EP0802561B1 - Halogen lamp - Google Patents

Halogen lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0802561B1
EP0802561B1 EP97105626A EP97105626A EP0802561B1 EP 0802561 B1 EP0802561 B1 EP 0802561B1 EP 97105626 A EP97105626 A EP 97105626A EP 97105626 A EP97105626 A EP 97105626A EP 0802561 B1 EP0802561 B1 EP 0802561B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pinch
incandescent lamp
halogen incandescent
lamp according
luminous element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97105626A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0802561A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Dr. Noll
Roland Stark
Josef Bauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE29607132U external-priority patent/DE29607132U1/en
Priority claimed from DE29620098U external-priority patent/DE29620098U1/en
Application filed by Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH filed Critical Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Publication of EP0802561A1 publication Critical patent/EP0802561A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0802561B1 publication Critical patent/EP0802561B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/62—One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the lamp
    • H01K1/66—One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the lamp with built-in fuse
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/50—Means forming part of the tube or lamps for the purpose of providing electrical connection to it
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/50—Means forming part of the tube or lamps for the purpose of providing electrical connection to it
    • H01J5/54—Means forming part of the tube or lamps for the purpose of providing electrical connection to it supported by a separate part, e.g. base
    • H01J5/58—Means for fastening the separate part to the vessel, e.g. by cement
    • H01J5/60—Means for fastening the separate part to the vessel, e.g. by cement for fastening by mechanical means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/40—Leading-in conductors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a halogen lamp according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • Such a halogen incandescent lamp is known from US Pat. No. 4,132,922. At these lamps may because of the high operating voltage (approx. 110 up to 240 V) an arc discharge between the two adjacent Form power supply lines. The power supplies and especially the Foils can heat up so much that the adjacent one Crimp seal can no longer conduct the heat sufficiently. In the final stage this can cause the piston to explode.
  • the lamp therefore contains an inherent fuse in the form of a U-shaped wire bracket, which means an additional film is embedded in the pinch.
  • halogen lamp with inherent fuse is from DE-GM 91 02 566 known.
  • the power supplies here consist of simply coiled Sections embedded in the bruise, the Core area leaves a tube-like cavity, which serves as a blow-out channel works in the event that an arc forms.
  • the disadvantage is that When squeezing, care must be taken to ensure that the cavity reliably arises.
  • the particular value of the invention is that it is extremely reliable Backup can be achieved without special additional measures that can also be produced very easily. With a suitable choice of dimensions the internal power supply and the geometry in the area of This will reliably extinguish any arc.
  • An arc arises from a short circuit between coil parts. This is often caused by touching between two spiral legs (mainly for U- or V-shaped lamps) or by breaking the filament wire, in each case in lamp operation. Another The cause is the burning of the filament at one end of life critical thin spot (hot spot), which usually happens when switching on.
  • the coil material can burn off partially and eventually one Arc between the two power supplies along the Cause crushing edge. So high temperatures in the Contusions occur that the lamp explodes.
  • At least one of the internal power supply lines must not be used be a solid wire, but should at most have a diameter of Own 130 ⁇ m.
  • the invention is therefore suitable for medium-voltage lamps where wire diameters between 100 and 130 ⁇ m are frequently used. Especially it is well suited for high-voltage lamps using Wires that are less than 80 ⁇ m thick.
  • the deletion mechanism is based on part of the wire material evaporated in the bruise and a free capillary with the Leaves the diameter of the power supply.
  • the discharge burns in first this capillary further. From an effective length of the free capillary of The losses of the discharge plasma through recombination become approx. 2 mm on the wall of the capillary, however, so large that the discharge very quickly goes out by itself.
  • This mechanism works within one Time of the order of less than 2 ms, ie within one Fraction of a half wave of the usual alternating frequency (50 to 60 Hz) of the Network.
  • This narrow capillary also causes that for a typical The usual high current density of 500 A and more is not reached can be.
  • the discharge is not only weak in current, but also time and current limited. It expires at the latest when the zero crossing is reached. A reignition of the arc on the next half wave of the alternating current is practically ruled out, since it is still known require more favorable discharge conditions than when starting for the first time would.
  • a specific advantage of a coiled wire compared to one Single helix also lies in the fact that the mass of those formed from it Power supply essential for the same length embedded in the pinch is less. The evaporation of the wire material in the capillary therefore progresses much faster. The arc goes out earlier and the response time of the inherent fuse is much shorter than that of other fuses. In addition, the one brought into the arc Energy significantly smaller.
  • uncoiled wire also refers to a wire understood, which was originally simply spiraled, but which was drawn out has been created, so that an elongated spirally wound wire is formed.
  • the pitch is typically 10 to 100 times the wire diameter.
  • the wire does not yet have its original spiral shape lost, but the turns so far apart that in In contrast to the prior art, no tubular cavity in the Squeezing creates more. With the same squeezed length of the inner As a result, the really housed wire length is clear from the power supply longer than with a completely uncoiled piece of wire in which the really housed wire length identical to the crimped Wire length is.
  • the minimum length of the internal power supply in the pinch is 2 mm. in the generally this length is between 2 and 4 mm.
  • the application of the deletion mechanism described above is then useful if the distance d between the power supplies and the adjacent Voltage V interact so that in the event of an occurring Arc, the field strength V / d acting there is greater than 100 V / cm.
  • the field strength of the lamps according to the invention is usually between 200 and 400 V / cm. There is no need for lamps with a lower field strength for this type of security, since there is the arch through other mechanisms safely deletes.
  • Typical values for the distance between the two power supplies are 5 to 8 mm.
  • the lamps according to the invention can be used, in particular, to make extremely small ones Achieve overall lengths of 75 mm and less, regardless of whether bayonet base or screw base can be used.
  • a particularly short one Overall length of the order of 60 mm can be used with a Achieve bayonet bases as there is no restriction on the reduction of the Minimum length as with a screw thread has to be considered.
  • the inner power supply preferably has a diameter of more than 15 ⁇ m.
  • the filament and the internal power supply can be made as a unit from a single wire, i.e. the inner Power supplies are the uncoiled filament ends.
  • the inner Power supplies are the uncoiled filament ends.
  • the fuse arrangement described here works differently than previously known, by usually already within the first half-wave after the Arc the operating conditions for the continued existence of the arc be undercut.
  • the arc, once created, goes out so quickly that heating of the foils and the crushing is hardly detectable.
  • the temperature increase is no more than 5 ° C.
  • the filament can be U-, V- or Be W-shaped.
  • both are inner Power supplies as uncoiled sections.
  • one of the two power supplies be an uncoiled wire section.
  • this embodiment can applied to lamps pinched on one side with an axial filament are mostly operated at mains voltages of around 110 V. become. Only the one adjacent to the pinch is advantageous here Filament end via a power supply in the form of an uncoiled Section connected to the sealing film. The other power supply which is guided as a frame wire to the end distant from the pinch is is a solid wire.
  • the luminous element is in subdivided several luminous sections, each by non-luminous Sections are divided.
  • quartz glass should preferably be understood to mean quartz glass with an SiO 2 content of at least 94% by weight (for example Vycor®).
  • the filament is held preferably by means of heat-resistant holding means that defy an arc can, for example, a solid wire frame or glass webs that the material of the piston.
  • the lamp according to the invention can be produced inexpensively because less Components are needed and the production is particularly well automated can be.
  • halogen lamp with a long service life (2000 Hours) for general lighting, which is improved Operational safety and a previously unattained compactness.
  • the lamp according to the invention is suitable for direct operation Mains voltage, which means a range from 80 V to 250 V. should. It is provided with a suitable base. For example they can be equipped with a screw or pin or bayonet base. Typical Watt levels are 25 to 150 W. For general lighting purposes, the lamp squeezed on one side can be surrounded by an outer bulb. Due to its compactness, this lamp can also be used advantageously in reflectors (e.g. PAR (Parabolic Aluminized Reflector) lamps, aluminum-coated reflector lamps, cold light reflector lamps) be used.
  • PAR Parabolic Aluminized Reflector
  • Fig. 1 shows a halogen incandescent lamp 1 for general lighting purposes with a power of 75 W, which is suitable for direct connection to the 230 V network. It has a cylindrical piston 2 made of quartz glass with an outer diameter of approximately 12.5 mm with an inner diameter of 10.5 mm (with a tolerance of 0.8 mm) and a total length of approximately 60 mm (previously 86 mm). One end of the piston 2 is shaped into a dome 3 which has a pump tip 4 in the center. The other end of the piston is closed with a pinch seal 5 to which a bayonet base 16 is attached.
  • the flask with a volume of 1.65 cm 3 is filled with an inert gas mixture of 80% Kr and 20% N2, to which a halogen addition of 0.005% CBrClF 2 is added.
  • the maximum outside diameter of the lamp is 18 mm.
  • the luminous element 6 is held by a frame 9, which consists of a support wire made of tungsten with a diameter of approx. 280 pm.
  • the frame 9 is essentially bent in a plane containing the lamp axis in such a way that between his two legs 10 and 11, which are axially parallel to each other lie opposite to the inner wall 12 of the piston, a cross member 13 extends that spans the inner diameter of the piston. Further Frame parts are designated by the reference numerals 14a to 14f.
  • the ends of the two luminous spiral sections 8 go into short, about 4 mm long, uncoiled sections 19, which serve as internal power supplies act.
  • the inner power supply lines 19 are in the Pinch seal 5 melted over a length of 3 mm and there Sealing films 20 made of molybdenum welded.
  • the wire diameter of the Filament and the power supply is 36 ⁇ m.
  • contact pins 21 are welded on the end of the pinch seal 5 protrude outwards and with the contact warts 17 are connected to the bayonet base 16.
  • Fig. 2 the structure of which is essentially corresponds to the first embodiment, it is a 230 V lamp with a power between 25 and 60 W, the total length 70 mm (instead of about 90 mm previously). Only the filament included the power supply is dimensioned differently. The wire diameter is around 15 to 45 ⁇ m depending on the performance.
  • the filament 25 is bent in a U-shape. The two led parallel to the lamp axis Legs of the filament are themselves in turn doubled luminous sections 26 subdivided, each by simply coiled Sections 27 are interconnected. Even the connecting part 28 of the U is simply spiraled. It is close to the lamp axis Pump tip 24 arranged. Its ends are angled by 90 ° and extend each turn into a section 26.
  • the luminous element becomes oval Fixed glass web 30, which is formed from the material of the cob.
  • the connecting part 28 is squeezed in the glass web 30.
  • the filament 25 in the area of the simply coiled sections 27 each fixed a further glass web 31, which has a circular cross section.
  • a screw base 32 is fastened to the pinch seal 29 of the piston, the contact surfaces 33 in a known manner, but without intermediate Fuses, via lead wires 34 to the outer contact pins 35 of the piston are connected.
  • Fig. 3 shows a reflector lamp 40 with an operating voltage of 230 V and a power of 50 W.
  • the built-in lamp 41 itself is similar to that in FIG. 2 built up. It has an outer diameter of approx. 13 mm. For better Compactification, it has only a single glass web 42, the area the piston top sits. In this way, it only has an overall length of 38 mm, calculated from the pinch to the pump tip.
  • the lamp can therefore in a very compact reflector 43 made of glass with an outer diameter of 50 mm can be accommodated.
  • a perforated disc 44 made of sheet metal at the level of the pinch approach 45.
  • the reflector tapers towards the reflector neck 46 to an outer diameter of 20 mm. Its total length is 49 mm. It also has an effect the shown spiral design with two short parallel legs 47 that are close stand together, advantageously on the light distribution in the reflector. The dimensions of the two spiral legs are approx. 0.5 x 9.5 mm.
  • the reflector lamp has a to shorten the overall length Reflector neck directly molded glass base 48. This essentially consists from a flat end surface 49 at the end of the reflector neck.
  • the outer Power leads 50 of the recessed lamp are through two openings guided outside and crimped into two contact pin sleeves 51.
  • the contact pin sleeves themselves are riveted into the openings.
  • the principle of this glass base is similar to the glass base described in DE-GM 82 34 509.
  • this reflector incandescent lamp takes place of the glass base is a conventional screw base or bayonet base.
  • FIG. 3 has particular advantages over known ones Reflector lamps because both the number of components (now six Components, formerly ten components including intermediate part) as well as the Assembly technology can be significantly simplified. The new product can therefore be manufactured much cheaper and time-saving.
  • the cover plate can also be used be dispensed with if the quartz glass is known per se Is doped to ensure the necessary UV protection.
  • the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown.
  • it is also suitable for halogen incandescent lamps for mains operation to 110 V.
  • the two spiral sections can again be divided.
  • the impact resistance of the filament can be increased Measures to be further improved.
  • the filling can also come from others constituents known per se, e.g. can be added as halogen CH2Br2 can be used.
  • the wire rack tube-like holder made of quartz glass (glass webs) to fix the light fixture formed from the material of the piston can be used.
  • the luminous element is arranged axially and the power supply that leads to its pinch-side end, melted into the crush as an uncoiled section.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous for halogen bulbs pinched on one side thought with small power (25 to 75 W), because here in particular using a glass or. Bayonet bases have the space-saving effect of the invention is most effective.

