EP0813223B1 - Dispositif pour engendrer un champ magnétique et source ecr comportant ce dispositif - Google Patents
Dispositif pour engendrer un champ magnétique et source ecr comportant ce dispositif Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0813223B1 EP0813223B1 EP19970401294 EP97401294A EP0813223B1 EP 0813223 B1 EP0813223 B1 EP 0813223B1 EP 19970401294 EP19970401294 EP 19970401294 EP 97401294 A EP97401294 A EP 97401294A EP 0813223 B1 EP0813223 B1 EP 0813223B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- axial
- field
- systems
- target
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J27/00—Ion beam tubes
- H01J27/02—Ion sources; Ion guns
- H01J27/16—Ion sources; Ion guns using high-frequency excitation, e.g. microwave excitation
- H01J27/18—Ion sources; Ion guns using high-frequency excitation, e.g. microwave excitation with an applied axial magnetic field
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of devices magnetic, to create a magnetic field, particular for application to an ECR source (source with Electronic Cyclotronic Resonance). Of such sources are used to produce ions, for example radioactive ions.
- ECR source source with Electronic Cyclotronic Resonance
- the process implemented works to produce radioactive ions with a such source is to bomb a thick target with a beam of high energy heavy ions.
- the heavy ion beam stops in the target and produces elements by fragmentation thereof, or of the projectile.
- the target is heated to a temperature very high, around 2000 ° C, in order to reduce the output time of the elements created. These latter then broadcast to an ECR source in which they are ionized, in order to be accelerated by a cyclotron.
- Magnets 2, 4 are provided, arranged in symmetrically about an axis AA 'which crosses a zone 6, or plasma confinement zone.
- a high frequency injection line 8 coaxial, east aligned along axis AA '. Ions are extracted by an opening 10, also with axial symmetry AA ′, for example using extraction electrodes arranged near orifice 10.
- the device illustrated in FIG. 2 schematically represents a target-source assembly, called "Nanomafira; this assembly is described in the Communication by P. Sortais et al.” Developments of compact permanent magnets ECRIS “, 12th International Workshop on ECR Ion Sources, April 25-27, 1995, Riken, Japan.
- a set of magnets 12, 14, 16 is placed around a plasma confinement zone 18.
- a target 20 is placed, at the end of a line 22 d high frequency, radial or coaxial injection.
- Means 24 are also provided to be able to direct a primary beam 26 towards the target 20: thus, the place of production of the species (interaction zone between the beam 26 and the target 20) is located close to the plasma confinement zone 18.
- This type of device makes it possible to efficiently produce condensable elements, in particular radioactive elements.
- the magnetized zones arranged in a cone of 150 ° around the beam axis 26 , and the apex of which can be approximately located in the target 20 undergo, within a few hours of operation, effects of rapid demagnetization, due to the energy neutrons emitted by the interaction of the primary beam with the target.
- any modification of the structures is very delicate, because the ECR sources are intended to be coupled to generators ion or particle beams, and possibly to means of studying the ions produced: the environment of these structures is therefore very restrictive.
- the coaxial structure chosen makes it possible to obtain a compact device, near which a target can be arranged: thus, problems related to transport of elements via a tube are avoided.
- such a structure makes it possible to direct a primary beam of particles, towards a target, without the magnetic elements being exposed to neutrons induced by the primary beam.
- this structure makes it possible to minimize the sets to change after long-term operation: all the magnetic elements being distributed coaxially, and nested one inside the other, a translation of one of the elements in relation to the others is possible, which allows to clear this element for have access to it.
- the structure according to the invention is revealed all the more advantageous, in an ECR source, that the spatial and space constraints are extremely critical in this type of source.
- the system is dimensioned so that the ratio L 1 / L, where L is the length of the set of magnetic elements with multipolar structure and where L1 is the length of the device, measured parallel to the axis of common symmetry, is less than 1.5.
- One (or more) insulating element (s), coaxial (coaxial) to N magnetic systems and the set of magnetic means with structure multipolar, can also be provided in the device: all the insulating elements of the devices known according to the prior art have a geometry which depends on the geometry of the source, and this results insulators of fairly complex shape. As part of the present invention, the insulator (or insulators) is (are) on the contrary very simple form, since it (s) has (s) an axial symmetry.
- Such device provides a B field structure at minimum.
- the interior system can have a single magnetic system, allowing establish an axial field gradient at one end of the outermost system.
- the interior system can have two magnetic subsystems, allowing establish an axial field gradient for each of the two ends of the outermost system.
- the invention also relates to an ECR source.
- an ECR source comprising a device for generating a field magnetic, as described above, the volume interior or magnetic medium with multipolar structure defining a plasma containment, and means for placing a target, preferably at a of the ends of the multipole structure.
