EP0795594B1 - Anlage zur umweltfreundlichen Wärmebehandlung von Gewerbe-, Krankenhaus-, Haushalts- und dergleichen Abfällen - Google Patents

Anlage zur umweltfreundlichen Wärmebehandlung von Gewerbe-, Krankenhaus-, Haushalts- und dergleichen Abfällen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0795594B1
EP0795594B1 EP19970400483 EP97400483A EP0795594B1 EP 0795594 B1 EP0795594 B1 EP 0795594B1 EP 19970400483 EP19970400483 EP 19970400483 EP 97400483 A EP97400483 A EP 97400483A EP 0795594 B1 EP0795594 B1 EP 0795594B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
distillation
cell
gas
sealed
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP19970400483
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0795594A1 (de
Inventor
Luc Glaive
Yves Martin
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B7/00—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven
    • C10B7/14—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven with trucks, containers, or trays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an installation implementing a process for heat treatment of industrial and hospital waste, household and similar, at low temperature and under partial vacuum, whether are in solid, liquid or gaseous form.
  • the products are distilled by heat treatment, at 500 ° C and partial vacuum (100 mb). This process accelerates decomposition organic matter by facilitating molecular bursting and avoids default oxygen self-combustion.
  • the added or substituted atoms, in ionized (gaseous) form, are treated by neutralization. At the end decomposition of organic products, due to heat treatment, the products are transformed into gas, hydrocarbons, coal.
  • the installation is composed of the assemblies as defined in the wording of the dependent claim.
  • the products to be treated are deposited, without prior sorting or packaging in a collection bucket (1/1) which is introduced into an enclosure distillation (2/1). This is closed hermetically, then purged of its atmosphere by a pumping group (9/1), the heating (board 2/3) is then put into service for a free rise up to 150 ° C. This temperature will be maintained for 30 minutes which constitutes the dehydration level and vaporization of certain products. At the end of this stage, the rise temperature is resumed up to 500 ° C, at this level it is maintained during one hour. At the end of this period the oven (3/1) is moved to put the speaker in the open air and thereby accelerate its cooling which can be improved by precipitation of water.
  • the gases are sucked in by a group pumping (9/1) through a condenser (7/1) and discharged into a washing column (10/1) to remove halogens. They are taken back and tablets for storage for later use.
  • aqueous phase of the washing column and the condensates are adjusted in "pH" and precipitated in a settling tank (15/1) to recover the hydrocarbons in suspension, then filtered. After analysis, the waters are either reused by the installation itself or discharged into the sewer (22/1) for the rest.
  • the collecting bucket (1/1) is then extracted from the enclosure (2/1) and placed on a rocker which will pour its solid stream onto a conveyor (23/1).
  • the solids will be sorted for recovery or landfill without harm to the environment.
  • the installation according to the invention implements the equipment described hereinafter.
  • Heat treatment equipment that includes collection bins (1/1), two sealed distillation chambers (2/1) and the oven itself says (3/1).
  • the collection bins (1/1) are bins made of stainless steel sheet can be mounted on engineered pads allowing their grip by an elevating machine, or on cast iron wheels for a manual handling when the mass of the products to be treated is low.
  • the blanks of the bins are equipped with an axis of rotation for their tilting during unloading.
  • the bins receive directly, without sorting or handling human, therefore without risk for the operator, the products to be treated.
  • the distillation chambers (2/2) are parallelepiped boxes stainless steel closed at one end by a watertight door fitted with a metal structure seal.
  • the door pivots on an axis to come and run parallel to the facade of the enclosure on which it is pressed by a system with cleats and wedges biased.
  • the pregnant are located face to face, separated from each other by a loading table. They rest on cradles placed on the floor of the oven. Inside, andirons in the form of raceways, rails or trays, receive the collection bucket.
  • a stainless steel tube opening at a low point in the enclosure will connect it to the extraction system distillation gases. During precipitation cooling water will be collected in a receptacle located under the enclosure.
  • the oven (3/1) consists of a casing, of welded construction, in trade sheet and profiles. It circulates on rails, of an enclosure to the other, by means of two motorized rollers and free rollers. It is closed at both ends by so-called "guillotine" doors operated by winches. The high position of the doors allows the movement of the oven. In the low position the doors are pressed on the facades by a cylinder system. Plating the doors authorizes heating. The casing and the doors are thermally insulated by a lining of ceramic fibers. The electric heating of the oven is ensured by resistant elements, formed in waves, in Nickel / Chromium alloy. A turbine recirculation will ensure forced convection of ambient air.
  • the power supply of the heating elements, the turbine and the operating devices are made by a bundle of festoon-mounted cables to follow the movements of the oven.
  • the heating regulator is a thyristor power unit.
  • the two oven bases are bases made of refractory concrete placed directly on the floor of the room.
  • the distillation gas treatment system contains the main elements described below.
  • the condenser (7/1) has two functions: trapping condensable gases and cool the incondensable gases before their aspiration.
  • the device consists of a waterproof stainless steel container in which plates are arranged in baffles. These plates, presenting a large heat exchange surface, are kept at low temperature by circulation of water, previously chilled (14/1), in coils soldered on.
  • the pumping group (9/1) consists of a rotary piston pump without lubrication and a menbran pump. Upstream of the group is installed a particle filter (8/1).
  • the washing column (10/1) is in the form of a sealed silo stainless steel in which a constant water level is maintained.
  • the gases discharged by the pumping unit are conveyed in a sheath, comprising a washing ramp forming a film of water, which dives below the level of the water table. The gases are therefore washed by precipitation and bubbling.
  • Solenoid valves allow the automation of the operation of the installation from information given by measuring, control and analysis.
