EP0802742B1 - Protective helmet and chin strap attachment device therefor - Google Patents
Protective helmet and chin strap attachment device therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0802742B1 EP0802742B1 EP95943552A EP95943552A EP0802742B1 EP 0802742 B1 EP0802742 B1 EP 0802742B1 EP 95943552 A EP95943552 A EP 95943552A EP 95943552 A EP95943552 A EP 95943552A EP 0802742 B1 EP0802742 B1 EP 0802742B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fastening
- chin strap
- helmet
- fixing
- arrangement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A42—HEADWEAR
- A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
- A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
- A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
- A42B3/08—Chin straps or similar retention devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
- Y10T24/45—Separable-fastener or required component thereof [e.g., projection and cavity to complete interlock]
- Y10T24/45225—Separable-fastener or required component thereof [e.g., projection and cavity to complete interlock] including member having distinct formations and mating member selectively interlocking therewith
- Y10T24/45471—Projection having movable connection between components thereof or variable configuration
- Y10T24/45524—Projection having movable connection between components thereof or variable configuration including resiliently biased projection component or surface segment
- Y10T24/45529—Requiring manual force applied against bias to interlock or disengage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
- Y10T24/45—Separable-fastener or required component thereof [e.g., projection and cavity to complete interlock]
- Y10T24/45225—Separable-fastener or required component thereof [e.g., projection and cavity to complete interlock] including member having distinct formations and mating member selectively interlocking therewith
- Y10T24/45471—Projection having movable connection between components thereof or variable configuration
- Y10T24/45524—Projection having movable connection between components thereof or variable configuration including resiliently biased projection component or surface segment
- Y10T24/45545—Projection having movable connection between components thereof or variable configuration including resiliently biased projection component or surface segment forming total external surface of projection
- Y10T24/45581—Projection having movable connection between components thereof or variable configuration including resiliently biased projection component or surface segment forming total external surface of projection having inserted end formed by oppositely biased surface segments
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a protective helmet, and more particularly the device for fixing his chin strap.
- Protective helmets have long been in use current in different fields either professionally, as it is the case for soldiers, gendarmes or firefighters, either on a civil basis or private, as is the case for users of motorcycles or rally or racing cars.
- the current chinstrap connecting device are totally unsatisfactory, because ineffective, often unreliable, and are very inestlietic and removal or putting the helmet on is most of the time quite difficult., and it sometimes the chin strap comes off unexpectedly, the helmet then not ensuring its protective function in good conditions.
- the object of the present invention is to remedy these disadvantages, by proposing a new chin strap connection device allowing a setting up and a disconnection particularly simple and quick for the user, while ensuring retention of the reliable and certain chin strap.
- the device for fixing a chin strap to a protective helmet is of the type allowing a removable connection, device in which the chin strap attachment means are constituted by the cooperation of a fastening member integral with the chin strap intended to engage with a fastening notch secured to the helmet wall.
- the attachment member is constituted by a cylindrical profile integral a pivoting gripping lever while the hooking notch is consisting of a corresponding hollow profile.
- means are provided for lock to lock the lockable lever grip on the helmet and in particular on its side wall.
- the gripping lever is mounted pivoting on a retainer to which the strap of the jugular.
- the hollow profile constituting the notch hook is open at the top and closed at its ends by two end walls and is bounded outward by an external profile in projection serving as retaining and hooking rim and towards the wall of the helmet by a rear wall, while the retaining rim is, in its central part, interrupted by a central cutout intended for passage of the retaining end of the retaining part of the latching member.
- the notch attachment is secured to an independent border piece fixed on one of the lateral wall portions, and advantageously close to the lateral border of said lateral wall portion.
- each of its side portions of walls includes the device, which allows a total disconnection of the chinstrap, but it could be otherwise, and the helmet could for example have only one connection device removable arranged on one side only, while the chin strap would be fixed irremovable on the other side of the shell.
- the protective helmet shown as an example in Figures 1 to 18 with the general reference (1) is in particular a helmet for airplane pilot, which has a longitudinal plane of general symmetry (P) which comprises in a manner known per se a main external shell (2) having a front facial opening (3) with internal padding commonly called calotin (4).
- P longitudinal plane of general symmetry
- the main external shell (2) is constituted by a wall (5) substantially spherical with a general vertical plane of symmetry (P) which is advantageously made of composite material of the type comprising a stacking layers of reinforcing fibers, impregnated and bonded together by a resin matrix.
- the fibers can be glass fibers, aramid, nylon, polyethylene or carbon, while the matrix may be a resin of the thermosetting type or thermoplastic.
- the main external shell (2) comprises several portions of wall, namely, an upper front portion of wall (6) extended towards the rear by an upper rear wall portion (7), itself extended downwards by a lower rear wall portion (8), and furthermore comprises two lateral wall portions (9).
- the part upper front (6) corresponds to the area occupied by the front user and is limited by the upper border (10) of the opening facial (3) which, in turn, is bounded laterally by two borders side (11).
- the upper rear wall portion (7) corresponds to the area occupied by the user's skull, while the portion lower rear wall (8) corresponds to the area occupied by the neck of the user.
- the wall (5) of the cap is limited downwards by a lower border (12) extending in a plane general (Q) inclined with respect to the horizontal plane (H) to extend backward (AR) and upward (HA).
- the lateral wall portions (9) correspond to the areas occupied by the user's ears and are bounded forwards by the corresponding lateral border (11) of the facial opening (3) and down through the front ends of the border lower (12).
- the connection between the side edges (11) and the lower edge made according to a connecting edge (13) advantageously curved.
- the helmet of the invention comprises a chin strap (14) retaining removably to the lateral wall portions (9) of the shell (2) of the helmet (1) and more particularly at the connection edge (13) of each of said side wall portions (9).
- the chin strap (14) consists of a flexible strap (15) carrying at its two ends (16) a hooking member (17).
- each of the fastening members (17) is pivotally arranged on a retaining part (18) by means of a transverse axis (19).
