EP0799113A1 - Screw driving-in process - Google Patents

Screw driving-in process

Info

Publication number
EP0799113A1
EP0799113A1 EP95942173A EP95942173A EP0799113A1 EP 0799113 A1 EP0799113 A1 EP 0799113A1 EP 95942173 A EP95942173 A EP 95942173A EP 95942173 A EP95942173 A EP 95942173A EP 0799113 A1 EP0799113 A1 EP 0799113A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
impact
hole
thread
drilling
forming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95942173A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0799113B1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Österle
Erich Palm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SFS Industrie Holding AG
Original Assignee
SFS Industrie Holding AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SFS Industrie Holding AG filed Critical SFS Industrie Holding AG
Publication of EP0799113A1 publication Critical patent/EP0799113A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0799113B1 publication Critical patent/EP0799113B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B25B21/02—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose with means for imparting impact to screwdriver blade or nut socket
    • B25B21/023—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose with means for imparting impact to screwdriver blade or nut socket for imparting an axial impact, e.g. for self-tapping screws

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for setting a self-drilling or self-tapping and thread-forming or tapping screw, which has a drilling part or a hole-forming end section and a shaft with a self-tapping or self-tapping thread, in which a screw in during the drilling or hole-forming process Axial direction acting impact is switched on.
  • DE-A 14 78 914 describes a method of the aforementioned type.
  • the impact effect in the known method consists only of a single impact which is exerted in order to produce the hole.
  • the screw is then screwed into the workpiece.
  • This known method can only be used with thin materials if a stop is provided on the opposite side to prevent the material from bending when the blow is made to make the hole. Providing such a stop means an additional work step that extends the setting time and, moreover, is not always possible.
  • care has always been taken to ensure that the drilling process ends before the thread forming process begins, since the feed speed is considerably greater than the usual drilling feed, depending on the thread pitch. In a drilling process, a corresponding axial force and a corresponding torque have to be applied, whereas after the engagement of the first thread, practically only a corresponding torque has to be applied.
  • the present invention has now set itself the task of proposing a method of the type mentioned, which ensures optimal molding and an optimal fit in the thread with a shorter setting time, especially with thin materials.
  • this is achieved in that the impact is caused by constant impact movements generated in the manner of a hammer drill, and that the impact is maintained in the subsequent thread forming or cutting process, or its strength is reduced or completely eliminated.
  • the advantage that is achieved by the method according to the invention lies primarily in the possibility of using the method even with thin materials, without a stop having to be provided on the opposite side in order to prevent bending. It is From DE 43 01 610 A1 and from DE 42 36 819 A1 an impact wrench or a combination of impact drill and impact wrench are known in which the impact effect can be switched off, but they are for a method for setting self-drilling or self-hole-forming and thread-forming or fast-cutting screw neither determined nor suitable.
  • the two process steps namely the impact action during the drilling or hole-forming process
  • the impact or the cutting process is reduced or eliminated completely in the subsequent thread forming or cutting process. It is to be regarded as a particular advance in the field of screw setting that these different process steps are used in succession in a single setting process.
  • the method according to the invention has even made it possible to form a hole without a rotary drive, as only with constant hammer movements produced in the manner of a hammer drill, which brings about the advantages indicated above, in particular in the case of thin workpieces.
  • a substrate made of wood or wood-based materials it is also possible to maintain the impact when screwing in. In the case of a substrate made of metal, for example, a reduced or completely eliminated impact is necessary.
  • a rotary drive for the screw it is possible for a rotary drive for the screw to be connected to the impact action acting in the axial direction during the drilling or hole-forming process.
  • the drilling or hole forming process can be improved even further by means of a rotary drive and superimposed impact.
  • the changeover from an axial impact to a reduced axial impact or the elimination of the impact from an axial relief is triggered immediately after the drilling or hole-forming process has ended.
  • Sudden axial relief is e.g. then given when the drilling part or the hole-forming end section has finished the bore or the hole, so that an immediate and sudden axial relief is created by the completion of the drilling process.
  • This axial relief - whether it occurs suddenly or more slowly - can be used in the method according to the invention as a mechanical signal or as a trigger for electrical signals in order to reduce the axial impact or to switch it off entirely.
  • the switchover from an axial impact to a reduced axial impact or the deactivation of the impact can be triggered by a presettable depth stop.
  • This variant of the method according to the invention can also be understood in a simple structural design, since an axial impact, for example in impact drills or Hammer drills are only available if a corresponding axial back pressure is applied. If, after the impact of a corresponding depth stop, this counterpressure no longer occurs from the screw, the switchover or switch-off provided according to the invention takes place.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of the screw, which is just placed on a workpiece.
  • Figure 2 shows this screw after forming a hole and immediately before the beginning of the thread cutting or forming process.
  • Fig. 3 shows an enlarged section through the workpiece and the screw, in particular the mutual thread engagement can be seen.