Landscapes

  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)
  • Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Halogenglühlampe nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a halogen lamp according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Eine derartige Halogenglühlampe ist aus der US-PS 4 132 922 bekannt. Bei diesen Lampen kann sich u.U. wegen der hohen Betriebsspannung (ca. 110 bis 240 V) eine Bogenentladung zwischen den beiden benachbart liegenden Stromzuführungen ausbilden. Die Stromzuführungen und insbesondere die Folien können sich dadurch so stark aufheizen, daß die angrenzende Quetschdichtung die Wärme nicht mehr genügend ableiten kann. Im Endstadium kann dies zur Explosion des Kolbens führen. Die Lampe enthält daher eine inhärente Sicherung in Form eines U-förmigen Drahtbügels, der mittels einer zusätzlichen Folie in die Quetschung eingebettet ist.Such a halogen incandescent lamp is known from US Pat. No. 4,132,922. At these lamps may because of the high operating voltage (approx. 110 up to 240 V) an arc discharge between the two adjacent Form power supply lines. The power supplies and especially the Foils can heat up so much that the adjacent one Crimp seal can no longer conduct the heat sufficiently. In the final stage this can cause the piston to explode. The lamp therefore contains an inherent fuse in the form of a U-shaped wire bracket, which means an additional film is embedded in the pinch.

