, Hydroxy-C2-C4-alkyl-(oxa-C2-C4-alkyl)n, mit n = 1 bis 5, und Amino-C2-C12-alkyl, oder Mischungen von Melaminen I, und
  • (B) 0,1 bis 10 Mol-%, bezogen auf (A) und (B), unsubstituierten oder mit Resten, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe aus C1-C9-Alkyl und Hydroxy, substituierten Phenolen, mit zwei oder drei Phenolgruppen substituierten C1-C4-Alkanen, Di(hydroxyphenyl)sulfone oder Mischungen dieser Phenole,
    mit Formaldehyd oder Formaldehyd-liefernden Verbindungen, wobei das Molverhältnis von Melaminen zu Formaldehyd im Bereich von 1 : 1,15 bis 1 : 4,5 liegt.
    • According to DE-B 23 64 091, solutions of other fiber-forming polymers, including solutions of polyamides in organic solvents, can be added to the solution of the melamine resin in the spinning process for producing the melamine resin fibers. Aqueous solutions of polyvinyl alcohol are preferably added to the melamine resin solution, as a result of which the mechanical properties of the fibers obtained after the spinning process can be improved. Mixtures or solutions of different polymers are thus spun and mixed fibers are thereby produced, while in the present invention different finished fibers are mixed and fiber mixtures are thereby produced.
  • A. Melamine resin fibers are characterized by their high temperature resistance and non-flammability. Their preparation and their properties are known, for example from DE-A 23 64 091. They are preferably obtained from highly concentrated solutions of melamine / formaldehyde precondensation products after adding an acidic hardener by centrifugal spinning, threading, extruding or by fibrillation processes. The fibers obtained are generally pre-dried, optionally stretched, and the melamine resin is usually cured at temperatures from 120 to 250 ° C. The fibers are usually 5 to 25 µm thick and 2 to 2000 mm long. Particularly temperature-resistant fibers are obtained when up to 30 mol%, in particular 2 to 20 mol%, of the melamine in the melamine resin is replaced by a hydroxyalkyl melamine, as described in EP-A 221 330 or EP-A 523 485. Such fibers have a permanent temperature resistance up to 200 ° C, preferably up to 220 ° C. In addition, minor amounts of melamine can be replaced by substituted melamines, urea or phenol. Particularly preferred are condensation products obtainable by condensing a mixture containing the essential components
  • (A) 90 to 99.9 mol% of a mixture consisting essentially of
  • (a) 30 to 99 mole% melamine and
  • (b) 1 to 70 mol% of a substituted melamine of the general formula I
    Figure 00020001
    in which X, X 'and X "are selected from the group consisting of -NH 2 , -NHR and -NRR', and X, X 'and X" are not simultaneously -NH 2 , and R and R' are selected from the group consisting of hydroxy-C 2 -C 10 -alkyl, hydroxy-C 2 -C 4 -alkyl- (oxa-C 2 -C 4 -alkyl) n , with n = 1 to 5, and amino-C 2 - C 12 alkyl, or mixtures of melamines I, and
  • (B) 0.1 to 10 mol%, based on (A) and (B), unsubstituted or with radicals selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 9 alkyl and hydroxy, substituted phenols, with two or three phenol groups substituted C 1 -C 4 alkanes, di (hydroxyphenyl) sulfones or mixtures of these phenols,
    with formaldehyde or formaldehyde-providing compounds, the molar ratio of melamines to formaldehyde being in the range from 1: 1.15 to 1: 4.5.

