EP0796981B1 - Electromagnetic valve driving device in an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Electromagnetic valve driving device in an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0796981B1
EP0796981B1 EP97102043A EP97102043A EP0796981B1 EP 0796981 B1 EP0796981 B1 EP 0796981B1 EP 97102043 A EP97102043 A EP 97102043A EP 97102043 A EP97102043 A EP 97102043A EP 0796981 B1 EP0796981 B1 EP 0796981B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
cylinder head
longitudinal axis
actuator housing
valve
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP97102043A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0796981A1 (en
Inventor
Karl Treffler
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication of EP0796981A1 publication Critical patent/EP0796981A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator for the Lift valves of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine cylinder head having a longitudinal axis, with an actuator housing within which an essentially between two solenoids in the valve axis direction Armature is slidably acting on the lift valve.
  • an electromagnetic actuator for the Lift valves of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine cylinder head having a longitudinal axis, with an actuator housing within which an essentially between two solenoids in the valve axis direction Armature is slidably acting on the lift valve.
  • An electromagnetic lift valve operating device for an internal combustion engine has because of the freedom in valve timing, i.e. H. with regard to the respective opening and closing times of the globe valves immense advantages, however, have to be operated, especially to open of the globe valve relatively high forces are applied, which is a certain Requires minimum size of solenoid coils and armature.
  • arises in the magnetic coils when operating the globe valves, in particular at higher operating frequencies relatively much heat loss, which are dissipated in a suitable manner got to. A pure convection cooling of the actuator housing in the surrounding Air is not sufficient for this.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to demonstrate measures to remedy the problem described.
  • the outer walls of the actuator housing which extend essentially in the direction of the cylinder head longitudinal axis, have the shape of a circular cylinder segment, the circular cylinder axis of which coincides with the valve axis, and lie essentially over the entire surface of the cylinder head, while at least one of them Extending transversely to the cylinder head longitudinal axis outer walls is flat.
  • the actuators can be arranged relatively close to each other due to the flat outer wall, while the required base area, which is required with regard to a minimum dimension of the magnetic coils, can be provided by the extension transverse to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder head.
  • a rectangular cross section would now be possible, but the cylinder head machining then required would be too complex for this.
  • a further essential feature of the invention can be seen in the fact that the actuator housing, with the outer walls extending essentially in the direction of the cylinder head longitudinal axis, rests essentially over the entire surface of the cylinder head. This enables good heat dissipation via the cylinder head wall, which itself is liquid-cooled, for example.
  • the actuator housing can in principle be of multiple parts in order to a simple assembly of this electromagnetic actuator to enable d. H. to easily anchor first to be arranged between the two solenoids and then the individual Housing parts around the armature and the solenoids to the actuator housing put together.
  • the extrusion can be made of a light metal alloy similar to the material of the cylinder head be made to build up tension by different Avoid thermal expansion or to ensure that in the event of thermal expansion of the cylinder head and the actuator housing the latter always rests on the cylinder head.
  • the same components with the same reference numbers are used in all of the figures designated. Is always one in its entirety designated 1 Actuating device for a lift valve 2 in an internal combustion engine cylinder head 3 arranged.
  • Actuator housing 4 formed in several parts, d. H. it consists of individual Housing segments 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, in a suitable manner, not shown are interconnected.
  • Two overhead housing segments 4a, 4b are essentially on the left side and on the right side of the upper magnet coil 5 arranged, in the same way, two lower housing segments 4c, 4d in essentially provided on the left and right sides of the lower magnet coil 5.
  • the actuator housing 4 thus four lateral outer walls 8a, 8b and 9a, 9b on all of them Exemplary embodiments, cf. 1b, 2b, 3b.
  • FIGS. 1b, 2b, 3b there are several electromagnetic actuating devices 1 arranged in the cylinder head 3 side by side. Because of this Cylinder head 3 two intake valves 6 and two exhaust valves per cylinder 20 has two actuators for each cylinder 20 1 arranged directly next to each other, after which under one a certain distance again a group of two actuators 1 for the next cylinder 20 of the cylinder head follows.
  • This cylinder head thus has a longitudinal axis 10, in the direction of which the individual Cylinder 20 are arranged side by side.
  • the individual outer walls of the Actuator housing 4 are now designated such that the outer walls 8a, 8b essentially in the direction of the cylinder head longitudinal axis 10 extend while the outer walls 9a, 9b substantially transverse to Extend longitudinal axis 10.
  • the outer walls 8a, 8b of the actuator housing 4 each have the shape of a circular cylinder segment, whose circular cylinder axis coincides with the valve axis 6.
  • the two Outer walls 9a, 9b of each actuator housing 4 are flat. This enables at least two actuator housings 4 to be optimal Arrange space directly next to each other.
  • two actuator housings per cylinder must be arranged side by side, is sufficient, only one of the two outer walls 9a, 9b, namely the one that faces the adjacent actuator housing 4, to train just while the cylinder-specific group of two this actuator housing 4 outer wall one of the flat shape may have a different shape.
  • the shape of the outer walls 8a, 8b of a circular cylinder segment is the shape of the outer walls 8a, 8b of a circular cylinder segment.
  • This allows the one available Construction space can be used optimally, d. H. the solenoids 5 and each armature 11 can be made as large as possible to accommodate the movement each lift valve to be able to easily generate 2 required forces.
  • the circular cylindrical segment shape also enables simple machining of the cylinder head 3 or the actuator housing 4 receiving Walls 3 'of this cylinder head 3, such that the actuator housing 4 with their outer walls 8a, 8b essentially over the entire surface of the cylinder head 3 issue.
  • the housing segments 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, that are in contact with the cylinder head 3 should be made of one material, whose thermal expansion behavior is very similar to that of the cylinder head 3 is.
  • This cylinder head 3 usually consists of a suitable light metal alloy, in this case, the housing segments 4a to 4d should also a comparable light metal alloy to withstand tensions to avoid by different thermal expansions or to ensure that the actuator housing 4 always with its outer walls 8a, 8b bears against the cylinder head 3.
  • each solenoid 5 is used in its core 12.
  • each actuator housing 4 is attached to the cylinder head 3.
  • an electrical plug contact 14 can also be seen for supplying the magnetic coils 5 with electrical current.
  • a structure of the actuator housing 4 which differs from FIGS. 1, 2 shows the embodiment of FIGS. 3a to 3d.
  • the actuator housing 4 is in essentially designed as a hollow cylindrical extrusion into which above and below, the magnetic coils 5 with the interposition of the armature 11 are used with them assigned ferromagnetic coil cores 12.
  • the latter have a collar 12 'in the outer end faces, so that each coil core 12 rests on the end face of the actuator housing 4.
  • Two diagonally arranged locking screws 16 then connect this entire one Unit of the actuator housing 4 with the two coil cores 12 and the integrated anchor 11, while with the other two, also diagonally arranged fastening screws 13 of this actuator housing 4 is screwed back to the cylinder head 3.
  • This design stands out thus characterized by an extremely simple, compact design that only requires a small number of parts.
  • This can advantageously Actuator housing 4 or extrusion are prefabricated to fit, so that after assembling the electromagnetic actuator no rework is required.
  • the anchor 11 is advantageously exactly inside the extrusion or actuator housing 4, see above that he can not twist about the lift valve axis 6.
  • valve stem 2 ' is formed so long that it extends to the anchor 11 so that the coupling rod 7 can be omitted without replacement. All that is required is also that in the other exemplary embodiments 1a, 2a on the other side of the armature 11 provided so-called spring rod 7 ', a spring plate lying above the actuator housing 4 17 carries, on which one of the usual valve closing spring 18 'counteracting Valve opening spring 18 acts.
  • This design has the advantage that a otherwise required guide element for the coupling rod 7 without replacement can be omitted, since the valve stem 2 'already through the usual valve guide 19 is performed. It should be pointed out that, however this and other details are quite different from the exemplary embodiments shown can be designed without the content of the claims leave.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung für die Hubventile eines eine Längsachse aufweisenden mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschinen-Zylinderkopfes, mit einem Aktuatorgehäuse, innerhalb dessen ein im wesentlichen zwischen zwei Magnetspulen in Ventilachsrichtung verschiebbar auf das Hubventil einwirkender Anker angeordnet ist. Zum bekannten Stand der Technik wird beispielshalber auf die EP 0 197 357 A2 oder die EP 0 405 189 B1 verwiesen.The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator for the Lift valves of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine cylinder head having a longitudinal axis, with an actuator housing within which an essentially between two solenoids in the valve axis direction Armature is slidably acting on the lift valve. To the well-known The state of the art is, for example, EP 0 197 357 A2 or refer to EP 0 405 189 B1.

