EP0820501A1 - Fractionnement d'huiles de triglycerides - Google Patents

Fractionnement d'huiles de triglycerides

Info

Publication number
EP0820501A1
EP0820501A1 EP96909110A EP96909110A EP0820501A1 EP 0820501 A1 EP0820501 A1 EP 0820501A1 EP 96909110 A EP96909110 A EP 96909110A EP 96909110 A EP96909110 A EP 96909110A EP 0820501 A1 EP0820501 A1 EP 0820501A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
sucrose
palmitate
sucrose polyester
laurate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP96909110A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Petrus Henricus J. Van Dam
Wim Hogervorst
Frans Kamp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
Original Assignee
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever PLC, Unilever NV filed Critical Unilever PLC
Priority to EP96909110A priority Critical patent/EP0820501A1/fr
Publication of EP0820501A1 publication Critical patent/EP0820501A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B7/00—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils
    • C11B7/0083—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils with addition of auxiliary substances, e.g. cristallisation promotors, filter aids, melting point depressors

Definitions

  • the present invention is concerned with a process for fractionating triglyceride oils, particularly lauric oils.
  • the fractionation (fractional crystallization) of triglyceride oils is described by Gunstone, Harwood and Padley in The Lipid Handbook, 1986 edition, pages 213-215.
  • triglyceride oils are mixtures of various triglycerides having different melting points.
  • the present invention refers to a specific lauric oil: palmkemel oil.
  • the composition of triglyceride oils may be modified e.g. by fractionation yielding a fraction having a different melting point or solubility.
  • One fractionation method is the so-called dry fractionation process which comprises cooling the oil until a solid phase crystallises and separating the crystallised phase from the liquid phase.
  • the liquid phase is denoted as olein fraction
  • the solid phase is denoted as stearin fraction.
  • the separation of the phases is usually carried out by filtration, optionally applying some kind of pressure.
  • the major problem encountered with phase separation in the dry fractionation process is the inclusion of a lot of liquid olein fraction in the separated stearin fraction.
  • the olein fraction is thereby included in the inter- and intracrystal spaces of the crystal mass of the stearin fraction. Therefore the separation of the solid from the liquid fraction is only partial.
  • the solids content of the stearin fraction is denoted as the separation efficiency. In dry fractionation it seldom surpasses 50 to 60 wt.%. This is detrimental to the quality of the stearin as well as to the yield of the olein.
  • separation efficiencies may be up to 95%.
  • Dry fractionation is a process which is more economical and more environmentally friendly than solvent fractionation. An increase of separation efficiency for dry fractionation is therefore much desired, particularly for the commercially important palmkernel oil.
  • crystallization modifiers are e.g. fatty acid esters of sucrose, described in US 3,059,010, US 3,059,010, JP 05/125389 and JP 06/181686, fatty acid esters of glucose and derivatives, described in US 3,059,011. These crystallization modifiers are effective in speeding up the crystallization rate.
  • Other crystallization modifiers e.g.
  • crystal habit modifiers are actually able to change the habit of the crystallized triglyceride fat crystals in a way such that after crystallization the crystals, the stearin phase, can be more effectively separated from the liquid phase, the olein phase.
  • Publications describing such crystal habit modifiers are e.g. GB 1 015 354, US 2,610,915, co-pending PCT application WO 95/04122, US 3,059,008, US 3,059,009 and US 3,059,010.
  • the invention relates to a process for separating solid fatty material crystallised from palmkernel oil, which comprises the steps: a. heating the oil until no longer a substantial amount of solid triglyceride is present in the oil, b. cooling and crystallising the triglyceride oil resulting in a solid stearin phase besides a liquid olein phase and c.
  • Figure 1A shows agglomerates of needle-like crystals of palmkernel oil obtained by quiescent crystallization without additive.
  • Figure IB shows spherulite crystals of palmkernel oil obtained by stirred crystallization in the presence of sucrose polylaurate.