  • the hole and thread-forming screw 1 shown here is provided with a non-cutting hole-forming end section 2 which ends in a tip or z in a tip-like shape. Furthermore, a shaft section 4 provided with a thread 3 and an engagement section for attaching or inserting a tool are provided.
  • a screw 1 was assumed, which is designed to be self-piercing and self-tapping. There is therefore a non-cutting hole-forming end section 2 and a corresponding thread 3.
  • the method described here can, however, be used for all other self-tapping or thread-forming screws, and it is also possible in this way to set screws which are self-tapping and self-tapping. It is not essential for the present process whether the drilling process or the hole forming process or the thread forming or cutting is carried out without cutting or cutting.
  • B Experiments have shown that the present method can also be used with particular success with self-drilling screws. It is irrelevant whether there is a drill tip made by forming or a corresponding drill bit at the free end of the screw.
  • screws with a hole-forming end section 2 or with other structural designs can be used, the screws being able to consist of a stainless material through and through.
  • the method described here is therefore that the rotary drive for the screw 1 in the hole-forming process is activated by an impact acting in the axial direction 6.
  • the screw is also subjected to the axial impact 6.
  • a corresponding hole 8 can be formed in the workpiece 9 in a work time which has been considerably shortened up to now.
  • a rotary drive would then be switched on after the hole forming to form the thread.
  • the impact is switched off after the further method step, so that only the rotary drive 7 is still effective.
  • the thread formed in the hole wall thus fits exactly on the surface of the thread 3 of the shaft 4.
  • the impact action is switched off during the subsequent thread forming or cutting process.
  • a slight impact that is to say a strength which is significantly reduced compared to the drilling process, would make sense.
  • An additional positive effect results from the axially acting impact, because the hole wall is additionally deformed downward, both when shaping and drilling a hole, especially in the case of thinner workpieces 9, so that a type of collar 10 results in the area of the hole 8 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Screw Conveyors (AREA)
  • Taps Or Cocks (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Compounds That Contain Two Or More Ring Oxygen Atoms (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

In a process for driving in a self-boring, self-piercing, thread-shaping or thread-cutting screw (1), an axial percussion effect (6) is added to the rotary drive (7) during the hole boring step. During the thread-shaping step, the axial percussion effect is stopped and only the rotary drive remains.

Description

Verfahren zum Setzen einer SchraubeProcedure for setting a screw
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Setzen einer selbstbohrenden oder selbstlochformenden sowie gewindeformenden oder -schneidenden Schraube, welche einen Bohrteil oder einen lochformenden Endabschnitt und einen Schaft mit einem selbstformenden bzw. selbstschneidenden Gewinde aufweist, bei dem beim Bohr- bzw. Lochformvorgang durch die Schraube eine in axialer Richtung wirkende Schlageinwirkung zugeschaltet wird.The invention relates to a method for setting a self-drilling or self-tapping and thread-forming or tapping screw, which has a drilling part or a hole-forming end section and a shaft with a self-tapping or self-tapping thread, in which a screw in during the drilling or hole-forming process Axial direction acting impact is switched on.
In der DE-A 14 78 914 ist ein Verfahren der vorgenannten Art beschrieben. Die Schlagein¬ wirkung besteht bei dem bekannten Verfahren lediglich aus einem einzigen Schlag, der ausgeübt wird, um das Loch herzustellen. Danach wird die Schraube in das Werkstück eingeschraubt. Dieses bekannte Verfahren läßt sich bei dünnen Werkstoffen nur dann anwenden, wenn auf der Gegenseite ein Anschlag vorgesehen ist, um das Durchbiegen des Werkstoffes zu verhindern, wenn der Schlag zum Hersteilen des Loches ausgeübt wird. Einen solchen Anschlag vorzusehen bedeutet einen zusätzlichen Arbeitsgang, der die Setzzeit verlängert, und ist überdies nicht immer möglich. Weiter wurde beim Setzen von Schrauben bisher immer darauf geachtet, daß der Bohrvorgang beendet ist, bevor der Gewindeformvorgang einsetzt, da die Vorschubgeschwindig- keit entsprechend der Gewindesteigung wesentlich größer ist als der übliche Bohrvorschub. Bei einem Bohrvorgang ist eine entsprechende axiale Kraft und auch ein entsprechendes Drehmoment aufzubringen, wogegen dann nach dem Eingreifen des ersten Gewindeganges praktisch nur noch ein entsprechendes Drehmoment aufgebracht werden muß.DE-A 14 78 914 describes a method of the aforementioned type. The impact effect in the known method consists only of a single impact which is exerted in order to produce the hole. The screw is then screwed into the workpiece. This known method can only be used with thin materials if a stop is provided on the opposite side to prevent the material from bending when the blow is made to make the hole. Providing such a stop means an additional work step that extends the setting time and, moreover, is not always possible. Furthermore, when setting screws, care has always been taken to ensure that the drilling process ends before the thread forming process begins, since the feed speed is considerably greater than the usual drilling feed, depending on the thread pitch. In a drilling process, a corresponding axial force and a corresponding torque have to be applied, whereas after the engagement of the first thread, practically only a corresponding torque has to be applied.
