EP0802701B1 - Heizkabel mit variablem Leistungsbegrenzer - Google Patents

Heizkabel mit variablem Leistungsbegrenzer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0802701B1
EP0802701B1 EP19960303335 EP96303335A EP0802701B1 EP 0802701 B1 EP0802701 B1 EP 0802701B1 EP 19960303335 EP19960303335 EP 19960303335 EP 96303335 A EP96303335 A EP 96303335A EP 0802701 B1 EP0802701 B1 EP 0802701B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heater wire
insulating material
core
heating cable
yarn
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19960303335
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0802701A2 (de
EP0802701A3 (de
Inventor
Glenwood Franklin Heizer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0802701A2 publication Critical patent/EP0802701A2/de
Publication of EP0802701A3 publication Critical patent/EP0802701A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0802701B1 publication Critical patent/EP0802701B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
    • H05B3/56—Heating cables

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electrical heating cable.
  • the present invention provides an improved parallel zone heating cable with enhanced flexibility and shortened zone length, and preferably positive temperature coefficient characteristics.
  • Parallel zone heating cables are known per se and are in common usage in the heat tracing industry.
  • two or three insulated bus wires also called electrode wires
  • They may be solid or stranded, and are typically insulated with PVC, FEP, TPR or any other known and temperature rated conventional insulation.
  • the insulated bus wires are jacketed with a further layer of insulating material, which is provided to maintain the bus wires in a parallel, untwisted configuration as is necessary for further processing.
  • the resulting jacketed bus wire construction is referred to as a core.
  • bus wire The insulation over short, one to two inch sections of bus wire is then skived off, at alternating sites from one bus wire to the next along the length of the core, to expose the metal bus wire.
  • a layer of fibreglass may then be wound over the heater wire, to secure and cushion the heater wire, and the entire construction is then jacketed with an electrically insulating layer.
  • the cable described above has been in common use for a number of years and under most conditions will function quite well.
  • the heater wire that has traditionally been utilized has been a monofilament wire, and under conditions of rough handling or rapid heat cycling, it tends to break, causing a zone (being the distance between two alternative sites on the core where the insulation has been skived) to lose electrical continuity and its heating ability.
  • a small number of zone failures is not considered fatal to a cable, since a zone will be heated by the preceding and following functioning zones, but a larger number of zone failures will necessitate removal of the affected cable.
  • US 5 245 161 describes a heating cable as described in the preamble of Claim 1.
  • the object of the present invention in view of the foregoing, is to provide a parallel zone electrical heating cable that is very flexible, and able to withstand rough handling and rapid heat cycling, with minimum zone failure.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide such a heating cable with a short zone length, since it is desired to have a short zone length, as this will minimise the impact of zone failure.
  • the objects of the present invention are substantially net, and the defects of the prior art overcome, by utilizing a different form of heating element, one that is less susceptible to kinking or breaking.
  • the applicant has designed a heating element in the form of an elongated resistor core.
  • a length of fibreglass or other insulating yarn having good flexibility is provided, and a thin resistive wire is helically wound around same, fairly tightly.
  • the resulting elongated resistor core will exhibit a fairly high resistance measured in ohms/linear metre (foot), since it utilizes a much greater length of heater wire, wrapped helically around the fibreglass yearn, that the final length of resistor core, which will be about equal to the length of fibreglass yarn utilized in the core.
  • the elongated resistor core even though tightly wrapped, will exhibit much more pronounced limpness than a monofilament heating wire of necessarily thicker gauge. This limpness serves to eliminate breakage due to kinking of the heater wire, and also to eliminate chevroning.
  • the innovative design of the elongated resistor core may be more rapidly cycled, without damage, than previous designs.
  • the yarn core absorbs and cushions the contraction of the heater wire.