Eine elektromagnetische Hubventil-Betätigungsvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine hat wegen der Freiheit hinsichtlich der Ventilsteuerzeiten, d. h. hinsichtlich des jeweiligen Öffnungs- und Schließzeitpunktes der Hubventile immense Vorteile, jedoch müssen zum Betätigen, insbesondere zum Öffnen des Hubventiles relativ hohe Kräfte aufgebracht werden, was eine gewisse Mindestgröße von Magnetspulen und Anker erforderlich macht. Als Folge hiervon ist es äußerst schwierig, die bekannten Aktuatorgehäuse überhaupt in einen heute üblichen Zylinderkopf beispielsweise einer ein Kraftfahrzeug antreibenden Brennkraftmaschine unterzubringen. Noch intensiver tritt dieses Problem bei Brennkraftmaschinen auf, die zwei oder mehr Einlaßventile oder Auslaßventile je Zylinder besitzen. Ferner entsteht in den Magnetspulen bei der Betätigung der Hubventile insbesondere bei höheren Betätigungsfrequenzen relativ viel Verlustwärme, die auf geeignete Weise abgeführt werden muß. Eine reine Konvektionskühlung des Aktuatorgehäuses in der umgebenden Luft ist hierfür nicht ausreichend.An electromagnetic lift valve operating device for an internal combustion engine has because of the freedom in valve timing, i.e. H. with regard to the respective opening and closing times of the globe valves immense advantages, however, have to be operated, especially to open of the globe valve relatively high forces are applied, which is a certain Requires minimum size of solenoid coils and armature. As a result of these, it is extremely difficult to even know the known actuator housings in a cylinder head common today, for example a motor vehicle to accommodate driving internal combustion engine. This occurs even more intensely Problem with internal combustion engines that have two or more intake valves or have exhaust valves per cylinder. Furthermore, arises in the magnetic coils when operating the globe valves, in particular at higher operating frequencies relatively much heat loss, which are dissipated in a suitable manner got to. A pure convection cooling of the actuator housing in the surrounding Air is not sufficient for this.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, Maßnahmen zur Abhilfe der geschilderten Problematik aufzuzeigen.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist vorgesehen, daß die sich im wesentlichen in Richtung der Zylinderkopf-Längsachse erstreckenden Außenwände des Aktuatorgehäuses die Form eines Kreiszylinder-Segmentes, dessen Kreiszylinderachse mit der Ventilachse zusammenfällt, besitzen und im wesentlichen vollflächig am Zylinderkopf anliegen, während zumindest eine der sich quer zur Zylinderkopf-Längsachse erstreckenden Außenwände eben ausgebildet ist. Mit dieser beschriebenen Gestaltung stellt sich eine optimale Raumausnutzung ein, d. h. es ist möglich, in einem in seinen Abmessungen üblichen Brennkraftmaschinen-Zylinderkopf auch für zwei Einlaßventile und Auslaßventile die jeweils benötigte Anzahl von Aktuatorgehäusen, d. h. elektromagnetischen Hubventil-Betätigungsvorrichtungen unterzubringen. In Zylinderkopf-Längsrichtung können aufgrund der ebenen Außenwand die Aktuatoren relativ nahe nebeneinanderliegend angeordnet werden, während die erforderliche Grundfläche, die im Hinblick auf eine Mindestabmessung der Magnetspulen benötigt wird, durch die Erstreckung quer zur Zylinderkopf-Längsachse zur Verfügung gestellt werden kann. Grundsätzlich wäre nun ein ein Rechteckquerschnitt möglich, jedoch wäre hierfür die dann erforderliche Zylinderkopf-Bearbeitung zu aufwendig. Ein weiteres wesentliches Merkmal der Erfindung ist nämlich darin zu sehen, daß das Aktuatorgehäuse mit den sich im wesentlichen in Richtung der Zylinderkopf-Längsachse erstreckenden Außenwänden im wesentlichen vollflächig am Zylinderkopf anliegt. Dies ermöglicht eine gute Wärmeabfuhr über die ihrerseits beispielsweise selbst flüssigkeitsgekühlte Zylinderkopfwand. Sähe man nun für das Aktuatorgehäuse einen Rechteckquerschnitt vor, so müßte die entsprechende Aufnahme im Zylinderkopf ebenso rechtwinkelig ausgefräst werden, was äußerst aufwendig ist. Wesentlich einfacher ist demgegenüber die Bearbeitung eines Kreisquerschnittes, und zwar insbesondere dann, wenn die beiden Zylinderkopfwände, die die beiden einander gegenüberliegenden, sich in Richtung der Zylinderkopf-Längsachse erstreckenden Außenwände des Aktuatorgehäuses aufnehmen, gemeinsam bearbeitet werden können. Aus diesem Grunde wird vorgeschlagen, diese entsprechenden Außenwände als Kreiszylinder-Segmente zu formen, wobei die Kreiszylinderachse mit dem Zentrum des Aktuatorgehäuses und somit auch mit der Achse der Hubventile, der sog. Ventilachse, zusammenfällt.
The object of the invention is therefore to demonstrate measures to remedy the problem described.
To achieve this object, it is provided that the outer walls of the actuator housing, which extend essentially in the direction of the cylinder head longitudinal axis, have the shape of a circular cylinder segment, the circular cylinder axis of which coincides with the valve axis, and lie essentially over the entire surface of the cylinder head, while at least one of them Extending transversely to the cylinder head longitudinal axis outer walls is flat. With this design described, an optimal use of space is achieved, ie it is possible to accommodate the required number of actuator housings, ie electromagnetic lift valve actuating devices, in a conventional internal combustion engine cylinder head for two intake valves and exhaust valves. In the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head, the actuators can be arranged relatively close to each other due to the flat outer wall, while the required base area, which is required with regard to a minimum dimension of the magnetic coils, can be provided by the extension transverse to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder head. Basically, a rectangular cross section would now be possible, but the cylinder head machining then required would be too complex for this. A further essential feature of the invention can be seen in the fact that the actuator housing, with the outer walls extending essentially in the direction of the cylinder head longitudinal axis, rests essentially over the entire surface of the cylinder head. This enables good heat dissipation via the cylinder head wall, which itself is liquid-cooled, for example. If one now saw a rectangular cross section for the actuator housing, the corresponding receptacle in the cylinder head would also have to be milled out at right angles, which is extremely complex. In contrast, the machining of a circular cross section is much easier, in particular when the two cylinder head walls, which accommodate the two opposite outer walls of the actuator housing that extend in the direction of the cylinder head longitudinal axis, can be machined together. For this reason, it is proposed to form these corresponding outer walls as circular cylinder segments, the circular cylinder axis coinciding with the center of the actuator housing and thus also with the axis of the lift valves, the so-called valve axis.

