EP0806049B1 - High-voltage circuit breaker - Google Patents

High-voltage circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0806049B1
EP0806049B1 EP95942364A EP95942364A EP0806049B1 EP 0806049 B1 EP0806049 B1 EP 0806049B1 EP 95942364 A EP95942364 A EP 95942364A EP 95942364 A EP95942364 A EP 95942364A EP 0806049 B1 EP0806049 B1 EP 0806049B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
metal tube
tube
breaker according
end portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95942364A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0806049A1 (en
Inventor
Kerstin Skogh
Peter Stengard
Ulf Akesson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB AB
Original Assignee
ABB AB
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB AB filed Critical ABB AB
Publication of EP0806049A1 publication Critical patent/EP0806049A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0806049B1 publication Critical patent/EP0806049B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/025—Terminal arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker of the kind described in the preamble to claim 1.
  • the invention is primarily intended for circuit breakers with rated operating voltages of the order of magnitude of 100-300 kV, but it may also be used to advantage in circuit breakers for voltages both above and below this range, for example in medium-voltage circuit breakers.
  • Circuit breakers of the above-mentioned kind are previously known, for example from the ABB pamphlet SESWG/B 2330 E "SF 6 Circuit-Breaker Type LTB", published in 1990.
  • the blast piston and an annular guide means for the operating rod are fixed to the lower connection flange of the circuit breaker via rods arranged parallel to the operating rod.
  • the other components included in the circuit breaker such as the movable arcing contact, the intermediate flange between the compression space (the puffer volume) and the pressure-collecting space (the self-blasting volume) etc., are fixed to the respective current path section (metal tube) by means of screw joints.
  • the invention aims to provide a circuit breaker of the above-mentioned kind which is simpler to manufacture, contains a smaller number of components, and has a lower contact resistance between the current path sections of the circuit breaker than comparable prior art circuit breakers. This is achieved according to the invention with a design which exhibits the characteristic features described in the claims.
  • the circuit breaker shown in Figure 1 has an elongated casing 10 which is made of insulating material and which is provided with an upper and a lower connection flange 11 and 12, respectively.
  • the casing contains insulating gas, for example SF 6 .
  • the contact device of the circuit breaker comprises a fixed main contact 13 which cooperates with an axially movable main contact 14, as well as a fixed plug-shaped arcing contact 15 which cooperates with an axially movable sleeve-shaped arcing contact 16.
  • the circuit breaker has a stationary upper current path section 17 in the form of a copper tube with a thickness of one or a few millimetres.
  • the lower end portion of the tube is compression-moulded and slotted so as to form a large number of contact fingers which are integrated with the tube and which constitute the fixed main contact 13 of the circuit breaker.
  • the fixed arcing contact 15 of the circuit breaker is arranged coaxially in the tube 17 and is electrically and mechanically connected thereto by means of a holder 18.
  • the movable main contact 14 of the circuit breaker consists of the upper end portion of a hollow cylinder 19 (puffer-type cylinder) in the form of a copper tube, which may have the same cross-section dimension as the copper tube 17.
  • the movable arcing contact 16 is arranged coaxially in the cylinder 19 and is electrically and mechanically connected thereto.
  • the hollow cylinder 19 encloses a pressure-collecting space 20 (the self-blasting volume), the volume of which is constant, and a compression space 21 (the puffer volume).
  • the spaces 20 and 21 are separated by an intermediate flange 22 with openings which are covered by an annular plate serving as a nonreturn valve.
  • the hollow cylinder 19 supports an electrically insulating blast nozzle 23 with an annular channel 24, which connects the pressure-collecting space 20 to the area where the arc is burning during an opening operation.
  • the hollow cylinder 19 with the movable contacts 14, 16 is connected, via an operating rod 25, to an operating device and can be displaced by means of this device between a closed position and the open position shown in Figure 1.
  • the hollow cylinder 19 surrounds the upper portion of a lower current path section 26 which is secured to the lower connection flange 12 and which consists of a copper tube with substantially the same cross-section dimension as the copper tube 17. Via sliding contact means 27, for example in the form of spiral springs of contact material, the hollow cylinder 19 is electrically connected to the lower current path section 26.
  • the compression space 21 is limited downwards by an annular blast piston 28 which surrounds the operating rod 25.
  • This piston is fixed by being pressed to the upper end portion of the copper tube 26.
  • an annular guide washer for the operating rod 25 is pressed to the tube 26.
  • the circuit breaker according to Figure 1 operates as follows:
  • the operating rod 25 is pulled downwards with the aid of the operating device, whereby the main contacts 13 and 14 are first separated.
  • the current thereby commutates over to the arcing contacts 15, 16 which, when separated, generate an arc between them.
  • the arc heats the gas in the arcing region, whereby the gas pressure increases and a gas flow through the channel 24 into the pressure-collecting space 20 is started.
  • the arc current follows the power-frequency sine curve, and when the current value approaches the zero crossing, the pressure in the arc region starts decreasing.
  • the pressure increase in the pressure-collecting space 20, generated by the arc is insufficient to achieve an efficient flow of arc-extinguishing gas.