    • Für die Erfindung besonders geeignete substituierte Melamine sind folgende Verbindungen:
    mit der 2-Hydroxyethylamino-Gruppe substituierte Meiamine wie 2-(2-Hydroxyethylamino)-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin, 2,4-Di-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-6-amino-1,3,5-triazin, 2,4,6-Tris-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-1,3,5-triazin, mit der 2-Hydroxyisopropylamino-Gruppe substituierte Melamine wie 2-(2-Hydroxyisopropylamino)-4,6-diamino-1,3,5- triazin, 2,4-Di-(2-hydroxyisopropylamino)-6-amino-1,3,5-triazin, 2,4,6-Tris-(2-hydroxyisopropylamino)-1,3,5-triazin, mit der 5-Hydroxy-3-oxa-pentylamino-Gruppe substituierte Melamine wie 2-(5-Hydroxy-3-oxa-pentylamino)-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin, 2,4-Di-(5-hydroxy-3-oxa- pentylamino)-6-amino-1,3,5-triazin, 2,4,6-Tris-(5-hydroxy-3-oxa-pentylamino)-1,3,5-triazin, mit der 6-Aminohexylamino-Gruppe substituierte Melamine wie 2-(6-Aminohexylamino)-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin, 2,4-Di-(6-aminohexylamino)-6-amino- 1,3,5-triazin, 2,4,6-Tris-(6- aminohexylamino)-1,3,5-triazin oder Gemische dieser Verbindungen, beispielsweise ein Gemisch aus 10 Mol-% 2-(5-Hydroxy-3-oxa-pentylamino)-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin, 50 Mol-% 2,4-Di-(5-hydroxy-3-oxa-pentylamino)-6-amino-1,3,5-triazin und 40 Mol-% 2,4,6-Tris-(5-hydroxy-3- oxa-pentylamino)-1,3,5-triazin.    Substituted melamines which are particularly suitable for the invention are the following compounds:
    Meiamines substituted with the 2-hydroxyethylamino group, such as 2- (2-hydroxyethylamino) -4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-di- (2-hydroxyethylamino) -6-amino-1, 3,5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris- (2-hydroxyethylamino) -1,3,5-triazine, melamines substituted with the 2-hydroxyisopropylamino group, such as 2- (2-hydroxyisopropylamino) -4,6- diamino-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-di- (2-hydroxyisopropylamino) -6-amino-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris (2-hydroxyisopropylamino) -1, 3,5-triazine, melamines substituted with the 5-hydroxy-3-oxapentylamino group, such as 2- (5-hydroxy-3-oxapentylamino) -4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-di- (5-hydroxy-3-oxapentylamino) -6-amino-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris (5-hydroxy-3-oxapentylamino) - 1,3,5-triazine, melamines substituted with the 6-aminohexylamino group such as 2- (6-aminohexylamino) -4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-di- (6-aminohexylamino ) -6-amino-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris- (6-aminohexylamino) -1,3,5-triazine or mixtures of these compounds, for example a mixture of 10 mol% 2- (5-Hydroxy-3-oxapentylamino ) -4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine, 50 mol% 2,4-di- (5-hydroxy-3-oxapentylamino) -6-amino-1,3,5-triazine and 40 mol% 2,4,6-tris (5-hydroxy-3-oxapentylamino) -1,3,5-triazine.

    Als bevorzugte Phenole kommen in Betracht Phenol, 4-Methyl-phenol, 4-tert.-Butyl-phenol, 4-n-Octyl-phenol, 4-n-Nonyl-phenol, Brenzcatechin, Resorcin, Hydrochinon, 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan, 4,4'-Dihydroxydiphenylsulfon, besonders bevorzugt Phenol, Resorcin und 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan. Preferred phenols are phenol, 4-methylphenol, 4-tert-butyl-phenol, 4-n-octyl-phenol, 4-n-nonyl-phenol, Pyrocatechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone, particularly preferred Phenol, resorcinol and 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane.

    Formaldehyd setzt man in der Regel als wäßrige Lösung mit einer Konzentration von zum Beispiel 40 bis 50 Gew.-% oder in Form von bei der Umsetzung mit (A) und (B) Formaldehyd liefernden Verbindungen, beispielsweise als oligomeren oder polymeren Formaldehyd in fester Form wie Paraformaldehyd, 1,3,5-Trioxan oder 1,3,5,7-Tetroxocan ein.Formaldehyde is usually used as an aqueous solution with a Concentration of, for example, 40 to 50% by weight or in the form of in the reaction with (A) and (B) formaldehyde-providing compounds, for example as oligomeric or polymeric formaldehyde in solid form such as paraformaldehyde, 1,3,5-trioxane or 1,3,5,7-tetroxocan.

    Für die Herstellung von Fasern verwendet man zweckmäßig 1 bis 50, vorzugsweise 5 bis 15 und insbesondere 7 bis 12 Mol-% des substituierten Melamins sowie 0,1 bis 9,5, bevorzugt 1 bis 5 Mol-% eines der oben angeführten Phenole oder Mischungen derselben.

