EP0807798B1 - Projectile à effet de fragmentation orienté - Google Patents

Projectile à effet de fragmentation orienté Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0807798B1
EP0807798B1 EP96850096A EP96850096A EP0807798B1 EP 0807798 B1 EP0807798 B1 EP 0807798B1 EP 96850096 A EP96850096 A EP 96850096A EP 96850096 A EP96850096 A EP 96850096A EP 0807798 B1 EP0807798 B1 EP 0807798B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
target
charge
fragment
projectile
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96850096A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0807798A1 (fr
Inventor
Ulf Melhus
Christer Regebro
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BAE Systems Bofors AB
Original Assignee
Bofors Defence AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bofors Defence AB filed Critical Bofors Defence AB
Priority to EP96850096A priority Critical patent/EP0807798B1/fr
Priority to ES96850096T priority patent/ES2167534T3/es
Priority to DE69618573T priority patent/DE69618573T2/de
Priority to AT96850096T priority patent/ATE212122T1/de
Publication of EP0807798A1 publication Critical patent/EP0807798A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0807798B1 publication Critical patent/EP0807798B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/095—Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators, dispersed around a warhead, one of the primers or detonators being selected for directional detonation effects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotationally stabilized projectile such as an artillery shell or a missile intended for combating ground and airborne targets by directing towards the target fragments from a defonating explosive-filled active part.
  • Said active part consisting of, in addition to an explosive-filled active charge, an outwardly delimited fragment-forming casing which preferably consists of at least partly preformed heavy metal fragments and a priming charge intended for said active charge.
  • the fragments are formed on detonation of the active charge.
  • the priming charge is connected to a homing sensor or target sensor which is intended to scan a predetermined direction relative to the flying direction of the projectile during the flight of the projectile towards the target.
  • the target sensor is designed to ignite the priming charge on detection of targets worth combating, which in turn primes the active charge.
  • the active charge throws out fragments at great speed in directions which are predetermined relative to the flying direction of the projectile.
  • the aim of the present invention is then to offer a functional solution to this problem.
  • DE-A-1 453 815 which concerns an artillery shell or a missile intended for combating ground or airborne targets and which can be initiated to spread splinters selectively in a direction chosen by a target sensor.
  • the projectile described therein is however somewhat complex as it is provided with several priming charges which can be initiated selectively by the target sensor in order to produce splinters in the direction chosen by the sensor. This document is a basis for the preamble of claim 1.
  • FR-A-2 641 070 further describes a warhead with one single direction of action intended for an airborne body and particularly suitable for the attacking of lightly armored targets.
  • the prerequisite for the invention is therefore that there is access to a rotating active part or projectile, such as a rotationally stabilized artillery shell or a missile.
  • a rotating active part or projectile such as a rotationally stabilized artillery shell or a missile.
  • the latter can have been imparted adequate speed of rotation by means of for example inclined fins.
  • the active part in question is also to be equipped with a target sensor which, if it detects a target worth combating at a combatable distance during the flight of the projectile, will prime a priming charge included in the projectile. This will in turn prime the active charge of the projectile.
  • the active charge is closed off in its main direction of action by a fragment-forming casing which, on detonation of the charge, is broken up into free metal fragments which are accelerated at high speed in the direction of the target.
  • the active part which is characteristic of the invention, that is to say the active charge and the fragment-forming casing
  • a concentration is obtained, on detonation of the active charge, of the fragments, which are with this released and accelerated at high speed, into one or more coherent sheaves in one or more directions, at least one of which coincides with the direction of the target identified by the target seeker.
  • a basic principle which is characteristic of the invention is thus that both the scanning direction of the target sensor and the dynamic fragmentation direction of the active part, that is to say the common fragmentation direction of the explosive charge and the fragment-forming casing, which is determined by the vector sum of the speed of the fragments formed on detonation of the explosive charge and the path speed of the carrier projectile and at least in certain cases the speed of rotation thereof, are to form an angle of more than 40° and less than 90° with the flying direction of the projectile.
  • the scanning direction of the target sensor and the dynamic fragmentation direction are therefore to be aligned relative to one another in such a manner that the fragment sheaf covers the detected target well when it arrives there.