- Such a device also comprises means to inject a primary beam towards a target, allowing the injection of the primary beam along the axis common to the N magnetic systems and magnetic means with multipolar structure.
- the invention also relates to a method of production of radioactive ions using a ECR source as described above.
- Such a process allows the production of ions, including comprised of condensable or unstable elements: indeed, the ECR source does not require any tube to transport the elements.
- An axial component is superimposed on the radial component of the magnetic field.
- This axial component is obtained using a set A 1 , ... A N of coaxial magnetic systems and nested one inside the other.
- Each system A i has an axial symmetry around the axis MM ', which is therefore common to all of the N magnetic systems making it possible to obtain the axial component of the magnetic field, but also to the multipolar system 32.
- the resulting axial magnetic field B a is the sum of the magnetic fields obtained with each of the elements A i .
- all of the systems magnetic is configured to achieve a magnetic field B having a structure "to minimum ".
- the magnetic field is then constituted by the superposition of the component radial multipolar, which has an amplitude minimal in the central part of the cavity, and a axial magnetic field with symmetry of revolution, having a gradient along the axis MM ', the field resulting magnetic is set so that it exists in the cavity at least one ply 35 completely closed, and having no contact with walls of the cavity, sheet on which the condition of electronic cyclotron resonance is satisfied, so as to obtain an ionization of the gas passing through it.
- FIG. 4 presents a device according to the invention, comprising a multipole structure 32 intended to generate the radial component of the field, and a set of two systems A 1 , A 2 making it possible to generate the axial component of the magnetic field in the manner described above.
- Closed surfaces, of magnetic equimodules 36, 38 are obtained inside the confinement zone 34.
- an HF electromagnetic field is injected into this zone. 34 by means not shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the internal layer 36 corresponds to the resonant layer (the electronic cyclotron frequency is equal to the frequency of the electromagnetic field); the external ply 38 corresponds to a closed surface of magnetic equimodule having no contact with the walls of the cavity 34.
- each level of the magnetic system A i will be able to configure each level of the magnetic system A i , so as to obtain a desired, predetermined configuration of axial field.
- the zones or surfaces S 1 , S 2 defined by the ends of the multipolar structure 32, as well as their vicinity, are available to be able to have in the immediate vicinity of the plasma, or the plasma confinement zone, an assembly constituted by a target 42, with its heating and cooling systems, its diagnostic means (for example thermocouple), its mechanical holding, dismantling and intervention devices, its reflectors, ... etc.
- This arrangement is therefore much more flexible to use than the devices of the prior art, which often required an installation of the target at a distance from the confinement zone 34 such that means of transport or transit of the species produced had to be provided.
- this structure is compatible with a positioning of a high energy incident beam 44 along the axis MM ', directed towards the target 42.
- such a device can be dimensioned so that the internal diameter ⁇ of the multipolar system 32 and the total length L of the magnetic device are in a ratio ⁇ / L of between 0.1 and 0.8 .
- a ratio ⁇ / L of between 0.1 and 0.8 .
- the structure of magnetic devices according to the invention is compatible with the introduction of an insulating element also having an axial symmetry with respect to the axis MM '.
- this isolation element can be introduced at several levels, for example in the zone 46 outside the magnetic system A 1 or in the zone 48 between the system A 1 and the system A 2 or in the zone 50 comprised between the system A 2 and the multipolar system 32.
- isolation can be done at different diameters: between the multipoles and the axial system, or between the components of the axial system; it is also possible to make insulations on several diameters, which makes it possible to withstand higher voltages.
- the insulating elements are generally made of PVC or Bakelite.
- FIG. 5A represents a device according to the invention, comprising a multipole element 32 as described above, and two systems A 1 , A 2 for producing the axial field.
- the outermost system, A 1 makes it possible to establish an average axial field.
- the interior system A 2 comprises a single magnetic subsystem, making it possible to establish an axial field gradient at one end of the exterior system A 1 .
- FIG. 5B represents the evolution, along the axis MM 'of the radial component obtained by A 1 (mean field: curve I 5 ), of the gradient induced by the subsystem A 2 (modulation, curve II 5 ), and of the resulting axial field (curve III 5 ).
- the resulting axial field has a mirror ratio B f / B min greater than 1.1: this criterion clearly establishes that a minimum field structure is obtained.
- FIG. 6A represents another structure of a device according to the invention, with multipolar system 32 around an axis MM ', and two systems A 1 , A 2 for producing the axial field.
- the system A2 is broken down into two subsystems A 21 and A 22 , each of these subsystems making it possible to establish, at one end of the external system A 1 , an axial field gradient.
- the polarities of these elements are represented in FIG. 6A by arrows.
- the curves I 6 , II 6 , III 6 represent, in FIG. 6B, the respective evolution of the mean field, of the modulation fields, and of the resulting total field.
- the mirror ratio is greater than or equal to 1.1, this results in a minimum structure.