  • B. Als Naturfasern setzt man in der Regel natürlich vorkommende Fasern auf Cellulose-Basis ein wie Baumwolle, Wolle, Leinen oder Seide, wobei unter diese Naturfasern auch solche Fasern auf Cellulose-Basis zählen sollen, die natürlichen Ursprungs sind, jedoch nach bekannten und üblichen Verfahren modifiziert oder behandelt sind. Insbesondere Baumwolle oder Wolle gehören nach DIN 60001 zu den Naturfasern, wobei Baumwolle der Gruppe der pflanzlichen Fasern zuzuordnen ist. In der DIN 60004 sind die Begriffe für den Rohstoff Wolle festgelegt. Im Sinne dieser Erfindung sind unter Wolle alle groben und feinen Tierhaare zu verstehen.Des weiteren können Melaminharzfasern die üblichen Zusatzstoffe wie Füllstoffe, Farbstoffe, Pigmente, Metallpulver und Mattierungsmittel enthalten oder bereits gefärbt sein. Aber auch die Naturfasern können vor der Verarbeitung gefärbt und mit Spinnhilfsmitteln versehen sein.Das Vermischen der beiden Faserarten geschieht in der Regel auf üblichen Fasermisch-Apparaturen wie sie in Vliesstoffe, Georg Thieme Verlag, beschrieben sind. Man geht üblicherweise aus von Stapelfasern einer üblichen Länge von 1 bis 20 cm. Diese werden in der Regel über eine Fordereinrichtung einer Karde zugeführt und dort vorgemischt. Die Vermischung wird dann im allgemeinen in einer Krempelanlage vervollständigt. Die erhaltene watteförmige Bahn wird dann üblicherweise zu Garnen oder Vliesen weiterverarbeitet, wobei die in der Textilindustrie üblichen Verfahren angewandt werden können.Diese Garne, Vliese oder Gewebe können dann je nach Anwendungsgebiet zu verschiedenartigen textilen oder nicht-textilen Gebilden weiterverarbeitet werden wie beispielsweise zu Handschuhen und Brandschutzanzügen sowie zu Lösch- und Brandschutzdecken.Solche Mischgarne oder Vliese bzw. Artikel aus diesen Mischungen zeichnen sich durch einen hervorragenden Tragekomfort aus. Das herausragende Merkmal ist jedoch, daß die Garne, Gewebe oder Vliese mit Melaminharzfaseranteilen von mindestens 50 bis 60 Gew.-% nicht brennen, wobei die Naturfasern ohne jegliche Ausrüstung eingesetzt werden können.
    • For the production of fibers it is advantageous to use 1 to 50, preferably 5 to 15 and in particular 7 to 12 mol% of the substituted melamine and 0.1 to 9.5, preferably 1 to 5 mol% of one of the phenols or mixtures mentioned above the same.
  • B. As a rule, naturally occurring cellulose-based fibers such as cotton, wool, linen or silk are used, natural fibers of which cellulose-based should also count among these natural fibers, which are of natural origin, but according to known and customary ones Procedures are modified or treated. According to DIN 60001, cotton or wool in particular are natural fibers, with cotton belonging to the group of vegetable fibers. The terms for the raw material wool are defined in DIN 60004. For the purposes of this invention, wool is understood to mean all coarse and fine animal hair. Furthermore, melamine resin fibers can contain the usual additives such as fillers, dyes, pigments, metal powder and matting agents, or they can already be colored. However, the natural fibers can also be dyed and treated with spinning aids before processing. The two types of fibers are usually mixed using conventional fiber mixing equipment as described in Nonwovens, Georg Thieme Verlag. One usually starts from staple fibers with a usual length of 1 to 20 cm. These are usually fed to a carding machine via a conveying device and premixed there. The mixing is then generally completed in a carding machine. The wadded web obtained is then usually further processed into yarns or nonwovens, using the methods customary in the textile industry. These yarns, nonwovens or fabrics can then be further processed into various types of textile or non-textile structures, for example gloves and Fire protection suits as well as fire and fire blankets, such blended yarns or nonwovens or articles made from these blends are extremely comfortable to wear. The outstanding feature, however, is that the yarns, fabrics or nonwovens with melamine resin fiber contents of at least 50 to 60% by weight do not burn, and the natural fibers can be used without any equipment.

    • Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform betrifft eine Fasermischung aus

  • (a) 10 bis 90, bevorzugt von 30 bis 70 Gew.-Teilen Melaminharz-fasern
  • (b) 90 bis 10, bevorzugt von 70 bis 30 Gew.-Teilen Naturfasern und
  • (c) 2 bis 25, bevorzugt von 5 bis 15 Gew.-Teilen, bezogen auf (a) und (b),
    • sonstiger Fasern.A preferred embodiment relates to a fiber mixture
  • (a) 10 to 90, preferably 30 to 70 parts by weight of melamine resin fibers
  • (b) 90 to 10, preferably 70 to 30 parts by weight of natural fibers and
  • (c) 2 to 25, preferably from 5 to 15 parts by weight, based on (a) and (b),
    • other fibers.

    Als sonstige Fasern kann man Fasern aus nicht brennbaren oder schwer entflammbaren Materialien wie m- und p-Aramiden, Glas, Polyimiden, Polybenzimidazolen, Kohlenstoff, preoxidiertes Polyacrylnitril sowie Fasern aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen wie hochfestes Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polyestern, Polyamiden, Polyvinylchlorid oder Polyvinylalkoholen einsetzen.Other fibers can be made of non-combustible or flame retardant materials such as m- and p-aramids, glass, Polyimides, polybenzimidazoles, carbon, preoxidized polyacrylonitrile as well as fibers made of thermoplastics such as high-strength polyethylene, polypropylene, polyesters, polyamides, polyvinyl chloride or use polyvinyl alcohols.