Eine weitere Halogenglühlampe mit inhärenter Sicherung ist aus dem DE-GM 91 02 566 bekannt. Die Stromzuführungen bestehen hier aus einfach gewendelten Abschnitten, die in die Quetschung eingebettet sind, wobei deren Kernbereich einen schlauchartigen Hohlraum beläßt, der als Ausblaskanal wirkt für den Fall, daß sich ein Lichtbogen bildet. Nachteilig ist jedoch, daß beim Quetschvorgang sorgfältig darauf geachtet werden muß, daß der Hohlraum zuverlässig entsteht.Another halogen lamp with inherent fuse is from DE-GM 91 02 566 known. The power supplies here consist of simply coiled Sections embedded in the bruise, the Core area leaves a tube-like cavity, which serves as a blow-out channel works in the event that an arc forms. The disadvantage, however, is that When squeezing, care must be taken to ensure that the cavity reliably arises.

Eine andere Lösung des Problems wird in der DE-OS 31 10 395 vorgeschlagen, nämlich eine zusätzliche sogenannte Thermosicherung im Quetschbereich einer einseitig oder zweiseitig gequetschten Halogenglühlampe vorzusehen. Im wesentlichen handelt es sich um einen Hohlraum, der im Bereich der Quetschung ausgespart ist, und durch den die innere Stromzuführung über einen Teil ihrer Länge geführt ist. Dadurch, daß die Stromzuführung nicht im Glas eingebettet ist, erhitzt sich die Stromzuführung sehr schnell und schmilzt durch. Diese Methode ist jedoch sehr aufwendig, da eine Quetschung mit ausgespartem Hohlraum nur auf sehr komplizierte Weise hergestellt werden kann. Diese Technik ist zudem bei kleinen Lampen nicht anwendbar, da der ausgesparte Hohlraum zu viel Platz beanspruchen würde. Bei einseitig gequetschten Lampen kann aus Stabilitätsgründen nur eine der beiden Stromzuführungen mit dieser Thermosicherung ausgestattet werden, so daß die Herstellung der Quetschung sehr kompliziert ist.Another solution to the problem is proposed in DE-OS 31 10 395, namely an additional so-called thermal fuse in the crushing area a halogen lamp pinched on one or two sides. It is essentially a cavity in the area the pinch is spared, and through which the internal power supply is guided over part of its length. Because the power supply is not embedded in the glass, the power supply heats up very quickly and melts through. However, this method is very complex because it is crushed with a recessed cavity produced only in a very complicated way can be. This technique is also not applicable to small lamps, because the recessed cavity would take up too much space. In the case of lamps pinched on one side, only one of the both power supplies can be equipped with this thermal fuse, making the bruise very complicated.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, bei einer Halogenglühlampe nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 die Herstellung zu vereinfachen und eine hohe Betriebssicherheit dieser Lampen zu gewährleisten.It is an object of the invention in a halogen incandescent lamp according to the preamble of claim 1 to simplify the manufacture and high operational reliability to ensure these lamps.

Diese Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungen finden sich in den Unteransprüchen.This object of the invention is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1 solved. Particularly advantageous designs can be found in the subclaims.

Der besondere Wert der Erfindung liegt darin, daß eine extrem zuverlässige Sicherung ohne besondere zusätzliche Maßnahmen erzielt werden kann, die zudem sehr einfach hergestellt werden kann. Bei geeigneter Wahl der Abmessungen der inneren Stromzuführung und der Geometrie im Bereich der Quetschung wird nämlich ein etwaiger Lichtbogen zuverlässig gelöscht.The particular value of the invention is that it is extremely reliable Backup can be achieved without special additional measures that can also be produced very easily. With a suitable choice of dimensions the internal power supply and the geometry in the area of This will reliably extinguish any arc.

Ein Lichtbogen entsteht durch einen Kurzschluß zwischen Wendelteilen. Dieser wird häufig hervorgerufen durch Berühren zwischen zwei Wendelschenkeln (hauptsächlich bei U- oder V-förmig gebogenen Leuchtkörpern) oder durch Bruch des Wendeldrahts, jeweils im Lampenbetrieb. Eine andere Ursache ist am Lebensdauerende das Durchbrennen der Wendel an einer kritischen dünnen Stelle (hot spot), was meist beim Einschaltvorgang passiert. Das Wendelmaterial kann teilweise abbrennen und schließlich einen Lichtbogen zwischen den beiden Stromzuführungen entlang der Quetschkante verursachen. Dabei können so hohe Temperaturen in der Quetschung auftreten, daß die Lampe explodiert.An arc arises from a short circuit between coil parts. This is often caused by touching between two spiral legs (mainly for U- or V-shaped lamps) or by breaking the filament wire, in each case in lamp operation. Another The cause is the burning of the filament at one end of life critical thin spot (hot spot), which usually happens when switching on. The coil material can burn off partially and eventually one Arc between the two power supplies along the Cause crushing edge. So high temperatures in the Contusions occur that the lamp explodes.

Ein zuverlässiges Löschen des Lichtbogens läßt sich mit folgender Anordnung erzielen: Zumindest eine der inneren Stromzuführungen darf keinesfalls ein massiver Draht sein, sondern soll höchstens einen Durchmesser von 130 µm besitzen. Die Erfindung eignet sich daher für Mittelvoltlampen, wo häufig Drahtdurchmesser zwischen 100 und 130 µm verwendet werden. Besonders gut geeignet ist sie für Hochvolt-Lampen unter Verwendung von Drähten, die weniger als 80 µm dick sind.The following arrangement can be used to reliably extinguish the arc achieve: At least one of the internal power supply lines must not be used be a solid wire, but should at most have a diameter of Own 130 µm. The invention is therefore suitable for medium-voltage lamps where wire diameters between 100 and 130 µm are frequently used. Especially it is well suited for high-voltage lamps using Wires that are less than 80 µm thick.

Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß bei einem derart dünnen, voll eingequetschten Draht der Löschungsmechanismus darauf basiert, daß ein Teil des Drahtmaterials in der Quetschung verdampft und eine freie Kapillare mit dem Durchmesser der Stromzuführung beläßt. Die Entladung brennt zunächst in dieser Kapillare weiter. Ab einer effektiven Länge der freien Kapillare von ca. 2 mm werden die Verluste des Entladungsplasmas durch Rekombination an der Wand der Kapillare jedoch so groß, daß die Entladung sehr schnell von selbst zum Erlöschen kommt. Dieser Mechanismus wirkt innerhalb einer Zeit von der Größenordnung von weniger als 2 ms, also innerhalb eines Bruchteils einer Halbwelle der üblichen Wechselfrequenz (50 bis 60 Hz) des Netzes. Diese enge Kapillare bewirkt außerdem, daß die für einen typischen Lichtbogen übliche hohe Stromdichte von 500 A und mehr nicht erreicht werden kann. Die Entladung ist also nicht nur stromschwach, sondern auch zeit- und strombegrenzt. Sie erlischt spätestens mit Erreichen des Nulldurchgangs. Ein Wiederzünden des Lichtbogens bei der nächstfolgenden Halbwelle des Wechselstroms ist praktisch ausgeschlossen, da es bekanntlich noch günstigere Entladungsbedingungen als bei der erstmaligen Zündung erfordern würde.It has been found that such a thin, fully squeezed Wire the deletion mechanism is based on part of the wire material evaporated in the bruise and a free capillary with the Leaves the diameter of the power supply. The discharge burns in first this capillary further. From an effective length of the free capillary of The losses of the discharge plasma through recombination become approx. 2 mm on the wall of the capillary, however, so large that the discharge very quickly goes out by itself. This mechanism works within one Time of the order of less than 2 ms, ie within one Fraction of a half wave of the usual alternating frequency (50 to 60 Hz) of the Network. This narrow capillary also causes that for a typical The usual high current density of 500 A and more is not reached can be. The discharge is not only weak in current, but also time and current limited. It expires at the latest when the zero crossing is reached. A reignition of the arc on the next half wave of the alternating current is practically ruled out, since it is still known require more favorable discharge conditions than when starting for the first time would.