Um auch für den Anker selbst, der sich im Aktuatorgehäuse befindet, eine möglichst große Grundfläche bereitzustellen, kann dessen Geometrie unter den gleichen Überlegungen ausgebildet sein, so daß auch hier die sich im wesentlichen Richtung der Zylinderkopf-Längsachse erstreckenden Außenseiten des Ankers die Form eines konzentrisch zur Ventilachse liegenden Kreiszylinder-Segmentes besitzen, während die sich quer zur Zylinderkopf-Längsachse erstreckenden Außenseiten des Ankers eben ausgebildet sind. Der Anker ist somit symmetrisch ausgebildet, um eine optimale Kraftverteilung bzw. Krafteinwirkung bei seiner durch die Magnetspulenerregung hervorgerufenen Bewegung sicherzustellen. Selbstverständlich kann auch das Aktuatorgehäuse symmetrisch ausgebildet sein, d. h. abweichend von der oben angegebenen Form, wonach zumindest eine der sich quer zur Zylinderkopf-Längsachse erstreckenden Außenwände eben ausgebildet ist, können auch die beiden sich quer zur Zylinderkopf-Längsachse erstreckenden Außenwände eben gestaltet sein.In order also for the armature itself, which is located in the actuator housing Providing the largest possible footprint can under its geometry be the same considerations, so that here too essential direction of the cylinder head longitudinal axis extending outer sides the shape of the armature is concentric to the valve axis Own circular cylinder segment, while that is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder head extending outer sides of the armature are flat. The armature is thus symmetrical in order to optimally distribute the force or force in its caused by the magnetic coil excitation Ensure movement. Of course that can also Actuator housing be symmetrical, d. H. deviating from the Form specified above, according to which at least one of which is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder head extending outer walls is flat, can the two extending transversely to the cylinder head longitudinal axis Outside walls just be designed.