  • the arc extinction is performed with the aid of the compression space 21, in which a pressure build-up takes place during the opening process because of the downward movement of the intermediate flange 22.
  • the pressure in the compression space 21 then becomes higher than in the pressure-collecting space 20, which causes the nonreturn valve in the intermediate flange to open and cold arc-extinguishing gas to flow from the compression space 21 via the pressure-collecting space 20 and the channel 24 to the blast nozzle 23, where the arc is cooled and extinguished.
  • Figure 2 shows separately the lower current path section 26 with a piston 28 and a guide washer 29 pressed to the section 26.
  • the pressing has been accomplished by pressing the plastically machinable material in the tube 26, for example by so-called pressure turning, into prepared grooves 31 and 32, respectively, in the piston 28 and the guide washer 29.
  • the piston 28 is also provided with grooves 33 into which tube material is pressed for forming a seat for the sliding contact means 27.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show examples of puffer-type circuit breakers where the blast piston 28 is directly integrated into the tubular lower current path 26.
  • the blast piston is here formed by inwardly arching the upper end portion of the tube 26 so as to create an annular bottom with a U-shaped profile, which may be semicircular according to Figure 3 or substantially perpendicular according to Figure 4.
  • the arched curvature imparts enormous mechanical strength to the end portion of the tube. This is particularly true of the embodiment according to Figure 3, which may be used at high pressures in the compression chamber 21.
  • the embodiment according to Figure 4 has lower strength and is therefore intended for circuit breakers dimensioned for medium-high pressures in the chamber 21.
  • the blast piston 28 is provided with openings 34 covered by an annular washer 35 which serves as a nonreturn valve and has a profile adapted to the shape of the blast piston 28.
  • an annular washer 35 which serves as a nonreturn valve and has a profile adapted to the shape of the blast piston 28.
  • the end portion of the tube is also shaped with grooves for seals 36 and 37 against the hollow cylinder 19 and the operating rod 25, respectively.
  • the embodiment of the blast piston shown in Figures 3 and 4 is not limited to use only in connection with puffer-type circuit breakers, but may be used for all types of SF 6 circuit breakers.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker of the kind described in the preamble to claim 1.
The invention is primarily intended for circuit breakers with rated operating voltages of the order of magnitude of 100-300 kV, but it may also be used to advantage in circuit breakers for voltages both above and below this range, for example in medium-voltage circuit breakers.
BACKGROUND ART
Circuit breakers of the above-mentioned kind are previously known, for example from the ABB pamphlet SESWG/B 2330 E "SF6 Circuit-Breaker Type LTB", published in 1990. In the circuit breaker shown in this publication, the blast piston and an annular guide means for the operating rod are fixed to the lower connection flange of the circuit breaker via rods arranged parallel to the operating rod. The other components included in the circuit breaker, such as the movable arcing contact, the intermediate flange between the compression space (the puffer volume) and the pressure-collecting space (the self-blasting volume) etc., are fixed to the respective current path section (metal tube) by means of screw joints.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention aims to provide a circuit breaker of the above-mentioned kind which is simpler to manufacture, contains a smaller number of components, and has a lower contact resistance between the current path sections of the circuit breaker than comparable prior art circuit breakers. This is achieved according to the invention with a design which exhibits the characteristic features described in the claims.
By integrating the blast nozzle, the guides, the intermediate flange, the arcing contact etc. by means of a pressing operation into the respective current path section, a simplified design is obtained, which results in lower manufacturing cost because of less mounting work. At the same time, the reliability of the function is increased because the number of components are reduced and the screw joints previously used are omitted.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be explained in greater detail by description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein
Figure 1
shows in axial section the central part of a first embodiment of a high-voltage circuit breaker designed according to the invention, in the open contact position,
Figures 2
shows in axial section a current path section which is included in the circuit breaker according to Figure 1,
Figure 3
shows in axial section the central part of a second embodiment of a high-voltage circuit breaker designed according to the invention, wherein the part of the figure to the left of the centre line shows the circuit breaker in the closed position, and the part of the figure to the right of the centre line shows the circuit breaker in the open position, and
Figure 4
shows, in the same way as Figure 3, a third embodiment of a circuit breaker according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The circuit breaker shown in Figure 1 has an elongated casing 10 which is made of insulating material and which is provided with an upper and a lower connection flange 11 and 12, respectively. The casing contains insulating gas, for example SF6. The contact device of the circuit breaker comprises a fixed main contact 13 which cooperates with an axially movable main contact 14, as well as a fixed plug-shaped arcing contact 15 which cooperates with an axially movable sleeve-shaped arcing contact 16.