- the retaining part (18) is a part which is substantially flat comprising a retaining end (180) carrying the axis of pivoting (19) of the hooking member (17) and an enlarged end (181) comprising the retaining and adjusting means for the strap (15) formed by two transverse cuts (182, 183) separated by a crosspiece (184), said two transverse cutouts allowing passage of the strap as is known per se.
- the attachment member (17) comprises a cylindrical profile (20) integral with a gripping lever (21).
- the cylindrical profile (20) being interrupted in its central part by a central cutout (22) for receiving the retaining end (180) of the retaining part (18) corresponding.
- the attachment member (17) of the chin strap (14) is intended to cooperate with a hooking notch (30) integral with the helmet (1) and more particularly of its main external shell (2) and in particular of its wall (5).
- the notch of attachment (30) is arranged externally to the lateral portion of wall (9) of the wall (5) of the helmet and near the wall edge (13).
- the chin strap (14) is removable and can advantageously be totally or partially disconnected from the helmet itself, as we will see later.
- the device for fixing the chinstrap is symmetrical and each of the lateral wall portions (9) therefore includes a hooking notch.
- Said hooking notch (30) is in turn constituted by a profile hollow (31) intended to cooperate with the cylindrical profile (20) of the member corresponding hooking (17).
- This hollow profile advantageously a shape complementary to the profile of the attachment member. So, this hollow profile (31) is substantially cylindrical to extend along a axis (XX ') parallel to the border (13).
- the axis (XX ') being inclined for extend upward (HA) and forward (AV) to form with horizontal (H) an angle (A) open towards the front of a value included between 30 and 60 ° and, for example, 40 °.
- the hollow profile (31) is of course open upwards and advantageously closed at its ends by two end walls (32, 33) and is limited towards the outside by a projecting external profile (34) serving as a retaining and hanging rim and towards the helmet wall by a rear wall (35).
- the retaining rim (34) is, in its part central, interrupted by a central cutout (36) intended for passage of the retaining end (180) of the retaining part (18) of the member attachment (17).
- the hooking notch (30) is arranged on the lateral portion of wall (9) and advantageously close to the lateral border (11) and more particularly of the border of connection (13).
- the attachment means are, for example, constituted by a clip-on type device or any other device. So it can be provided, and as illustrated in Figure 10a, a device of the "button type pressure "(37) one of the elements (38) of which is integral with the lever (21) of the attachment member (17) while the other element (39) is integral with the helmet or the rear wall (35) of the hollow profile (31) of the notch attachment (30).
- the hooking notch (30) for the member for attaching the chin strap (14) is secured to an edge piece independent (40) fixed to the wall of the helmet.
- This piece (40) has the form of a curved gutter and is, for example, of injected plastic fixed to the side edge of the helmet by any means such as, for example, by screws (41) and therefore includes the hooking notch (30, 31) with its end walls (32, 33) and its longitudinal walls (34, 35).
- the border piece (40) not only has the functions previously mentioned techniques but also participates in the aesthetics of the helmet.
- the gutter (40) constituting the border piece extends not only in the area of the catch notch (30) but beyond towards the connecting edge (13) to extend towards the edge lower (13) by a rear extension (401) to cover a part of this lower border, and upwards by an extension (402) to cover the side border (11).
- the border piece (40) can be adapted to retain a respiratory mask as illustrated in figure 21.
- said edge piece may include a retaining member (41 ') to which the end (42) of the retaining arm (43) of a respiratory mask (44).
- said border piece (40) might as well retain another element other than a mask respiratory, such as a microphone (440), as is illustrated in figure 24.
- the helmet according to the invention can, of course, include one or more several swiveling protective face shields such as, for example, illustrated and bearing the reference (50).
- FIGs 11 to 13 illustrate how the attachment of the jugular.
- the cylindrical profile (20) the fastening member (17) is placed in the hollow profile corresponding (30) constituting the notch for attaching the helmet (FIGS. 11 and 12).
- the user only has to do pivot the gripping lever (21) towards the wall of the helmet along V, Figure 14, to lock said lever by means of lock (37) to put the fixing device in position illustrated in Figures 13, 9, 10, 1 and 2.
- retaining the chin strap is particularly safe while allowing disconnection particularly simple for the user, who will only have to proceed conversely by first pivoting the lever (21) outwards, in order to be able to release the embedding produced by the notch (30).
- the helmet is symmetrical and includes on each side fixing means for its chin strap, this which allows total disconnection of the chin strap, as illustrated in Figure 15, or only partial, and in particular that on a right side or left as shown in Figures 16 and 17 respectively.
- the lateral wall portions (9) include advantageously projections (90) internally forming hollows intended to receive the ears of the user, this so that the rest of the wall is closer to the notch of the latter.
- the overall width (L1) of the helmet shell (2) is therefore greater than the width (L2) between the two lateral edges (11) of the facial opening as well as that between the two connection edges (13). Since the hooking notches (30) are arranged near the connection edges (13), there results that the width (L3) between them is less than the overall width (L1) of the outer shell (2).
- Means of attachment of the chin strap therefore fit within the lateral space requirement of the helmet and are thus thus protected which prevents any unwanted attachment of the lever (17) and therefore condemns any untimely triggering of the jugular.
- pivot axis (19) of the lock (17) is preferably arranged in the region of the notch locking, so that its axis (YY ') is arranged coaxially with the axis (XX ') of said housing is under the latter (XX').
- the axis (YY ') is advantageously arranged behind the retaining edge (34) of the hooking catch. So even in case of unlocking of the fastening member (17) it cannot occur accidental stall due to traction which could be exerted on the jugular.
- the device of the invention is therefore in this respect perfectly reliable.
- the hooking notch does not consist of a part attached to the helmet wall, but is an integral part of the wall, to be, for example, injected with it.
- the locking the gripping lever (21) could be done by elastic deformation of the material in which the parts are made and in particular the lever (21) which comprises a deformable projection (380).
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un casque de protection, et plus particulièrement le dispositif de fixation de sa jugulaire.The present invention relates to a protective helmet, and more particularly the device for fixing his chin strap.
