EP0797487B1 - Procede de coulee dans un moule - Google Patents

Procede de coulee dans un moule Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0797487B1
EP0797487B1 EP95941323A EP95941323A EP0797487B1 EP 0797487 B1 EP0797487 B1 EP 0797487B1 EP 95941323 A EP95941323 A EP 95941323A EP 95941323 A EP95941323 A EP 95941323A EP 0797487 B1 EP0797487 B1 EP 0797487B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mould
meniscus
magnetic field
melt
stirrer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95941323A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0797487A1 (fr
Inventor
Leo Andersson
Jan-Erik Eriksson
Björn HELLDEN
Per Larsson
Anders Lehman
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ABB AB
Original Assignee
ABB AB
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Publication of EP0797487A1 publication Critical patent/EP0797487A1/fr
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Publication of EP0797487B1 publication Critical patent/EP0797487B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
    • B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method, during casting of a cast strand in a mould which is open at both ends in the casting direction, of controlling and distributing a rotating magnetic field which is applied to act on and stir molten parts of the cast strand in the mould.
  • the magnetic field is applied by means of a two-phase or polyphase stirrer arranged adjacent to the mould.
  • a melt is supplied to the mould by means of a free tapping jet, open casting, or through a casting tube, closed casting.
  • a cast strand is formed by the melt being cooled.
  • at least one solidified self-supporting surface layer on the casting strand has been formed.
  • the flow of molten metal in the non-solidified portions of a cast strand can be controlled by means of a two-phase or polyphase mould stirrer to which is applied a rotating magnetic field to act on and stir the melt in these parts of the cast strand, electric currents then being induced in the melt.
  • a rotating magnetic field to act on and stir the melt in these parts of the cast strand
  • forces arise which act on the melt and give rise to a rotation, a stirring, of the melt.
  • the movements of the melt must be controlled and distributed. This makes demands on the properties and field-strength distribution of the magnetic field applied to the melt, as well as on current intensity and current density and the direction of the induced electric currents.
  • the demands vary between different casting processes, such as open and closed casting.
  • closed casting that is, when melt is supplied to the mould through a casting tube which opens out into the melt below the meniscus, a sufficiently strong stirring in the non-solidified parts of the cast strand is desired to ensure the desired metallurgical result regarding casting structure, etc.; however, stirring and flow rate at the meniscus should be avoided.
  • closed casting is referred to as casting with mould power since the upper surface of the melt is often covered with a so-called casting powder.
  • a casting powder has a plurality of functions such as to thermally insulate the upper surface of the melt, protect it against oxidation and other reactions, and to prevent the adhesion of the solidified surface layer to the mould wall, as well as to take up particles separated from the melt.
  • the stirrer is arranged movable in a housing outside the mould. Between the mould and the housing is a cooling device arranged. The distance between the stirrer and the mould, due to the cooling device and housing, reduces the possibilities for the magnetic field to act in an optimum way for both open and closed casting.
  • One object of the invention is to suggest a method of controlling and distributing a rotating magnetic field which is applied to a cast strand present in a mould by means of two-phase or polyphase stirrers for stirring the non-solidified portions of a cast strand, whereby a sufficiently strong stirring to obtain the desired metallurgical result is ensured a certain distance down in the cast strand whereas the stirring near the meniscus can be controlled and checked such that optimum conditions can be offered with one and the same mould stirrer both during open and closed casting, such that sufficient stirring of the melt near the meniscus is obtained during open casting whereas this stirring is limited, inter alia to minimize the risks of powder being drawn down, during closed casting.
  • molten metal or metal alloy such as steel
  • molten metal or metal alloy such as steel
  • a mould which is open at both ends in the casting direction.
  • the molten metal is cooled, and during the passage through the mould a cast strand is formed.
  • the cast strand exhibits at least one self-supporting surface layer and residual melt contained therein.
  • the flow or the stirring of liquid metal in non-solidified portions of the formed cast strand is achieved and maintained by applying at least one rotating magnetic field to act on molten parts of the cast strand during the solidification of the metal.
  • This rotating magnetic field is applied by means of a two-phase or polyphase mould stirrer arranged adjacent to the mould.