At the upper connection flange 11 the circuit breaker has a stationary upper current path section 17 in the form of a copper tube with a thickness of one or a few millimetres. The lower end portion of the tube is compression-moulded and slotted so as to form a large number of contact fingers which are integrated with the tube and which constitute the fixed main contact 13 of the circuit breaker. The fixed arcing contact 15 of the circuit breaker is arranged coaxially in the tube 17 and is electrically and mechanically connected thereto by means of a holder 18.
The movable main contact 14 of the circuit breaker consists of the upper end portion of a hollow cylinder 19 (puffer-type cylinder) in the form of a copper tube, which may have the same cross-section dimension as the copper tube 17. The movable arcing contact 16 is arranged coaxially in the cylinder 19 and is electrically and mechanically connected thereto. The hollow cylinder 19 encloses a pressure-collecting space 20 (the self-blasting volume), the volume of which is constant, and a compression space 21 (the puffer volume). The spaces 20 and 21 are separated by an intermediate flange 22 with openings which are covered by an annular plate serving as a nonreturn valve. At its upper end, the hollow cylinder 19 supports an electrically insulating blast nozzle 23 with an annular channel 24, which connects the pressure-collecting space 20 to the area where the arc is burning during an opening operation. The hollow cylinder 19 with the movable contacts 14, 16 is connected, via an operating rod 25, to an operating device and can be displaced by means of this device between a closed position and the open position shown in Figure 1.
The hollow cylinder 19 surrounds the upper portion of a lower current path section 26 which is secured to the lower connection flange 12 and which consists of a copper tube with substantially the same cross-section dimension as the copper tube 17. Via sliding contact means 27, for example in the form of spiral springs of contact material, the hollow cylinder 19 is electrically connected to the lower current path section 26.
The compression space 21 is limited downwards by an annular blast piston 28 which surrounds the operating rod 25. This piston is fixed by being pressed to the upper end portion of the copper tube 26. In the same way, an annular guide washer for the operating rod 25 is pressed to the tube 26.
The circuit breaker according to Figure 1 operates as follows:
During a breaking operation, the operating rod 25 is pulled downwards with the aid of the operating device, whereby the main contacts 13 and 14 are first separated. The current thereby commutates over to the arcing contacts 15, 16 which, when separated, generate an arc between them. The arc heats the gas in the arcing region, whereby the gas pressure increases and a gas flow through the channel 24 into the pressure-collecting space 20 is started. As a result of this flow, the pressure in the pressure-collecting space 20 increases. The arc current follows the power-frequency sine curve, and when the current value approaches the zero crossing, the pressure in the arc region starts decreasing. The contact movement has now proceeded so far that the plug contact 15 has exposed the nozzle outlet, where the pressure is now lower than in the pressure-collecting space 20. This gives rise to a gas flow from the pressure-collecting space 20 through the channel 24 and the nozzle 23 to a surrounding expansion space 30. The arc is cooled through this flow and is extinguished during the next current zero-crossing.
When breaking relatively small currents, the pressure increase in the pressure-collecting space 20, generated by the arc, is insufficient to achieve an efficient flow of arc-extinguishing gas. In such cases, the arc extinction is performed with the aid of the compression space 21, in which a pressure build-up takes place during the opening process because of the downward movement of the intermediate flange 22. The pressure in the compression space 21 then becomes higher than in the pressure-collecting space 20, which causes the nonreturn valve in the intermediate flange to open and cold arc-extinguishing gas to flow from the compression space 21 via the pressure-collecting space 20 and the channel 24 to the blast nozzle 23, where the arc is cooled and extinguished.
Figure 2 shows separately the lower current path section 26 with a piston 28 and a guide washer 29 pressed to the section 26. The pressing has been accomplished by pressing the plastically machinable material in the tube 26, for example by so-called pressure turning, into prepared grooves 31 and 32, respectively, in the piston 28 and the guide washer 29. The piston 28 is also provided with grooves 33 into which tube material is pressed for forming a seat for the sliding contact means 27.
Figures 3 and 4 show examples of puffer-type circuit breakers where the blast piston 28 is directly integrated into the tubular lower current path 26. The blast piston is here formed by inwardly arching the upper end portion of the tube 26 so as to create an annular bottom with a U-shaped profile, which may be semicircular according to Figure 3 or substantially perpendicular according to Figure 4. The arched curvature imparts enormous mechanical strength to the end portion of the tube. This is particularly true of the embodiment according to Figure 3, which may be used at high pressures in the compression chamber 21. The embodiment according to Figure 4 has lower strength and is therefore intended for circuit breakers dimensioned for medium-high pressures in the chamber 21. The blast piston 28 is provided with openings 34 covered by an annular washer 35 which serves as a nonreturn valve and has a profile adapted to the shape of the blast piston 28. Through this nonreturn valve, the compression chamber 21 is refilled with arc-extinguishing gas from the expansion space 30 during a circuit-breaker closing. The end portion of the tube is also shaped with grooves for seals 36 and 37 against the hollow cylinder 19 and the operating rod 25, respectively.
The embodiment of the blast piston shown in Figures 3 and 4 is not limited to use only in connection with puffer-type circuit breakers, but may be used for all types of SF6 circuit breakers.