    Nach bisherigen Beobachtungen kann man durch den Zusatz der sonstigen Fasern Vliese und Gewebe herstellen, die höhere Festigkeiten aufweisen als Vliese und Gewebe ohne die sonstigen Fasern ohne daß dabei das Brandverhalten negativ zu beeinflussen.According to previous observations, the addition of the other Fibers nonwovens and fabrics produce higher strengths have as fleeces and fabrics without the other fibers without negatively influencing the fire behavior.

    Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform betrifft Fasermischungen aus

  • (a) 10 bis 90, bevorzugt von 30 bis 70 Gew.-Teilen Melaminharzfasern
  • (b) 90 bis 10, bevorzugt von 70 bis 30 Gew.-Teilen Naturfasern
  • (c) gegebenenfalls 2 bis 25, bevorzugt von 5 bis 15 Gew.-Teilen, bezogen auf (a) und (b), sonstiger Fasern wie oben beschrieben, und
  • (d) von 0,1 bis 5, bevorzugt von 0,5 bis 2, Gew.-Teilen, bezogen auf die Summe von (a) + (b) + (c), Metallfasern oder leitfähige Polymerfasern.
    • Another preferred embodiment relates to fiber mixtures
  • (a) 10 to 90, preferably from 30 to 70 parts by weight of melamine resin fibers
  • (b) 90 to 10, preferably 70 to 30 parts by weight of natural fibers
  • (c) optionally 2 to 25, preferably from 5 to 15 parts by weight, based on (a) and (b), of other fibers as described above, and
  • (d) from 0.1 to 5, preferably from 0.5 to 2, parts by weight, based on the sum of (a) + (b) + (c), metal fibers or conductive polymer fibers.

    • Als Metallfasern kann man beispielsweise solche auf Basis von nicht-rostendem Stahl einsetzen.Metal fibers can be, for example, those based on Use stainless steel.

    Als leitfähige Polymerfasern kann man solche mit einem Kern aus Polyamid, Polyester und einem leitfähigen Überzug einsetzen sowie metallbeschichtete Melaminharzfasern wie in der EP-A 528 192 beschrieben, bevorzugt solche mit einem Kern aus Polyester.The conductive polymer fibers can be those with a core Use polyamide, polyester and a conductive coating as well metal-coated melamine resin fibers as described in EP-A 528 192, preferably those with a core made of polyester.

    In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform setzt man metallbeschichtete Melamin-Harzfasern ein, bevorzugt Aluminium-beschichtete Melamin-Harzfasern, worunter auch Mischungen aus unbeschichteten und metallbeschichteten Melamin-Harzfasern zu verstehen sind. Insbesondere kann man in an sich bekannter weise auf die Melamin-Harzfasern beispielsweise Aluminium als Folie oder eine Aluminium-bedampfte Folie aufkleben, oder die Melamin-Harzfasern im Hochvakuum mit Aluminium bedampfen. Üblicherweise wählt man die Schichtdicke der Metall-, insbesondere der Aluminiumschicht, im Bereich von 10 bis 150 µm, bevorzugt von 50 bis 100 µm.In a further preferred embodiment, metal-coated is used Melamine resin fibers, preferably aluminum-coated Melamine resin fibers, including blends of uncoated and metal-coated melamine resin fibers are. In particular, one can in a manner known per se the melamine resin fibers, for example aluminum as a film or stick on an aluminum vapor-coated foil, or the melamine resin fibers Steam with aluminum in a high vacuum. Usually chooses the layer thickness of the metal layer, in particular the aluminum layer, in the range from 10 to 150 μm, preferably from 50 to 100 µm.