  • the palmkernel oil to be fractionated is mixed with the crystallization modifying substance (the additive) before crystallization starts, preferably before the oil is heated or dissolved in the solvent so that all solid triglyceride fat and preferably also the modifying substance is liquefied. Then the oil or solution is cooled to the chosen crystallisation temperature.
  • a suitable temperature range is 15-35°C.
  • To each temperature belongs a specific composition of the olein and stearin phases. Crystallisation proceeds at the chosen temperature until the crystallised oil stabilises to a constant solid phase content. The crystallisation time increases when more solid phase is desired and the temperature is lowered. Usual times are in the range of 4-16 hours.
  • the oil is stirred, e.g. with a gate stirrer.
  • the additive is a sugar polyester of fatty acids.
  • Preferred polyesters are chosen from the group consisting of sucrose polylaurate (100wt.% laurate) , sucrose polyester (75wt.% laurate, 25wt.% palmitate) , sucrose polyester (50wt.% laurate, 25wt.% palmitate, 25wt.% stearate) , sucrose polyester (25wt.% laurate, 35wt.% palmitate, 40wt.% stearate), sucrose polyester (75wt.% caprate, 25wt.% palmitate), sucrose polyester (75wt.% myristate, 25wt.% palmitate) and sucrose polypalmitate (100 wt.% palmitate) , where the ratios are denoted as weight percentages.
  • Sucrose polyester in the context of this description denotes a sucrose ester of which on average at least four, preferably five to six of the eight hydroxyl groups have been esterified with one or more types of fatty acids.
  • the ester can be obtained by well-known usual processes such as esterification of sucrose with fatty acids or a mixture of fatty acids or of reactive fatty acid derivatives.
  • Sucrose with more than four free hydroxyl groups has an insufficient oil solubility.
  • Sucrose polylaurate as mentioned in this specification is a highly esterified (50-100%) sucrose ester with a lauric- content of 95 wt.%. It is a readily available commercial product (e.g. Kyoto Sugar Ester L195 , ex MITSUBISHI) .
  • the stearin and olein phases may be separated by filtration but for an effective separation of the solid from the liquid phase the higher pressures of a membrane filter press are used. Suitable pressures are 3-50 bar, exerted for about 20-200 minutes. However, the invention allows a low or moderate pressure. As a rule with a pressure of 6-12 bar it takes about 30-60 minutes to get a proper separation of the stearin phase from the olein phase.
  • the solids content of the crystal slurry before separation and of the stearin phase obtained after separation is measured according to the known pulse NMR method (ref. Fette, Seifen, Anstrichstoff 1978, ___., nr. 5, pp. 180- 186) .
  • the effect of the invention is believed to be caused by alteration of the crystal structure or crystal habit of the stearin under the influence of the additive. These might interfere in different ways with the growth of the various crystal faces.
  • the process is carried out preferably as a dry fractionation process.
  • the sucrose polyester is suitably applied in an amount of 0.005 - 2 wt.% on the total amount of oil.
  • a useful amount is about 1 wt.%.
  • a sample was prepared containing 1000 g of palmkernel oil (neutralised, bleached, deodorised) and 10 g (1%) of sucrose polylaurate.
  • the sample was heated and stirred at 65°C until completely liquefied (no solid fat content) and then slowly cooled. Crystallization proceeded in a stagnant (0 rpm) mode at the chosen temperature of 23°C until a constant solid phase content was reached.
  • palmkernel oil was fractionated following the same procedure as described above, but in a stirred mode (5 rpm) .
  • the used crystal habit modifiers are: #3 sucrose polyester (75% laurate, 25% palmitate) , #4 sucrose polyester (50% laurate, 25% palmitate, 25% stearate) , #5 sucrose polyester (25% laurate, 35% palmitate, 40% stearate) , #6 sucrose polyester (75% caprate, 25% palmitate) , #7 sucrose polyester (75% myristate, 25% palmitate) and #8 sucrose polypalmitate, where the ratios are denoted as weight percentages.
  • sucrose polyester 5 0.0 n.d. (75% laurate, 25% palmitate) 1.0 69 ++
  • sucrose polyester 5 0.0 n.d. (50% laurate, 25% palmitate 1.0 73 ++ 25% stearate)
  • sucrose polyester 5 sucrose polyester 5 0.0 n.d. (25% laurate, 35% palmitate 1.0 73 ++ 40% stearate)
  • sucrose polyester 5 0.0 n.d. (75% caprate, 25% palmitate) 1.0 60 ++