  • the mould stirrer comprises two or more sub-stirrers. Each one of these sub-stirrers comprises at least one magnetic core and an ac-fed phase winding, arranged around the core, which are arranged in such a way that the magnetic field which is generated inside the mould, on a level with the cores, essentially comprises a magnetic field-strength component, B y , oriented across the casting direction.
  • the phase windings included in the mould stirrer are arranged sufficiently near the inner wall of the mould and are designed in such a way that the magnetic field which is generated inside the mould on a level with the phase windings mentioned essentially comprises a magnetic field-strength component, B z , oriented parallel to the casting direction.
  • the relative position in the casting direction is adjusted between the cores included in the mould stirrer and the upper surface of the melt, the meniscus.
  • the differences in the orientation of the magnetic field strength between the levels at the phase windings and the cores, respectively, which are obtained when the cores are arranged and designed according to the invention, are utilized.
  • the magnetic field-strength component across the casting direction, B y dominates on a level with the cores while at the same time the magnetic field-strength component parallel to the casting direction, B z , dominates on a level with the phase windings.
  • the invention When the invention is applied to open casting, wherein melt is supplied to the mould by means of a free tapping jet which hits the upper surface of the melt, the meniscus, the cores included in the mould stirrer are arranged with their upper edge sufficiently near the meniscus, preferably less than 100 mm from the meniscus.
  • a sufficiently strong flow is achieved and maintained at and near the meniscus by means of the forces which are generated by cooperation between the component of the magnetic field across the casting direction, B y , and the electric currents induced in the melt by the magnetic field while at the same time the component B z of the magnetic field, on a level with the above-mentioned phase windings, is applied near the surface of the meniscus without achieving any force directed opposite to the flow.
  • the cores are arranged with their upper edge 50 to 100 mm below the meniscus, while at the same time the phase windings included in the mould stirrer are arranged with their front edge 50 to 100 mm from the inner surface of the mould stirrer and, during open casting, the cores included in the mould stirrer are arranged with their upper edge less than 100 mm below the meniscus.
  • a two-phase or polyphase mould stirrer for carrying out the invented method which is arranged in the form of two or more sub-stirrers, each one at least comprising one magnetic core and one ac-fed phase winding arranged around the core, in a preferred embodiment the phase windings included in the mould stirrer are arranged in the form of foil-wound coils, where the foil-wound coils are arranged with their front edge sufficiently close to the mould wall for the magnetic field which is generated inside the mould on a level with the foil windings to essentially comprise a magnetic field-strength component, B z , oriented parallel to the casting direction, and for the foil windings to receive sufficiently indirect cooling from the cooling means arranged for cooling the mould.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show the field-strength distribution and the moment which are obtained during open and closed casting, respectively, with a stirrer arranged according to the prior art, optimally placed relative to the meniscus.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a mould with a stirrer arranged according to the invention.
  • Figure 5 shows the distribution in a plane in the casting direction for the field strength and moment of the magnetic field as well as the magnetic field, the electric currents which are induced in the mould during stirring, and the forces which arise by cooperation between the magnetic field and induced currents when the cores and phase windings included in the mould are arranged and designed according to the invention during open casting
  • Figure 6 shows the same during closed casting where the stirrer is located at essentially the same level in the mould whereas its location relative to the meniscus has been achieved by means of a possible displacement of the meniscus position for the mould.
  • the situation regarding the desired stirring of the melt at the meniscus 17 is the reverse, and the applied rotating magnetic field is arranged such that its field strength on a level with the meniscus is limited by applying the field-strength maximum B max of the magnetic field at a level essentially under the meniscus 17-, whereby the magnetic field strength B on a level with the meniscus 17 is essentially lower than the maximum value B max as is shown in Figure 2.
  • the mould stirrer is usually oversized so that it can be fed with a higher current intensity and apply a magnetic field to the melt which, at the meniscus, exhibits a sufficient magnetic field strength to achieve the required flow at the meniscus 17.
  • the mould stirrer is usually oversized so that it can be fed with a higher current intensity and apply a magnetic field to the melt which, at the meniscus, exhibits a sufficient magnetic field strength to achieve the required flow at the meniscus 17.
  • mould stirrers During casting of metal in a mould, which is open in both ends in the casting direction, with cooled wall plates 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, the metal melt is cooled and formed into a cast strand 11.