    Die Metallierung erfolgt in der Regel durch Aufdampfen von Metall auf das Gewebe im Hochvakuum (siehe Ullmanns Enzyklopädie der Technischen Chemie, 3. Aufl., Bd. 15, S. 276 und dort zitierte Literatur). Auch ist es möglich, auf das Gewebe dünne Metallfolien aufzukleben. Derartige Metallfolien bestehen in der Regel aus einer polymeren Trägerfolie, die mit einem dünnen Metallfilm beschichtet ist. Sie enthalten vorzugsweise einen polymeren Träger auf Polyesterbasis. Die metallisierten Folien können entsprechend der TL 8415-0203 (TL = Technische Lieferbindung der Bundeswehr) einseitig oder vorzugsweise zweiseitig auf das erfindungsgemäße Gewebe aufgebracht werden, beispielsweise mittels eines Klebers oder durch Heiß-Kalandrieren. Derartige Folien werden von verschiedenen Herstellern für die Beschichtung von Geweben verwendet (z.B. Gentex Corp., Carbondale PA, USA; C.F. Ploucquet GmbH & Co, D-89522 Heidenheim; Darmstädter GmbH, D-46485 Wesel).The metallization is usually done by evaporating metal on the tissue in a high vacuum (see Ullmanns encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry, 3rd ed., Vol. 15, p. 276 and cited there Literature). It is also possible to apply thin metal foils to the fabric stick on. Such metal foils generally exist made of a polymeric carrier film with a thin metal film is coated. They preferably contain a polymeric carrier based on polyester. The metallized foils can accordingly the TL 8415-0203 (TL = technical delivery commitment of the Bundeswehr) one-sided or preferably two-sided on the Tissues according to the invention are applied, for example by means of an adhesive or by hot calendering. Such Films are made by various manufacturers for the coating of tissues (e.g. Gentex Corp., Carbondale PA, USA; C.F. Ploucquet GmbH & Co, D-89522 Heidenheim; Darmstadt GmbH, D-46485 Wesel).

    Darüber hinaus ist es möglich, die erfindungsgemäßen Gewebe aus metallisierten Garnen herzustellen. Derartige Garne sind vorzugsweise mit Aluminium in Schichtdicken im Bereich von 10 - 100 µm beschichtet. Solche Garne sind beispielsweise in Anlehnung an die in DE-AS 27 43 768, DE-A 38 10 597 oder EP-A 528 192 beschriebenen Verfahren herstellbar.In addition, it is possible to use the fabrics according to the invention to manufacture metallized yarns. Such yarns are preferred with aluminum in layer thicknesses in the range of 10 - 100 µm coated. Such yarns are based on, for example described in DE-AS 27 43 768, DE-A 38 10 597 or EP-A 528 192 Process can be produced.

    Mischungen aus 50 Gew.-% Basofil und 50 Gew.-% nicht mit Flammschutz ausgerüsteter Baumwolle erfüllen nach pr EN 532 die Anforderungen für den Index 2 der begrenzten Flammenausbreitung nach pr EN 533. Eine Mischung aus 60 Gew.-% Basofil und 40 Gew.-% nicht mit Flammschutz ausgerüstete Baumwolle erreicht nach DIN 54336 bzw. 66083 die Brennklasse sb.Mixtures of 50% by weight of Basofil and 50% by weight of cotton not equipped with flame retardants meet the requirements for index 2 of limited flame spread according to pr EN 533 according to pr EN 532. A mixture of 60% by weight Basofil and 40% by weight .-% cotton not equipped with flame retardant reaches the firing class s b according to DIN 54336 or 66083.

    Gewebe aus den erfindungsgemäßen Mischungen eignen sich sehr gut für Schutzanzüge beim Schweißen und bei der Stahlerzeugung, insbesondere zum Schutz gegen konvektive Hitze, Strahlungswärme sowie flüssige Metallspritzer.Fabrics from the mixtures according to the invention are very suitable for protective suits for welding and steel production, in particular to protect against convective heat, radiant heat as well liquid metal splashes.

    Erfindungsgemäße Gewebe oder Vliese, die aus den erfindungsgemäßen thermoplastischen Fasern enthaltenden Fasermischungen hergestellt werden, kann man nach üblichen Verfahren zu Formteilen wie Schutzhauben zur Wärmeisolierung verarbeiten, wobei die thermoplastischen Fasern in der Regel als Bindefasern wirken.Fabrics or nonwovens according to the invention which are obtained from the inventive Fiber mixtures containing thermoplastic fibers can be produced by customary methods to form parts process like protective hoods for heat insulation, whereby the thermoplastic fibers generally act as binding fibers.

    Des weiteren kann man die erfindungsgemäßen Fasermischungen zur Herstellung von Garnen und Bändern in an sich bekannter Art und Weise verwenden.Furthermore, the fiber mixtures according to the invention can be used for Production of yarns and tapes in a manner known per se and Use way.