Claims (9)

  1. A high-voltage circuit breaker comprising an elongated casing (10) which is filled with a gaseous arc-extinguishing medium and provided with connection flanges (11, 12), said casing comprising a contact device with cooperating fixed and movable main and arcing contacts (13-16), the fixed contacts (13, 15) being arranged at one end portion of a first metal tube (17) secured to one connection flange (11) of the circuit breaker, whereas the movable contacts (14, 16) are arranged at one end portion of a second metal tube (19), which is connected via an operating rod (25) to an operating device and with the aid of this device is axially displaceable in the casing between a closed and an open position, wherein the second metal tube (19), via a sliding contact means (27), is permanently connected to a third metal tube (26) secured to the other connection flange (12) of the circuit breaker, and wherein the second metal tube (19) together with a blast piston (28) defines a compression space (21), characterized in that the metal tubes (17, 19, 26) are made of plastically machinable sheet material and that the blast piston (28) is integrated into the third metal tube (26) by plastic machining thereof.
  2. A circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the blast piston (28) consists of a substantially rotationally symmetrical body, which is provided with at least one groove (31) arranged around the periphery of the body and is fixed to one end portion of said third metal tube (26) by pressing the plastically machinable material in the tube into the groove.
  3. A circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the blast piston (28) consists of an inward flanging of one end portion of said third metal tube (26), shaped by plastic machining.
  4. A circuit breaker according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that an annular guide washer (29) for guiding the operating rod (25) is fixed to said third metal tube (26) by pressing the plastically machinable material in the tube into a prepared surrounding groove (32) in the washer (29).
  5. A circuit breaker according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable arcing contact (16) of the circuit breaker is supported by an annular body which, together with a blast nozzle (23), is fixed to one end portion of said second metal tube (19) by pressing a portion of the tube wall into a prepared surrounding groove in the body.
  6. A circuit breaker according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that in said second metal tube (19) there is arranged an annular intermediate flange (22) between a pressure-collecting space (20) and said compression space (21), which intermediate flange is fixed to the tube (19) by pressing a portion of the tube wall into a prepared surrounding groove in the flange.
  7. A circuit breaker according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material in said metal tubes (17, 19, 26) is copper or a copper alloy.
  8. A circuit breaker according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal tubes (17, 19, 26) are made of sheet with a thickness of at most 4 mm.
  9. A method for manufacturing a circuit breaker according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main current path of the circuit breaker is made of a number of plastically machinable, circular-cylindrical metal tubes (17, 19, 26), preferably of copper or a copper alloy, and that the blast piston (28) and any other components included in the circuit breaker are integrated into the respective metal tube by plastic machining thereof, for example by so-called pressure turning.
EP95942364A 1994-12-29 1995-12-22 High-voltage circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime EP0806049B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9404549A SE514917C2 (en) 1994-12-29 1994-12-29 High voltage switch and method for manufacturing such a switch
SE9404549 1994-12-29
PCT/SE1995/001574 WO1996021234A1 (en) 1994-12-29 1995-12-22 High-voltage circuit breaker