Das Aktuatorgehäuse kann grundsätzlich mehrteilig ausgebildet sein, um einen einfachen Zusammenbau dieser elektromagnetischen Betätigungsvorrichtung zu ermöglichen, d. h. um auf einfache Weise den Anker zunächst zwischen den beiden Magnetspulen anzuordnen und anschließend die einzelnen Gehäuseteile um den Anker und die Magnetspulen herum zum Aktuatorgehäuse zusammenzufügen. Deutlich weniger Einzelteile werden jedoch benötigt, wenn das Aktuatorgehäuse im wesentlichen als hohlzylindrisches Strangpreßteil ausgebildet ist, in welches die Magnetspulen mit zugeordneten ferromagnetischen Spulenkernen eingesetzt sind. Das Strangpreßteil kann dabei aus einer dem Material des Zylinderkopfes ähnlichen Leichtmetall-Legierung gefertigt sein, um den Aufbau von Spannungen durch unterschiedliche Wärmedehnung zu vermeiden bzw. um sicherzustellen, daß bei einer Wärmeausdehnung des Zylinderkopfes sowie des Aktuatorgehäuses letzteres stets am Zylinderkopf anliegt.The actuator housing can in principle be of multiple parts in order to a simple assembly of this electromagnetic actuator to enable d. H. to easily anchor first to be arranged between the two solenoids and then the individual Housing parts around the armature and the solenoids to the actuator housing put together. However, significantly fewer individual parts needed if the actuator housing essentially as a hollow cylindrical Extruded part is formed, in which the solenoids are assigned ferromagnetic coil cores are used. The extrusion can be made of a light metal alloy similar to the material of the cylinder head be made to build up tension by different Avoid thermal expansion or to ensure that in the event of thermal expansion of the cylinder head and the actuator housing the latter always rests on the cylinder head.

Dies sowie weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung gehen auch aus der folgenden Beschreibung mehrerer bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele hervor. Erfindungswesentlich können dabei sämtliche näher bezeichneten Merkmale sein. Im einzelnen zeigt

Fig. 1a
einen Querschnitt durch einen Brennkraftmaschinen-Zylinderkopf mit einer erfindungsgemäßen elektromagnetischen Betätigungsvorrichtung,
Fig. 1b
nebeneinanderliegend die Ansicht X sowie die Schnitte A-A und B-B aus Fig. 1a, wobei diese Schnitte verschiedenen Brennkraftmaschinen-Zylindern zugeordnet sind,
Fig. 2a
eine Darstellung gemäß Fig. 1a für eine andere Ausführungsform,
Fig. 2b
wieder die Ansicht X sowie die Schnitte A-A und B-B aus Fig. 2a, entsprechend der Darstellung in Fig. 1b,
Fig. 3a
noch eine weitere Ausführungsform in einem Querschnitt durch den Brennkraftmaschinen-Zylinderkopf,
Fig. 3b
wieder die Ansicht X sowie die Schnitte A-A und B-B aus Fig. 3a,
Fig. 3c
den Schnitt C-C und
Fig. 3d
den Schnitt D-D aus Fig. 3b.
This and other advantages and features of the invention also emerge from the following description of several preferred exemplary embodiments. All features specified in more detail can be essential to the invention. In detail shows
Fig. 1a
3 shows a cross section through an internal combustion engine cylinder head with an electromagnetic actuation device according to the invention,
Fig. 1b
the view X and the sections AA and BB from FIG. 1a lying side by side, these sections being assigned to different internal combustion engine cylinders,
Fig. 2a
a representation according to FIG. 1a for another embodiment,
Fig. 2b
again the view X and the sections AA and BB from FIG. 2a, corresponding to the representation in FIG. 1b,
Fig. 3a
yet another embodiment in a cross section through the engine cylinder head,
Fig. 3b
again the view X and the sections AA and BB from Fig. 3a,
Fig. 3c
the cut CC and
Fig. 3d
the section DD from Fig. 3b.