    BeispieleExamples Beispiel 1example 1

    Auf einer Ringspinnmaschine wurden Garne mit einer Stärke von 50 tex aus einer Mischung aus 60 Gew.-% Melamin-Harzfasern (BASOFIL ® von BASF; hergestellt analog zu dem Beispiel aus der EP-A 624 665) und 40 Gew.-% nicht mit Flammschutzmitteln behandelte Baumwolle (aus Rußland, mit einer mittleren Länge von 32 mm) 2fach hergestellt. Anschließend wurde aus dem so hergestellten Garn ein Gewebe mit einem Flächengewicht von 310 g/m2 mit einer Köperbindung 2/2 produziert. Das so hergestellte Gewebe wurde nach DIN 54336 geprüft und die Kennwerte für das Brennverhalten textiler Erzeugnisse nach DIN 66083 festgestellt. Das erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Gewebe erreichte die Brennklasse sb.Yarns with a thickness of 50 tex from a mixture of 60% by weight of melamine resin fibers (BASOFIL® from BASF; produced analogously to the example from EP-A 624 665) and 40% by weight were not included on a ring spinning machine Flame retardant treated cotton (from Russia, with an average length of 32 mm) made twice. A fabric with a basis weight of 310 g / m 2 with a twill weave 2/2 was then produced from the yarn thus produced. The fabric produced in this way was tested in accordance with DIN 54336 and the characteristic values for the burning behavior of textile products were determined in accordance with DIN 66083. The fabric produced according to the invention reached the firing class s b .

    Zum Vergleich: Ein entsprechend hergestelltes Gewebe aus Baumwolle brennt unter den Prüfbedingungen vollständig ab, so daß eine Einstufung in eine Brennklasse nicht möglich ist. For comparison: a suitably made cotton fabric burns completely under the test conditions, so that a classification in a firing class is not possible.

    Beispiel 2Example 2

    Aus einer Mischung aus 50 Teilen Melamin-Harzfasern (wie in Beispiel 1) und 50 Teilen nicht mit Flammschutzmitteln behandelte Baumwolle (wie in Beispiel 1) wurde ein Nadelvlies mit einem Flächengewicht von 400 g/m2 herstellt (durch Vernadeln mit einer Maschine der Fa. Pilo). Das so herstellte Vlies wurde wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben auf sein Brandverhalten untersucht. Ergebnis: das Vlies konnte in die Brandklasse sb eingestuft werden.A needle felt with a basis weight of 400 g / m 2 was produced from a mixture of 50 parts of melamine resin fibers (as in Example 1) and 50 parts of cotton not treated with flame retardants (by needling with a machine from Fa Pilo). The fleece produced in this way was examined for its fire behavior as described in Example 1. Result: the fleece could be classified in fire class s b .

    In einem Streifenzugversuch in Anlehnung an DIN 53857 wurde eine Höchstzugkraft des Vlieses von 520 N ermittelt.In a strip pull test based on DIN 53857, a Maximum fleece tensile force of 520 N determined.

    Beispiel 3Example 3

    Aus einer Mischung aus 45 Teilen Melamin-Harzfasern (wie in Beispiel 1) und 45 Teilen nicht mit Flammschutzmitteln behandelte Baumwolle (wie in Beispiel 1) sowie 10 Teilen Polypropylenfasern (15 mm Länge, 15 µm Durchmesser) wurde ein Nadelvlies mit einem Flächengewicht von 400 g/m2 hergestellt (durch Vernadeln mit einer Maschine der Fa. Pilo). Das so hergestellte Vlies wurde bei 200°C kalandriert. Anschließend wurde das kalandrierte Vlies analog zu dem Verfahren in Beispiel 1 auf sein Brandverhalten untersucht. Ergebnis: das Vlies konnte in die Brandklasse sb eingestuft werden. Im Streifzugversuch wurde in Anlehnung an DIN 53857 eine Höchstzugkraft des kalandrierten Vlieses von 740 N ermittelt.From a mixture of 45 parts of melamine resin fibers (as in Example 1) and 45 parts of cotton not treated with flame retardants (as in Example 1) and 10 parts of polypropylene fibers (15 mm in length, 15 µm in diameter), a needle felt with a basis weight of 400 became g / m 2 (by needling with a machine from Pilo). The fleece produced in this way was calendered at 200 ° C. The calendered nonwoven was then examined for its fire behavior analogously to the procedure in Example 1. Result: the fleece could be classified in fire class s b . In the foray test, a maximum tensile force of the calendered fleece of 740 N was determined based on DIN 53857.

    Beispiel 4Example 4

    Beispiel 3 wurde mit der Mischung aus Beispiel 2 wiederholt. Die Höchstzugkraft des kalandrierten Vlieses betrug 620 N.Example 3 was repeated with the mixture from Example 2. The The maximum tensile force of the calendered fleece was 620 N.