Les casques de protection sont depuis fort longtemps d'un usage courant dans différents domaines soit à titre professionnel, comme c'est le cas pour les militaires, les gendarmes ou les pompiers, soit à titre civil ou privé, comme cela est le cas pour les utilisateurs de motos ou de voitures de rallye ou de course.Protective helmets have long been in use current in different fields either professionally, as it is the case for soldiers, gendarmes or firefighters, either on a civil basis or private, as is the case for users of motorcycles or rally or racing cars.
On connaít déjà des casques de protection qui sont utilisés dans différents domaines et portés par des utilisateurs divers tels que les cyclistes, les motocyclistes, les sapeurs pompiers, les skieurs et autres, tels que les pilotes d'avions ou d'hélicoptères. Tous les casques actuels, quelle que soit leur utilisation, comprennent une coque rigide externe ayant la forme générale d'une sphère, comprenant une ouverture faciale, et dont la cavité ainsi formée comprend des éléments de rembourrage de protection et de confort destinés à emboíter la tête de l'utilisateur. Par ailleurs, le casque est retenu traditionnellement sur la tête de l'utilisateur par une jugulaire souple fixée aux parties latérales du casque. Les dispositif actuels de liaison de la jugulaire sont totalement insatisfaisant, car inefficaces, souvent peu fiables, et sont très inestliétiques et le retrait ou la mis en place du casque est la plus part du temps assez difficile., et il arrive parfois que la jugulaire se décroche intempestivement, le casque alors n'assurant pas sa fonction de protection dans de bonnes conditions.We already know protective helmets that are used in different domains and worn by diverse users such as cyclists, motorcyclists, firefighters, skiers and others, such than pilots of airplanes or helicopters. All current helmets, what whatever their use, comprise an external rigid shell having the general shape of a sphere, including a facial opening, and of which the cavity thus formed comprises padding elements of protection and comfort intended to fit the head of the user. Through elsewhere, the helmet is traditionally held on the head of the user by a flexible chin strap attached to the side parts of the helmet. The current chinstrap connecting device are totally unsatisfactory, because ineffective, often unreliable, and are very inestlietic and removal or putting the helmet on is most of the time quite difficult., and it sometimes the chin strap comes off unexpectedly, the helmet then not ensuring its protective function in good conditions.
On peut citer par exemple la jugulaire décrite dans le brevet français N° 75 16001 pullié sous
le numero 2 271 781 qui comprend un cran d'accrochage destiné à être engagé dans un
creux correspondant. Mais ce type de réalisation en tant à fait incomplet et peu pratique We can quote for example the chinstrap described in the French patent N ° 75 16001 drawn under
the
La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients, en proposant un nouveau dispositif de liaison de jugulaire permettant une mise en place et une déconnexion particulièrement simple et rapide pour l'utilisateur, tout en assurant une retenue de la jugulaire fiable et certaine. The object of the present invention is to remedy these disadvantages, by proposing a new chin strap connection device allowing a setting up and a disconnection particularly simple and quick for the user, while ensuring retention of the reliable and certain chin strap.
Ainsi, selon l'invention, le dispositif de fixation d'une jugulaire à un casque de protection est du type permettant une liaison amovible, dispositif dans lequel les moyens d'accrochage de la jugulaire sont constitués par la coopération d'un organe d'accrochage solidaire de la jugulaire destiné à venir en prise avec un cran d'accrochage solidaire de la paroi du casque.Thus, according to the invention, the device for fixing a chin strap to a protective helmet is of the type allowing a removable connection, device in which the chin strap attachment means are constituted by the cooperation of a fastening member integral with the chin strap intended to engage with a fastening notch secured to the helmet wall.
Selon une caractéristique complémentaire de l'invention, l'organe d'accrochage est constitué par un profil cylindrique solidaire d'un levier de préhension pivotant tandis que le cran d'accrochage est constitué par un profil en creux correspondant.According to an additional characteristic of the invention, the attachment member is constituted by a cylindrical profile integral a pivoting gripping lever while the hooking notch is consisting of a corresponding hollow profile.
Selon une autre disposition, il est prévu des moyens de verrouillage pour verrouiller de façon déconnectable le levier de préhension au casque et notamment à sa paroi latérale.According to another provision, means are provided for lock to lock the lockable lever grip on the helmet and in particular on its side wall.
Selon un mode d'exécution, le levier de préhension est monté pivotant sur une pièce de retenue à laquelle est fixée la sangle de la jugulaire. Notons aussi, que le profil en creux constituant le cran d'accrochage est ouvert vers le haut et fermé à ses extrémités par deux parois d'extrémité et est limité vers l'extérieur par un profil externe en saillie servant de rebord de retenue et d'accrochage et vers la paroi du casque par une paroi arrière, tandis que le rebord de retenue est, dans sa partie centrale, interrompu par une découpe centrale destinée au passage de l'extrémité de retenue de la pièce de retenue de l'organe d'accrochage.According to one embodiment, the gripping lever is mounted pivoting on a retainer to which the strap of the jugular. Note also, that the hollow profile constituting the notch hook is open at the top and closed at its ends by two end walls and is bounded outward by an external profile in projection serving as retaining and hooking rim and towards the wall of the helmet by a rear wall, while the retaining rim is, in its central part, interrupted by a central cutout intended for passage of the retaining end of the retaining part of the latching member.
Selon une réalisation préférée de l'invention, le cran d'accrochage est solidaire d'une pièce de bordure indépendante fixée sur l'une des portions latérales de paroi, et avantageusement à proximité de la bordure latérale de ladite portion latérale de paroi.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the notch attachment is secured to an independent border piece fixed on one of the lateral wall portions, and advantageously close to the lateral border of said lateral wall portion.