Die vorliegende Erfindung hat sich nun zur Aufgabe gestellt, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art vorzuschlagen, welches bei kürzerer Setzzeit ein optimales Einformen und einen optimalen Paßsitz im Gewinde gewährleistet, insbesondere bei dünnen Werkstoffen.The present invention has now set itself the task of proposing a method of the type mentioned, which ensures optimal molding and an optimal fit in the thread with a shorter setting time, especially with thin materials.
Erfindungsgemäß gelingt dies dadurch, daß die Schlageinwirkung durch bohrhammerartig erzeugte ständige Schlagbewegungen hervorgerufen wird, und daß beim anschließenden Gewindeform- oder -schneidvorgang die Schlageinwirkung beibehalten oder in ihrer Stärke vermindert oder ganz ausgeschaltet wird.According to the invention, this is achieved in that the impact is caused by constant impact movements generated in the manner of a hammer drill, and that the impact is maintained in the subsequent thread forming or cutting process, or its strength is reduced or completely eliminated.
Der Vorteil, der durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erzielt wird, liegt in erster Linie in der Möglichkeit, das Verfahren auch bei dünnen Werkstoffen anzuwenden, ohne daß auf der Gegenseite ein Anschlag vorgesehen sein muß, um das Durchbiegen zu verhindern. Es ist zwar aus der DE 43 01 610 A1 sowie aus der DE 42 36 819 A1 ein Schlagschrauber bzw. ein Kombination von Schlagbohrer und Schlagschrauber bekannt, bei denen die Schlagwirkun abgeschaltet werden kann, sie sind jedoch für ein Verfahren zum Setzen von selbstbohrende oder selbstlochformenden sowie gewindeformeπden oder geschwindeschneidenden Schraube weder bestimmt noch geeignet.The advantage that is achieved by the method according to the invention lies primarily in the possibility of using the method even with thin materials, without a stop having to be provided on the opposite side in order to prevent bending. It is From DE 43 01 610 A1 and from DE 42 36 819 A1 an impact wrench or a combination of impact drill and impact wrench are known in which the impact effect can be switched off, but they are for a method for setting self-drilling or self-hole-forming and thread-forming or fast-cutting screw neither determined nor suitable.
Bei dem Verfahren nach der Erfindung wirkt sich, ob nun ein Bohrteil mit spanabhebende Wirkung oder ein lochformender Endabschnitt mit spanloser Herstellung eines Loches an de Schraube vorgesehen ist, in gleicher Weise positiv aus, das eine axiale Schlageinwirkun zugeschaltet wird. Die Bohrzeit oder die Zeit für die Formung des Loches wird wesentlic verkürzt, und zwar sowohl bei dünnen als auch bei entsprechend dickeren Werkstücken.In the method according to the invention, whether a drilling part with a cutting action or a hole-forming end section with non-cutting production of a hole on the screw is provided, has the same positive effect that an axial impact is activated. The drilling time or the time for forming the hole is significantly reduced, both for thin and correspondingly thick workpieces.
An sich ist es bei der Herstellung von Bohrlöchern in Beton zwar bekannt, daß der Bohrer nebe einem Drehantrieb eine axiale Schlageinwirkung erhält, jedoch ist eine derartige Schlageinwirkun beim Bohren oder Lochformen durch eine Schraube von der Fachwelt bisher offensichtlich al nicht durchführbar angesehen und deshalb auch nie in Erwägung gezogen worden. Die vermutlich deshalb, weil es beim nachfolgenden Gewindeform- oder -schneidvorgang völli unerwünscht wäre, eine axiale Schlageinwirkung mit entsprechender Intensität zu haben, da da Gewinde in einem solchen Falle in axialer Richtung entsprechend aufgeweitet würde. Von eine Festsitz oder einer guten Gewindepaßform zwischen der Schraube und dem Werkstück könnt dann nicht mehr gesprochen werden.As such, it is known in the manufacture of boreholes in concrete that the drill receives an axial impact in addition to a rotary drive, but such impact when drilling or hole-forming by means of a screw is obviously not considered feasible by experts to date and therefore never been considered. Probably because in the subsequent thread forming or cutting process it would be completely undesirable to have an axial impact with the appropriate intensity, since in such a case the thread would be expanded accordingly in the axial direction. You can no longer speak of a tight fit or a good thread fit between the screw and the workpiece.