    Beispiel 5Example 5

    Aus einer Mischung bestehend aus 60 Gew.-% Basofil ® (wie in Beispiel 1) und 40 Gew.-% nicht mit Flammschutzmitteln behandelter Baumwolle (wie in Beispiel 1) wurde nach dem Rotorspinnverfahren ein Garn mit einer Stärke von 50 tex hergestellt. Anschließend wurde ein 2-fach Zwirn auf einer üblichen Zwirnmaschine hergestellt. Aus diesem Zwirn wurden auf einer üblichen Fingerstrickhandschuhmaschine Fingerhandschuhe hergestellt. Das Gewicht je Handschuh betrug 54 g. Das Flächengewicht betrug 800 g/m2. Nach der Europanorm EN 702 wurde bei einer Kontakttemperatur von 250°C eine Schwellwertzeit von 14,6 sec gemessen. A yarn with a thickness of 50 tex was produced by the rotor spinning process from a mixture consisting of 60% by weight of Basofil® (as in Example 1) and 40% by weight of cotton not treated with flame retardants (as in Example 1). A double twist was then produced on a conventional twisting machine. Gloves were made from this thread on a conventional finger-knitted glove machine. The weight per glove was 54 g. The weight per unit area was 800 g / m 2 . According to the European standard EN 702, a threshold value time of 14.6 seconds was measured at a contact temperature of 250 ° C.

    Zum Vergleich wurde ein Handschuh mit gleichem Gewicht aus para-Aramid geprüft. Bei gleicher Kontakttemperatur wurde eine Schwellwertzeit von nur 8,9 sec ermittelt.For comparison, a glove with the same weight was made from para-aramid checked. At the same contact temperature a Threshold time of only 8.9 seconds determined.

    Beispiel 6Example 6

    Auf einer Ringspinnmaschine wurden Garne mit einer Stärke von Nm32/2 aus einer Mischung von 64 Gew.-% Melamin-Harzfaser (Basofil® von BASF), 35 Gew.-% handelsüblicher Neuseelandwolle sowie 1 Gew.-% Stahlfaser (Durchmesser 6 µm, 36 mm Länge) hergestellt. Aus diesem Garn wurde anschließend ein Gewebe mit einem Flächengewicht von 275 g/m2 mit einer Leinwandbindung hergestellt.Yarns with a thickness of Nm32 / 2 from a mixture of 64% by weight of melamine resin fiber (Basofil® from BASF), 35% by weight of commercially available New Zealand wool and 1% by weight of steel fiber (diameter 6 μm, 36 mm length). A fabric with a basis weight of 275 g / m 2 with a plain weave was then produced from this yarn.

    Ausgewählte Prüfungen nach DIN EN 531:1995, Schutzkleidung für hitzeexponierte Industriearbeiter

  • 1. Begrenzte Flammenausbreitung nach DIN EN 532:1995 Weiterbrennen zu den Ober- und Seitenkanten nein Lochbildung nein Brennendes oder schmelzendes Abtropfen nein Nachbrennzeit 0 Sekunden Nachglühzeit 0 Sekunden Das Gewebe erfüllte damit bei weitem die Anforderungen nach der DIN EN 531, (Code-Buchstabe A). In dieser Norm sind für die Nachbrennzeit und die Nachglühzeit sogar jeweils 2 Sekunden erlaubt.
  • 2. Konvektive Hitze nach DIN EN 367:1992 HTI-Wert 6 Sekunden Das Gewebe erreichte die Leistungsstufe B1 der DIN EN 531:1995
  • 3. Strahlungs-Hitze nach DIN EN 366:1993 t2-Wert 20 Sekunden Das Gewebe erreichte die Leistungsstufe C1 nach DIN EN 531:1995
  • 4. Flüssige Eisen-Spritzer nach DIN EN 373:1993 Masse an Eisen, die keine Schädigung der PVC-Folie hervorrief 62 g Das Gewebe erreichte die Leistungsstufe E1 nach DIN EN 531:1995Prüfungen nach DIN EN 470-1: 1995, Schutzkleidung für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren Prüfwert gefordert nach Norm 1. Zugfestigkeit nach ISO 5081 Kette 550 N
    Schuß 490 N     ≥ 300 N
    ≥ 300 N         2. Weiterreißfestigkeit nach ISO 4674 Kette 54 N
    Schuß 48 N     ≥ 15 N
    ≥ 15 N         3. Maßänderung nach ISO 6330/5077 Kette -2,5 %
    Schuß -0,7 %     ≤ ± 3 %
    ≤ ± 3 %         4. Einwirkung gegen kleine Metallspritzer nach DIN EN 348:1992 Anzahl der Metalltropfen, die eine Temperaturerhöhung auf der Probenrückseite um 40 K verursachen 33 ≥ 15
    • Selected tests according to DIN EN 531: 1995, protective clothing for heat-exposed industrial workers
  • 1. Limited flame spread according to DIN EN 532: 1995 Continue burning to the top and side edges No Hole formation No Burning or melting draining No Afterburn time 0 seconds Afterglow time 0 seconds The fabric thus far met the requirements of DIN EN 531, (code letter A). This standard even allows 2 seconds for the afterburn time and the afterglow time.
  • 2. Convective heat according to DIN EN 367: 1992 HTI value 6 seconds The fabric reached performance level B1 of DIN EN 531: 1995
  • 3. Radiant heat according to DIN EN 366: 1993 t 2 value 20 seconds The fabric reached performance level C1 according to DIN EN 531: 1995
  • 4. Liquid iron splashes according to DIN EN 373: 1993 Mass of iron that did not damage the PVC film 62 g The fabric reached performance level E1 according to DIN EN 531: 1995, tests according to DIN EN 470-1: 1995, protective clothing for welding and allied processes Test value required by standard 1. Tensile strength according to ISO 5081 Chain 550 N
    Shot 490 N     ≥ 300 N
    ≥ 300 N     2. Tear resistance according to ISO 4674 Chain 54 N
    Shot 48 N     ≥ 15 N
    ≥ 15 N     3. Dimensional change according to ISO 6330/5077 Chain -2.5%
    Shot -0.7%     ≤ ± 3%
    ≤ ± 3%     4. Action against small metal splashes according to DIN EN 348: 1992 Number of metal drops that cause a temperature increase of 40 K on the back of the sample 33 ≥ 15