L'invention concerne aussi, et bien entendu, le casque équipé du dispositif. Par ailleurs il faut noter qu'avantageusement chacune de ses portion latérales de parois comprend le dispositif, ce qui permet une déconnexion totale de la jugulaire, mais il pourrait en être autrement, et le casque pourrait n'avoir par exemple qu'un seul dispositif de liaison amovible disposé d'un coté seulement, alors que la jugulaire serait fixée de façon inamovible de l'autre coté du caque. The invention also relates, of course, to the helmet equipped with the device. Furthermore, it should be noted that advantageously each of its side portions of walls includes the device, which allows a total disconnection of the chinstrap, but it could be otherwise, and the helmet could for example have only one connection device removable arranged on one side only, while the chin strap would be fixed irremovable on the other side of the shell.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention se dégageront
de la description qui va suivre en regard des dessins annexés qui ne sont
donnés qu'à titre d'exemples non limitatifs.
Le casque de protection représenté à titre d'exemple aux figures 1 à 18 portant la référence générale (1) est notamment un casque pour pilote d'avion, qui présente un plan longitudinal de symétrie générale (P) qui comprend de façon connue en soi une coque externe principale (2) présentant une ouverture faciale avant (3) avec un rembourrage interne appelé communément calotin (4).The protective helmet shown as an example in Figures 1 to 18 with the general reference (1) is in particular a helmet for airplane pilot, which has a longitudinal plane of general symmetry (P) which comprises in a manner known per se a main external shell (2) having a front facial opening (3) with internal padding commonly called calotin (4).
La coque externe principale (2) est constituée par une paroi (5) sensiblement sphérique de plan général vertical de symétrie (P) qui est réalisée avantageusement en matériau composite du type comprenant un empilage de couches de fibres de renfort, imprégnées et liées entre elles par une matrice en résine. Les fibres peuvent être des fibres de verre, d'aramide, de Nylon, de polyéthylène ou de carbone, tandis que la matrice peut être une résine du type thermodurcissable ou thermoplastique.The main external shell (2) is constituted by a wall (5) substantially spherical with a general vertical plane of symmetry (P) which is advantageously made of composite material of the type comprising a stacking layers of reinforcing fibers, impregnated and bonded together by a resin matrix. The fibers can be glass fibers, aramid, nylon, polyethylene or carbon, while the matrix may be a resin of the thermosetting type or thermoplastic.
La coque externe principale (2) comprend plusieurs portions de paroi, à savoir, une portion avant supérieure de paroi (6) prolongée vers l'arrière par une portion arrière supérieure de paroi (7), elle-même prolongée vers le bas par une portion arrière inférieure de paroi (8), et comprend, par ailleurs, deux portions latérales de paroi (9). La portion avant supérieure (6) correspond à la zone occupée par le front de l'utilisateur et est limitée par la bordure supérieure (10) de l'ouverture faciale (3) qui, quant à elle, est limitée latéralement par deux bordures latérales (11). La portion arrière supérieure de paroi (7) correspond à la zone occupée par la boíte crânienne de l'utilisateur, tandis que la portion arrière inférieure de paroi (8) correspond à la zone occupée par la nuque de l'utilisateur. Ajoutons à cela que la paroi (5) de la calotte est limitée vers le bas par une bordure inférieure (12) s'étendant dans un plan général (Q) incliné par rapport au plan horizontal (H) pour s'étendre vers l'arrière (AR) et vers le haut (HA). Les portions latérales de paroi (9) correspondent aux zones occupées par les oreilles de l'utilisateur et sont limitées vers l'avant par la bordure latérale correspondante (11) de l'ouverture faciale (3) et vers le bas par les extrémités avant de la bordure inférieure (12). Le raccordement entre les bordures latérales (11) et la bordure inférieure se faisant selon une bordure de raccordement (13) avantageusement courbe.The main external shell (2) comprises several portions of wall, namely, an upper front portion of wall (6) extended towards the rear by an upper rear wall portion (7), itself extended downwards by a lower rear wall portion (8), and furthermore comprises two lateral wall portions (9). The part upper front (6) corresponds to the area occupied by the front user and is limited by the upper border (10) of the opening facial (3) which, in turn, is bounded laterally by two borders side (11). The upper rear wall portion (7) corresponds to the area occupied by the user's skull, while the portion lower rear wall (8) corresponds to the area occupied by the neck of the user. Add to this that the wall (5) of the cap is limited downwards by a lower border (12) extending in a plane general (Q) inclined with respect to the horizontal plane (H) to extend backward (AR) and upward (HA). The lateral wall portions (9) correspond to the areas occupied by the user's ears and are bounded forwards by the corresponding lateral border (11) of the facial opening (3) and down through the front ends of the border lower (12). The connection between the side edges (11) and the lower edge made according to a connecting edge (13) advantageously curved.
Le casque de l'invention comprend une jugulaire (14) retenue de façon amovible aux portions latérales de paroi (9) de la coque (2) du casque (1) et plus particulièrement à la bordure de raccordement (13) de chacune desdites portions latérales de paroi (9).The helmet of the invention comprises a chin strap (14) retaining removably to the lateral wall portions (9) of the shell (2) of the helmet (1) and more particularly at the connection edge (13) of each of said side wall portions (9).
La jugulaire (14) est constituée par une sangle souple (15) portant à ses deux extrémités (16) un organe d'accrochage (17). Selon une disposition de l'invention, chacun des organes d'accrochage (17) est disposé pivotant sur une pièce de retenue (18) par l'intermédiaire d'un axe transversal (19). La pièce de retenue (18) est une pièce sensiblement plate comprenant une extrémité de retenue (180) portant l'axe de pivotement (19) de l'organe d'accrochage (17) et une extrémité élargie (181) comprenant les moyens de retenue et de réglage pour la sangle (15) constitués par deux découpes transversales (182, 183) séparées par une traverse (184), lesdites deux découpes transversales permettant le passage de la sangle comme cela est connu en soi.The chin strap (14) consists of a flexible strap (15) carrying at its two ends (16) a hooking member (17). According to one arrangement of the invention, each of the fastening members (17) is pivotally arranged on a retaining part (18) by means of a transverse axis (19). The retaining part (18) is a part which is substantially flat comprising a retaining end (180) carrying the axis of pivoting (19) of the hooking member (17) and an enlarged end (181) comprising the retaining and adjusting means for the strap (15) formed by two transverse cuts (182, 183) separated by a crosspiece (184), said two transverse cutouts allowing passage of the strap as is known per se.