Ein spezifischer Vorteil eines ungewendelten Drahtes im Vergleich zu einem Einfachgewendel liegt auch darin, daß die Masse der daraus gebildeten Stromzuführung bei gleicher in der Quetschung eingebetteter Länge wesentlich geringer ist. Die Verdampfung des Drahtmaterials in der Kapillare schreitet daher wesentlich schneller voran. Der Lichtbogen erlischt früher und die Ansprechzeit der inhärenten Sicherung ist wesentlich kürzer als bei anderen Sicherungen. Außerdem ist die in den Lichtbogen eingebrachte Energie erheblich kleiner.A specific advantage of a coiled wire compared to one Single helix also lies in the fact that the mass of those formed from it Power supply essential for the same length embedded in the pinch is less. The evaporation of the wire material in the capillary therefore progresses much faster. The arc goes out earlier and the response time of the inherent fuse is much shorter than that of other fuses. In addition, the one brought into the arc Energy significantly smaller.

Unter dem Begriff "ungewendelter Draht" wird im folgenden auch ein Draht verstanden, der ursprünglich einfach gewendelt war, der aber langgezogen worden ist, so daß ein langgezogener spiralig gewundener Draht entsteht. Typisch ist dabei die Steigung das 10- bis 100-fache des Drahtdurchmessers. Der Draht hat dann seine ursprüngliche Spiralform zwar noch nicht vollständig verloren, aber die Windungen so weit auseinandergezogen, daß im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik kein schlauchartiger Hohlraum beim Quetschen mehr entsteht. Bei gleicher eingequetschten Länge der inneren Stromzuführung ist die wirklich untergebrachte Drahtlänge dadurch deutlich länger als bei einem vollständig ungewendelten Drahtstück, bei dem die wirklich untergebrachte Drahtlänge identisch mit der eingequetschten Drahtlänge ist.In the following, the term "uncoiled wire" also refers to a wire understood, which was originally simply spiraled, but which was drawn out has been created, so that an elongated spirally wound wire is formed. The pitch is typically 10 to 100 times the wire diameter. The wire does not yet have its original spiral shape lost, but the turns so far apart that in In contrast to the prior art, no tubular cavity in the Squeezing creates more. With the same squeezed length of the inner As a result, the really housed wire length is clear from the power supply longer than with a completely uncoiled piece of wire in which the really housed wire length identical to the crimped Wire length is.

Um ein zuverlässiges Ansprechen der Sicherung zu gewährleisten beträgt die Mindestlänge der inneren Stromzuführung in der Quetschung 2 mm. Im allgemeinen beträgt diese Länge zwischen 2 und 4 mm.To ensure that the fuse responds reliably the minimum length of the internal power supply in the pinch is 2 mm. in the generally this length is between 2 and 4 mm.

Die Anwendung des oben beschriebenen Löschungsmechanismus ist dann sinnvoll, wenn der Abstand d zwischen den Stromzuführungen und die anliegende Spannung V so zusammenwirken, daß im Falle eines auftretenden Lichtbogens die dort wirkende Feldstärke V/d größer als 100 V/cm ist. Bei den erfindungsgemäßen Lampen liegt die Feldstärke meist zwischen 200 und 400 V/cm. Bei Lampen mit geringerer Feldstärke besteht keine Notwendigkeit für diese Art von Sicherung, da dort der Bogen durch andere Mechanismen sicher löscht.The application of the deletion mechanism described above is then useful if the distance d between the power supplies and the adjacent Voltage V interact so that in the event of an occurring Arc, the field strength V / d acting there is greater than 100 V / cm. At The field strength of the lamps according to the invention is usually between 200 and 400 V / cm. There is no need for lamps with a lower field strength for this type of security, since there is the arch through other mechanisms safely deletes.

Typische Werte für den Abstand zwischen den beiden Stromzuführungen sind 5 bis 8 mm.Typical values for the distance between the two power supplies are 5 to 8 mm.

Mit den erfindungsgemäßen Lampen lassen sich insbesondere extrem kleine Baulängen von 75 mm und weniger erzielen, unabhängig davon, ob Bajonettsockel oder Schraubsockel verwendet werden. Eine besonders kurze Baulänge in der Größenordnung von 60 mm läßt sich bei Verwendung eines Bajonettsockels erreichen, da hier keine Einschränkung der Reduzierung der Mindestlänge wie bei einem Schraubgewinde zu berücksichtigen ist.The lamps according to the invention can be used, in particular, to make extremely small ones Achieve overall lengths of 75 mm and less, regardless of whether bayonet base or screw base can be used. A particularly short one Overall length of the order of 60 mm can be used with a Achieve bayonet bases as there is no restriction on the reduction of the Minimum length as with a screw thread has to be considered.

Die Wirkung der erfindungsgemäßen Sicherung ist also noch schneller und zuverlässiger als bei einem extra ausgesparten, schlauchartigen Hohlraum.The effect of the fuse according to the invention is therefore even faster and more reliable than with an extra recessed, tubular cavity.

Die innere Stromzuführung besitzt bevorzugt einen Durchmesser von mehr als 15 µm. Häufig können der Leuchtkörper und die inneren Stromzuführungen als Einheit aus einem einzigen Draht gefertigt sein, d.h. die inneren Stromzuführungen sind die ungewendelten Leuchtkörperenden. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, separate innere Stromzuführungen zu verwenden mit einem im Vergleich zum Leuchtkörperdraht unterschiedlichen Durchmesser.The inner power supply preferably has a diameter of more than 15 µm. Often, the filament and the internal power supply can be made as a unit from a single wire, i.e. the inner Power supplies are the uncoiled filament ends. However, it is also possible to use separate internal power supplies with a different diameter compared to the filament wire.

Die hier beschriebene Sicherungsanordnung wirkt anders als bisher bekannt, indem meistens bereits innerhalb der ersten Halbwelle nach Entstehen des Lichtbogens die Betriebsbedingungen für die weitere Existenz des Bogens unterschritten werden. Der einmal erzeugte Lichtbogen erlischt so schnell, daß eine Aufheizung der Folien und der Quetschung kaum nachweisbar ist. Die Temperaturerhöhung beträgt nicht mehr als 5 °C.The fuse arrangement described here works differently than previously known, by usually already within the first half-wave after the Arc the operating conditions for the continued existence of the arc be undercut. The arc, once created, goes out so quickly that heating of the foils and the crushing is hardly detectable. The temperature increase is no more than 5 ° C.