Daher ist es gerade das Verdienst der vorliegenden Erfindung, die zwei Verfahrensschritte nämlich die Schlageinwirkung beim Bohr- oder Lochformvorgang durch bohrhammerartig erzeugt ständige Schlagbewegungen hervorzurufen und bei dem anschließenden Gewindeform- ode -schneidvorgang die Schlageinwirkung zu verringern oder ganz auszuschalten, miteinande kombiniert zu haben. Es ist als besonderer Fortschritt im Bereich des Setzens von Schraube anzusehen, daß bei einem einzigen Setzvorgang diese unterschiedlichen Verfahrensschritt aufeinander folgend angewendet werden.It is therefore precisely the merit of the present invention that the two process steps, namely the impact action during the drilling or hole-forming process, are generated by constant hammer movements in the manner of a hammer drill and that the impact or the cutting process is reduced or eliminated completely in the subsequent thread forming or cutting process. It is to be regarded as a particular advance in the field of screw setting that these different process steps are used in succession in a single setting process.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist es sogar ermöglicht worden, ohne Drehantrieb, als nur mit bohrhammerartig erzeugten ständigen Schlagbewegungen ein Loch zu formen, wa insbesondere bei dünnen Werkstücken die vorstehend angegebenen Vorteile mit sich bringt. Es ist bei einem Untergrund aus Holz oder Holzwerkstoffen auch möglich, die Schlageinwirkung beim Eindrehen beizubehalten. Bei einem Untergrund aus z.B. Metall ist jedoch eine in ihrer Stärke verminderte oder ganz ausgeschaltete Schlageinwirkung notwendig.The method according to the invention has even made it possible to form a hole without a rotary drive, as only with constant hammer movements produced in the manner of a hammer drill, which brings about the advantages indicated above, in particular in the case of thin workpieces. With a substrate made of wood or wood-based materials, it is also possible to maintain the impact when screwing in. In the case of a substrate made of metal, for example, a reduced or completely eliminated impact is necessary.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung bilden die Gegenstände der Unteransprüche.Advantageous embodiments of the invention form the subject of the subclaims.
So ist es in einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung möglich, daß einem Drehantrieb für die Schraube beim Bohr- bzw. Lochformvorgang die in axialer Richtung wirkende Schlageinwirkung zugeschaltet wird. Durch Drehantrieb und überlagerte Schlageinwirkung kann der Bohr- bzw. Lochformvorgang noch verbessert werden.Thus, in one embodiment of the invention, it is possible for a rotary drive for the screw to be connected to the impact action acting in the axial direction during the drilling or hole-forming process. The drilling or hole forming process can be improved even further by means of a rotary drive and superimposed impact.
In diesem Zusammenhang ist es von besonderem Vorteil, daß die Verminderung der Stärke der Schlageinwirkung oder deren Ausschaltung unmittelbar nach dem gänzlichen Durchdringen eines Bohrteiles oder eines lochformenden Endabschnittes der Schraube und noch vor einem Eingriff des ersten Gewindeganges in die Bohrung oder das Loch erfolgt. Je exakter und rechtzeitiger das Umschalten oder Ausschalten erfolgen kann, umso exakter ist der Sitz der dann schlußendlich eingedrehten Schraube, da nicht nur eine optimale Bohrung oder ein optimales Loch hergestellt worden ist, sondern auch ein besonders guter gegenseitiger Gewindeeingriff zwischen dem Werk¬ stück und dem mit dem Gewinde versehenen Schaft.In this context, it is particularly advantageous that the reduction in the strength of the impact or its elimination takes place immediately after the complete penetration of a drill part or a hole-forming end section of the screw and before engagement of the first thread into the bore or the hole. The more precise and timely the switching or switching off can take place, the more exact the seat of the screw which is then finally screwed in, since not only has an optimal bore or an optimal hole been produced, but also a particularly good mutual thread engagement between the workpiece and the threaded shaft.
Bei einer Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, daß die Umschaltung von einer axialen Schlageinwirkung auf eine in der Stärke verminderte axiale Schlageinwirkung oder die Ausschaltung der Schlageinwirkung von einer axialen Entlastung unmittelbar nach Beendi- gung des Bohr- oder Lochformvorganges ausgelöst wird. Eine plötzliche axiale Entlastung ist z.B. dann gegeben, wenn der Bohrteil oder der lochformende Endabschnitt die Bohrung bzw. das Loch fertig hergestellt hat, so daß eine unmittelbare und plötzliche axiale Entlastung eben durch die Beendigung des Bohrvorganges entsteht. Diese axiale Entlastung - ob sie nun plötzlich oder langsamer eintritt - kann bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren als mechanisches Signal oder aber als Auslöser für elektrische Signale herangezogen werden, um die axiale Schlageinwirkung zu vermindern oder gänzlich auszuschalten.In a variant of the method according to the invention, it is provided that the changeover from an axial impact to a reduced axial impact or the elimination of the impact from an axial relief is triggered immediately after the drilling or hole-forming process has ended. Sudden axial relief is e.g. then given when the drilling part or the hole-forming end section has finished the bore or the hole, so that an immediate and sudden axial relief is created by the completion of the drilling process. This axial relief - whether it occurs suddenly or more slowly - can be used in the method according to the invention as a mechanical signal or as a trigger for electrical signals in order to reduce the axial impact or to switch it off entirely.