    • Claims (9)

    1. A fiber blend comprising
      (a) from 10 to 90 parts by weight of melamine resin fibers and
      (b) from 90 to 10 parts by weight of natural fibers.
    2. A fiber blend comprising
      (a) from 10 to 90 parts by weight of melamine resin fibers,
      (b) from 90 to 10 parts by weight of natural fibers and also
      (c) from 2 to 25 parts by weight, based on the sum of (a) and (b), of other fibers.
    3. A fiber blend comprising
      (a) from 10 to 90 parts by weight of melamine resin fibers,
      (b) from 90 to 10 parts by weight of natural fibers and also, optionally,
      (c) from 2 to 25 parts by weight, based on the sum of (a) and (b), of other fibers and
      (d) from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, based on the sum of (a), (b) and (c), of metal fibers or conductive polymer fibers.
    4. A fiber blend as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, comprising metal-coated melamine resin fibers or blends of uncoated and metal-coated melamine resin fibers as component (a).
    5. A process for producing a fiber blend as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3 by customary processes, which comprises blending
      (a) from 10 to 90 parts by weight of melamine resin fibers and
      (b) from 90 to 10 parts by weight of natural fibers and also, optionally,
      (c) from 2 to 25 parts by weight, based on the sum of (a) and (b), of other fibers and, optionally,
      (d) from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, based on the sum of (a), (b) and (c), of metal fibers or conductive polymer fibers.
    6. The use of the fiber blend of any of claims 1 to 3 or produced as claimed in claim 5 for producing wovens, nonwovens, yarns, tapes, moldings especially gloves, fire protection suits, extinguishing and fire-safety blankets, welders' protective clothing and clothing for protection against convective heat, radiant heat and splashes of liquid metal.
    7. The use of melamine resin fibers for producing fiber blends as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3.
    8. Gloves, fire protection suits, extinguishing and fire-safety blankets produced by the use of claim 6.
    9. Welders' protective clothing and clothing for protection against convective heat, radiant heat and splashes of liquid metal produced by the use of claim 6.
    EP96922864A 1995-06-26 1996-06-20 Melamine resin fibre and natural fibre mixture Expired - Lifetime EP0820539B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19523081A DE19523081A1 (en) 1995-06-26 1995-06-26 Fiber blend of melamine resin fibers and natural fibers
    DE19523081 1995-06-26
    PCT/EP1996/002678 WO1997001661A1 (en) 1995-06-26 1996-06-20 Melamine resin fibre and natural fibre mixture

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0820539A1 EP0820539A1 (en) 1998-01-28
    EP0820539B1 true EP0820539B1 (en) 1999-09-01

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    EP (1) EP0820539B1 (en)
    JP (1) JPH11508330A (en)
    KR (1) KR19990028389A (en)
    CN (1) CN1068391C (en)
    AT (1) ATE184057T1 (en)
    CA (1) CA2222206A1 (en)
    DE (2) DE19523081A1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2137010T3 (en)
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    CN1189196A (en) 1998-07-29
    KR19990028389A (en) 1999-04-15
    JPH11508330A (en) 1999-07-21
    MX9708835A (en) 1998-03-31
    DE19523081A1 (en) 1997-01-02
    WO1997001661A1 (en) 1997-01-16
    ES2137010T3 (en) 1999-12-01
    CN1068391C (en) 2001-07-11
    ATE184057T1 (en) 1999-09-15
    US5888652A (en) 1999-03-30
    EP0820539A1 (en) 1998-01-28
    CA2222206A1 (en) 1997-01-16
    DE59602950D1 (en) 1999-10-07

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