Ein entscheidender Vorteil ist, daß definitiv auf eine externe Sicherung, die üblicherweise im Sockel integriert ist, verzichtet werden kann. Dadurch kann die Baulänge derartiger Lampen stark reduziert werden (um ca. 25%). Auch die Kosteneinsparung durch den Verzicht auf die Sicherung ist erheblich. Bisherige Sicherungskonzepte waren noch nicht so ausgereift, so daß vorsichtshalber weiterhin eine externe Sicherung im Sockel verwendet wurde.A key benefit is that you definitely need an external backup that is usually integrated in the base, can be omitted. This can the overall length of such lamps can be greatly reduced (by approx. 25%). Also the cost saving by not using the fuse is considerable. Previous backup concepts were not yet fully developed, so as a precaution an external fuse was still used in the base.

Bei diesen einseitig gequetschten Lampen kann der Leuchtkörper U-, V- oder W-förmig gebogen sein. In einer ersten Ausführungsform liegen beide inneren Stromzuführungen als ungewendelte Abschnitte vor. In einer zweiten Ausführungsform kann auch lediglich eine der beiden Stromzuführungen ein ungewendelter Drahtabschnitt sein. Insbesondere kann diese Ausführungsform auf einseitig gequetschte Lampen mit axialem Leuchtkörper angewendet werden, die meist an Netzspannungen von etwa 110 V betrieben werden. Hier ist vorteilhaft lediglich das der Quetschung benachbarte Leuchtkörperende über eine Stromzuführung in Gestalt eines ungewendelten Abschnitts mit der Dichtungsfolie verbunden. Die andere Stromzuführung, die als Gestelldraht zum von der Quetschung entfernten Ende geführt ist, ist ein massiver Draht.With these lamps pinched on one side, the filament can be U-, V- or Be W-shaped. In a first embodiment, both are inner Power supplies as uncoiled sections. In a second Embodiment can also only one of the two power supplies be an uncoiled wire section. In particular, this embodiment can applied to lamps pinched on one side with an axial filament are mostly operated at mains voltages of around 110 V. become. Only the one adjacent to the pinch is advantageous here Filament end via a power supply in the form of an uncoiled Section connected to the sealing film. The other power supply which is guided as a frame wire to the end distant from the pinch is is a solid wire.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Leuchtkörper in mehrere leuchtende Abschnitte untergliedert, die jeweils durch nichtleuchtende Abschnitte unterteilt sind. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the luminous element is in subdivided several luminous sections, each by non-luminous Sections are divided.

Unter dem Begriff Quarzglas soll bevorzugt Quarzglas mit einem SiO2-Gehalt von mindestens 94 Gew.-% (z.B. Vycor®) verstanden werden.The term quartz glass should preferably be understood to mean quartz glass with an SiO 2 content of at least 94% by weight (for example Vycor®).

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lampe erfolgt die Halterung des Leuchtkörpers bevorzugt durch wärmebeständige Haltemittel, die einem Lichtbogen trotzen können, beispielsweise ein massives Drahtgestell oder Glasstege, die aus dem Material des Kolbens gebildet werden.In the lamp according to the invention, the filament is held preferably by means of heat-resistant holding means that defy an arc can, for example, a solid wire frame or glass webs that the material of the piston.

Die Lampe gemäß der Erfindung läßt sich kostengünstig herstellen, da weniger Bauteile benötigt werden und die Herstellung besonders gut automatisiert werden kann.The lamp according to the invention can be produced inexpensively because less Components are needed and the production is particularly well automated can be.

Insgesamt wird somit eine Halogenglühlampe mit langer Lebensdauer (2000 Std.) für die Allgemeinbeleuchtung vorgestellt, die sich durch eine verbesserte Betriebssicherheit und eine bisher nicht erreichte Kompaktheit auszeichnet.Overall, a halogen lamp with a long service life (2000 Hours) for general lighting, which is improved Operational safety and a previously unattained compactness.

Die Lampe gemäß der Erfindung eignet sich für den direkten Betrieb an Netzspannung, worunter ein Bereich von 80 V bis 250 V verstanden werden soll. Sie ist mit einem geeigneten Sockel versehen. Beispielsweise kann sie mit einem Schraub- oder Stift- oder Bajonettsockel bestückt sein. Typische Wattstufen sind 25 bis 150 W. Für Allgemeinbeleuchtungszwecke kann die einseitig gequetschte Lampe mit einem Außenkolben umgeben werden. Aufgrund ihrer Kompaktheit kann diese Lampe aber auch vorteilhaft in Reflektoren (z.B. PAR(Parabolic Aluminized Reflector)-Lampen, aluminiumbedampfte Reflektorlampen, Kaltlichtreflektorlampen) eingesetzt werden.The lamp according to the invention is suitable for direct operation Mains voltage, which means a range from 80 V to 250 V. should. It is provided with a suitable base. For example they can be equipped with a screw or pin or bayonet base. Typical Watt levels are 25 to 150 W. For general lighting purposes, the lamp squeezed on one side can be surrounded by an outer bulb. Due to its compactness, this lamp can also be used advantageously in reflectors (e.g. PAR (Parabolic Aluminized Reflector) lamps, aluminum-coated reflector lamps, cold light reflector lamps) be used.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand zweier Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Hochvolt-Halogenglühlampe,
  • Fig. 2 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Halogenglühlampe;
  • Fig. 3 ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Reflektorlampe.
    • The invention is explained in more detail below using two exemplary embodiments. It shows
  • 1 shows a first embodiment of a high-voltage halogen incandescent lamp,
  • 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a halogen incandescent lamp;
  • Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of a reflector lamp.

    • Die Fig. 1 zeigt eine Halogenglühlampe 1 für Allgemeinbeleuchtungszwecke mit einer Leistung von 75 W, die für den direkten Anschluß an das 230 V-Netz geeignet ist. Sie besitzt einen zylindrischen Kolben 2 aus Quarzglas mit einem Außendurchmesser von etwa 12,5 mm bei einem Innendurchmesser von 10,5 mm (mit einer Toleranz von 0,8 mm) und einer Gesamtlänge von etwa 60 mm (bisher 86 mm). Das eine Ende des Kolbens 2 ist zu einer Kuppe 3 geformt, die mittig eine Pumpspitze 4 aufweist. Das andere Ende des Kolbens ist mit einer Quetschdichtung 5 verschlossen, an der ein Bajonettsockel 16 befestigt ist. Der Kolben mit einem Volumen von 1,65 cm3 ist mit einer Inertgasmischung aus 80 % Kr und 20 % N2 gefüllt, der ein Halogenzusatz aus 0,005 % CBrClF2 beigefügt ist. Der maximale Außendurchmesser der Lampe beträgt 18 mm.Fig. 1 shows a halogen incandescent lamp 1 for general lighting purposes with a power of 75 W, which is suitable for direct connection to the 230 V network. It has a cylindrical piston 2 made of quartz glass with an outer diameter of approximately 12.5 mm with an inner diameter of 10.5 mm (with a tolerance of 0.8 mm) and a total length of approximately 60 mm (previously 86 mm). One end of the piston 2 is shaped into a dome 3 which has a pump tip 4 in the center. The other end of the piston is closed with a pinch seal 5 to which a bayonet base 16 is attached. The flask with a volume of 1.65 cm 3 is filled with an inert gas mixture of 80% Kr and 20% N2, to which a halogen addition of 0.005% CBrClF 2 is added. The maximum outside diameter of the lamp is 18 mm.