Gemäß einer weiteren Variante wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Umschaltung von einer axialen Schlageinwirkung auf eine in ihrer Stärke verminderte axiale Schlageinwirkung oder die Ausschal¬ tung der Schlageinwirkung von einem voreinstellbaren Tiefenanschlag auslösbar ist. Diese Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist auch in einfacher konstruktiver Gestaltung nachvollziehbar, da eine axiale Schlageinwirkung beispielsweise bei Schlagbohrmaschinen oder Bohrhämmern nur dann vorhanden ist, wenn ein entsprechend axialer Gegendruck aufgebrac wird. Wenn dann nach dem Auftreffen eines entsprechenden Tiefenanschlages dies Gegendruck von der Schraube her wegfällt, erfolgt die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Umscha tung oder Ausschaltung.According to a further variant, it is proposed that the switchover from an axial impact to a reduced axial impact or the deactivation of the impact can be triggered by a presettable depth stop. This variant of the method according to the invention can also be understood in a simple structural design, since an axial impact, for example in impact drills or Hammer drills are only available if a corresponding axial back pressure is applied. If, after the impact of a corresponding depth stop, this counterpressure no longer occurs from the screw, the switchover or switch-off provided according to the invention takes place.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird in der nachstehenden Beschreibung noch näher erläuter wobei dies anhand einer in ein Werkstück zu setzenden Schraube erfolgt. Es zeigen:The method according to the invention is explained in more detail in the description below, this being done using a screw to be placed in a workpiece. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht der Schraube, welche gerade auf ein Werkstück aufgesetzt ist;Figure 1 is a side view of the screw, which is just placed on a workpiece.
Fig. 2 diese Schraube nach dem Formen eines Loches und unmittelbar vor Beginn des Gewind schneid- oder -formvorganges;Figure 2 shows this screw after forming a hole and immediately before the beginning of the thread cutting or forming process.
Fig. 3 einen vergrößerten Schnitt durch das Werkstück und die Schraube, wobei im besondere der gegenseitige Gewindeeingriff ersichtlich ist.Fig. 3 shows an enlarged section through the workpiece and the screw, in particular the mutual thread engagement can be seen.
Die hier gezeigte loch- und gewindeformende Schraube 1 ist mit einem zu einer Spitze oder z einer spitzenähnlichen Form auslaufenden, spanlos lochformenden Endabschnitt 2 versehe Ferner sind ein mit einem Gewinde 3 versehener Schaftabschnitt 4 und ein Angriffsabschnitt zum An- oder Einsetzen eines Werkzeuges vorhanden.The hole and thread-forming screw 1 shown here is provided with a non-cutting hole-forming end section 2 which ends in a tip or z in a tip-like shape. Furthermore, a shaft section 4 provided with a thread 3 and an engagement section for attaching or inserting a tool are provided.
Bei der Darstellung ist von einer Schraube 1 ausgegangen worden, welche selbstlochformen sowie selbstgewindeformend ausgeführt ist. Es sind hier also ein spanlos lochformend Endabschnitt 2 und ein entsprechendes Gewinde 3 vorhanden. Das hier beschriebene Verfahre ist aber bei allen auf andere Weise selbstlochformend oder gewindeformend ausgeführte Schrauben anwendbar, und zudem können auf diese Art auch Schrauben gesetzt werden, welch selbstbohrend und selbstgewindeschneidend ausgeführt sind. Ob nun beim Bohrvorgang od beim Lochformvorgang oder beim Gewindeformen oder -schneiden spanlos oder spanabheben gearbeitet wird, ist für das vorliegende Verfahren nicht von wesentlicher Bedeutung. B Versuchen hat sich gezeigt, daß das vorliegende Verfahren auch bei spanend selbstbohrende Schrauben mit besonderem Erfolg eingesetzt werden kann. Dabei ist es gleichgültig, ob ein durch Umformung hergestellte Bohrspitze oder ein entsprechendes Bohrplättchen am freien End der Schraube vorhanden ist. Gezeigt hat sich ebenfalls, daß mit dem vorliegenden Verfahren un gerade auch mit einem spanlos lochformenden Endabschnitt Schrauben gesetzt werden könne welche aus durchgehend rostfreiem Material gefertigt sind. In der Regel wird ja immer versuch bei einer zumindest teilweise rostfreien Ausführung von Schrauben mindestens die Bohrspitze aus einem härtbaren Material zu fertigen, um die entsprechende Bohrleistung aufbringen zu können. Es waren daher stets teure Schweißlösungen für Schrauben notwendig.In the illustration, a screw 1 was assumed, which is designed to be self-piercing and self-tapping. There is therefore a non-cutting hole-forming end section 2 and a corresponding thread 3. The method described here can, however, be used for all other self-tapping or thread-forming screws, and it is also possible in this way to set screws which are self-tapping and self-tapping. It is not essential for the present process whether the drilling process or the hole forming process or the thread forming or cutting is carried out without cutting or cutting. B Experiments have shown that the present method can also be used with particular success with self-drilling screws. It is irrelevant whether there is a drill tip made by forming or a corresponding drill bit at the free end of the screw. It has also been shown that with the present method it is possible to set screws which are made of continuous stainless material, even with a non-cutting hole-forming end section. As a rule, at least the drill tip is always tried with an at least partially rustproof execution of screws to manufacture from a hardenable material in order to be able to apply the appropriate drilling performance. Therefore, expensive welding solutions for screws were always necessary.