  • One or more mould stirrers is/are arranged to apply a rotating magnetic field to the non-solidified portions of the cast strand 13.
  • the mould stirrers according to one embodiment of the invention which is shown in Figures 3 and 4, comprise four sub-stirrers which are arranged adjacent to the wall plates 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d of the mould.
  • the sub-stirrers comprise at least iron cores 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and phase windings 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d arranged therearound and are surrounded by a yoke 16 of a magnetically conducting material, whereby the magnetic circuits are closed.
  • Figure 5 shows the distribution in a plane in the casting direction for the field strength and moments of the magnetic field as well as the magnetic field, the electric currents which are induced in the mould during stirring, and the forces which arise by cooperation between the magnetic field and the induced currents when the cores and the phase windings included in the mould are arranged and designed according to the invention during open casting
  • Figure 6 shows the same during closed casting where the stirrer is located at essentially the same level in the mould whereas its location relative to the meniscus is achieved by means of a possible displacement of the meniscus position of the mould.
  • the cores 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and the phase windings 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d included in the mould stirrer are arranged and designed according to the invention, it is sufficient with that displacement of the position of the meniscus 17 relative to these 14, 15 which can be achieved with a normal displacement of the meniscus position in the casting direction for obtaining a distribution of that magnetic field 21 induced in the mould which by cooperation with induced currents 22 gives optimum flow conditions both during open and closed casting.
  • the flow desired for the current casting situation is obtained essentially without any change of the field strength fed through the coil windings of the mould stirrer.
  • the cores 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and the phase windings 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d included in the mould stirrers are arranged and designed according to that embodiment of the invention which is shown in Figures 3 and 4 where each one of the phase windings is designed in the form of a foil-wound coil.
  • the foil-wound phase windings 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d are very compact and therefore need no separate cooling but are given sufficient indirect cooling through the cooling circuit of the mould.
  • mould stirrers are then arranged at moulds where more poles than four can be arranged to control and distribute a magnetic field applied to the melt in a mould according to the invention.
  • a magnetic feedback 16 a magnetic yoke
  • the magnetic yoke 16 is arranged to surround the mould and the sub-stirrers.
  • the cores 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 145 and the phase windings 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d included are arranged such that the propagation and magnetic field strength B of the rotating magnetic field applied to and acting on the non-solidified portions 13 of the cast strand are controlled and distributed in such a way that the flow of the melt at and adjacent the meniscus is braked because a force, which is directed opposite to the stirring induced in the melt by the component of the magnetic field across the casting direction, B y , is achieved and maintained by the forces which are applied to the melt on a level with the phase winding by cooperation between the component of the magnetic field in the casting direction, B z , and the electric currents which are induced in the melt by the magnetic field.
  • each one of the phase windings 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d included in the sub-stirrers is arranged with its front edge at a distance away from the melt which is smaller than 150 mm. Since the mould wall normally has a thickness which usually exceeds 8 mm, the phase winding is preferably arranged at a distance away from the inner surface of the mould wall of between 10 and 150 mm.
  • the iron cores included in the sub-stirrers are arranged more than 25 mm below the meniscus, preferably 25 to 200 mm below the meniscus.
  • the phase windings included in the sub-stirrers are preferably arranged with their front edge at a distance from the inner surface of the mould wall, that is, from the melt, which lies within an interval of 50 to 100 mm, and the iron cores 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d included in the sub-stirrers are arranged with their upper edge 50 to 100 below the meniscus.
  • each one of the iron cores 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d included in the sub-stirrers is arranged with its upper edge less than 100 mm from the meniscus.