L'organe d'accrochage (17) comprend un profil cylindrique (20) solidaire d'un levier de préhension (21). Le profil cylindrique (20) étant interrompu dans sa partie centrale par une découpe centrale (22) destinée à recevoir l'extrémité de retenue (180) de la pièce de retenue (18) correspondante. The attachment member (17) comprises a cylindrical profile (20) integral with a gripping lever (21). The cylindrical profile (20) being interrupted in its central part by a central cutout (22) for receiving the retaining end (180) of the retaining part (18) corresponding.
L'organe d'accrochage (17) de la jugulaire (14) est destiné à coopérer avec un cran d'accrochage (30) solidaire du casque (1) et plus particulièrement de sa coque externe principale (2) et notamment de sa paroi (5). Selon une disposition avantageuse de l'invention, le cran d'accrochage (30) est disposé extérieurement à la portion latérale de paroi (9) de la paroi (5) du casque et à proximité de la bordure de paroi (13). Notons que la jugulaire (14) est amovible et peut avantageusement être totalement ou partiellement déconnectée du casque proprement dit, comme nous le verrons plus loin. A cet effet, le dispositif de fixation de la jugulaire est symétrique et chacune des portions latérales de paroi (9) comprend donc un cran d'accrochage.The attachment member (17) of the chin strap (14) is intended to cooperate with a hooking notch (30) integral with the helmet (1) and more particularly of its main external shell (2) and in particular of its wall (5). According to an advantageous arrangement of the invention, the notch of attachment (30) is arranged externally to the lateral portion of wall (9) of the wall (5) of the helmet and near the wall edge (13). Note that the chin strap (14) is removable and can advantageously be totally or partially disconnected from the helmet itself, as we will see later. To this end, the device for fixing the chinstrap is symmetrical and each of the lateral wall portions (9) therefore includes a hooking notch.
Ledit cran d'accrochage (30) est quant à lui constitué par un profil creux (31) destiné à coopérer avec le profil cylindrique (20) de l'organe d'accrochage (17) correspondant. Ce profil en creux a avantageusement une forme complémentaire au profil de l'organe d'accrochage. Ainsi, ce profil en creux (31) est sensiblement cylindrique pour s'étendre selon un axe (XX') parallèle à la bordure (13). L'axe (XX') étant incliné pour s'étendre vers le haut (HA) et vers l'avant (AV) pour former avec l'horizontale (H) un angle (A) ouvert vers l'avant d'une valeur comprise entre 30 et 60 ° et, par exemple, 40 °.Said hooking notch (30) is in turn constituted by a profile hollow (31) intended to cooperate with the cylindrical profile (20) of the member corresponding hooking (17). This hollow profile advantageously a shape complementary to the profile of the attachment member. So, this hollow profile (31) is substantially cylindrical to extend along a axis (XX ') parallel to the border (13). The axis (XX ') being inclined for extend upward (HA) and forward (AV) to form with horizontal (H) an angle (A) open towards the front of a value included between 30 and 60 ° and, for example, 40 °.
Le profil creux (31) est bien entendu ouvert vers le haut et avantageusement fermé à ses extrémités par deux parois d'extrémité (32, 33) et est limité vers l'extérieur par un profil externe en saillie (34) servant de rebord de retenue et d'accrochage et vers la paroi du casque par une paroi arrière (35). Le rebord de retenue (34) est, dans sa partie centrale, interrompu par une découpe centrale (36) destinée au passage de l'extrémité de retenue (180) de la pièce de retenue (18) de l'organe d'accrochage (17). Notons que le cran d'accrochage (30) est disposé sur la portion latérale de paroi (9) et avantageusement à proximité de la bordure latérale (11) et plus particulièrement de la bordure de raccordement (13).The hollow profile (31) is of course open upwards and advantageously closed at its ends by two end walls (32, 33) and is limited towards the outside by a projecting external profile (34) serving as a retaining and hanging rim and towards the helmet wall by a rear wall (35). The retaining rim (34) is, in its part central, interrupted by a central cutout (36) intended for passage of the retaining end (180) of the retaining part (18) of the member attachment (17). Note that the hooking notch (30) is arranged on the lateral portion of wall (9) and advantageously close to the lateral border (11) and more particularly of the border of connection (13).
Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, il est prévu entre le casque et l'organe d'accrochage des moyens de verrouillage déconnectables permettant d'assurer à la jugulaire un accrochage au casque particulièrement sûr évitant ainsi tout décrochage intempestif, mais permettant bien entendu un décrochage volontaire particulièrement simple. Ainsi, les moyens d'accrochage sont, par exemple, constitués par un dispositif du type à clipsage ou tout autre dispositif. Il peut donc être prévu, et comme cela est illustré à la figure 10a, un dispositif du type à "bouton pression" (37) dont l'un des éléments (38) est solidaire du levier (21) de l'organe d'accrochage (17) tandis que l'autre élément (39) est solidaire du casque ou de la paroi arrière (35) du profil en creux (31) du cran d'accrochage (30).According to a characteristic of the invention, it is provided between the helmet and the latching means of the locking means disconnectable to ensure the chinstrap hooking to the particularly safe helmet thus avoiding any untimely stalling, but of course allowing a particularly voluntary dropout simple. Thus, the attachment means are, for example, constituted by a clip-on type device or any other device. So it can be provided, and as illustrated in Figure 10a, a device of the "button type pressure "(37) one of the elements (38) of which is integral with the lever (21) of the attachment member (17) while the other element (39) is integral with the helmet or the rear wall (35) of the hollow profile (31) of the notch attachment (30).