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention décrit le fractionnement d'huile de noix de palme qui utilise la cristallisation par agitation avec une efficacité de séparation de plus de 70 % et comprend l'emploi d'un polyester de saccharose en tant que substance modificatrice de la cristallisation.
EP96909110A 1995-04-05 1996-03-21 Fractionnement d'huiles de triglycerides Ceased EP0820501A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96909110A EP0820501A1 (fr) 1995-04-05 1996-03-21 Fractionnement d'huiles de triglycerides

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95200859 1995-04-05
EP95200859 1995-04-05
EP95203598 1995-12-21
EP95203598 1995-12-21
EP96909110A EP0820501A1 (fr) 1995-04-05 1996-03-21 Fractionnement d'huiles de triglycerides
PCT/EP1996/001242 WO1996031581A1 (fr) 1995-04-05 1996-03-21 Fractionnement d'huiles de triglycerides

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0820501A1 true EP0820501A1 (fr) 1998-01-28

Family

ID=26139201

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96909110A Ceased EP0820501A1 (fr) 1995-04-05 1996-03-21 Fractionnement d'huiles de triglycerides

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0820501A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4216331B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU715941B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2215155A1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ313297A3 (fr)
HU (2) HUP9802334A3 (fr)
PL (1) PL322573A1 (fr)
SK (1) SK133097A3 (fr)
TR (1) TR199701103T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996031581A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19943504A1 (de) * 1999-09-10 2001-04-05 Waeschle Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur pneumatischen Förderung von Schüttgut

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5576513B2 (ja) 2013-01-11 2014-08-20 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 油脂の製造方法
IS2978B (is) 2015-05-13 2017-09-15 Margildi Ehf. Kaldhreinsun á fiskiolíu
KR101743616B1 (ko) 2015-05-20 2017-06-07 에스케이바이오랜드 주식회사 경화유 처리에 의한 생약추출물의 흐름성 개선 방법 및 그 제품

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3059009A (en) * 1961-09-21 1962-10-16 Proeter & Gamble Company Fat crystallization process
JPH0783679B2 (ja) * 1987-08-05 1995-09-13 三菱化学株式会社 ファットブル−ム防止剤
JPH06181686A (ja) * 1992-12-16 1994-07-05 Mitsubishi Kasei Corp 油脂の分別用乳化剤及び油脂の分別方法
DK0805196T3 (da) * 1993-07-27 2000-04-25 Unilever Nv Fraktionering af triglyceridolier
WO1995004123A2 (fr) * 1993-07-30 1995-02-09 Unilever N.V. Fractionnement d'huiles triglyceridiques

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9631581A1 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19943504A1 (de) * 1999-09-10 2001-04-05 Waeschle Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur pneumatischen Förderung von Schüttgut
DE19943504C2 (de) * 1999-09-10 2002-01-17 Coperion Waeschle Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur pneumatischen Förderung von Schüttgut
DE19943504C5 (de) * 1999-09-10 2005-10-13 Coperion Waeschle Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur pneumatischen Förderung von Schüttgut

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SK133097A3 (en) 1998-02-04
AU715941B2 (en) 2000-02-10
WO1996031581A1 (fr) 1996-10-10
HUP9801996A3 (en) 1999-10-28
CA2215155A1 (fr) 1996-10-10
PL322573A1 (en) 1998-02-02
CZ313297A3 (cs) 1998-03-18
TR199701103T1 (xx) 1998-02-21
AU5273096A (en) 1996-10-23
HUP9801996A2 (hu) 1998-12-28
JP4216331B2 (ja) 2009-01-28
HUP9802334A2 (hu) 1999-01-28
HUP9802334A3 (en) 1999-09-28
JPH11502893A (ja) 1999-03-09

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