  • the iron cores 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d included in the sub-stirrers are preferably arranged with their upper edge less than 100 mm below the meniscus.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé pour se rendre maítre pendant la coulée de métal d'un courant de métal fondu dans des parties non solidifiées d'une barre de coulée qui est formée dans une lingotière refroidie qui est ouverte aux deux extrémités dans la direction de coulée, un courant efficace et dont on peut se rendre maítre de métal fondu dans les parties non solidifiées étant obtenu et maintenu en appliquant au moins un champ magnétique tournant qui agit sur les parties non solidifiées de la barre de coulée, de manière à brasser la masse fondue par l'action d'une force sur la masse fondue qui provient d'une coopération entre les composantes d'intensité du champ magnétique et les courants électriques qui sont induits dans la masse fondue par le champ magnétique, le champ magnétique étant appliqué à la masse fondue au moyen d'un dispositif de brassage à deux phases ou polyphasé qui est disposé à l'extérieur de la lingotière et qui comprend deux sous-dispositifs de brassage ou plusieurs sous-dispositifs de brassage, chacun d'eux comprenant un noyau (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) magnétique et un enroulement (15a, 15b, 15c, 15d) de phase alimenté en courant alternatif et disposé autour du noyau, le champ magnétique à un niveau des noyaux comprenant essentiellement une composante, By, d'intensité de champ magnétique disposée transversalement à la direction de coulée et le champ magnétique à un niveau des enroulements de phase comprenant essentiellement une composante, Bz, d'intensité de champ magnétique orientée parallèlement à la direction de coulée, caractérisé en ce que les enroulements (15a, 15b, 15c, 15d) de phase inclus dans le dispositif de brassage de la lingotière sont disposés de manière adjacente à la paroi intérieure de la lingotière, de façon que le champ magnétique qui est engendré par le dispositif de brassage de la lingotière à l'intérieur de la lingotière à un niveau des enroulements de phase comprennent essentiellement la composante, Bz, d'intensité de champ magnétique, orientée parallèlement à la direction de coulée et en ce que le courant de la masse fondue au ménisque (17) et à proximité du ménisque (17) est réglé en ajustant la position du ménisque par rapport au noyau (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) inclus dans le dispositif de brassage de la lingotière de façon que l'action d'une force qui naít dans la masse fondue au ménisque et à proximité du ménisque soit modifiée par une coopération entre les courants I induits dans la masse fondue et les composantes, By et Bz, d'intensité de champ respectivement.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, pendant la coulée, dans lequel de la masse fondue est envoyée à la lingotière au moyen d'un tube de coulée qui débouche en dessous de la face supérieure de la masse fondue à savoir le ménisque, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à mettre le ménisque (17) en une position relative par rapport aux noyaux (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) inclus dans le dispositif de brassage de la lingotière de manière que le bord supérieur des noyaux soit placé suffisamment loin en dessous du ménisque (17), de sorte que le courant de la masse fondue au ménisque et à proximité du ménisque est freiné par l'action d'une force née d'une coopération entre la composante, Bz, d'intensité de champ à un niveau des enroulements de phase et les courants I électriques qui sont induits dans la masse fondue par le champ magnétique adjacent au ménisque, puisque ces forces sont de sens opposé aux forces F qui sont appliquées à la masse fondue plus bas dans la lingotière par une coopération entre la composante du champ magnétique transversalement à la direction de coulée, By, et les courants induits.
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à régler la position du ménisque (17) de façon que les noyaux (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) inclus dans les dispositifs de brassage de la lingotière soient disposés en ayant leur bord supérieur plus bas de plus de 25 mm que le ménisque (17), cependant que les enroulements (15a, 15b, 15c, 15d) de phase inclus dans le dispositif de brassage de la lingotière sont disposés en ayant leur bord avant distant de moins de 150 mm de la face intérieure de la paroi de la lingotière.
  4. Procédé suivant la revendication 2 ou la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à mettre le ménisque (17) en une position telle que les noyaux (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) inclus dans le dispositif de brassage de la lingotière soient disposés en ayant leur bord supérieur plus bas de 25 mm à 200 mm que le ménisque (17), cependant que les enroulements (15a, 15b, 15c, 15d) de phase inclus dans le dispositif de brassage de la lingotière sont disposés en ayant leur bord avant éloigné de 10 mm à 150 mm de la face intérieure de la paroi de la lingotière.
  5. Procédé suivant la revendication 2, 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à régler la position du ménisque (17) de façon que les noyaux (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) inclus dans le dispositif de brassage de la lingotière soient disposés en ayant leur bord supérieur plus bas que le ménisque (17) de 50 mm à 100 mm, cependant que les enroulements de phase inclus dans le dispositif de brassage de la lingotière sont disposés en ayant leur bord frontal à une distance de 50 mm à 100 mm de la face intérieure de la paroi de la lingotière.