Selon l'invention, le cran d'accrochage (30) pour l'organe d'accrochage de la jugulaire (14) est solidaire d'une pièce de bordure indépendante (40) fixée à la paroi du casque. Cette pièce (40) a la forme d'une gouttière courbe et est, par exemple, en matière plastique injectée fixée à la bordure latérale du casque par tout moyen comme, par exemple, par des vis (41) et comprend donc le cran d'accrochage (30, 31) avec ses parois d'extrémité (32, 33) et ses parois longitudinales (34, 35). Notons que la pièce de bordure (40) a non seulement les fonctions techniques évoquées précédemment mais participe aussi à l'esthétique du casque. Ainsi, la gouttière (40) constituant la pièce de bordure s'étend non seulement dans la zone du cran d'accrochage (30) mais au-delà vers la bordure de raccordement (13) pour s'étendre vers la bordure inférieure (13) par un prolongement arrière (401) pour recouvrir une partie de cette bordure inférieure, et vers le haut par un prolongement (402) pour recouvrir la bordure latérale (11).According to the invention, the hooking notch (30) for the member for attaching the chin strap (14) is secured to an edge piece independent (40) fixed to the wall of the helmet. This piece (40) has the form of a curved gutter and is, for example, of injected plastic fixed to the side edge of the helmet by any means such as, for example, by screws (41) and therefore includes the hooking notch (30, 31) with its end walls (32, 33) and its longitudinal walls (34, 35). Note that the border piece (40) not only has the functions previously mentioned techniques but also participates in the aesthetics of the helmet. Thus, the gutter (40) constituting the border piece extends not only in the area of the catch notch (30) but beyond towards the connecting edge (13) to extend towards the edge lower (13) by a rear extension (401) to cover a part of this lower border, and upwards by an extension (402) to cover the side border (11).
Par ailleurs, la pièce de bordure (40) peut être adaptée pour retenir un masque respiratoire tel que cela est illustré à la figure 21. A cet effet, ladite pièce de bordure peut comprendre un organe de retenue (41') sur laquelle peut être fixée l'extrémité (42) du bras de retenue (43) d'un masque respiratoire (44). Par ailleurs, ladite pièce de bordure (40) pourrait tout aussi bien retenir un autre élément autre qu'un masque respiratoire, comme par exemple, un microphone (440), comme cela est illustré à la figure 24. Furthermore, the border piece (40) can be adapted to retain a respiratory mask as illustrated in figure 21. At this indeed, said edge piece may include a retaining member (41 ') to which the end (42) of the retaining arm (43) of a respiratory mask (44). Furthermore, said border piece (40) might as well retain another element other than a mask respiratory, such as a microphone (440), as is illustrated in figure 24.
Le casque selon l'invention peut, il va de soi, comporter un ou plusieurs écran(s) faciaux de protection pivotants tel que, par exemple, illustré et portant la référence (50).The helmet according to the invention can, of course, include one or more several swiveling protective face shields such as, for example, illustrated and bearing the reference (50).
Les figures 11 à 13 illustrent comment est opéré l'accrochage de la jugulaire. Pour ce faire, dans un premier temps, le profil cylindrique (20) de l'organe d'accrochage (17) est mis en place dans le profil en creux correspondant (30) constituant le cran d'accrochage du casque (figures 11 et 12). Afin de verrouiller l'accrochage, l'utilisateur n'a plus qu'à faire pivoter le levier de préhension (21) vers la paroi du casque selon V, figure 14, pour venir verrouiller ledit levier grâce au moyen de verrouillage (37) pour mettre le dispositif de fixation dans la position illustrée aux figures 13, 9, 10, 1 et 2. Dans cette position, la retenue de la jugulaire est particulièrement sûre tout en permettant une déconnexion particulièrement simple pour l'utilisateur, qui n'aura qu'à procéder inversement en faisant tout d'abord pivoter le levier (21) vers l'extérieur, afin de pouvoir libérer l'encastrement réalisé par le cran (30).Figures 11 to 13 illustrate how the attachment of the jugular. To do this, first, the cylindrical profile (20) the fastening member (17) is placed in the hollow profile corresponding (30) constituting the notch for attaching the helmet (FIGS. 11 and 12). In order to lock the snap, the user only has to do pivot the gripping lever (21) towards the wall of the helmet along V, Figure 14, to lock said lever by means of lock (37) to put the fixing device in position illustrated in Figures 13, 9, 10, 1 and 2. In this position, retaining the chin strap is particularly safe while allowing disconnection particularly simple for the user, who will only have to proceed conversely by first pivoting the lever (21) outwards, in order to be able to release the embedding produced by the notch (30).
Selon une disposition préférée, le casque est symétrique et comprend de chaque côté des moyens de fixation pour sa jugulaire, ce qui permet la déconnexion totale de la jugulaire, comme cela est illustré à la figure 15, ou seulement partielle, et notamment que d'un côté droit ou gauche tel que cela est représenté respectivement aux figures 16 et 17.According to a preferred arrangement, the helmet is symmetrical and includes on each side fixing means for its chin strap, this which allows total disconnection of the chin strap, as illustrated in Figure 15, or only partial, and in particular that on a right side or left as shown in Figures 16 and 17 respectively.
Notons que les portions latérales de paroi (9) comprennent avantageusement des saillies (90) formant intérieurement des creux destinés à recevoir les oreilles de l'utilisateur, ceci afin que le reste de la paroi soit plus près du cran de ce dernier. La largeur (L1) hors tout de la coque (2) du casque est donc supérieure à la largeur (L2) entre les deux bordures latérales (11) de l'ouverture faciale ainsi que celle entre les deux bordures de raccordement (13). Étant donné que les crans d'accrochage (30) sont disposés à proximité des bordures de raccordement (13), il en résulte que la largeur (L3) entre elles est inférieure à la largeur hors tout (L1) de la coque externe (2). Les moyens d'accrochage de la jugulaire s'inscrivent donc à l'intérieur de l'encombrement latéral du casque et sont donc ainsi protégés ce qui empêche tout accrochage non désiré du levier (17) et condamme donc tout déclenchement intempestif de la jugulaire.Note that the lateral wall portions (9) include advantageously projections (90) internally forming hollows intended to receive the ears of the user, this so that the rest of the wall is closer to the notch of the latter. The overall width (L1) of the helmet shell (2) is therefore greater than the width (L2) between the two lateral edges (11) of the facial opening as well as that between the two connection edges (13). Since the hooking notches (30) are arranged near the connection edges (13), there results that the width (L3) between them is less than the overall width (L1) of the outer shell (2). Means of attachment of the chin strap therefore fit within the lateral space requirement of the helmet and are thus thus protected which prevents any unwanted attachment of the lever (17) and therefore condemns any untimely triggering of the jugular.