  • the heater wire's contraction is substantially uncushioned, resulting in both breakage of the wire, and stretching of the wire. Stretching of the wire causes both chevroning, and looseness resulting in poor electrical contact with the electrode wires.
  • a fibreglass (or other insulating yarn) layer is braided over the resistor core after it is wound around the electrode wires. A final insulating layer is then applied.
  • the present invention relates to a heating cable, including: (a) a pair of elongated electrode wires, each of said wires being coated with a first layer of insulating material, said first layer of insulating material being at least partially stripped off selected ones of said wires at spaced, alternating locations; (b) a resistive heater wire which together with a yarn of fibrous insulating material is spirally wound around said electrode wires whereby said heater wire is brought into electrical contact with said selected ones of said electrode wires at said alternating locations, to electrically connect said alternating locations with said resistive heater wire; (c) a second layer of an insulating material over said resistive heater wire and insulating material forming an outer surface for said cable.
  • the resistive heater wire is characterised in that it is wound helically around the yarn of fibrons insulating material, said yarn forming an elongated core, the core being spirally wound around said selected ones of said electrode wires.
  • prior art parallel zone heating cables provide a pair of bus wires 1, coated with insulation 2.
  • the pair of insulated bus wires is then coated, while in a parallel state, with an insulator coat 3.
  • the insulating coats 2 and 3 are stripped off of the bus wire, then the metal of the other bus wire, and so on.
  • a heater wire 5 is then wound around the alternately stripped core to make electrical contact with the bus wires 1, to create heating circuits between the bus wires, corresponding to the distance between stripped locations on the bus wires.
  • a fibreglass layer 6, which may be a woven braid or helically applied yarn, may then served over the heater wire.
  • a final layer of insulation 7 is then extruded over the fibreglass layer, yielding a finished product.
  • the present invention provides a different construction to achieve an end result that shares many basic characteristics of known parallel zone heating cables, but is an improvement over same.
  • a similar core of parallel, untwisted and insulated 2 bus wires 1 is coated with an insulating jacket 3, and stripped at alternating locations 4.
  • a heater wire 5 (see Figure 1) is then wound directly over the bus wire core
  • a heater wire 9 (see Figure 2A) is wound over a fibreglass or other insulating core 10, and then the heater wire/fibreglass combination 9/10 is wound over the bus wire core.
  • a fibreglass layer 11 may be braided over the heater wire/fibreglass combination, as shown in Figure 5.
  • the heater wire 9 utilized in the present invention may be of very much smaller diameter than that of the prior art.
  • This feature combined with the cushioning effect of the fibreglass core 10 provides a heating element combination that is very flexible and supple.
  • such a combination because of the cushioning effect of fibreglass core 10, is capable of withstanding mechanical impacts associated with an individual installation environment and rapid heat and cooling cycles without breakage, unlike the heater wire of the prior art, that is wound directly onto the fairly unyielding bus wire core.
  • a greater length of heater wire 9 is utilized, helically wrapped around a fibreglass core 10, equivalent heating characteristics with much shorter zone lengths are possible.
  • This construction results in a cable having technical specifications that meet or exceed industry standards, with short zones and good impact resistance, as well as superior ability to withstand rapid heating cycling without breaking down.
  • Bus wire 1 may be any desired, single or multi strand wire, as will be obvious to one skilled in the art.
  • Insulating layers 2, 3, 7 may be FEP, PTFE, PFA, TPR, PVC, fibreglass, ceramic fibre, or any other suitable insulation.
  • Heater wire 9 may be AWG 30 to AWG 48, and insulating core 10, as well as being fibreglass, may be polypropylene, polyester, ceramic fibres, or other suitable temperature rated material.
  • the selection of heater wire 9 will depend on the desired characteristics and the intended use of the cable.
  • a heater wire exhibiting positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTC) is used, and in this regard, a minimum 60% nickel wire is desirable.
  • the balance may be chrome, copper, or iron, or a combination thereof.
  • 70% nickel to 99% nickel, remainder iron, alloy is utilized.