Durch den Einsatz des hier beschriebenen Verfahrens sind also selbst Schrauben mit einem loch¬ formenden Endabschnitt 2 oder mit anderen konstruktiven Ausgestaltungen einsetzbar, wobei die Schrauben durch und durch aus einem rostfreien Material bestehen können.By using the method described here, even screws with a hole-forming end section 2 or with other structural designs can be used, the screws being able to consist of a stainless material through and through.
Das hier beschriebene Verfahren liegt demnach darin, daß dem Drehantrieb für die Schraube 1 beim Lochform Vorgang eine in axialer Richtung 6 wirkende Schlageinwirkung zugeschaltet wird. Die Schraube wird neben der Drehbewegung 7 auch mit der axialen Schlageinwirkung 6 beauf¬ schlagt. Es kann somit in gegenüber bisher wesentlich verkürzter Arbeitszeit ein entsprechendes Loch 8 im Werkstück 9 geformt werden. Es ist bei dem hier beschriebenen Verfahren aber durchaus möglich, den Lochformvorgang allein durch die axiale Schlageinwirkung durchzuführen. Ein Drehantrieb würde dann nach dem Lochformen zum Formen des Gewindes zugeschaltet.The method described here is therefore that the rotary drive for the screw 1 in the hole-forming process is activated by an impact acting in the axial direction 6. In addition to the rotary movement 7, the screw is also subjected to the axial impact 6. In this way, a corresponding hole 8 can be formed in the workpiece 9 in a work time which has been considerably shortened up to now. With the method described here, however, it is entirely possible to carry out the hole-forming process solely by the axial impact. A rotary drive would then be switched on after the hole forming to form the thread.
Sobald das Loch 8 fertiggestellt ist, wie auch der Fig. 2 entnommen werden kann, wird nach dem weiteren Verfahrensschritt die Schlageinwirkung ausgeschaltet, so daß also nur noch der Drehantrieb 7 wirksam ist. Für das Einformen des Gewindes 3 in das Loch 8 im Werkstück 9 bedeutet dies die beste Variante, denn dadurch entstehen keine axialen Schlag- bzw. Rüttelbe¬ wegungen. Das in die Lochwandung geformte Gewinde liegt somit exakt passend an der Oberfläche des Gewindes 3 des Schaftes 4 an.As soon as the hole 8 is completed, as can also be seen in FIG. 2, the impact is switched off after the further method step, so that only the rotary drive 7 is still effective. For the forming of the thread 3 into the hole 8 in the workpiece 9, this means the best variant, since this does not result in any axial impact or shaking movements. The thread formed in the hole wall thus fits exactly on the surface of the thread 3 of the shaft 4.
In der Regel oder bei praktisch allen Ausführungen und Einsatzmöglichkeiten wird es beim an- schließenden Gewindeform- oder -schneidvorgang zu einem Ausschalten der Schlageinwirkung kommen. In ganz speziellen Einsatzbereichen wäre es jedoch möglich, daß auch beim nachfolgen¬ den Gewindeformvorgang oder Gewindeschneidvorgang eine geringe, also in ihrer Stärke gegen¬ über dem Bohrvorgang wesentlich verminderte Schlageinwirkung sinnvoll wäre. Eine zusätzlich positive Wirkung ergibt sich durch die axial wirkende Schlageinwirkung, weil durch sie sowohl beim Formen als auch beim Bohren eines Loches gerade bei dünneren Werkstücken 9 die Lochwandung zusätzlich nach unten verformt wird, so daß sich im Bereich des Loches 8 eine Art Bund 10 ergibt. Dadurch entstehen selbst bei relativ dünnen Werkstücken 9 entsprechend große axiale Bereiche, in welchen das Gewinde 3 des Gewindeschaftes 4 der Schraube 1 eingreifen kann.As a rule or with practically all designs and possible uses, the impact action is switched off during the subsequent thread forming or cutting process. In very special fields of application, however, it would be possible that even in the subsequent thread forming process or thread cutting process, a slight impact, that is to say a strength which is significantly reduced compared to the drilling process, would make sense. An additional positive effect results from the axially acting impact, because the hole wall is additionally deformed downward, both when shaping and drilling a hole, especially in the case of thinner workpieces 9, so that a type of collar 10 results in the area of the hole 8 . This produces correspondingly large axial areas, even in the case of relatively thin workpieces 9, in which the thread 3 of the threaded shaft 4 of the screw 1 can engage.