In allen Figurendarstellungen sind gleiche Bauteile mit gleichen Bezugsziffern bezeichnet. Stets ist eine in ihrer Gesamtheit mit 1 bezeichnete elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung für ein Hubventil 2 in einem Brennkraftmaschinen-Zylinderkopf 3 angeordnet. Die elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung 1 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Aktuatorgehäuse 4, innerhalb dessen zwischen zwei Magnetspulen 5 ein Anker 11 angeordnet ist, der in Richtung der Hubventil-Achse 6 (= Ventilachsrichtung 6) verschiebbar ist und über eine Kuppelstange 7 auf den Kopf des Ventilschaftes des Hubventiles 2 einwirkt. Wie dem Fachmann bekannt, kann durch entsprechende Erregung bzw. Entregung der Magnetspulen 5 somit der Anker in den Figurendarstellungen 1a, 2a, 3a ausgehend von der gezeigten Position nach unten bewegt werden, wodurch das Hubventil 2 geöffnet wird, und anschließend daran wieder nach oben bewegt werden, wodurch das Hubventil 2 in seine dargestellte, geschlossene Position gebracht wird.The same components with the same reference numbers are used in all of the figures designated. Is always one in its entirety designated 1 Actuating device for a lift valve 2 in an internal combustion engine cylinder head 3 arranged. The electromagnetic actuator 1 essentially consists of an actuator housing 4, within which an armature 11 is arranged between two magnetic coils 5 which is displaceable in the direction of the lift valve axis 6 (= valve axis direction 6) is and via a coupling rod 7 on the head of the valve stem of the lift valve 2 acts. As is known to the person skilled in the art, by appropriate Excitation or de-excitation of the magnetic coils 5 thus the armature in the figure representations 1a, 2a, 3a starting from the position shown can be moved down, whereby the lift valve 2 is opened, and then move it up again, causing the lift valve 2 is brought into its closed position shown.

Während auf den Aufbau des Aktuatorgehäuses 4 beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Fig. 3a bis 3d später eingegangen wird, ist bei den Fig. 1, 2 das Aktuatorgehäuse 4 mehrteilig ausgebildet, d. h. es besteht aus einzelnen Gehäusesegmenten 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, die auf geeignete, nicht gezeigte Weise miteinander verbunden sind. Zwei obenliegende Gehäusesegmente 4a, 4b sind im wesentlichen linksseitig sowie rechtsseitig der oberen Magnetspule 5 angeordnet, in gleicher Weise sind zwei untere Gehäusesegmente 4c, 4d im wesentlichen linksseitig und rechtsseitig der unteren Magnetspule 5 vorgesehen. Im zusammengebauten Zustand weist das Aktuatorgehäuse 4 somit vier seitliche Außenwände 8a, 8b und 9a, 9b auf, und zwar bei sämtlichen Ausführungsbeispielen, vgl. Fig. 1b, 2b, 3b.While on the structure of the actuator housing 4 in the embodiment 3a to 3d will be discussed later in FIGS. 1, 2 Actuator housing 4 formed in several parts, d. H. it consists of individual Housing segments 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, in a suitable manner, not shown are interconnected. Two overhead housing segments 4a, 4b are essentially on the left side and on the right side of the upper magnet coil 5 arranged, in the same way, two lower housing segments 4c, 4d in essentially provided on the left and right sides of the lower magnet coil 5. In the assembled state, the actuator housing 4 thus four lateral outer walls 8a, 8b and 9a, 9b on all of them Exemplary embodiments, cf. 1b, 2b, 3b.