Il convient aussi de noter que le pivotement de la jugulaire (14) tel qu'illustré par la double flèche R de la figure 1 est empêché par le fait que l'extrémité de retenue (180) de la pièce de retenue (18) est engagée dans la découpe centrale (36) réalisée dans le rebord de retenue (34) comme on peut le voir plus particulièrement aux figures 1, 9, 10a et 10b.It should also be noted that the pivoting of the chin strap (14) as illustrated by the double arrow R in figure 1 is prevented by the fact that the retaining end (180) of the retaining part (18) is engaged in the central cutout (36) made in the retaining rim (34) as can be seen more particularly in Figures 1, 9, 10a and 10b.
Notons aussi que l'axe (19) de pivotement de l'organe de verrouillage (17) est disposé de préférence dans la zone du cran de verrouillage, de telle sorte que son axe (YY') soit disposé coaxialement à l'axe (XX') dudit logement soit sous ce dernier (XX').Note also that the pivot axis (19) of the lock (17) is preferably arranged in the region of the notch locking, so that its axis (YY ') is arranged coaxially with the axis (XX ') of said housing is under the latter (XX').
On notera donc que l'axe (YY') est avantageusement disposé derrière le rebord de retenue (34) du cran d'accrochage. Ainsi, même en cas de déverrouillage de l'organe d'accrochage (17) il ne peut se produire de décrochage intempestif du à la traction qui pourrait s'exercer sur la jugulaire. Le dispositif de l'invention est donc à cet égard parfaitement fiable.It should therefore be noted that the axis (YY ') is advantageously arranged behind the retaining edge (34) of the hooking catch. So even in case of unlocking of the fastening member (17) it cannot occur accidental stall due to traction which could be exerted on the jugular. The device of the invention is therefore in this respect perfectly reliable.
Il va de soi que tout autre mode d'exécution est envisageable comme, par exemple, celui illustré schématiquement par les figures 22 et 23. Selon celui-ci, le cran d'accrochage n'est pas constitué par une pièce indépendante fixée à la paroi du casque, mais fait partie intégrante de la paroi, pour être, par exemple, injecté avec celle-ci. Par ailleurs, le verrouillage du levier de préhension (21) pourrait se faire par déformation élastique de la matière dans laquelle sont réalisées les pièces et notamment le levier (21) qui comprend une saillie déformable (380).It goes without saying that any other mode of execution is possible. as, for example, that schematically illustrated by FIGS. 22 and 23. According to this one, the hooking notch does not consist of a part attached to the helmet wall, but is an integral part of the wall, to be, for example, injected with it. In addition, the locking the gripping lever (21) could be done by elastic deformation of the material in which the parts are made and in particular the lever (21) which comprises a deformable projection (380).
Ajoutons que la surface de la pièce ou bordure (40) en coopération avec la paroi de la coque est importante, ce qui permet de faire liaison par colle, ce qui présente, bien entendu, une amélioration de résistance par diminution des risques de déchirure du tissu de la paroi. En effet, l'usage de rivet ou de vis nécessiterait des perçages qui créeraient des zones de risques de rupture. On a donc, grâce à une liaison par collage, rendue possible une meilleure répartition des efforts sur la coque et donc permis de pouvoir réaliser une coque avec moins de tissu mais offrant toujours la même qualité de sécurité.Add that the surface of the part or border (40) in cooperation with the shell wall is important, which allows bond with glue, which of course presents an improvement in resistance by reducing the risk of tearing the wall tissue. Indeed, the use of rivets or screws would require drilling which would create rupture risk zones. So we have, thanks to a link by bonding, made possible a better distribution of forces on the shell and therefore allowed to be able to make a hull with less fabric but always offering the same quality of security.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés à titre d'exemples, mais elle comprend aussi tous les équivalents techniques ainsi que leurs combinaisons.Of course, the invention is not limited to the modes of realization described and represented as examples, but it includes also all technical equivalents and their combinations.
Claims (15)
- Arrangement for fixing a chin strap (14) to a protective helmet (1) having a main outer shell (2) of the type comprising detachable and separable fastening means for its chin strap (14) formed by the cooperation of a fastening member (17) integral to the chin strap (14) and comprising a hollow profile for engagement with a fastening catch (30) integral to a wall (2) of said shell and formed by a hollow profile (31) corresponding to that of the fastening member (17), characterised in that the fastening profile is integral to a pivoting gripping lever (21).
- Arrangement for fixing a chin strap (14) to a protective helmet (1) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the gripping lever (21) with the fastening member (17) is assembled on a retaining portion (18), on which the strap (15) of the chin strap (14) is held, to be articulated around an axis (19, YY').
- Arrangement for fixing a chin strap (14) to a protective helmet (1) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the hollow profile (31) comprising the fastening catch (30) is open to the top and is outwardly defined by an external projecting profile (34) serving as retaining and fastening edge.
- Arrangement for fixing a chin strap (14) to a protective helmet (1) according to Claim 3, characterised in that the axis (YY', 19) is disposed behind the retaining edge (34) of the fastening catch.
- Arrangement for fixing a chin strap (14) to a protective helmet (1) according to Claim 4, characterised in that the fastening member (17) is a cylindrical profile of axis (YY'), while the fastening catch is formed by a corresponding hollow cylindrical profile of axis (XX').
- Arrangement for fixing a chin strap (14) to a protective helmet (1) according to Claim 5, characterized in that the axis (YY') of the cylindrical fastening profile is essentially coaxial to the pivot axis (19) and the axis (XX') of the hollow profile (31).
- Arrangement for fixing a chin strap (14) to a protective helmet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in its central portion, the retaining edge (34) is interrupted by a central cutout section (36) intended for the retaining end (180) of the retaining portion (18) of the fastening member (17) to pass through.
- Arrangement for fixing a chin strap (14) to a protective helmet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that locking means (37) are provided to inseparably lock the gripping lever (21) to the helmet (1), in particular to its wall (2).