Es ist bei dem vorliegenden Verfahren durchaus möglich, zusätzlich zu der axial wirkenden Schlageinwirkung eine in Drehrichtung wirkende Schlageinwirkung zu überlagern, welche für den Bohr- oder Lochformvorgang praktisch keine Bedeutung hat, jedoch beim anschließend Gewindeform- oder -schneidvorgang zusätzliche Vorteile mit sich bringen kann.It is quite possible with the present method, in addition to the axially acting impact action, to superimpose an impact action acting in the direction of rotation, which for the Drilling or hole-forming processes are practically irrelevant, but they can bring additional advantages in the subsequent thread forming or cutting process.
Ferner ist es bei dem hier beschriebenen Verfahren sinnvoll, wenn das Ausschalten d Schlageinwirkung oder das Umschalten auf eine entsprechende Verminderung der Stärke d Schlageinwirkung möglichst exakt nach gänzlichem Durchdringen eines Bohrteiles oder ein lochformenden Endabschnittes 2 erfolgen kann. Die Umschaltung oder die Ausschaltung soll also möglichst vor dem Eingriff des ersten Ganges des Gewindes 3 erfolgen.Furthermore, in the method described here, it makes sense if the switching off of the impact or the switchover to a corresponding reduction in the strength of the impact can be carried out as exactly as possible after a drilling part or a hole-forming end section 2 has been completely penetrated. The switchover or deactivation should therefore take place before the engagement of the first gear of the thread 3, if possible.
Um diese Umschaltung oder Ausschaltung auszulösen, bieten sich verschiedene Varianten a welche vorteilhaft eingesetzt werden können. So wäre es denkbar, die Umschaltung oder Au Schaltung von einer plötzlichen axialen Entlastung unmittelbar nach Beendigung d Bohrvorganges oder des Lochformvorganges auszulösen. Dies ist beispielsweise auch da möglich, wenn sich - wie auf der Zeichnung dargestellt - an den Endabschnitt 2 noch ein kurz gewindefreier Schaftabschnitt 1 1 anschließt. Sobald also der Endabschnitt 2 das Loch i Werkstück 9 fertig geformt hat, ergibt sich eine plötzliche axiale Entlastung, da der gewindefre Schaftabschnitt 1 1 nun infolge der ja noch ausgeübten axialen Anpreßkraft plötzlich nach unt durch das Loch 8 durchsackt. Diese plötzliche Entlastung kann durch entsprechend mechanisc Elemente oder elektrische Steuerungen ausgenützt werden, um das Umschalten oder Aussch ten der axialen Schlageinwirkung hervorzurufen. Eine weitere mechanische Möglichkeit ist da gegeben, wenn ein entsprechend voreinstellbarer Tiefenanschlag vorhanden ist. Sobald d Tiefenanschlag auf dem Werkstück 9 auftrifft, wird eine axiale Entlastung ausgeübt, die dann a normalem mechanischen Wege die axiale Schlageinwirkung beendet. Natürlich kann auch je Art von elektrischer oder elektronischer Umschaltung oder Ausschaltung erfolgen, wobei d entsprechenden Steuergrößen direkt im Bereich des Drehantriebes entnommen werden können In order to trigger this switching or switching off, there are various variants a which can be used advantageously. It would be conceivable to trigger the switchover or Au switching from a sudden axial relief immediately after the drilling process or the hole-forming process has ended. This is also possible, for example, if - as shown in the drawing - a short thread-free shaft section 11 is connected to the end section 2. As soon as the end section 2 has finished forming the hole i workpiece 9, there is a sudden axial relief, since the unthreaded shaft section 11 now suddenly sinks down through the hole 8 due to the axial contact pressure still exerted. This sudden relief can be exploited by appropriate mechanical elements or electrical controls to cause the switching or off th the axial impact. There is another mechanical possibility if there is a correspondingly pre-adjustable depth stop. As soon as the depth stop hits the workpiece 9, an axial relief is exerted, which then ends the axial impact in the normal mechanical way. Of course, each type of electrical or electronic switchover or switch-off can also take place, d corresponding control variables being able to be taken directly in the area of the rotary drive

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1 . Verfahren zum Setzen einer selbstbohrenden oder selbstlochformenden sowie gewinde¬ formenden oder -schneidenden Schraube, welche einen Bohrteil oder einen lochformenden Endabschnitt und einen Schaft mit einem selbstformenden bzw. selbstschneidenden Gewinde aufweist, bei dem beim Bohr- bzw. Lochformvorgang durch die Schraube eine in axialer Richtung wirkende Schlageinwirkung zugeschaltet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die1 . Method for setting a self-drilling or self-tapping and thread-forming or tapping screw, which has a drilling part or a hole-forming end section and a shaft with a self-tapping or self-tapping thread, in which during the drilling or hole-forming process the screw has an axial direction acting impact is switched on, characterized in that the
Schlageinwirkung (6) durch bohrhammerartig erzeugte ständige Schiagbewegungen hervorgerufen wird, und daß beim anschließenden Gewindeform- oder -schneidvorgang die Schlageinwirkung (6) beibehalten oder in ihrer Stärke vermindert oder ganz ausgeschaltet wird.Impact (6) is caused by constant Schiag movements generated by a hammer drill, and that in the subsequent thread forming or cutting operation the impact (6) is maintained or its strength is reduced or completely eliminated.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß einem Drehantrieb für die Schraube (1 ) beim Bohr- bzw. Lochformvorgang die in axialer Richtung wirkende Schlagein¬ wirkung (6) zugeschaltet wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a rotary drive for the screw (1) during the drilling or hole forming process, the acting in the axial direction Schlagein¬ effect (6) is switched on.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verminderung der Stärke der Schlageinwirkung (6) oder deren Ausschaltung unmittelbar nach dem gänzlichen Durch- dringen eines Bohrteiles oder eines lochformenden Endabschnittes (2) der Schraube (1 ) und noch vor einem Eingriff des ersten Gewindeganges in die Bohrung bzw. das Loch (8) erfolgt.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reduction in the strength of the impact (6) or its switching off immediately after the complete penetration of a drilling part or a hole-forming end portion (2) of the screw (1) and before one The first thread engages in the bore or hole (8).