  6. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, pendant la coulée, dans lequel de la masse fondue est envoyée à la lingotière au moyen d'un jet libre de coulée qui heurte la face supérieure, à savoir le ménisque, de la masse fondue, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à mettre le ménisque (17) en une position dans laquelle les noyaux (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) inclus dans le dispositif de brassage de la lingotière sont disposés en ayant leur bord supérieur suffisamment près du ménisque (17) de façon à obtenir et à maintenir un brassage suffisamment intense au ménisque et à proximité de celui-ci au moyen de l'action d'une force qui est appliquée à la masse fondue par une coopération entre la composante d'intensité du champ magnétique transversalement à la direction de coulée, By, et les courants I électriques qui sont induits dans la masse fondue par le champ magnétique, cependant que la composante, Bz, d'intensité du champ magnétique au niveau des enroulements de phase est appliquée transversalement à la surface du ménisque sans engendrer de force de sens opposé au courant.
  7. Procédé suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à régler la position du ménisque (17) de façon que les noyaux (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) inclus dans le dispositif de brassage de la lingotière soient disposés en ayant leur bord supérieur à moins de 100 mm du ménisque, tandis que les enroulements (15a, 15b, 15c, 15d) de phase inclus dans le dispositif de brassage de la lingotière sont disposés en ayant leur bord avant à moins de 150 mm de la face intérieure de la paroi de la lingotière.
  8. Procédé suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à régler la position du ménisque (17) de façon que les noyaux (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) inclus dans le dispositif de brassage de la lingotière soient disposés en ayant leur bord supérieur plus bas de moins de 100 mm que le ménisque, cependant que les enroulements (15a, 15b, 15c, 15d) de phase inclus dans le dispositif de brassage de la lingotière sont disposés en ayant leur bord avant à moins de 150 mm de la face intérieure de la paroi de la lingotière.
EP95941323A 1994-12-15 1995-12-14 Procede de coulee dans un moule Expired - Lifetime EP0797487B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9404370 1994-12-15
SE9404370A SE513627C2 (sv) 1994-12-15 1994-12-15 Sätt och anordning vid gjutning i kokill
PCT/SE1995/001506 WO1996018469A1 (fr) 1994-12-15 1995-12-14 Procede et dispositif de coulee dans un moule

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0797487A1 EP0797487A1 (fr) 1997-10-01
EP0797487B1 true EP0797487B1 (fr) 2000-06-21

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95941323A Expired - Lifetime EP0797487B1 (fr) 1994-12-15 1995-12-14 Procede de coulee dans un moule

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0797487B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1083308C (fr)
AT (1) ATE193986T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69517599T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2150593T3 (fr)
SE (1) SE513627C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996018469A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10057037A1 (de) * 2000-11-17 2002-05-23 Sms Demag Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Stranggießen von Metallen, insbesondere von Stahl
CN103331435A (zh) * 2013-07-03 2013-10-02 上海大学 外加旋转磁场和电流复合控制金属凝固相组织的方法及其熔铸装置
JP6930660B2 (ja) * 2018-05-08 2021-09-01 日本製鉄株式会社 電磁攪拌装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2109724A (en) * 1981-11-20 1983-06-08 British Steel Corp Improvements in or relating to electromagnetic stirring in the continuous casting of steel
DE3819493A1 (de) * 1988-06-08 1989-12-14 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Knueppel- bzw. vorblock-stranggiesskokille
LU88034A1 (fr) * 1991-11-13 1993-05-17 Centrem Sa Procédé de brassage électromagnétique en coulée continue
US5251685A (en) * 1992-08-05 1993-10-12 Inland Steel Company Apparatus and method for sidewall containment of molten metal with horizontal alternating magnetic fields

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69517599T2 (de) 2001-02-15
EP0797487A1 (fr) 1997-10-01
SE513627C2 (sv) 2000-10-09
DE69517599D1 (de) 2000-07-27
SE9404370L (sv) 1996-06-16
WO1996018469A1 (fr) 1996-06-20
CN1176613A (zh) 1998-03-18
SE9404370D0 (sv) 1994-12-15
ES2150593T3 (es) 2000-12-01
CN1083308C (zh) 2002-04-24
ATE193986T1 (de) 2000-07-15

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