  • a corresponding spiral path will in the same manner also take in a shelled air target and it will therefore accept a relatively large miss distance in the case of an air target also and yet produce the effect in the target at the same time as covering very near misses also because the scanning beam of the target seeker passes this area immediately before the projectile.
  • the fragment-forming casing of the active charge preferably consists of a plate which is inclined relative to the flying direction of the projectile and which advantageously can consist of a large number of preformed heavy metal balls which are joined together with one another.
  • the type of ball sheaves which the ball plates in question give rise to is in turn determined by their shape. If the ball plates are made convex in the firing direction for example, a successively scattered ball sheaf is obtained, while a reasonably concave ball plate produces a concentrated ball sheaf.
  • the plate is inclined by more than 40° relative to the flying direction of the projectile at the same time as the priming of the explosive in the active charge arranged behind the ball plate takes place eccentrically so that the detonation front strikes the plate as close to perpendicularly as possible.
  • the balls from the ball plate are thrown out at a greater speed than that which is obtained in the case of a corresponding cylindrical casing.
  • the invention therefore affords a way of achieving a good result with unguided projectiles in spite of the use of relatively simple and imprecise fire-control systems.
  • Possible iring arrangements in which it could be of interest to make use of the invention could therefore be older automatic anti-aircraft cannon of 30-40 mm calibre and upwards, of which there is still a vary large number in service.
  • anti-tank weapons of the back-blow or counter-mass type provided with projectiles designed according to the invention could be used against helicopters and other targets which are well defined against the background.
  • the shell 1 shown in Fig. 1 comprises a rear shell body 1a with a conventional girdle 2 and an internal explosive charge 5 which, forward in the flying direction of the shell, is closed off by a fragment-forming casing in the form of a heavy metal ball plate 3 of a type known per se which is inclined relative to said flying direction.
  • the heavy metal ball plate 3 is angled obliquely with its main direction of action 4 at more than 40° relative to the flying direction of the shell 1 which coincides with its main axis.
  • a target sensor 7 Situated in front of the fragment-forming casing is also a target sensor 7, the scanning direction 7a of which is angled down parallel to the dynamic fragmentation direction, that is to say the vector sum of the fragment speed plus the shell speed, that is to say the main direction of action 4 of the fragmentation casing.
  • the front part of the shell is furthermore covered by an aerodynamically designed casing 8 which could be removed after firing in order to give the target sensor a completely free field of vision.
  • Figure 2 is intended to illustrate the use of a shell 29 of the type shown in Fig. 1 for combating ground targets.
  • the scanning beam 30 of the target sensor can be seen as a straight line while the fragmentation casing, if the main charge is detonated, produces a fragment spread which will cover a certain area in the ground plane.
  • the fragment spread can to start with be seen as a straight line 31 which represents its main direction of action, that is to say its dynamic fragmentation direction, and which coincides in the figure with the scanning beam of the target sensor.
  • the scanning beam and the main axis of the fragment sheaf which could therefore be formed at any moment if the main charge was detonated will, as a result of the rotation of the shell, follow a path 33 which runs inwards in a spiral towards the theoretical point of impact 32 of the shell 29 during the downward path into the ground plane of the latter.
  • the area of action of the shell therefore covers the entire area inside the spiral path 33. If then, as indicated in the figure, there is a target at point 34, to which the target seeker of the shell responds and therefore primes the main charge of the shell, the target and the surrounding area, here designated 35, will thus be covered by the fragments of the ball sheaf formed on detonation of the shell.
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant in the case of combating an air target with a shell of the type shown in Fig. 1.
  • the shell is shown in a first position 36a and a second position 36b in its own path 37.
  • the target seeker of the shell has a scanning angle ⁇ .
  • the line 42 which is also drawn in the figure and illustrates the scanning beam of the target seeker when the shell is situated in the position 36a has been included only in order to show that, when the shell is situated in this position, the scanning beam can never hit the target at point 39 but a target situated at a greater distance from the projectile path 37, for example at point 43, which in that case will be covered by the ball sheaf 44 with its coverage 45 around the target, in which connection, however, the fragment density and thus the effect in the target will be correspondingly reduced.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Claims (1)