- Arrangement for fixing a chin strap (14) to a protective helmet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow profile (31) forming the fastening catch (30) is closed at its two ends by two end walls (32, 33).
- Arrangement for fixing a chin strap (14) to a protective helmet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow profile (31) forming the fastening catch (30) is defined in the direction of the wall of the helmet by a rear wall (35) comprising the locking means (37) of the lever.
- Arrangement for fixing a chin strap (14) to a protective helmet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening catch (30) is integral to an independent portion of edging (40) fixed to the wall (2) of the helmet (1).
- Protective helmet (1) comprising at least one fixing arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, said helmet comprising a main external shell (2) having two lateral wall portions (9), characterized in that the fastening catch (30) of the arrangement for fixing the chin strap is disposed on one of the lateral wall portions (9).
- Protective helmet (1) according to Claim 12, characterized in that the fastening catch (30) is close to the lateral edging (11, 13) of the lateral wall portion (9).
- Protective helmet (1) according to Claims 12 and 13, characterized in that the fastening catch (30) is formed by an independent portion of edging (40) fixed to the edging of the helmet.
- Protective helmet (1) according to any one of Claims 12 to 14, characterized in that it has an arrangement for fixing the chin strap.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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FR9500339 | 1995-01-09 | ||
FR9500339A FR2729058B1 (en) | 1995-01-09 | 1995-01-09 | PROTECTIVE HELMET AND ITS CHAIN FIXING DEVICE |
PCT/FR1995/001760 WO1996021369A1 (en) | 1995-01-09 | 1995-12-29 | Protective helmet and chin strap attachment device therefor |
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EP0802742A1 EP0802742A1 (en) | 1997-10-29 |
EP0802742B1 true EP0802742B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 |
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EP95943552A Expired - Lifetime EP0802742B1 (en) | 1995-01-09 | 1995-12-29 | Protective helmet and chin strap attachment device therefor |
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EP (1) | EP0802742B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100399369B1 (en) |
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US3225401A (en) * | 1964-06-23 | 1965-12-28 | Davis Frank Louis | Adjustable belt buckle with safety catch |
NL7406933A (en) * | 1974-05-22 | 1975-11-25 | Coenen Willem Frans | HELMET SPECIAL FOR MOTORCYCLES AND MOPED RIDERS. |
FR2354724A1 (en) * | 1976-06-02 | 1978-01-13 | Renault | FASTENING AND QUICK-ADJUSTING SECURITY BUCKLE ESPECIALLY FOR PROTECTIVE HELMETS |
DE7818728U1 (en) * | 1978-06-22 | 1978-09-28 | Hans Roemer Gmbh + Co, 7910 Neu-Ulm | Hard hat with chin strap |
IT8022317V0 (en) * | 1980-07-16 | 1980-07-16 | Nava Pier Luigi | DEVICE FOR FASTENING THE HELMET BELT AND SIMILAR. |
JPS6225146Y2 (en) * | 1980-09-29 | 1987-06-27 | ||
US4398306A (en) * | 1981-05-28 | 1983-08-16 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Chin strap safety attachment for protective headgear |
IT1146332B (en) * | 1981-10-14 | 1986-11-12 | Mpa Mecc Plastica Agordina | PERFECT ATTACHMENT WITH SNAP LACING FOR STRAP HELMET OF PROTECTIVE HELMET |
DE3300277A1 (en) * | 1983-01-07 | 1984-07-12 | Battelle-Institut E.V., 6000 Frankfurt | Chin-strap fastener for crash helmets |
JPH046569Y2 (en) * | 1986-05-15 | 1992-02-24 | ||
US5203034A (en) * | 1986-08-22 | 1993-04-20 | Artur Foehl | Operating device for protective helmets |
FR2629719B1 (en) * | 1988-04-07 | 1991-03-08 | Intertechnique Sa | DEVICE FOR FIXING A RESPIRATORY MASK ON A HELMET |
JPH0630008Y2 (en) * | 1988-06-25 | 1994-08-17 | 吉田工業株式会社 | Locking device |
US4897888A (en) * | 1988-12-07 | 1990-02-06 | Bell Bicycles, Inc. | Helmet strap clip, and assembly |
-
1995
- 1995-01-09 FR FR9500339A patent/FR2729058B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-12-29 US US08/860,466 patent/US5915538A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-29 EP EP95943552A patent/EP0802742B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-29 DE DE69510088T patent/DE69510088T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-29 ES ES95943552T patent/ES2135112T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-29 AU AU44895/96A patent/AU4489596A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-12-29 DK DK95943552T patent/DK0802742T3/en active
- 1995-12-29 BR BR9510188A patent/BR9510188A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-29 CZ CZ19972161A patent/CZ287466B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-29 WO PCT/FR1995/001760 patent/WO1996021369A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-12-29 KR KR1019970704577A patent/KR100399369B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-29 AT AT95943552T patent/ATE180633T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-29 PL PL95321295A patent/PL178093B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-09-01 GR GR990402222T patent/GR3031137T3/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GR3031137T3 (en) | 1999-12-31 |
PL321295A1 (en) | 1997-12-08 |
US5915538A (en) | 1999-06-29 |
CZ287466B6 (en) | 2000-12-13 |
DE69510088D1 (en) | 1999-07-08 |
WO1996021369A1 (en) | 1996-07-18 |
FR2729058B1 (en) | 1997-03-14 |
BR9510188A (en) | 1997-12-23 |
FR2729058A1 (en) | 1996-07-12 |
ATE180633T1 (en) | 1999-06-15 |
EP0802742A1 (en) | 1997-10-29 |
MX9705133A (en) | 1998-07-31 |
CZ216197A3 (en) | 1997-10-15 |
AU4489596A (en) | 1996-07-31 |
DK0802742T3 (en) | 1999-12-27 |
KR100399369B1 (en) | 2003-12-24 |
PL178093B1 (en) | 2000-02-29 |
DE69510088T2 (en) | 2000-01-20 |
ES2135112T3 (en) | 1999-10-16 |
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