Landscapes

  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Heizkabel, umfassend:
    (a) ein Paar langgestreckte Elektrodendrähte (1) deren jeder mit einer ersten Schicht aus isolierendem Material (2, 3) überzogen ist, wobei die erste Lage aus isolierendem Material wenigstens teilweise von ausgewählten Drähten an abwechselnden, im gegenseitigen Abstand befindlichen Stellen (4) abgestreift ist;
    (b) einen Widerstandsheizdraht (9), der zusammen mit einem Garn (10) aus faserigem isolierendem Material spiralig um die genannten Elektroden aufgewickelt ist, wobei der Widerstandsheizdraht mit den genannten ausgewählten Elektrodendrähten an den genannten abwechselnden Stellen in elektrischen Kontakt gebracht ist, um die genannten abwechselnden Stellen elektrisch an den Widerstandsheizdraht anzuschließen;
    und
       (c) eine zweite Lage (7) aus einem isolierenden Material über den Widerstandsheizdraht und dem isolierenden Material zum Bilden einer Außenfläche des Kabels; dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Widerstandsheizdraht schraubenlinienförmig um das genannte Garn von faserigem isolierendem Material herumgewickelt ist und das Garn einen langgestreckten Kern (10) bildet, der seinerseits spiralig um die genannten ausgewählten Stellen der Elektrodendrähte spiralig herumgewickelt ist.
  2. Heizkabel nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Kern (20) des isolierenden Materiales, um welchen der Widerstandsheizdraht (9) herumgewickelt ist, ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe umfassend Glasfaser, Polypropylen, Polyester, Keramikfasern und anderen isolierenden Fasern.
  3. Heizkabel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei der Widerstandsheizdraht (9) ein Draht mit einem positiven Widerstandstemperaturkoeffizienten ist.
  4. Heizkabel nach Anspruch 3, wobei der Widerstandsheizdraht (9) eine Legierung ist, die wenigstens 60 % Nickel enthält und der Rest Chrom, Kupfer, Eisen oder eine Kombination hiervon ist.
  5. Heizkabel nach Anspruch 4, wobei der Heizdraht zwischen 70 und 99 % Nickel enthält, und der Rest Eisen oder ähnliche Metalle ist.
  6. Heizkabel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die abwechselnden Stellen 4 der ausgewählten Elektrodendrähte, von denen die erste Lage der Isolation abgestreift ist, einen gegenseitigen Abstand von 0,45 bis 1,83 m (18 bis 72 Zoll) aufweisen.
  7. Heizkabel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, weiterhin umfassend eine Lage 11 aus einem Garn aus faserigem Isolationsmaterial, aufgebracht auf den Heizwiderstandsdraht (9) zusammen mit dem Kern (20).
  8. Heizkabel nach Anspruch 7, wobei die Lage (11) aus einem Garn aus faserigem isolierendem Material Glasfaser, Polyester oder ein ähnliches Garn ist, das satt auf dem Widerstandsheizdraht (9) und den Kern (20) aufgebracht ist.
EP19960303335 1996-04-19 1996-05-13 Heizkabel mit variablem Leistungsbegrenzer Expired - Lifetime EP0802701B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2174615 1996-04-19
CA 2174615 CA2174615A1 (en) 1996-04-19 1996-04-19 Variable power limiting heat tracing cable

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0802701A2 EP0802701A2 (de) 1997-10-22
EP0802701A3 EP0802701A3 (de) 1997-11-19
EP0802701B1 true EP0802701B1 (de) 2000-02-02

Family

ID=4158030

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19960303335 Expired - Lifetime EP0802701B1 (de) 1996-04-19 1996-05-13 Heizkabel mit variablem Leistungsbegrenzer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0802701B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2174615A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69606519T2 (de)
RU (1) RU2180772C2 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10107429B4 (de) * 2001-02-16 2005-09-29 Thermon Europe B.V. Heizkabel mit Mehrschichtaufbau
FR2921194B1 (fr) * 2007-09-18 2010-03-12 Acome Soc Coop Production Cable autoregulant a comportement ctp et a puissance electrique modulable, son connecteur, un dispositif les comprenant et utilisation de ce dernier
DE102014214461A1 (de) * 2014-07-23 2016-01-28 Leoni Kabel Holding Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrischen Leitung, elektrische Leitung sowie Kraftfahrzeug-Bordnetz mit einer entsprechenden elektrischen Leitung
US9881715B2 (en) 2014-08-21 2018-01-30 Trent Jason Pederson Heated extension cord
CN107071936B (zh) * 2017-05-19 2023-04-28 佛山市高明毅力温控器有限公司 带编织网的绝缘电热线和电源线连接结构及其制造方法
US20190226751A1 (en) 2018-01-25 2019-07-25 Zoppas Industries De Mexico S.A., De C.V. Sheathed Fiberglass Heater Wire
CN109688640B (zh) * 2019-01-29 2021-10-26 安徽环瑞电热器材有限公司 一种三层共挤伴热电缆及其制备系统
CN113571238B (zh) * 2021-07-22 2023-04-07 安邦电气股份有限公司 一种船用耐腐蚀伴热电缆

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT309616B (de) * 1970-07-14 1973-08-27 Bleckmann & Co Elektrischer Heizkörper und mit ihm ausgestattetes Heizgerät
US3859506A (en) * 1973-06-15 1975-01-07 Sola Basic Ind Inc Constant wattage heating element
US4100673A (en) * 1977-05-05 1978-07-18 Leavines Joseph E Method of making high temperature parallel resistance pipe heater
US5245161A (en) * 1990-08-31 1993-09-14 Tokyo Kogyo Boyeki Shokai, Ltd. Electric heater
SU1823175A1 (ru) * 1990-10-08 1996-04-20 Донецкий государственный медицинский институт им.М.Горького Способ доступа к сонным артериям при злокачественных опухолях челюстно-лицевой области

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2180772C2 (ru) 2002-03-20
EP0802701A2 (de) 1997-10-22
EP0802701A3 (de) 1997-11-19
DE69606519T2 (de) 2000-10-19
DE69606519D1 (de) 2000-03-09
CA2174615A1 (en) 1997-10-20

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