  • the water requirements of the installations are as follows: cooling water condenser plates, level maintenance in the washing column, the water precipitated on the distillation chamber to be cooled, the water from washing of premises and equipment. By cons we recover some amount of water after condensation of the vapors from the enclosure distillation.
  • the liquids to be treated come from the condenser, the gas washing column, collection of premises clean water and materials.
  • the condenser cooling water is clean and to the advantage to be refreshed.
  • the enclosure cooling water is also clean but can be loaded with dust, it will be filtered (17/1) before being switched back on.
  • the essential components water treatment system are: the tank intended to preserve the correct amount of water (13/1), the appliance for cooling the plates condenser (14/1), the washing column (10/1), the drain pan decanting of hydrocarbons (15/1), the oil storage tank (16/1), the system driven by the results of the addition analyzes of washing liquid to the waters to be neutralized.
  • This system is classic to water chemistry and is not the subject of a particular description.
  • the residual solid elements are discharged onto a conveyor (23/1), on the other hand, for coals, sucked up (24/1) and put in silo (25/1). Heavy materials returned clean are sent to sorting (26-27-28-29 / 1) classic for the recovery industries.
  • the operating measures which trigger the different phases of the security measures to protect the equipment and therefore personnel
  • the quality measures to guarantee and demonstrate respect for the environment
  • profitability measures installation there are four types of measurements to be made: the operating measures which trigger the different phases of the security measures to protect the equipment and therefore personnel
  • the quality measures to guarantee and demonstrate respect for the environment
  • profitability measures installation there are four types of measurements to be made: the operating measures which trigger the different phases of the security measures to protect the equipment and therefore personnel, the quality measures to guarantee and demonstrate respect for the environment, profitability measures installation.
  • the measurements are carried out by probes or sensors which are associated to monitoring or control apparatus.
  • certain measures deemed essential are archived in graphic form or in alphanumeric messages. This archiving ensures maintenance assistance of materials and the conservation of the treatment history. Management of the entire installation is entrusted to a programmable controller, real-time or delayed measurement monitoring is ensured by a system computerized visualization.
  • the operating measurements relate to: the internal temperature of the distillation chamber which is taken into account by a regulator / programmer which itself controls the power unit to thyristors, the value of the depression in the enclosure that triggers the start-up of the heating system, the flow of aspirated gases, the temperature upstream of the pumping unit, the level of liquids collected at the base of the condenser, the level in the washing column, the rate of filling tanks.
  • the safety measures concern: the temperature of the heating elements of the oven to avoid overheating detrimental to the performance of the equipment over time, the internal pressures of the condenser and the washing, the gas flow rates at the inlet and outlet of the condenser, the refrigeration temperature of the condenser plates.
  • Quality measures concern analysis of noncondensable gases, analysis of recycled water, analysis of the local atmosphere, temperature and flow of water to be discharged to the sewer.
  • the profitability measures concern the weight of the products to be treated, consumption of electrical energy and consumption of city water. These measures will make it possible to establish an operating balance sheet.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Anlage für den Betrieb eines Verfahrens zur Wärmebehandlung von Abfällen wie Industrieabfällen, Krankenhausabfällen, Hausmüll und verarbeitbaren Abfällen bei niedriger Temperatur und Unterdruck; bei der Verarbeitung der Abfälle, in fester, flüssiger oder gasförmiger Form, werden die Bestimmungen zum Schutz der Umwelt über die festgelegten Standards hinaus eingehalten.
    Die Anlage zeichnet sich durch folgende wesentliche Merkmale aus:
    ein mobiler Ofen zur Wärmebehandlung, der sich von einem dichten Behälter zum nächsten bewegt (3/1);
    zwei dichte Destillationsbehälter (2/1);
    ein Kondensator für Destillationsgase (7/1);
    eine Gruppe zur Erzeugung des Unterdrucks in den beiden dichten Behältern (9/1);
    eine Rieselkolonne für die nicht kondensierbaren Gase (10/1) aus dem Kondensator (7/1);
    ein System zur Behandlung des Waschwassers der Gase (15/1);
    ein Sortiersystem für die festen Elemente des Materials, das durch die Wärmebehandlung erzeugt wird (24-26/1);
    eine automatische Programmierung des Zyklus der Wärmebehandlung.
  2. Die Anlage, in Übereinstimmung mit dem Wortlaut der Auflage 1, zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass der Ofen für die Wärmebehandlung mobil ist und aus einem fahrbaren durch einen Motor angetriebenen Gewölbe besteht, das sich auf Schienen fortbewegt. Das Gewölbe wird an beiden Seiten durch Hebetüren verschlossen, die nach dem Prinzip einer horizontalen Schiebetür funktionieren. Wenn sich-die Türen in der oberen Position befinden, kann der Ofen von einem Destillationsbehälter zum nächsten bewegt werden. Um ein Heizsystem mit Konvektionswärme verwenden zu können, das in diesen Temperaturbereichen effektiver ist (500°C), ist der Ofen mit einer Turbine ausgerüstet, die eine Luftzirkulation der umgebenden Luft bei elektrischem Widerstand der Heizung bewirkt.
  3. Die Anlage, in Übereinstimmung mit dem Wortlaut der Auflagenl und 2, zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die beiden festen dichten Destillationsbehälter (2/1) auf feuerfesten Betonböden platziert sind. Diese Behälter, die aus rostfreiem Stahl bestehen, enthalten die zu behandelnden Produkte. Je nach Position des Ofens befinden sich die Behälter durch die elektrischen Widerstände in dem Ofen in der Heizphase oder in der Phase der Abkühlung, in der ein Behälter der Luft ausgesetzt und mit Wasser besprengt wird, während der Ofen über dem zweiten Behälter platziert wird. Die Tür des Behälters dreht sich um eine Achse, um in eine parallele Position zu der Außenwand gebracht werden zu können; sie ist mit einer Türdichtung ausgestattet und durch ein System aus Mitnehmern und schrägen Keilen befestigt.
EP19970400483 1996-03-11 1997-03-03 Anlage zur umweltfreundlichen Wärmebehandlung von Gewerbe-, Krankenhaus-, Haushalts- und dergleichen Abfällen Expired - Lifetime EP0795594B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9603043 1996-03-11
FR9603043A FR2745819B1 (fr) 1996-03-11 1996-03-11 Installation de traitement thermique de dechets industriels, hospitaliers, menagers et assimilables avec protection de l'environnement au-dela des normes fixees