  1. Projectile stabilisé de manière rotative tel qu'un projectile d'artillerie ou un missile (1 et 29) destiné à combattre des cibles terrestres et aéroportées comprenant :
    une charge explosive (5) positionnée à l'intérieur d'un corps de projectile (1a) ;
    une charge d'amorçage (6) pour allumer ladite charge explosive (5) ;
    une plaque formant des fragments (3) étant conçue de telle sorte qu'elle, lors de la détonation de ladite charge explosive (5), libère des fragments accélérés à grande vitesse pour former un faisceau cohérent dans une direction d'action principale prédéterminée ;
    un détecteur de cible (7) relié à ladite charge d'amorçage (6) et conçu pour allumer ladite charge d'amorçage (6) lorsque, en cours de vol, le détecteur a détecté une cible (34, 39 et 43) qui mérite d'être combattue, le détecteur recherchant une direction alignée à la direction dynamique d'un faisceau de fragmentation créé par ladite plaque formant des fragments
       caractérisé en ce que la direction de recherche (7a, 30, 42 et 46) dudit détecteur de cible et ladite direction de fragmentation dynamique (31, 42 et 46) de la charge active et le boítier formant des fragments sont inclinés vers, mais orientés vers l'avant par rapport à la direction de vol (32, 37) et l'axe principal du projectile, l'angle d'inclinaison étant supérieur à 40° et inférieur à 90° ;
    ledit corps de projectile (1a) est fermé par ladite plaque formant des fragments (3), ladite charge explosive (5) étant située immédiatement derrière ladite plaque formant des fragments (3) ;
    ledit détecteur de cible (7) se situe devant ladite plaque formant des fragments (3) ;
    ladite charge d'amorçage (6) se trouve excentriquement au niveau de l'extrémité arrière de ladite charge explosive (5).
EP96850096A 1996-05-17 1996-05-17 Projectile à effet de fragmentation orienté Expired - Lifetime EP0807798B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96850096A EP0807798B1 (fr) 1996-05-17 1996-05-17 Projectile à effet de fragmentation orienté
ES96850096T ES2167534T3 (es) 1996-05-17 1996-05-17 Proyectil con efecto de fragmentacion dirigido.
DE69618573T DE69618573T2 (de) 1996-05-17 1996-05-17 Geschoss mit gerichteter Splitterwirkung
AT96850096T ATE212122T1 (de) 1996-05-17 1996-05-17 Geschoss mit gerichteter splitterwirkung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96850096A EP0807798B1 (fr) 1996-05-17 1996-05-17 Projectile à effet de fragmentation orienté

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0807798A1 EP0807798A1 (fr) 1997-11-19
EP0807798B1 true EP0807798B1 (fr) 2002-01-16

Family

ID=8226114

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96850096A Expired - Lifetime EP0807798B1 (fr) 1996-05-17 1996-05-17 Projectile à effet de fragmentation orienté

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0807798B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE212122T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69618573T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2167534T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2918168B1 (fr) * 2007-06-27 2009-08-28 Nexter Munitions Sa Procede de commande du declenchement d'un module d'attaque et dispositif mettant en oeuvre un tel procede.
CN115355774A (zh) * 2022-07-28 2022-11-18 中国人民解放军63856部队 一种小口径步兵榴弹破片空间分布试验方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1453815A1 (de) * 1965-12-10 1969-02-06 Boelkow Gmbh Verfahren zum Ausloesen der Sprengladung bei einem Sprengladungsgeschoss
US3731633A (en) * 1966-10-05 1973-05-08 Us Air Force Air-to-surface missile
DE2519507A1 (de) * 1975-05-02 1976-11-18 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Munition zur bekaempfung von zielen, insbesondere flugzielen im vorbeiflug
DE3843432C2 (de) * 1988-12-23 1996-07-11 Diehl Gmbh & Co Gefechtskopf für einen nicht-ballistischen Flugkörper
DE4011243C1 (de) * 1990-04-06 1996-05-09 Diehl Gmbh & Co Gefechtskopf mit Splitterwirkung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE212122T1 (de) 2002-02-15
EP0807798A1 (fr) 1997-11-19
DE69618573T2 (de) 2002-08-08
DE69618573D1 (de) 2002-02-21
ES2167534T3 (es) 2002-05-16

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