- FIG. 7A represents another structure with two levels of magnetic systems A 1 and A 2 for producing the axial component of the magnetic field.
- FIG. 7B shows the evolution, along the axis MM ′, of the mean axial field (obtained using the system A 1 : curve I 7 ), of the axial modulation field (obtained by the combined action of the subsystems A 21 , A 22 : curve II 7 ; curve II ′ 7 represents the axial field resulting from the action of the system A 2 ), and from the total resulting axial field (curve III 7 ).
- a minimum field structure is obtained (the criterion being the obtaining of a mirror ratio B f / B min greater than or equal to 1.1).
- FIG. 8A A fourth embodiment of a device, with two levels of magnetic systems for obtaining the axial component of the field, is shown in FIG. 8A.
- the difference again lies in the magnetization of the subsystem A 22 .
- the mean axial field obtained by the system A 1 evolves as illustrated by the curve I 8 in FIG. 8B.
- the curves II 8 represent the evolution of the axial modulation field, the curve II ' 8 representing the evolution of the component of the axial field resulting from the system A 2 .
- Curve III8 represents the axial evolution of the total resulting axial field. Again, we can clearly see that a minimum structure has been obtained (B f / B min greater than or equal to 1.1).
- FIG. 9 represents an example of an ECR source using a magnetic structure according to the invention.
- the multipole element 32 an external system A 1 of cylindrical coils allowing to establish an average axial field in the zone 34 of confinement of a plasma 35.
- a second level of means magnetic A 2 (in fact, composed of two permanent cylindrical magnets A 21 and A 22 ) allows to establish the gradients necessary for the modulation of the axial field, inside the confinement zone 34.
- a target 42, and its heating means, are arranged near one end of the multipolar system 32.
- Means 52 allow lateral injection of high frequency radiation into the confinement zone 34.
- the device of Figure 9 further comprises means 54 allowing the cooling of the target and its environment, a passage 56 for the connection of a thermocouple, itself located nearby of the target, and a current arrival 58 for the target heating.
- FIG. 9 also includes an insulating cylinder 60, placed between the two systems A 1 and A 2 for the production of the axial component of the magnetic field.
- the target 42 is bombarded by an incident ion beam 44 whose direction is aligned on the common axis of the magnetic device A 1 -A 2 .
- the plasma ions are extracted through the same opening, using extraction electrodes 62.
- the fact of position the target 42 near one of the ends of the multipolar system 32 allows the bomb with an incident ion beam at high energy 44 flowing through the extraction system everything maintaining the structures, sensitive to neutrons, producing the magnetic field at higher angles 90 ° to the axis MM '.
- the device according to the invention for producing a field magnetic, does not prohibit, if necessary, placing a target far from the source.
- the evolution, along the axis MM ', of the various components of the magnetic field obtained with the device illustrated in FIG. 9, is represented in FIG. 10.
- the curve I represents the evolution of the component due to the system A 1 alone (this system consists of a coil supplied at 700 amps)
- curve II represents the evolution of the axial component due to the system A 2 alone (system consisting of magnets A 21 and A 22 ).
- Curve III represents the axial field resulting from the contribution of each of the systems A 1 and A 2 . This curve III shows again, that a minimum field structure is well obtained.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
Description
- un ensemble de N(N≥2) systèmes magnétiques, à symétrie axiale, pour former un champ magnétique axial (Ba), ces N systèmes étant coaxiaux et emboítés les uns dans les autres,
- un ensemble de moyens magnétiques à structure
multipolaire permettant d'obtenir un champ magnétique
radial
B rad, cet ensemble de moyens magnétiques étant disposé à l'intérieur des N systèmes magnétiques et étant coaxial à ceux-ci.
- les figures 1 et 2, déjà décrites, représentent des sources ECR selon l'art antérieur,
- la figure 3 représente schématiquement une structure d'aimants pour un système magnétique selon l'invention,
- la figure 4 représente schématiquement un système d'aimants, avec deux sous-systèmes pour former un champ axial, conformément à l'invention,
- les figures 5A et 5B représentent respectivement un premier mode de réalisation d'un dispositif avec deux sous-systèmes pour le champ axial, et les variations, le long de l'axe, des champs magnétiques obtenus,
- les figures 6A et 6B représentent respectivement un autre mode de réalisation d'un dispositif avec deux sous-systèmes pour former le champ axial, et les valeurs des champs magnétiques le long de l'axe,
- les figures 7A et 7B représentent un autre mode de réalisation d'un dispositif avec deux sous-systèmes pour former le champ axial, et les champs magnétiques résultant le long de l'axe,
- les figures 8A et 8B représentent un autre mode de réalisation d'un dispositif avec deux sous-systèmes pour former le champ axial, et les variations des champs magnétiques le long de l'axe,
- la figure 9 représente un prototype de source réalisé avec une structure magnétique selon l'invention,
- la figure 10 représente la variation des champs magnétiques, le long de l'axe, dans le cas d'un prototype de source réalisé avec une structure magnétique selon l'invention.