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0795594A1 EP0795594A1 (de) 1997-09-17
EP0795594B1 true EP0795594B1 (de) 2003-02-19

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19970400483 Expired - Lifetime EP0795594B1 (de) 1996-03-11 1997-03-03 Anlage zur umweltfreundlichen Wärmebehandlung von Gewerbe-, Krankenhaus-, Haushalts- und dergleichen Abfällen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0795594B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69719102D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2205142T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2745819B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8808508B2 (en) 2006-12-20 2014-08-19 Jesus Eduardo Rodriguez Hernandez System and method for obtaining hydrocarbons from organic and inorganic solid waste
DE102014007595A1 (de) 2014-05-26 2015-11-26 Hilmar Hubbes Verfahren der Aufbereitung von polymeren Abfällen
CN110594747B (zh) * 2019-10-16 2024-07-12 中国海关科学技术研究中心 一种跨境生物制品综合检疫处理设备及其使用方法
CN117128714B (zh) * 2023-10-26 2024-01-12 杭州特盈低温液化装备有限公司 一种低功耗空分装置

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2132220A (en) * 1982-12-10 1984-07-04 Kameda Works Limited Company Treating method for the industrial waste products under the dry distillation
FR2674149B1 (fr) * 1991-03-20 1994-04-15 Pierre Chaussonnet Systeme pour le traitement par thermolyse, en absence totale d'oxygene des produits solides dont le rejet est prejudiciable pour l'environnement.
DE4202321A1 (de) * 1992-01-29 1993-08-05 Adolf Gorski Anlage zum verschwelen von abfallstoffen
US5366595A (en) * 1993-05-11 1994-11-22 Padgett Michael A Mobile apparatus for pyrolyzing carbonaceous material and related method
ATE170906T1 (de) * 1993-06-23 1998-09-15 Remy Gourhan Niederdruckpyrolyseofen zur vorrichtung von industriellen organischen abfällen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2745819B1 (fr) 1999-04-09
EP0795594A1 (de) 1997-09-17
ES2205142T3 (es) 2004-05-01
FR2745819A1 (fr) 1997-09-12
DE69719102D1 (de) 2003-03-27

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