    Ein U-förmig gebogener Leuchtkörper 6 aus Wolfram, der durchgehend doppelt gewendelt ist, erstreckt sich über nahezu die gesamte Innenlänge des Kolbenvolumens, wobei das Basisteil 7 des "U", das sich quer zur Lampenachse erstreckt, in der Nähe der Kuppe 3 angeordnet ist, während die beiden Schenkel des "U", die die eigentlichen leuchtenden Wendelabschnitte 8 bilden, sich vom Basisteil 7 zur Quetschdichtung 5 erstrecken und sich dabei zur Quetschdichtung 5 hin leicht nach außen öffnen. Der Leuchtkörper 6 wird durch ein Gestell 9 gehaltert, das aus einem Stützdraht aus Wolfram mit einem Durchmesser von ca. 280 pm gefertigt ist. Das Gestell 9 ist im wesentlichen in einer Ebene, die die Lampenachse enthält, derart gebogen, daß sich zwischen seinen zwei Schenkeln 10 und 11, die achsparallel einander gegenüberliegend an der Innenwand 12 des Kolbens anliegen, ein Querteil 13 erstreckt, das den Innendurchmesser des Kolbens überspannt. Weitere Gestellteile sind mit den Bezugsziffern 14a bis 14f bezeichnet.A U-shaped lamp 6 made of tungsten, the continuous is double coiled, extends over almost the entire inside length of the Bulb volume, the base part 7 of the "U", which is transverse to the lamp axis extends, is arranged near the top 3, while the two legs of the "U", which are the actual glowing spiral sections 8 form, extend from the base part 7 to the pinch seal 5 and thereby open slightly towards the pinch seal 5. The luminous element 6 is held by a frame 9, which consists of a support wire made of tungsten with a diameter of approx. 280 pm. The frame 9 is essentially bent in a plane containing the lamp axis in such a way that between his two legs 10 and 11, which are axially parallel to each other lie opposite to the inner wall 12 of the piston, a cross member 13 extends that spans the inner diameter of the piston. Further Frame parts are designated by the reference numerals 14a to 14f.

    Die beiden leuchtenden Wendelabschnitte 8 gehen an ihren Enden in kurze, etwa 4 mm lange, ungewendelte Abschnitte 19 über, die als innere Stromzuführungen fungieren. Die inneren Stromzuführungen 19 sind in die Quetschdichtung 5 über eine Länge von 3 mm eingeschmolzen und dort an Dichtungsfolien 20 aus Molybdän verschweißt. Der Drahtdurchmesser des Leuchtkörpers und der Stromzuführungen ist 36 µm. The ends of the two luminous spiral sections 8 go into short, about 4 mm long, uncoiled sections 19, which serve as internal power supplies act. The inner power supply lines 19 are in the Pinch seal 5 melted over a length of 3 mm and there Sealing films 20 made of molybdenum welded. The wire diameter of the Filament and the power supply is 36 µm.

    Zur Erleichterung des Schweißens ist ein Bereich 22 von ca. 2 x 2 mm auf jeder Folie mit einer Schweißhilfe (Platinpaste) betupft. Die Stromzuführungen 19 ragen aus der Quetschdichtung lediglich ca. 1 mm in das Kolbenvolumen hinein.To facilitate welding, there is an area 22 of approximately 2 x 2 mm on each Dab the foil with a welding aid (platinum paste). The power supplies 19 only protrude approx. 1 mm from the pinch seal into the piston volume inside.

    Am äußeren Ende der Folien 20 sind Kontaktstifte 21 angeschweißt, die über das Ende der Quetschdichtung 5 hinaus nach außen ragen und mit den Kontaktwarzen 17 am Bajonettsockel 16 verbunden sind.At the outer end of the foils 20 contact pins 21 are welded on the end of the pinch seal 5 protrude outwards and with the contact warts 17 are connected to the bayonet base 16.

    In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel (Fig. 2), dessen Aufbau im wesentlichen mit dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel übereinstimmt, handelt es sich um eine 230 V-Lampe mit einer Leistung zwischen 25 und 60 W, deren Gesamtlänge 70 mm (statt früher ca. 90 mm) beträgt. Nur der Leuchtkörper einschließlich der Stromzuführungen ist anders dimensioniert. Der Drahtdurchmesser beträgt je nach Leistung etwa 15 bis 45 µm. Der Leuchtkörper 25 ist U-förmig gebogen. Die beiden parallel zur Lampenachse geführten Schenkel des Leuchtkörpers sind selbst wiederum in zwei doppelt gewendelte leuchtende Abschnitte 26 untergliedert, die jeweils durch einfach gewendelte Abschnitte 27 miteinander verbunden sind. Auch das Verbindungsteil 28 des U ist einfach gewendelt. Es ist quer zur Lampenachse in der Nähe der Pumpspitze 24 angeordnet. Seine Enden sind um 90° abgewinkelt und erstrecken sich jeweils zu einem Abschnitt 26.In a further embodiment (Fig. 2), the structure of which is essentially corresponds to the first embodiment, it is a 230 V lamp with a power between 25 and 60 W, the total length 70 mm (instead of about 90 mm previously). Only the filament included the power supply is dimensioned differently. The wire diameter is around 15 to 45 µm depending on the performance. The filament 25 is bent in a U-shape. The two led parallel to the lamp axis Legs of the filament are themselves in turn doubled luminous sections 26 subdivided, each by simply coiled Sections 27 are interconnected. Even the connecting part 28 of the U is simply spiraled. It is close to the lamp axis Pump tip 24 arranged. Its ends are angled by 90 ° and extend each turn into a section 26.

    In Höhe des Verbindungsteils 28 wird der Leuchtkörper von einem ovalen Glassteg 30 fixiert, der aus dem Material des Kobens gebildet ist. Das Verbindungsteil 28 ist im Glassteg 30 eingequetscht. Zusätzlich ist der Leuchtkörper 25 im Bereich der einfach gewendelten Abschnitte 27 jeweils durch einen weiteren Glassteg 31 fixiert, der einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt besitzt.At the level of the connecting part 28, the luminous element becomes oval Fixed glass web 30, which is formed from the material of the cob. The connecting part 28 is squeezed in the glass web 30. In addition, the filament 25 in the area of the simply coiled sections 27 each fixed a further glass web 31, which has a circular cross section.

    An der Quetschdichtung 29 des Kolbens ist ein Schraubsockel 32 befestigt, dessen Kontaktflächen 33 in bekannter Weise, jedoch ohne zwischengeschaltete Sicherungen, über Zuleitungsdrähte 34 mit den äußeren Kontaktstiften 35 des Kolbens verbunden sind. A screw base 32 is fastened to the pinch seal 29 of the piston, the contact surfaces 33 in a known manner, but without intermediate Fuses, via lead wires 34 to the outer contact pins 35 of the piston are connected.