Claims (12)
- Dispositif pour engendrer un champ magnétique
B comportant :un ensemble de N, N≥2, systèmes magnétiques (A1, ..., AN), à symétrie axiale, pour former un champ magnétique axial (Ba), ces N systèmes étant coaxiaux et emboítés les uns dans les autres,un ensemble de moyens magnétiques (32) à structure multipolaire permettant d'obtenir un champ magnétique radial (B rad), cet ensemble de moyens magnétiques étant disposé à l'intérieur des N systèmes magnétiques et étant coaxial à ceux-ci. - Dispositif selon la revendication 1, le champ
B ayant une structure à minimum. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, le rapport L1/L, où L est la longueur de l'ensemble des moyens magnétiques à structure multipolaire (32) et où L1 est la longueur du dispositif, mesuré parallèlement à l'axe de symétrie commun (MM'), étant inférieur à 1,5.
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, comportant en outre un ou plusieurs isolants (60) coaxiaux aux N systèmes magnétiques (A1, ...AN) et à l'ensemble de moyens magnétiques (32) à structure multipolaire.
- Dispositif pour engendrer un champ magnétique, selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, comportant 2, N=2, systèmes magnétiques à symétrie axiale (A1, A2), pour former un champ magnétique axial, le système le plus extérieur (A1) définissant un champ axial moyen, le système intérieur (A2) permettant d'établir localement au moins un gradient de ce champ axial.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 5, le système intérieur (A2) comportant un seul système magnétique permettant d'établir un gradient de champ axial, à une extrémité du système (A1) le plus extérieur.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 5, le système intérieur (A2) comportant deux sous-systèmes magnétiques (A21, A22) permettant d'établir un gradient de champ axial à chacune des deux extrémités du système (A1) le plus extérieur.
- Source ECR comportant un dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, le volume intérieur aux moyens magnétiques à structure multipolaire définissant une enceinte de confinement pour plasma (34) et des moyens pour disposer une cible (42).
- Source ECR selon la revendication 8, les moyens pour disposer une cible permettant de positionner celle-ci à une des extrémités (S1, S2) de la structure multipolaire (32).
- Source ECR selon la revendication 8, des moyens étant prévus pour injecter un faisceau primaire (44) en direction de la position d'une cible (42), selon l'axe commun aux N systèmes magnétiques (A1,..., AN) et aux moyens magnétiques (32) à structure multipolaire.
- Procédé de production d'ions mettant en oeuvre une source ECR selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10.
- Procédé selon la revendication 11, les ions produits étant des ions radioactifs.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9607228A FR2749703B1 (fr) | 1996-06-11 | 1996-06-11 | Dispositif pour engendrer un champ magnetique et source ecr comportant ce dispositif |
FR9607228 | 1996-06-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0813223A1 EP0813223A1 (fr) | 1997-12-17 |
EP0813223B1 true EP0813223B1 (fr) | 2002-04-10 |
Family
ID=9492934
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19970401294 Expired - Lifetime EP0813223B1 (fr) | 1996-06-11 | 1997-06-09 | Dispositif pour engendrer un champ magnétique et source ecr comportant ce dispositif |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0813223B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69711764T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2749703B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19933762C2 (de) * | 1999-07-19 | 2002-10-17 | Juergen Andrae | Gepulste magnetische Öffnung von Elektronen-Zyklotron-Resonanz-Jonenquellen zur Erzeugung kurzer, stromstarker Pulse hoch geladener Ionen oder von Elektronen |
DE10306936B3 (de) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-06-24 | Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH | Multi-Mode-Metall-Ionenquelle mit der Struktur einer Hohlkathoden-Sputter-Ionenquelle mit radialer Ionenextraktion |
FR2947378A1 (fr) | 2009-06-29 | 2010-12-31 | Quertech Ingenierie | Systeme magnetique formant des surfaces iso modules fermees a partir de structures magnetiques de type "cusp" et sources d'ions de type rce mettant en oeuvre un tel systeme |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2551302B1 (fr) * | 1983-08-30 | 1986-03-14 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Structure ferromagnetique d'une source d'ions creee par des aimants permanents et des solenoides |
-
1996
- 1996-06-11 FR FR9607228A patent/FR2749703B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-06-09 DE DE1997611764 patent/DE69711764T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-09 EP EP19970401294 patent/EP0813223B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69711764T2 (de) | 2002-11-14 |
DE69711764D1 (de) | 2002-05-16 |
EP0813223A1 (fr) | 1997-12-17 |
FR2749703B1 (fr) | 1998-07-24 |
FR2749703A1 (fr) | 1997-12-12 |
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