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0806049A1 EP0806049A1 (en) 1997-11-12
EP0806049B1 true EP0806049B1 (en) 2000-03-15

Family

ID=20396505

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95942364A Expired - Lifetime EP0806049B1 (en) 1994-12-29 1995-12-22 High-voltage circuit breaker

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0806049B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69515701T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2146793T3 (en)
SE (1) SE514917C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1996021234A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1686602A1 (en) * 2005-02-01 2006-08-02 ABB Technology AG Blast nozzle mounting means for electrical circuit breaker
EP1814132A1 (en) 2006-01-31 2007-08-01 ABB Technology AG Switching chamber for a gas-insulated high voltage circuit-breaker
CN102856114A (en) * 2011-06-29 2013-01-02 Abb技术有限公司 Dual current path for high rated currents

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2821482B1 (en) 2001-02-27 2003-04-04 Alstom CIRCUIT BREAKER INCLUDING A PISTON COMPRESSION CHAMBER DRAIN CHANNEL
DE102009009452A1 (en) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switchgear assembly with a switching path
CN104143466B (en) * 2013-09-24 2017-06-30 国家电网公司 A kind of earthed switch assembly unit and its high-speed grounding switch

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3808676A (en) * 1973-02-16 1974-05-07 Black & Decker Mfg Co Process of manufacturing an armature-piston sub-assembly
CH622377A5 (en) * 1977-12-12 1981-03-31 Sprecher & Schuh Ag
SE452924B (en) * 1986-04-22 1987-12-21 Asea Ab Puffer switch with self-produced extinguishing gas current
EP0259010B1 (en) * 1986-09-02 1990-06-20 General Motors Corporation Method of manufacturing a modular piston and piston rod assembly

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1686602A1 (en) * 2005-02-01 2006-08-02 ABB Technology AG Blast nozzle mounting means for electrical circuit breaker
WO2006081697A1 (en) * 2005-02-01 2006-08-10 Abb Technology Ag Nozzle fastening system for electric circuit-breakers
US7619177B2 (en) 2005-02-01 2009-11-17 Abb Technology Ag Nozzle fastening for electrical switching apparatus
EP1814132A1 (en) 2006-01-31 2007-08-01 ABB Technology AG Switching chamber for a gas-insulated high voltage circuit-breaker
WO2007087733A1 (en) * 2006-01-31 2007-08-09 Abb Technology Ag Switching chamber for a gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker
US7902478B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2011-03-08 Abb Technology Ag Switching chamber for a gas-insulated high-voltage switch
CN101385109B (en) * 2006-01-31 2011-09-28 Abb技术有限公司 Arc-quenching chamber for a gas-insulated high voltage circuit-breaker
CN102856114A (en) * 2011-06-29 2013-01-02 Abb技术有限公司 Dual current path for high rated currents
CN102856114B (en) * 2011-06-29 2016-10-05 Abb技术有限公司 Double-current path for high rated current

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9404549D0 (en) 1994-12-29
EP0806049A1 (en) 1997-11-12
SE9404549L (en) 1996-06-30
WO1996021234A1 (en) 1996-07-11
DE69515701D1 (en) 2000-04-20
DE69515701T2 (en) 2000-11-02
ES2146793T3 (en) 2000-08-16
SE514917C2 (en) 2001-05-14

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