    Vergleichsversuche zwischen den erfindungsgemäßen Lampen (A), Lampen mit schlauchartigem Hohlraum (B1) sowie Lampen (B2) mit massiven Stromzuführungen (Durchmesser 280 µm) zeigen folgende Unterschiede:

    • Die Stromstärke im Lichtbogen ist erfindungsgemäß (A) auf 60 A gegenüber vorher 600 A (B2) bzw. 70 A (B1) begrenzt.
    • Die Zeitdauer des Lichtbogens ist jetzt auf etwa 1 ms gegenüber vorher 3 ms (B1) bzw. 25 ms (B2) reduziert.
    • Die Energieaufnahme ist jetzt auf ca. 1 mWs gegenüber vorher 5 mWs (B1) bzw. 2700 mWs (B2) beschränkt.
    • Die Temperaturerhöhung an der Folie beträgt lediglich 5 K (A) gegenüber 20 K (B1) bzw. mehr als 1000 K (B2).
    Comparative experiments between the lamps (A) according to the invention, lamps with a tube-like cavity (B1) and lamps (B2) with massive power supply lines (diameter 280 µm) show the following differences:
    • The current intensity in the arc is limited according to the invention (A) to 60 A compared to previously 600 A (B2) or 70 A (B1).
    • The duration of the arc is now reduced to approximately 1 ms compared to 3 ms (B1) or 25 ms (B2).
    • The energy consumption is now limited to approx. 1 mWs compared to 5 mWs (B1) or 2700 mWs (B2).
    • The temperature increase on the film is only 5 K (A) compared to 20 K (B1) or more than 1000 K (B2).

    Die Wirksamkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahme wird insbesondere dadurch eindrucksvoll unterstrichen, daß beim bewußten Fehlbetrieb einer 75W/12V-Lampe am 220 V-Netz der Lichtbogen zuverlässig gelöscht wurde und keine Kolbenexplosion auftrat.The effectiveness of the measure according to the invention is thereby particularly impressively underlined that in the event of deliberate malfunction one 75W / 12V lamp on 220 V network the arc was reliably extinguished and no piston explosion occurred.

    Insgesamt ergibt sich durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung eine höhere Zuverlässigkeit, kürzere Ansprechzeit und einfachere sowie kostengünstigere Herstellung bei einseitig gequetschten Halogenglühlampen für Mittelvolt- und Hochvoltbetrieb.Overall, the arrangement according to the invention results in a higher one Reliability, shorter response time and simpler and cheaper Manufacture of halogen bulbs for medium-voltage and high-voltage operation.

    Fig. 3 zeigt ein Reflektorlampe 40 mit einer Betriebsspannung von 230 V und einer Leistung von 50 W. Die Einbaulampe 41 selbst ist ähnlich wie in Fig. 2 aufgebaut. Sie hat einen Außendurchmesser von ca. 13 mm. Zur besseren Kompaktifizierung besitzt sie nur einen einzigen Glassteg 42, der im Bereich der Kolbenkuppe sitzt. Auf diese Weise erreicht sie eine Baulänge von lediglich 38 mm, gerechnet von der Quetschung bis zur Pumpspitze. Die Lampe kann daher in einem sehr kompakten Reflektor 43 aus Glas mit einem Außendurchmesser von 50 mm untergebracht werden. Zur besseren Fixierung dient eine Lochscheibe 44 aus Metallblech in Höhe des Ansatzes der Quetschung 45.Fig. 3 shows a reflector lamp 40 with an operating voltage of 230 V and a power of 50 W. The built-in lamp 41 itself is similar to that in FIG. 2 built up. It has an outer diameter of approx. 13 mm. For better Compactification, it has only a single glass web 42, the area the piston top sits. In this way, it only has an overall length of 38 mm, calculated from the pinch to the pump tip. The lamp can therefore in a very compact reflector 43 made of glass with an outer diameter of 50 mm can be accommodated. For better fixation serves a perforated disc 44 made of sheet metal at the level of the pinch approach 45.

    Der Reflektor verjüngt sich zum Reflektorhals 46 hin auf einen Außendurchmesser von 20 mm. Seine Gesamtlänge ist 49 mm. Zudem wirkt sich das gezeigte Wendeldesign mit zwei kurzen parallelen Schenkeln 47, die nahe beieinander stehen, vorteilhaft auf die Lichtverteilung im Reflektor aus. Die Abmessungen der beiden Wendelschenkel sind ca. 0,5 x 9,5 mm.The reflector tapers towards the reflector neck 46 to an outer diameter of 20 mm. Its total length is 49 mm. It also has an effect the shown spiral design with two short parallel legs 47 that are close stand together, advantageously on the light distribution in the reflector. The dimensions of the two spiral legs are approx. 0.5 x 9.5 mm.

    Während bei herkömmlichen Reflektorlampen (ohne inhärente Sicherung) üblicherweise zwischen Reflektorkalotte und Sockel ein Zwischenteil (aus Keramik) eingefügt ist, in dem die Sicherung untergebracht ist, kann hier darauf verzichtet werden. Dieses Zwischenteil mußte bisher in den Reflektor eingekittet werden. Demgemäß kann jetzt auf Sockelkitt vollständig verzichtet werden.While with conventional reflector lamps (without inherent fuse) usually an intermediate part (made of reflector cap and base Ceramic), in which the fuse is housed, can be found here be dispensed with. So far, this intermediate part had to be in the reflector be cemented in. Accordingly, plaster putty can now be completely dispensed with become.

    Die Reflektorlampe besitzt zur weiteren Verkürzung der Baulänge einen am Reflektorhals direkt angeformten Glassockel 48. Dieser besteht im wesentlichen aus einer ebenen Endfläche 49 am Ende des Reflektorhalses. Die äußeren Stromzuführungen 50 der Einbaulampe sind durch zwei Öffnungen nach außen geführt und in zwei Kontaktstifthülsen 51 eingecrimpt. Die Kontaktstifthülsen selbst sind in die Öffnungen eingenietet. Das Prinzip dieses Glassockels ist ähnlich dem im DE-GM 82 34 509 beschriebenen Glassockel.The reflector lamp has a to shorten the overall length Reflector neck directly molded glass base 48. This essentially consists from a flat end surface 49 at the end of the reflector neck. The outer Power leads 50 of the recessed lamp are through two openings guided outside and crimped into two contact pin sleeves 51. The contact pin sleeves themselves are riveted into the openings. The principle of this glass base is similar to the glass base described in DE-GM 82 34 509.

    In einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel hat diese Reflektorglühlampe statt des Glassockels einen üblichen Schraubsockel oder Bajonettsockel.In another exemplary embodiment, this reflector incandescent lamp takes place of the glass base is a conventional screw base or bayonet base.

    Das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 3 hat besondere Vorteile gegenüber bekannten Reflektorlampen, da sowohl die Anzahl der Bauteile (jetzt sechs Bauteile, früher zehn Bauteile incl. Zwischenteil) verringert als auch die Montagetechnik erheblich vereinfacht werden kann. Das neue Produkt kann daher wesentlich kostengünstiger und zeitsparender hergestellt werden.The embodiment of FIG. 3 has particular advantages over known ones Reflector lamps because both the number of components (now six Components, formerly ten components including intermediate part) as well as the Assembly technology can be significantly simplified. The new product can can therefore be manufactured much cheaper and time-saving.

    Aufgrund der inhärenten Sicherung kann außerdem zusätzlich auf die Abdeckscheibe verzichtet werden, wenn das Quarzglas in an sich bekannter Weise dotiert ist um den notwendigen UV-Schutz zu gewährleisten.Due to the inherent fuse, the cover plate can also be used be dispensed with if the quartz glass is known per se Is doped to ensure the necessary UV protection.

    Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt. Insbesondere eignet sie sich auch für Halogenglühlampen für den Netzbetrieb an 110 V. Des weiteren können die beiden Wendelabschnitte nochmals unterteilt sein. Die Stoßfestigkeit des Leuchtkörpers kann durch zusätzliche Maßnahmen weiter verbessert werden. Die Füllung kann auch aus anderen an sich bekannten Bestandteilen bestehen, z.B. kann als Halogenzusatz CH2Br2 verwendet werden. Zusätzlich zu dem Haltegestell aus Draht können zur Leuchtkörperfixierung rohrartige Halter aus Quarzglas (Glasstege), die aus dem Material des Kolbens gebildet sind, verwendet werden.The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown. In particular, it is also suitable for halogen incandescent lamps for mains operation to 110 V. Furthermore, the two spiral sections can again be divided. The impact resistance of the filament can be increased Measures to be further improved. The filling can also come from others constituents known per se, e.g. can be added as halogen CH2Br2 can be used. In addition to the wire rack tube-like holder made of quartz glass (glass webs) to fix the light fixture formed from the material of the piston can be used.

    In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Leuchtkörper axial angeordnet und die Stromzuführung, die zu dessen quetschungsseitigem Ende führt, als ungewendelter Abschnitt in die Quetschung eingeschmolzen.In a further exemplary embodiment, the luminous element is arranged axially and the power supply that leads to its pinch-side end, melted into the crush as an uncoiled section.

    Mit der Erfindung steht eine preisgünstige Halogenglühlampe mit geringer Leistungsaufnahme bis herab zu 25 W für den direkten Netzanschluß zur Verfügung, wie sie für die Allgemeinbeleuchtung von besonderem Interesse ist. Bevorzugte Leistungsstufen liegen bei maximal 250 W.With the invention is an inexpensive halogen lamp with less Power consumption down to 25 W for direct connection to the grid Available as of particular interest for general lighting is. Preferred power levels are a maximum of 250 W.

    Die Erfindung ist besonders vorteilhaft für einseitig gequetschte Halogenglühlampen mit kleiner Leistung (25 bis 75 W) gedacht, da hier insbesondere unter Verwendung eines Glas- oder. Bajonettsockels die platzsparende Wirkung der Erfindung am meisten zum Tragen kommt.The invention is particularly advantageous for halogen bulbs pinched on one side thought with small power (25 to 75 W), because here in particular using a glass or. Bayonet bases have the space-saving effect of the invention is most effective.

    Claims (10)

    1. Halogen incandescent lamp (1) capped at one end for operating at AC frequency on mains voltage, having the following features:
      a bulb (2), hermetically sealed by a single pinch (5), made from quartz glass,
      a cap (16; 32) which is fastened on the pinch,
      a filling of inert gas and a halogen-containing additive,
      a luminous element (6; 25) with two ends,
      a power supply system which provides an electric supply lead for the luminous element (6), and
      the power supply system comprises two inner supply leads (19) which connect the luminous element ends to sealing foils (20) embedded in the pinch (5; 29) and which are embedded in the pinch over a portion of their length,
      characterized in that an inherent safety action is achieved by virtue of the fact that at least one of the two inner supply leads (19) is produced from a wire at a diameter of at most 130 µm, preferably at most 80 µm, which is not helically wound and is embedded over a length of at least 2 mm in the pinch (5; 29), the spacing d between the supply leads and the applied voltage V cooperating such that in the case of an arc occurring between the supply leads the field strength V/d acting there is greater than 100 V/cm, and preferably between 200 and 400 V/cm.
    2. Halogen incandescent lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the luminous element (6) is bent in the shape of a U, W or V, and the two supply leads (19) are arranged approximately parallel and are sealed in the pinch with a spacing of at least 5 mm.
    3. Halogen incandescent lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the luminous element (6) comprises a plurality of luminous sections (26) which are spaced apart by non-luminous sections (27).
    4. Halogen incandescent lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one heat-resistant holding means (9; 30, 31) fixes the luminous element.
    5. Halogen incandescent lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the luminous element (6) is arranged axially, and the supply lead, which leads to the end thereof on the pinch side, is sealed in the pinch as a section which is not helically wound.
    6. Halogen incandescent lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the luminous element (6) and the inner supply leads (19) are produced from a single wire.
    7. Halogen incandescent lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cap is a bayonet cap (16).
    8. Halogen incandescent lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the overall length of the lamp is less than or equal to 75 mm.
    9. Halogen incandescent lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lamp is a reflector lamp (40).
    10. Halogen incandescent lamp according to Claim 9, characterized in that the reflector lamp (40) has a reflector contour with an integrally formed glass cap (48).
    EP97105626A 1996-04-19 1997-04-04 Halogen lamp Expired - Lifetime EP0802561B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (4)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE29607132U 1996-04-19
    DE29607132U DE29607132U1 (en) 1996-04-19 1996-04-19 Halogen lamp
    DE29620098U DE29620098U1 (en) 1996-11-20 1996-11-20 Halogen lamp
    DE29620098U 1996-11-20

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0802561A1 EP0802561A1 (en) 1997-10-22
    EP0802561B1 true EP0802561B1 (en) 2000-07-19

    Family

    ID=26058875

    Family Applications (2)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP97105626A Expired - Lifetime EP0802561B1 (en) 1996-04-19 1997-04-04 Halogen lamp
    EP97922834A Expired - Lifetime EP0839381B1 (en) 1996-04-19 1997-04-14 Reflector lamp

    Family Applications After (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP97922834A Expired - Lifetime EP0839381B1 (en) 1996-04-19 1997-04-14 Reflector lamp

    Country Status (9)

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    US (2) US6060820A (en)
    EP (2) EP0802561B1 (en)
    JP (2) JPH11508402A (en)
    KR (1) KR100455460B1 (en)
    CN (1) CN1083146C (en)
    DE (2) DE59702042D1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2160351T3 (en)
    HU (2) HU220535B1 (en)
    WO (1) WO1997040511A1 (en)

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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    HUP9700773A2 (en) 1997-12-29
    EP0802561A1 (en) 1997-10-22
    ES2160351T3 (en) 2001-11-01
    KR100455460B1 (en) 2004-12-17
    CN1188562A (en) 1998-07-22
    US6060820A (en) 2000-05-09
    JPH1040879A (en) 1998-02-13
    WO1997040511A1 (en) 1997-10-30
    JP4054086B2 (en) 2008-02-27
    EP0839381A1 (en) 1998-05-06
    DE59702042D1 (en) 2000-08-24
    DE59703946D1 (en) 2001-08-09
    CN1083146C (en) 2002-04-17
    HUP9901460A3 (en) 2001-05-28
    HU220535B1 (en) 2002-03-28
    KR19990028205A (en) 1999-04-15
    US5883469A (en) 1999-03-16
    HUP9901460A2 (en) 1999-08-30
    HU9700773D0 (en) 1997-06-30
    JPH11508402A (en) 1999-07-21
    EP0839381B1 (en) 2001-07-04
    HUP9700773A3 (en) 2000-02-28
    HU218813B (en) 2000-12-28

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