Wie die Fig. 1b, 2b, 3b zeigen, sind mehrere elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtungen 1 im Zylinderkopf 3 nebeneinander angeordnet. Da dieser Zylinderkopf 3 zwei Einlaßventile 6 und auch zwei Auslaßventile je Zylinder 20 aufweist, sind jeweils für einen Zylinder 20 zwei Betätigungsvorrichtungen 1 direkt nebeneinanderliegend angeordnet, wonach unter einem gewissen Abstand abermals eine Zweiergruppe von Betätigungsvorrichtungen 1 für den nächsten Zylinder 20 des Zylinderkopfes folgt. Dieser Zylinderkopf besitzt somit eine Längsachse 10, in Richtung derer die einzelnen Zylinder 20 nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Die einzelnen Außenwände des Aktuatorgehäuses 4 sind nun derart bezeichnet, daß sich die Außenwände 8a, 8b im wesentlichen in Richtung der Zylinderkopf-Längsachse 10 erstrecken, während sich die Außenwände 9a, 9b im wesentlichen quer zur Längsachse 10 erstrecken.As shown in FIGS. 1b, 2b, 3b, there are several electromagnetic actuating devices 1 arranged in the cylinder head 3 side by side. Because of this Cylinder head 3 two intake valves 6 and two exhaust valves per cylinder 20 has two actuators for each cylinder 20 1 arranged directly next to each other, after which under one a certain distance again a group of two actuators 1 for the next cylinder 20 of the cylinder head follows. This cylinder head thus has a longitudinal axis 10, in the direction of which the individual Cylinder 20 are arranged side by side. The individual outer walls of the Actuator housing 4 are now designated such that the outer walls 8a, 8b essentially in the direction of the cylinder head longitudinal axis 10 extend while the outer walls 9a, 9b substantially transverse to Extend longitudinal axis 10.

Wie ersichtlich und wie oben bereits erläutert, besitzen die Außenwände 8a, 8b des Aktuatorgehäuses 4 jeweils die Form eines Kreiszylindersegmentes, dessen Kreiszylinderachse mit der Ventilachse 6 zusammenfällt. Die beiden Außenwände 9a, 9b jedes Aktuatorgehäuses 4 hingegen sind eben ausgebildet. Dies ermöglicht es, zumindest zwei Aktuatorgehäuse 4 unter optimaler Bauraumausnutzung direkt nebeneinanderliegend anzuordnen. In diesem Zusammenhang sei darauf hingewiesen, daß es dann, wenn wie hier lediglich zwei Akutatorgehäuse je Zylinder nebeneinander angeordnet sein müssen, ausreichend ist, lediglich eine der beiden Außenwände 9a, 9b, und zwar diejenige, welche dem benachbarten Aktuatorgehäuse 4 zugewandt ist, eben auszubilden, während die bezüglich der zylinderindividuellen Zweiergruppe dieser Aktuatorgehäuse 4 außenliegende Außenwand eine von der ebenen Formgebung abweichende Gestalt aufweisen kann.As can be seen and as already explained above, the outer walls 8a, 8b of the actuator housing 4 each have the shape of a circular cylinder segment, whose circular cylinder axis coincides with the valve axis 6. The two Outer walls 9a, 9b of each actuator housing 4, however, are flat. This enables at least two actuator housings 4 to be optimal Arrange space directly next to each other. In this Context, it should be noted that, if only as here two actuator housings per cylinder must be arranged side by side, is sufficient, only one of the two outer walls 9a, 9b, namely the one that faces the adjacent actuator housing 4, to train just while the cylinder-specific group of two this actuator housing 4 outer wall one of the flat shape may have a different shape.

Wesentlich ist jedoch die Ausbildung der Außenwände 8a, 8b in Form jeweils eines Kreiszylinder-Segmentes. Hierdurch kann der zur Verfügung stehende Bauraum optimal genutzt werden, d. h. die Magnetspulen 5 sowie jeder Anker 11 kann so groß als möglich ausgebildet werden, um die für die Bewegung jedes Hubventiles 2 erforderlichen Kräfte einfach erzeugen zu können. Ferner ermöglicht die Kreiszylindersegmentform auch eine einfache Bearbeitung des Zylinderkopfes 3 bzw. der das Aktuatorgehäuse 4 aufnehmenden Wände 3' dieses Zylinderkopfes 3, derart, daß die Aktuatorgehäuse 4 mit ihren Außenwänden 8a, 8b im wesentlichen vollflächig am Zylinderkopf 3 anliegen. Dies ermöglicht einen guten Wärmeübergang vom Aktuatorgehäuse 4 auf die entsprechende Zylinderkopf-Wand 3', so daß die ihrerseits durch Kühlflüssigkeit gut gekühlte Zylinderkopfwand 3' eine wirkungsvolle Kühlung des Aktuatorgehäuses 4 bewirkt. Die in den Magnetspulen 5 erzeugte Wärme wird somit über die Außenwände 8a, 8b des Aktuatorgehäuses 4 sowie über die Zylinderkopfwände 3' an die im Kühlflüssigkeitsraum 15 des Zylinderkopfes 3 geführte Kühlflüssigkeit abgegeben.What is essential, however, is the shape of the outer walls 8a, 8b of a circular cylinder segment. This allows the one available Construction space can be used optimally, d. H. the solenoids 5 and each armature 11 can be made as large as possible to accommodate the movement each lift valve to be able to easily generate 2 required forces. Furthermore, the circular cylindrical segment shape also enables simple machining of the cylinder head 3 or the actuator housing 4 receiving Walls 3 'of this cylinder head 3, such that the actuator housing 4 with their outer walls 8a, 8b essentially over the entire surface of the cylinder head 3 issue. This enables good heat transfer from the actuator housing 4 on the corresponding cylinder head wall 3 ', so that in turn cylinder head wall 3 'well cooled by coolant is an effective one Cooling of the actuator housing 4 causes. The generated in the magnetic coils 5 Heat is thus generated via the outer walls 8a, 8b of the actuator housing 4 and via the cylinder head walls 3 'to those in the coolant space 15 of the cylinder head 3 passed coolant.