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umschaltung von einer axialen Schlageinwirkung (6) auf eine in der Stärke verminderte axiale Schlagein¬ wirkung (6) oder die Ausschaltung der Schlageinwirkung (6) von einer axialen Entlastung unmittelbar nach Beendigung des Bohrvorganges bzw. des Lochformvorganges ausgelöst wird.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the switchover from an axial impact (6) to a reduced axial impact impact (6) or the elimination of the impact (6) from an axial relief immediately is triggered after completion of the drilling process or the hole forming process.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umschaltung von einer axialen Schlageinwirkung (6) auf eine in ihrer Stärke verminderte axiale Schlagein¬ wirkung (6) oder die Ausschaltung der Schlageinwirkung (6) von einem voreinstellbaren Tiefenanschlag auslösbar ist. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the switchover from an axial impact (6) to a reduced axial impact effect (6) or the deactivation of the impact (6) can be triggered by a presettable depth stop is.
EP95942173A 1994-12-21 1995-12-18 Screw driving-in process Expired - Lifetime EP0799113B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4445812A DE4445812C2 (en) 1994-12-21 1994-12-21 Procedure for setting a screw
DE4445812 1994-12-21
PCT/EP1995/004993 WO1996019320A1 (en) 1994-12-21 1995-12-18 Screw driving-in process

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0799113A1 true EP0799113A1 (en) 1997-10-08
EP0799113B1 EP0799113B1 (en) 1999-01-13

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EP95942173A Expired - Lifetime EP0799113B1 (en) 1994-12-21 1995-12-18 Screw driving-in process

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JP (1) JPH10500364A (en)
CN (1) CN1046452C (en)
AT (1) ATE175612T1 (en)
AU (1) AU706778B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2208700A1 (en)
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DE (2) DE4445812C2 (en)
DK (1) DK0799113T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2129890T3 (en)
FI (1) FI114974B (en)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10258238B4 (en) * 2002-12-13 2005-11-10 Audi Ag Nail screw for producing a joint connection, and a joining method using the nail screw and a device for performing the joining process
DE102015226085A1 (en) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hand tool with a switching unit
DE102022132885A1 (en) 2022-12-09 2024-06-20 Böllhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH Two-stage joining process, joining connection with a stack of components and joining device therefor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1909366A (en) * 1932-05-05 1933-05-16 Charles A Koza Tool
GB1056699A (en) * 1964-07-08 1967-01-25 Gkn Screws Fasteners Ltd A tool for applying a self-piercing and self-threading screw to a workpiece
US4370906A (en) * 1980-05-05 1983-02-01 Resonant Technology Company Sequenced fastener installation system
DE3121275A1 (en) * 1981-05-29 1982-12-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Device for motorised driving-in of screws
JP2558753Y2 (en) * 1991-10-31 1998-01-14 株式会社マキタ Power transmission mechanism for rotary electric tools
DE4301610C2 (en) * 1993-01-22 1996-08-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Impact wrench

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Title
See references of WO9619320A1 *

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FI972606A0 (en) 1997-06-18
DE4445812C2 (en) 1996-11-28
WO1996019320A1 (en) 1996-06-27
DK0799113T3 (en) 1999-09-06
CZ177797A3 (en) 1997-12-17
CN1170377A (en) 1998-01-14
GR3029398T3 (en) 1999-05-28
CA2208700A1 (en) 1996-06-27
FI114974B (en) 2005-02-15
PL320855A1 (en) 1997-11-10
EP0799113B1 (en) 1999-01-13
DE4445812A1 (en) 1996-06-27
CN1046452C (en) 1999-11-17
AU4345696A (en) 1996-07-10
JPH10500364A (en) 1998-01-13
FI972606A (en) 1997-06-18
DE59504846D1 (en) 1999-02-25
ES2129890T3 (en) 1999-06-16
ATE175612T1 (en) 1999-01-15
RU2153605C2 (en) 2000-07-27
AU706778B2 (en) 1999-06-24
PL177827B1 (en) 2000-01-31

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