Der Vollständigkeit halber sei noch darauf hingewiesen, daß bei den Ausführungsbeispielen nach den Fig. 1 und 2 die Gehäusesegmente 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, die am Zylinderkopf 3 anliegen, in einem Material ausgeführt sein sollten, dessen Wärmedehnverhalten demjenigen des Zylinderkopfes 3 sehr ähnlich ist. Zumeist besteht dieser Zylinderkopf 3 aus einer geeigneten Leichtmetall-Legierung, in diesem Falle sollten auch die Gehäusesegmente 4a bis 4d aus einer vergleichbaren Leichtmetall-Legierung bestehen, um Spannungen durch unterschiedliche Wärmedehnungen zu vermeiden bzw. um sicherzustellen, daß das Aktuatorgehäuse 4 stets mit seinen Außenwänden 8a, 8b am Zylinderkopf 3 anliegt. Zur Erzielung des erforderlichen Magnetflusses hingegen befindet sich zumindest innerhalb der Magnetspulen 5 - wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 oder auch innerhalb und außerhalb dieser Magnetspulen 5 - wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 - ein geeigneter ferromagnetischer Spulenkern 12. Dabei ist bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 jede Magnetspule 5 in ihren Spulenkern 12 eingesetzt.For the sake of completeness, it should also be pointed out that in the exemplary embodiments 1 and 2, the housing segments 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, that are in contact with the cylinder head 3 should be made of one material, whose thermal expansion behavior is very similar to that of the cylinder head 3 is. This cylinder head 3 usually consists of a suitable light metal alloy, in this case, the housing segments 4a to 4d should also a comparable light metal alloy to withstand tensions to avoid by different thermal expansions or to ensure that the actuator housing 4 always with its outer walls 8a, 8b bears against the cylinder head 3. To achieve the required magnetic flux on the other hand is located at least within the magnetic coils 5 - as in the case of 2 or also inside and outside of this Magnetic coils 5 - as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 - a suitable one ferromagnetic coil core 12. This is in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 each solenoid 5 is used in its core 12.

Ebenfalls der Vollständigkeit halber soll noch auf die beiden Befestigungsschrauben 13 hingewiesen werden, mit Hilfe derer jedes Aktuatorgehäuse 4 am Zylinderkopf 3 befestigt ist. Diese Befestigungsschrauben 13 durchdringen das gesamte Aktuatorgehäuse 4 parallel zur Ventilachsrichtung 6. Ferner erkennt man in den Fig. 1b, 2b noch einen elektrischen Steckkontakt 14 für die Versorgung der Magnetspulen 5 mit elektrischem Strom. For the sake of completeness, the two fastening screws should also be used 13 are pointed out, with the aid of which each actuator housing 4 is attached to the cylinder head 3. Penetrate these mounting screws 13 the entire actuator housing 4 parallel to the valve axis direction 6. Furthermore 1b, 2b an electrical plug contact 14 can also be seen for supplying the magnetic coils 5 with electrical current.

Einen von den Fig. 1, 2 abweichenden Aufbau des Aktuatorgehäuses 4 zeigt das Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Fig. 3a bis 3d. Hier sind keine einzelnen Gehäusesegmente mehr vorgesehen, sondern das Aktuatorgehäuse 4 ist im wesentlichen als hohlzylindrisches Strangpreßteil ausgebildet, in das von oben und von unten die Magnetspulen 5 unter Zwischenlage des Ankers 11 mit ihnen zugeordneten ferromagnetischen Spulenkernen 12 eingesetzt sind. Letztere weisen dabei in den äußeren Stirnseiten einen Bund 12' auf, so daß jeder Spulenkern 12 auf der Stirnseite des Aktuatorgehäuses 4 aufliegt. Zwei diagonal angeordnete Schließschrauben 16 verbinden dann diese gesamte Baueinheit des Aktuatorgehäuses 4 mit den beiden Spulenkernen 12 sowie dem integrierten Anker 11, während mit den anderen beiden, ebenfalls diagonal angeordneten Befestigungsschrauben 13 dieses Aktuatorgehäuse 4 wieder am Zylinderkopf 3 angeschraubt ist. Diese Gestaltung zeichnet sich somit durch eine äußerst einfache, kompakte Bauweise aus, die lediglich eine geringe Teileanzahl erforderlich macht. Vorteilhafterweise kann dieses Aktuatorgehäuse 4 bzw. Strangpreßteil paßgenau vorgefertigt werden, so daß nach Zusammenbau der elektromagnetischen Betätigungsvorrichtung keine Nacharbeit erforderlich ist. Ferner ist vorteilhafterweise der Anker 11 im Inneren des Strangpreßteiles bzw. Aktuatorgehäuses 4 exakt geführt, so daß er sich nicht um die Hubventil-Achse 6 verdrehen kann.A structure of the actuator housing 4 which differs from FIGS. 1, 2 shows the embodiment of FIGS. 3a to 3d. There are no single ones here Housing segments provided more, but the actuator housing 4 is in essentially designed as a hollow cylindrical extrusion into which above and below, the magnetic coils 5 with the interposition of the armature 11 are used with them assigned ferromagnetic coil cores 12. The latter have a collar 12 'in the outer end faces, so that each coil core 12 rests on the end face of the actuator housing 4. Two diagonally arranged locking screws 16 then connect this entire one Unit of the actuator housing 4 with the two coil cores 12 and the integrated anchor 11, while with the other two, also diagonally arranged fastening screws 13 of this actuator housing 4 is screwed back to the cylinder head 3. This design stands out thus characterized by an extremely simple, compact design that only requires a small number of parts. This can advantageously Actuator housing 4 or extrusion are prefabricated to fit, so that after assembling the electromagnetic actuator no rework is required. Furthermore, the anchor 11 is advantageously exactly inside the extrusion or actuator housing 4, see above that he can not twist about the lift valve axis 6.

Die Fig. 3a zeigt noch eine weitere Abwandlung gegenüber den Ausführungsbeispielen nach den Fig. 1, 2, nämlich bezüglich der Gestaltung des Hubventiles 2. Hier ist dessen Ventilschaft 2' so lange ausgebildet, daß er bis zum Anker 11 reicht, so daß die Koppelstange 7 ersatzlos entfallen kann. Benötigt wird lediglich die auch in den anderen Ausführungsbeispielen nach Fig. 1a, 2a auf der anderen Seite des Ankers 11 vorgesehene sog. Federstange 7', die einen oberhalb des Aktuatorgehäuses 4 liegenden Federteller 17 trägt, auf den eine der üblichen Ventilschließfeder 18' entgegenwirkende Ventilöffnungsfeder 18 einwirkt. Diese Gestaltung hat den Vorteil, daß ein ansonsten erforderliches Führungselement für die Koppelstange 7 ersatzlos entfallen kann, da der Ventilschaft 2' ohnehin bereits durch die übliche Ventilführung 19 geführt ist. Darauf hingewiesen werden soll noch, daß jedoch dies sowie weitere Details durchaus abweichend von den gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen gestaltet sein kann, ohne den Inhalt der Patentansprüche zu verlassen.3a shows a further modification compared to the exemplary embodiments 1, 2, namely with regard to the design of the Lift valve 2. Here, the valve stem 2 'is formed so long that it extends to the anchor 11 so that the coupling rod 7 can be omitted without replacement. All that is required is also that in the other exemplary embodiments 1a, 2a on the other side of the armature 11 provided so-called spring rod 7 ', a spring plate lying above the actuator housing 4 17 carries, on which one of the usual valve closing spring 18 'counteracting Valve opening spring 18 acts. This design has the advantage that a otherwise required guide element for the coupling rod 7 without replacement can be omitted, since the valve stem 2 'already through the usual valve guide 19 is performed. It should be pointed out that, however this and other details are quite different from the exemplary embodiments shown can be designed without the content of the claims leave.

Claims (3)

  1. An electromagnetic actuating device for the poppet valves of a multicylinder internal combustion engine cylinder head (3) having a longitudinal axis (10), the device comprising an actuator casing (4) containing an armature (11) movable substantially between two field coils (5) in the direction (6) of the valve axis and acting on the poppet valve (2),
    characterised in that the outer walls (8a, 8b) of the actuator casing (4), which extend substantially in the direction of the cylinder-head longitudinal axis (10), have the shape of a circular cylinder segment, the axis of which coincides with the valve axis (6), and adjoin the cylinder head (3) over substantially their entire surface, whereas at least one of the outer walls (9a, 9b) of the actuator casing (4) extending transversely to the cylinder-head longitudinal axis (10) is flat.
  2. An electromagnetic actuating device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that the outer sides of the armature (11) extending substantially in the direction of the cylinder-head longitudinal axis (10) have the shape of a circular cylinder segment concentric with the valve axis (6), whereas the outer sides of the armature (11) extending transversely to the cylinder-head longitudinal axis are flat.
  3. An electromagnetic actuating device according to claim 1 or claim 2,
    characterised in that the actuator casing (4) is substantially a hollow cylindrical extruded part in which the field coils (5) and the associated ferromagnetic cores (12) are inserted.
EP97102043A 1996-03-23 1997-02-10 Electromagnetic valve driving device in an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0796981B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19611547 1996-03-23
DE19611547A DE19611547A1 (en) 1996-03-23 1996-03-23 Electromagnetic actuating device for internal combustion engine lift valves

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EP0796981A1 EP0796981A1 (en) 1997-09-24
EP0796981B1 true EP0796981B1 (en) 2000-09-27

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JP (1) JPH09256826A (en)
DE (2) DE19611547A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2151690T3 (en)

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DE59702391D1 (en) 2000-11-02
EP0796981A1 (en) 1997-09-24
ES2151690T3 (en) 2001-01-01
DE19611547A1 (en) 1997-09-25
JPH09256826A (en) 1997-09-30

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